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278,963 words · 1395 min read · SRJNHK6SLW.EN-ORIG

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Yes, I know. This is the first 100 hour long video for learning English on YouTube.

Alhamdulillah.

Get him.

foreign.

But yet Fore

Foreign

speech. Foreign foreign foreign speech.

Dr. Steven crash comprehensible input.

Blaine Ray TPRS speaking Fore

grammar rules.

video

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forever.

Three minute speaking test. for us.

You know how bestellers

Microsoft.

Alhamdulillah. Awesome. Let's jump into it.

The obstacle is the way. Oh my god.

Obstacles.

for us.

It's an amazing concept. [clears throat] The fire. The fire from the book The Obstacle is the Way by Ryan Holiday. Fire factory night cold. Father, son, burn, building. Tomorrow smoke. A factory is on fire. The night is cold.

The fire grows fast. It jumps from building to building. The sky is full of smoke.

Is the night cold?

Yes, the night is cold. Is a factory on fire or a house?

A factory is on fire. What is the sky full of?

The sky is full of smoke. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. This is Thomas Edison's factory in New Jersey. It is December 1914.

Edison is 67 years old. He works here almost every day.

Is this Thomas Edison's factory?

Yes. This is Thomas Edison's factory. [clears throat] in New Jersey. Is the factory in New Jersey or in New York?

The factory is in New Jersey. How old is Edison?

Edison is 67 years old.

and his tools. [gasps] Years of work are here.

People say these buildings cannot burn. They are wrong.

Are his machines and his tools inside?

Yes. Inside are his machines and his tools. Are the people right or wrong? They are wrong. What do people say about these buildings?

People say these buildings cannot burn.

Firefighters come from many towns. They cannot stop the fire.

His son Charles is 24. He runs through the big crowd.

Can the firefighters stop the fire?

No, they cannot stop the fire. Is Charles his son or his brother?

Charles is his son. How old is his son? His

son Charles is 24. >> Well done. >> He is looking for his father. He is afraid for him. Imagine

you are Charles. Your father is old. His life's work is burning.

Is Charles afraid for his father?

Yes, he is afraid for him. Is his father young or old?

His father is old. [gasps] What is burning?

His life's work is burning. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> You think he will be sad? Maybe he will cry.

Charles finds him. His father is calm. He is watching the fire.

Does Charles find his father?

Yes. Charles finds him. Is his father calm or sad?

His father is calm. What is his father watching?

He is watching the fire.

>> Then Edison says something strange to his son.

He tells Charles to bring his mother and her friends. [laughter]

They'll never see a fire like this again, he says.

Does Edison say something strange to his son?

Yes. He says something strange to his son. Does he ask for his mother or for the firefighters?

He tells Charles to bring his mother and her friends. What does Edison say about the fire?

He says they'll never see a fire like this again.

Charles does not understand. His father is losing so much.

Most of the buildings burn. The loss is almost $1 million.

Does Charles understand?

No, Charles does not understand. Do most of the buildings burn or only one?

Most of the buildings burn. How big is the loss?

The loss is almost $1 million. That's great. Now it is morning. Smoke is still in the cold air.

Edison walks through what is left. Everything is [clears throat] black.

Awesome. [cough] Is the smoke still in the air?

Yes. Smoke is still in the cold air. Is everything black [clears throat] or white?

Everything is black. Where does Edison walk?

Edison walks through what is left. >> I'm super proud of you. He does not talk about the fire. He talks about tomorrow.

He tells the reporters he is 67. Still he will start again.

>> Awesome. Wait. Let's go. >> Does Edison talk about the fire?

No, he does not talk about the fire. Does he talk about the fire or about tomorrow?

He talks about tomorrow. What does he tell the reporters?

He tells the reporters he is 67. Still he will start again.

>> His workers clean. [snorts] They build. They work very hard day after day.

about 3 weeks later, parts of the factory work again.

>> Great. Do his workers work hard?

Yes, they work very hard day after day. Does the factory work again after 3 weeks or 3 years?

About three weeks later, parts of the factory work again. What do his workers do?

His workers clean. They build. >> The book The Obstacle is the Way uses this night.

Edison could not stop the fire. He could choose the next day.

Let's jump into it. Could Edison stop the fire?

No, Edison could not stop the fire. Could he choose the fire or the next day?

He could choose the next day. What book uses this night?

The book The Obstacle is the Way uses this night. >> Congratulations. >> Maybe you lost something this week. A test, a chance, a job.

It is okay to feel sad tonight. Tomorrow morning, build one small thing.

The fire takes one night. The morning is yours.

Let's jump into it. >> Is it okay to feel sad tonight?

Yes, it is okay to feel sad tonight. Does the fire take one night or one year?

The fire takes one night. The morning is yours. What can you build tomorrow morning?

Tomorrow morning, build one small thing.

The grammar we practice today am is a a factory is on fire. The night is cold. They are wrong. His father is calm.

Congratulations. You practiced 37 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Great job. foreign.

and let's keep going. The psychology of money and I love this book because

I don't care.

Two men and their money. Two men and their money. From the book, The Psychology of Money by Morgan Hel. Money. House. Car. Wood. Wait. Lose. Die town. Save secret. Two men, two lives, one big lesson about money.

Morgan Howel tells their story in the psychology of money. Awesome.

>> Is this a story about two men?

Yes. Two men, two lives, and one big lesson about money. Is the lesson about money or about cars?

It is one big lesson about money. Who tells their story.

Morgan Howel tells their story in the psychology of money.

The first man is Ronald Reed. He lived in Vermont in America.

For many years he fixed cars at a gas station.

speaking. >> Did Ronald Reed fix cars?

Yes. For many years he fixed cars at a gas station. [clears throat] Was he from Vermont or from New York?

He was from Vermont. He lived in Vermont in America. Where did he fix cars?

He fixed cars at a gas station.

>> Then he cleaned floors in a big shop. It was simple work.

He drove an old car. He cut his own wood for the fire.

Was his work simple?

Yes, it was simple work. Was his car old or new? His car was old. He drove an old car. What did he cut for the fire? He cut his own wood for the fire. >> All right, back to the story. Every month he saved a little money. Just a little.

With it he bought small parts of big strong companies.

Then he waited. He waited for years and years.

Did he save a lot of money every month?

No. Every month he saved a little money. Just a little. Whether companies small or big,

the companies were big and strong. What did he do then?

Then he waited. He waited for years and years. >> The second man is Richard Fusone. He studied at Harvard.

He was a top boss at a New York bank.

Was the second man a top boss?

Yes. He was a top boss at a New York bank. Was the bank in New York or in Vermont?

The bank was in New York. Who was the second man?

The second man was Richard Fusone. >> That's amazing. >> He made a lot of money. He stopped work in his 40s.

He wanted a very big house, so he borrowed a lot of Honey,

how did he make a lot of money?

Yes, he made a lot of money. Did he want a small house or a very big house?

He wanted a very big house. What did he do for the house?

He borrowed a lot of money. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. The house was huge. It had pools, lifts, and many rooms.

Now you may say the clever man wins, right?

Was the house small?

No, the house was huge. Did the house have many rooms or one room?

It had pools, lifts, and many rooms. Who wins, you may say?

You may say the clever man wins.

>> Wait. In 2008, big money problems hit the whole world.

Soon he could not pay back his loans.

>> Could he pay back his loans?

No, soon he could not pay back his loans. Were the money problems in 2008 or in 2014?

The money problems were in 2008. What hit the whole world in 2008?

Big money problems hit the whole world.

>> He lost his money. He lost his big house, too.

And the man who cleaned floors, he died in 2014 at 92. Awesome.

Did he lose his big house?

Yes, he lost his money. He lost his big house, too. Was the man who cleaned floors old or young when he died?

He was old. He died in 2014 at 92. When did he die?

He died in 2014 at 92.

When he died, his town learned his secret. People were surprised.

He had more than $8 million.

Most of it went to his town's hospital and library.

I have your job. >> Were people surprised?

Yes. People were surprised. Did his money go to his town or to a bank?

Most of it went to his town's hospital and library. What was his secret?

He had more than $8 million. >> Well done. >> So, who was better with money? Not the man from Harvard.

The quiet man who waited was better.

Was the man from Harvard better with money?

No, not the man from Harvard. Was the better man quiet or loud?

The quiet man [clears throat] was better. Who was better with money?

The quiet man who waited was better.

The old car, the wood, the waiting. That was his secret

with money. A clever mind is not enough. Daily habits matter more.

Let's jump into it. Is a clever mind enough with money?

No. With money, a clever mind is not enough. Do daily habits matter more or a clever mind?

Daily habits matter more. What three things were his secret?

The old car, the wood, the waiting. That was his secret. >> That's amazing. Let's jump into Save a little. Do not borrow for a big show. Then wait.

English grows the same way. A little lovely day for a long time.

One rule for today. Small, quiet, and every day.

Let's jump into it. Should you borrow for a big show?

No. Do not borrow for a big show. Should you save a lot at once or a little?

Save a little then wait. How does English grow?

English grows the same way a little every day for a long time.

The grammar we practice today was were it was simple work. He was a top boss at a New York bank. The house was huge. People were surprised.

Congratulations. You practiced 303 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Congratulations. Art of learning.

Oh my god. Distress.

The noisy park. >> The noisy park from the book The Art of Learning by Josh Weightskin. Quiet. Park [clears throat] noise. Play game. Fast place. Bored. Calm. Loud. Look at this picture. There is a big park in New York.

There are many small tables. On each table there is chess. Awesome.

Is there a big park in New York?

Yes, there is a big park in New York. Are there many tables or one table?

There are many small tables. What is there on each table?

On each table there is chess. Men play very fast. They talk loudly. They laugh at each [laughter] other.

People

walk by. Children shout. There is noise everywhere.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Do the men play slowly?

No, men play very fast. Do they talk loudly [clears throat] or softly? They talk loudly. Where is there noise?

There is noise everywhere. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> Now, a question. Where is the best place to learn chess?

Stand at those tables and listen. Could this be a school?

speaking skills. >> Is there a question about chess?

Yes. Where is the best place to learn chess? Is the question about the best place or the best player?

The question is about the best place to learn chess. Where do you stand and listen?

stand at those tables and [clears throat] listen.

>> Most people say no. A quiet room is better.

There is a good teacher and a clean board.

Now [gasps] meet a small boy. His name is Josh Weightskin.

Is there a good teacher in a quiet room?

Yes, there is a good teacher and a clean board. Do most people say a quiet room or a noisy park?

Most people say a quiet room is better. What is the boy's name?

His name is Josh Weightskin.

He was 6 years old. He walked in this park with his mother.

He saw the men and the fast chess. He loved it.

Was he six years old?

Yes, he was 6 years old. Did he walk in the park with his mother or his father?

He walked in this park with his mother. What did he see?

He saw the men and the fast chess. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. Soon he sat at the tables. He played against these men.

The men were strong, clever players. They played every day.

Did he play against these men?

Yes. He played against these men. Were the men weak or strong players?

The men were strong, clever players. How often did the men play?

They played every day.

>> They talked to him during the game. They tried to scare him. [laughter]

They said things to make him angry. They made him feel small. [laughter]

Did they talk to him during the game?

Yes. They talked to him during the game. Did they try to help him or scare him?

They tried to scare him. How did they make him feel?

They made him feel small. >> At first, the noise was hard for a small boy.

He played them again and again. He did not stop coming.

Was the noise easy for him at first?

No. At first the noise was hard for a small boy. Did he stop coming or keep coming?

He did not stop coming. What did he do again and again?

He played them again and again.

Each time he watched the men, he listened to them.

Slowly

he learned to stay calm in the noise.

He looked at the board, not at the men.

Did he learn to stay calm?

Yes. Slowly he learned to stay calm in the noise. Did he look at the board or at the men?

He looked at the board, not at the men. What did he do each time

each time he watched the men, he listened to them.

The noise was still there. It did not move him. Now

later he won top chess prizes in America. [applause]

Let's jump into it. Did the noise move him now?

No, it did not move him now. Was the noise gone or still there?

The noise was still there. What did he win later?

Later he won top chess prizes in America. I'm super proud of you. >> He was still a boy. The noisy park was still his school.

So, here is the missing clue. The noise was the lesson.

Was the noisy park still his school?

Yes, the noisy park was still his school. Was he still a boy or a man?

He was still a boy. What was the lesson?

The noise was the lesson. Let's jump into the Let's keep it up. A quiet room teaches you the game. [clears throat] A noisy place teaches you calm.

Now your English books and classes are the quiet room.

Does a noisy place teach you calm?

Yes. A noisy place teaches you calm. Does a quiet room teach you the game or calm?

A quiet home teaches you the game. What is the quiet room for your English?

Books and classes are the quiet room. >> Congratulations. >> Real English is loud. People speak fast. Nobody waits for you.

So do not only study in a quiet room. Go where English is real.

There is a noisy park for your English, too. Where is yours?

Final round. Is there a noisy park for your English?

Yes, there is a noisy park for your English, too. Is real English quiet or loud?

Real English is loud. People speak fast. Where should you go?

Go where English is real.

The grammar we practice today. There is There are There is a big park in New York. There are many small tables. On each table there is chess. There is noise everywhere.

Congratulations. You practiced 314 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's amazing. Awesome. Amazing.

Crazy. for

what is

for

E1. Way too.

Awesome. Alhamdulillah.

for

WhatsApp.

influence.

The strange gift. The Strange Gift from the book Influence by Robert B. Chaldini. Hungry. Country. Remember, send food. Thank friend. Rain. Gift. War. 1985 in Ethiopia in East Africa. There was almost no food.

There was no rain. The crops died. Many people were hungry.

Awesome.

Was there food in Ethiopia in 1985?

No, there was almost no food. Was there rain or was there no rain? There was no rain. Who was hungry?

Many people were hungry.

There was also war. It was a very hard time.

Countries around the world sent food and money to Ethiopia.

Then far away, something terrible happened in Mexico. Was

there also war?

Yes, there was also war. Did countries send food or did they send nothing?

They sent food and money to Ethiopia. Where did something terrible happen?

Something terrible happened in Mexico. There was a strong earthquake in Mexico City. Big buildings fell down in seconds.

Thousands of people died. Many families lost their homes.

speaking skills. >> Was there an earthquake in Mexico City?

Yes, there was a strong earthquake in Mexico City. Did big buildings fall in seconds or in days?

Big buildings fell down in seconds. What did many families lose?

Many families lost their homes.

>> Now Mexico needed help, too. Many countries sent help.

One gift was $5,000. Guess where it came from?

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did Mexico need help?

Yes. Mexico needed help, too. Was the gift $5,000 or $50?

One gift was $5,000. What did many countries send?

Many countries sent help. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> It came from Ethiopia. The Ethiopian Red Cross sent this gift.

A writer named Robert Chaldini read this news. It surprised him.

Let's jump into it. Did the gift come from Ethopia?

Yes, it came from Ethiopia. Did the Red Cross or a writer send this gift?

The Ethiopian Red Cross sent this gift. Who read this news?

A writer named Robert Chelini read this news. Maybe you feel the same. Ethiopia needed that money. Its people were hungry.

Maybe it was a mistake. Maybe someone wrote the wrong country.

>> Were the people of Ethiopia hungry?

Yes, Ethiopia needed that money. Its people were hungry. Did someone write the right country or the wrong country?

Maybe someone wrote the wrong country. What did Ethiopia need?

Ethiopia needed that money. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. Why would hungry people send money to another country?

Then Chelini learned why there was an old reason.

Did hungry people send money to another country?

Yes, hungry people sent money to another country. Was there a new reason or an old reason? There was an old reason who learned why Chaldini learned why

>> long before in 1935 there was another war. The army of Italy attacked Ethiopia.

Ethiopia needed friends. There were many strong countries. They did very little

speaking. Was there another war in 1935?

Yes. In 1935 there was another war. Did the army of Italy or Mexico attack Ethiopia?

The army of Italy attacked Ethiopia. What did Ethiopia need?

Ethiopia needed friends. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. >> Mexico was far away, but Mexico spoke up for Ethiopia. It stood with Ethiopia.

Ethiopia did not forget. 50 years later, it paid back.

Did Mexico speak up for Ethiopia?

Yes, Mexico spoke up for Ethiopia. Did Ethiopia forget or did it remember?

Ethiopia did not forget. When did Ethiopia pay back?

50 years later, it paid back. >> All right, back to the story. >> Now, look at the same news again.

There was no mistake. The gift was a thank you that waited 50 years.

speaking. >> Was there a mistake?

No, there was no mistake. Was the gift a thank you or a mistake?

The gift was a thank you. How long did the thank you wait?

It waited 50 years. Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Ethiopia was poor and hungry. It still remembered its friend.

Years later, he put this story in his book, Influence.

>> Awesome. Let's go. >> Was Ethiopia rich?

No, Ethiopia was poor and hungry. Did Ethiopia remember or forget its friend?

It still remembered its friend. Where did he put this story?

He put this story in his book influence.

Kindness is not lost. People remember it.

Families remember, countries. Remember sometimes for a very long time.

Think about the people who helped you with English.

>> Is kindness lost?

No, kindness is not lost. Do people remember kindness or do they forget it? People remember it. Who remembers?

Families remember, countries. Remember,

maybe a teacher, a friend, a video, or a book. Remember

1985? There was no rain and no food. A hungry country still said, "Thank you.

Was there rain in 1985?

No, there was no rain and no food. Did a hungry country say thank you or say nothing?

A hungry country still said thank you. Who helped you with English?

Maybe a teacher, a friend, a video or a book. >> Congratulations. >> It remembered. Now it is your turn.

Today, write one short thank you in English. Send it to someone who helped you.

final round. >> Is it your turn now?

Yes. Now it is your turn. Do you write a thank you in English or in Arabic?

Write one short thank you in English. Who do you send it to?

Send it to someone who helped you.

The grammar we practice today. There was there were in Ethiopia in East Africa. There was almost no food. There was no rain. There was also war. There was a strong earthquake in Mexico City.

Congratulations. You practiced 322 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's all working.

Lincoln, the unknown. Dale Carnegie,

Ibraham Lincoln.

The Old Barrel. >> The Old Barrel from the book Lincoln the Unknown by Dale Cariegi. Old read book page barrel young lawyer open new magic an old wooden barrel dusty heavy full of old things.

Nobody wanted this barrel. Its owner wanted it gone.

Long ago, a young man ran a small shop. Was

it an old barrel? Bro,

yes. It was an old wooden barrel. Did a young man or an old man run the shop?

A young man ran a small shop who wanted the barrel.

Nobody wanted this barrel.

The shop was in New Salem, a tiny American village.

He was tall, strong, and poor. He had very little school.

The young man's name was Abraham Lincoln.

Great. Was the shop in a big city?

No, [gasps] the shop was in New Salem, a tiny American village. Was the young man rich or poor?

He was tall, strong, and poor. What was the young man's name?

The young man's name was Abraham Lincoln.

>> One day, a traveler stopped his wagon at the shop.

The wagon was full. He was moving far to the west.

Did a traveler stop at the shop?

Yes. A traveler stopped his wagon at [clears throat] the shop. Was the wagon full or empty?

The wagon was full. Where was he moving?

He was moving far to the west. He asked Lincoln to buy an old barrel. He needed space.

The young man did not need it, but he wanted to help.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Did he ask Lincoln to buy an old barrel?

Yes. He asked Lincoln to buy an old barrel. Did the young man need the barrel or did he want to help?

He did not need it. He wanted to help. What did the traveler need?

He needed space. >> All right, back to the story. >> He paid 50 cents for it. Then he put the barrel in a corner.

Sometime later, he emptied the barrel onto the floor.

Awesome. Did he pay 50 cents for the barrel?

Yes, he paid 50 cents for it. Did he put the barrel in a corner or on the table?

He put the barrel in a corner. What did he do sometime later?

He emptied the barrel onto the floor.

>> Old things. More old things. Then at the very bottom, books.

They were famous law books by a man called Blackstone.

law books explain the rules that a country follows.

Were there books at the bottom of the barrel?

Yes. At the very bottom there were books. Were they law books or story books?

They were famous law books. What do law books explain?

Law books explain the rules that a country follows. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. >> He sat down and started to read. He could not stop.

Few customers came in summer. So he read and read and read.

speaking. Did he stop reading?

No, he could not stop. Did [clears throat] many customers come in summer or few customers? Few customers came in summer. What did he do in the summer?

He read and read and read.

Page after page, day after day, week after week.

He read them again and again. He learned them well.

Did he read the books again and again?

Yes, he read them again and again. Did he read one page or page after page,

page after page, day after day? How well did he learn them? He learned them well.

Something new started inside him. He wanted to be a lawyer.

It was not fast. He borrowed more books and kept studying.

Did something new you start inside him?

Yes. Something new started inside him. Did he want to be a lawyer or a shop owner?

He wanted to be a lawyer. What did he borrow?

He borrowed more books. Yes sir. >> A few years later he became a lawyer.

Later still he became the president of the United States. [cheering]

Read that number again. 50 cents.

Let's jump into it. Did he become a lawyer?

Yes. A few years later, he became a lawyer. Did he become a teacher or the president?

He became the president of the United States. What is that number?

50 cents.

One old barrel, one old book, one new life.

Why did it work? The book was not magic.

Was the book magic?

No, the book was not magic. Was it one old life or one new life?

One old book, one new life. What was old,

one old barrel, one old book.

He opened it every day in every quiet hour. That was the magic.

Maybe you have an old English book at home. It is waiting.

Did he open the book every day?

Yes. He opened it every day in every quiet hour. Do you have a new book or an old English book at home?

Maybe you have an old English book at home. What was the magic?

He opened it every day. That was the magic.

Go back to it. Open it today. Read one page.

Then read one more page tomorrow and the next day.

Let's jump into it. Do you open the book today?

Yes. Open it today. Read one page. Do you read one page or the whole book? Read one page. When do you read one more page?

Read one more page tomorrow and the next day.

The grammar we practice today. A anthe, an old wooden barrel. Long ago, a young man ran a small shop. The shop was in New Salem, a tiny American village. One day, a traveler stopped his wagon at the shop.

Congratulations. You practiced 305 words in this story and you learned a lot.

This is amazing. The one thing. Oh my god. Okay. The best of the best. Yeah. It talks about

Works for

Eight dominoes. >> Eight dominoes from the book The One Thing by Gary Keller and Jay Papazan. Push. Small. Big line. Tall. Fall. Last domino. Picture. Science. One domino. One small push. One loud fall.

You know dominoes. You stand them up in a long line.

Is it one small push?

Yes. One domino. One small push, one loud fall. Do you stand dominoes in a line or in a box?

You stand them up in a long line. What do you know?

You know, dominoes. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> You push the first one, it falls on the next one, and so on.

The one thing tells a surprising story about dominoes

speaking

Does the first domino fall on the next one?

Yes, it falls on the next one and so on. Do you push the first one or the last one?

You push the first one. What does the one thing tell?

It tells [clears throat] a surprising story about dominoes.

It starts with a scientist, a man named Lawn Whitehead.

He found an amazing fact about dominoes.

Does the story start with a scientist?

Yes. It starts with a scientist, a man named Lawn Whitehead. Did he find a small fact or an amazing fact?

He found an amazing fact about dominoes. What was the scientist's name?

a man named Lawn Whitehead.

>> He wrote about it in a science paper.

A domino can push over a bigger domino.

Let's jump into it. Can a domino push over a bigger domino?

Yes, a domino can push over a bigger domino. Did he write about it in a science paper? or in a story book.

He wrote about it in a science paper. What can a domino push over

a domino can push over a bigger domino? >> That's amazing. Not just a little bigger, about 50% bigger.

So each domino can knock down a bigger one.

In 2001, a science museum in San Francisco tested it.

Okay. Now, >> is it just a little bigger?

No, it is about 50% bigger. Did a science museum or a school tested?

A science museum in San Francisco tested it. When did the museum test it?

In 2001, a science museum tested it. >> I'm super proud of you. >> They made eight dominoes from wood. Each one was bigger than the last.

The first domino was tiny, the size of your finger.

English. >> Did they make eight dominoes?

Yes. They made eight dominoes from wood. Was each one bigger or smaller than the last?

Each one was bigger than the last. How big was the first domino?

The first domino was tiny, the size of your finger. >> The last domino was almost 1 meter tall.

That is as tall as a small child.

Was the last domino almost 1 meter tall?

Yes. The last domino was almost 1 m tall. Is that as tall as a small child or a big house?

That is as tall as a small child. How tall was the last domino?

The last domino was almost 1 meter tall.

Then someone gave the first domino a very small push.

Tick. The small one fell. And the next and the next

great was the first push very small.

Yes. Someone gave the first domino a very small push. Did the small one fall or stand?

The small one fell. What fell after the small one?

Then the next and the next. Each fall was bigger and louder than the one before.

Then the last big domino fell. Slam.

Was each fall bigger than the one before?

Yes. Each fall was bigger and louder than the one before. Did the last big domino fall or stand?

Then the last big domino fell. What sound did it make? Slam. That's great. A tiny push knocked down something almost 1 meter tall. [applause]

Then the book asks you to imagine more dominoes.

Did a tiny push knock down something tall?

Yes. [snorts] A tiny push knocked down something. almost 1 meter tall. Does the book ask you to imagine more dominoes or fewer dominoes?

The book asks you to imagine more dominoes. What does the book ask you?

It asks you to imagine more dominoes. >> Well done. In that picture, the line of dominoes reaches the moon

that is only a picture in the mind. I think the real test is more useful.

Let's jump into it. Does the line of dominoes reach the moon in that picture?

Yes. In that picture, the line of dominoes reaches the moon. Is that picture real or only a picture in the mind

that is only a picture in the mind. What is more useful?

The real test is more useful.

>> The real test used only eight dominoes and it still worked.

So line up your small winds one by one.

Awesome. [clears throat] Let's go. Did the real test use only eight dominoes?

Yes. The real test used only eight dominoes. Did it work or did it fail?

And it still worked. What do you line up?

Line up your small winds one by one.

>> Let each small win knock over a bigger one.

Your first English domino can be a few new words.

What >> can each small wind knock over a bigger one?

Yes. Let each small win knock over a bigger one. Can your first English domino be a few new words or a long book.

Your first English domino can be a few new words. What can your first English domino be?

It can be a few new words.

Words push over sentences. Sentences push over a short talk.

A short talk can push over your fear of speaking.

So find your first small domino today. Then give it a push.

Final round. Do words push over sentences?

Yes, words push over sentences. Do you find your first small domino today or next year?

Find your first small domino today. What can a short talk push over?

A short talk can push over your fear of speaking.

The grammar we practice today, plural nouns, you know, dominoes. They made eight dominoes from wood. In that picture, the line of dominoes reaches the moon. So, line up your small winds one by one.

Congratulations. You practiced 296 words in this story and you learned a lot. Congratulations.

Awesome.

uh I want you to listen to what happened. Uh let's go. >> My name is Minister Sudan. Um one of graduated of intensive English fluency course and I'm really excited to share my uh journey of how I learn English with you. For

uh

traditional method. Okay. Yeah. Just focus on reading grammar

attractive. speaking

readings yesterday,

high marks.

Yeah. medicine.

English. I'm really afraid.

Medical terminology, English

to be graduate. speaking. speaking.

That's just exist.

speaking

speaking medicine

English. I have to speak English.

Speaking presentation

English.

speaking. Okay. Speaking. I have to fix it.

nowadays.

Communication skills just is too important.

English. That's amazing. Awesome. Okay. Average doctor.

Okay. By the way, public speaker

confidence public speaker in Arabic. I wanted to be public speaker in English at the same time. Okay, that's amazing. Awesome.

Speaking. Okay.

before the war in Sudan.

English

English resources in YouTube. Try to uh find any YouTube channel maybe can help me. So just like uh schooling uh about uh how I can learn English playlist vocabulary shadowing vocabulary Did you shadowing

a

for

YouTube channel. It's like this

passion.

that you like dictionary

English.

It's like um almost here just like this distracted confused to be honest.

Interrupt then continue.

Uh to be honest, I pick some words, but uh speaking to improve your speaking,

I think I've been through it. BBC

as a learner as a B1 or A2.

for

picking the right

English is so hard. I can do it. And just I learned many people say uh they learned English just in six months. So

Exactly. Exactly. Uh why many people do it? So what what the problem? So how can I solve this? So I'm struggling uh for really almost

listening. Um, [sighs]

I wanted someone to correct my mistakes, right? >> So I can find anyone. So if there anyone help me and

Okay.

for

English

attracted me to learn English speaking.

Yeah. She's like

Okay.

Okay.

Six months here.

Wow.

How was it?

Really it will change my my life. foreign.

Foreign

speech. Foreign speech.

Yeah, the mindset is 80%. It's really

exactly

awesome. Yeah. What was the next thing? Yeah. So [snorts] um I've remembered the first year and the course it just it's >> the first uh week or so or first day >> the first day. >> Okay. >> Yeah. Exactly. The first day uh I've started with anxiety. Uh I start with the first class and it was

so easy and it was so entering. I love it. >> Uh and then I completed all the class until I get to the Shakespeare. Really nice

start with Shakespeare and I remember the first conversation with Shakespeare. It's um it's nice and it's easy and comfy. I feel comfy. This is my first time I speak with uh let me see it's Shakespeare like a human. I don't want to say it's AI Shakespeare

but the first conversation it was so comfy and it's interesting. Uh I love uh the way they and it correct my mistakes you when I'm say anything for him just like correct any mistakes in details and that's really >> you would ask it to correct it and it would give you the all the corrections.

Yeah, exactly. And I asked uh him to to give me a feedback >> and it's like give me a feedback uh in everything >> uh in my lesson in my speaking and the grammar and forming a combine sentence and everything >> uh and then uh booking session. >> Yeah. >> And here is uh this is a very important

point. Uh I've uh booked the first session uh randomly. I know I don't know the I didn't know the teachers at that time. Uh the first teacher I've booked with with her it's a Monique. >> Um I attend the session uh and how is her way and how to to ask them it's

really uh the all all teacher and the in the course it was really amazing. they're really supporting and engaging and it helped >> uh us a lot and um she started to ask me the question uh first ask u my other classmate and all of them they replay >> uh when they ask me I didn't reply

>> wow >> I'm just like uh trying to do translating process like I know I know your question I know the answer but I couldn't. I'm just trying to >> You're trying to translate for >> translate and it's take a time. It really takes a long time and just ask me like uh do you want to explain the the

question for you? Do you want to clarify and then uh ask me just say anything in any in any any topic. How will it just like

and then um to another classmate and then here play. Uh after that we have like a breakout room session breakout room classmate. Okay. because I know I felt uh overwhelmed and frustrated. I didn't say anything. All my classmates they were talking. >> Why me? >> I'm just like meetings. I don't know anything in English.

>> The first day. >> Oh, the first day. >> The first day.

session

like almost month native speakers. Shakespeare Shakespeare is really comfortable. It's okay.

Fore

session randomly. booking session the same teacher and I'm so excited he has starting to ask us

Let's move on. Exactly.

actor.

Rooms

greeting them. That was the second session. >> This is the second session after exactly. Uh so you ready for the castle? Let us start and like this.

This is the first month. So,

it's like a magic really doing a year in just a month. >> One month. >> That was

It makes difference really. >> Yeah. So Uh, by the way,

it's effortless.

honestly which is true. Yeah. Amazing

the courses. Yeah.

Uh it just changes and customizes for you. Yeah. [clears throat]

Makes difference in my journey. Fore

consistent.

It's like habit

like what was it like really passion I want I want I wanted to be fluent at English really

I to complete. Yeah. >> So I make this in one month. So uh that mean I really can do it in just uh another month. So,

scrolling on the Tik Tok and Instagram, just scrolling on the course.

booking session.

That's okay.

I just need myself. Yeah,

I got admission. I feel I'm doing my anything

is listening. with subtitle. English subtitles without subtitle. Exactly.

Absolutely.

course just and I'm so obsessed with podcast. I've listened a lot of podcast

really like on purpose on purpose without subtitle it's mean

it's different native speakers different accent

subtitles.

You were not like

Yeah. Okay. Yeah. Yeah. That's it. Yeah. Exactly.

What's the next? What's the next?

It's really it's really amazing. >> Alhamdulillah. Alhamdulillah. Um that was amazing. Speaking uh what was that made made it different? for

speaking everything in English it's really uh start with my accent it's really changed uh and then um >> what made it change >> I think shadowing >> uh I used to do shadowing a lot so I think it's helped me also um at the first I don't I'm I'm not uh like I have

a confidence to speak. >> Yeah. >> But right now I have a confidence even I mistake even I I I make a mistakes. Uh I don't mind because I think it's making a mistake. It's part of the the process of learning. So I have just to when I and and really when I do any mistake I feel

so happy because I know that I'm in a in a right track. Like if I made a mistake that mean this is like a level. >> This is a good thing. This is a good thing and this is like sometime I feel like maybe it's like something it's higher from my level so I'm in a right

track >> right so that means you're pushing yourself you're growing >> exactly I think when you reach that

they started to have like they have that celebrity like they would celebrate their mistakes and they would like they're making mistakes they don't mind As you said, >> this is me. I'm really love to make mistakes because when I make mistakes >> Oh, you love making mistakes. >> Yeah. Really, really. I love to make

mistakes because sometime when I scrolling on social media and find any any new vocabulary in that video, I feel like I'm so happy. This is a new word. I don't know know it. So go to the chatbt, try to translate it. I know I know it. And then I feel like yeah, this uh maybe

this is in C1 level. So that mean I'm good. I'm in the right track. So I will complete. >> So difficult means good. Difficult means it's something that I'm that you that you're trying to challenge yourself. Yeah. >> Yeah. Exactly. Exactly. >> Yeah. That's that's amazing. >> I think Yeah, it's really helped me.

>> Awesome. Awesome.

I can't really change from zero to here. >> Wow. A2 speaking. Mhm. I'm seek to be C1 like I'm doing a challenge with you. By the end of this year in 2025, I will reach to the C1 inshallah. I'm working hard. >> And I'm sure you can do it. That's amazing

make like um clear conversation. Yeah. I just want everyone to to understand me just this is my

topics. English times and I'm just for myself to learn English. Right now I'm not uh wanted to learn English. I wanted to I fell in love with with language really with English. I wanted to learn more >> not just learning like perfecting it or >> exactly being proficient. I want to just uh to interress in this language because

English so easy. It's funny. It's really helped my helped me and it has changed my my life really

and I'm ready for any workshop English I remember public speakers native public speakers. Oh my god, native speakers. Native speakers who can ask to just interact with with him nice. This is

Mike. Okay.

foreign.

Wow.

Sure.

Fore

and I'm with you.

But let Listen.

[snorts]

public speaker really

I'm so obsessed with with English

really amazing just [laughter] exactly

Um that that was that was an amazing story.

But that's true, isn't it? >> Really? >> Right.

Maybe it's take a time but it's but is it worth it >> really? So [laughter] maybe it takes a time for me like

It's really changed my life.

>> [laughter]

>> You're my role models. You changed my life for the better. for

they notice the change

like it's

really magic. This is the code of

I think it's Yeah. Yeah.

Yeah, exactly.

ractice

practice makes perfect. This is really a big

It's not like this. Yeah. Awesome.

But it's something amazing. It's something totally crazy.

How to win friends and influence people.

It really helps.

The calf from the book How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Cariegi. Cough. Want pull animal baby finger. Slowly think mother step. A young cow, a calf stands in a quiet field.

Near it is a barn, a house for animals.

Two people want the calf to go into the barn.

Is the calf in a quiet field?

Yes, a young cow, a calf, stands in a quiet field. Is a barn a house for animals or a house for people?

A barn is a house for animals. What do two people want?

They want the calf to go into the barn. >> One is Ralph Waldo Emerson, a famous American writer.

The other person is his son.

Emerson stands behind the cough. He pushes

speaking skills. >> Is Emerson a famous writer?

Yes. He is a famous American writer. Does he push or pull? He pushes. Who is the other person?

The other person is his son.

>> His son stands in front of the calf. He pulls

They push. They pull. They push again. The calf does not move.

Does his son Paul?

Yes. He pulls. Does the calf move or does it stay?

The calf does not move. Where does his son stand?

He stands in front of the calf.

>> It puts its legs hard into the ground. It wants to stay.

Think for a moment. How can you get the calf inside?

Does the calf want to stay?

Yes, it wants to stay. Does it put its legs into the ground or into the barn?

It puts its legs hard into the ground. What do you think about for a moment?

How can you get the calf inside? I'm super proud of you. Push harder. Pull harder. Bring more men.

Most of us think like this. More power, more pushing.

Awesome. Do most of us think like this?

>> [sighs and gasps] >> Yes, most of us think like this. Do we want more power or less power?

More power. More pushing. What do most of us try,

push harder, pull harder, bring more men.

Then a woman from the house sees them. She works for the family.

She does not push. She does not pull.

Does a woman from the house see them?

Yes. A woman from the house sees them. Does she push or does she not push?

She does not push. She does not pull. Who does she work for?

She works for the family. >> She thinks about a different question. What does the calf want?

A calf is a baby. A baby wants to drink from its mother.

Let's jump into it. >> Is a calf [sighs] a baby?

Yes. A calf is a baby. Does a baby want its mother or a barn?

A baby wants to drink from its mother. What does she think about

She thinks about a different question. What does the calf want? >> That's great. >> She puts her finger in the calf's mouth. The cough [sighs] starts to suck.

She walks slowly. The calf follows her finger.

Does she put her finger in the calf's mouth?

Yes, she puts her finger in the calves's mouth. Does she walk fast or slowly?

She walks slowly. What does the calf follow

the calf follows her finger

step by step the calf walks into the barn.

It is easy. No pushing, no pulling.

Does the calf walk into the barn?

Yes. Step by step, the calf walks into the barn. Is it easy or hard?

It is easy. How does the calf walk into the barn?

Step by step,

>> Emerson and his son forget one thing. They think only about what they want.

The calf thinks only about what it wants. It wants its mother.

Do Emerson and his son forget one thing?

Yes. Emerson and his son forget one thing. Does the calf want its mother or the barn?

It wants its mother. What do they think about?

They think only about what they want.

Dale Cariegi puts this little story in a famous book.

The book is How to Win Friends and Influence People.

speaking. Does Dale Carnegie put this story in a book?

Yes. He puts this little story in a famous book. Is it a little story or a long story? It is a little [clears throat] story. What is the book?

The book is How to Win Friends and Influence People. >> Well done. >> His point is not about animals. It is about people.

When you push people, they push back. Start with what they want.

is his point about animals.

No, his point is not about animals. It is about people. When you push people, do they push back or come with you?

When you push people, they push back. What do you start with?

Start with what they want.

Maybe you want a friend to practice English with you.

Don't ask how can I make him do it.

Do you want a friend to practice English with you?

Yes. Maybe you want a friend to practice English with you. Do you ask how to make him do it or what he wants?

Don't ask how can I make him do it? What don't you ask?

Don't ask how can I make him do it. And let's continue. >> Ask what does he want? A better job, a trip abroad.

Start from what he wants. Then walk slowly, step by step like the woman.

Final round. Do you ask what he wants?

Yes. Ask what does he want? Do you walk fast or slowly step by step?

Walk slowly, step by step, like the woman. What does he maybe want?

A better job, a trip abroad.

The grammar we practice today, subject pronouns. He pushes. He pulls. They push. It wants to stay.

Congratulations. You practiced 37 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's going to be a lot different. the grit. Oh,

that's not that's that's not reason, right?

Great.

The hard thing rule. >> The hard thing rule from the book Grit by Angela Duckworth. Hard thing bad day rule stop part daughter end tired. One family has a rule. It is called the hard thing rule.

Angela Duckworth made it for her family. She writes about it in grit.

Does one family [clears throat] have a rule?

Yes, one family has a rule. Did Angela Duckworth make it for her family or for her school?

Angela Duckworth made it for her family. What is their rule called?

It is called the hard thing rule. Their rule has three parts. Everyone follows them.

Part one. Everyone must do one hard thing. Mom and dad, too.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Does their rule have three parts?

Yes. Their rule has three parts. Do mom and dad do a hard thing too or only the children?

Everyone must do one hard thing. Mom and dad too. What is part one?

Everyone must do one hard thing.

A hard thing needs practice every day. It is not easy fun.

The mother's hard thing is her research. She also does yoga.

speaking. Does a hard thing need practice every day?

Yes. A hard thing needs practice every day. Is a hard thing easy fun or hard work?

It is not easy fun. What is the mother's hard thing? Her

hard thing is her research. >> The father's hard thing is his work. He also runs.

One daughter picked her hard thing. She practiced it every day.

is the father's hard thing. His work.

Yes. The father's hard thing is his work. Did the daughter practice every day or once a month?

She practiced it every day. Who picked her hard thing?

One daughter picked her hard thing. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> Part two. You can quit. You cannot quit on a bad day.

Wait for a natural stop. The end of a season is one.

Let's jump into it. Can you quit on a bad day?

No, you cannot quit on a bad day. Do you wait for a bad day or a natural stop?

Wait for a natural stop. What is one natural stop?

The end of the season is one. Listen, >> maybe you are asking what if I hate it?

What if I am tired? What if the teacher is hard?

speaking. >> Are you maybe asking what if I hate it?

Yes, maybe you are asking what if I hate it. Do you ask about a tired day or a happy day?

You ask what if I am tired? What else do you ask?

What if the teacher is hard?

>> That is a bad day. Bad days are part of every hard thing.

on a bad day. You go back and practice again.

website. >> Is that a bad day?

Yes, that is a bad day. On a bad day, do you stop or go back and practice?

On a bad day, you go back and practice again. What are bad days part of?

Bad days are part of every hard thing. >> That's amazing. >> At the natural stop, you can think, then you can change.

Part three. Many families forget this part.

Can you change at the natural stop?

Yes. At the natural stop, you can think, then you can change. Do many families forget part three or part one.

Many families forget this part. Part three. What do many families forget?

Many families forget this part. >> Shift. >> Nobody picks your hard thing for you. You pick it yourself.

The other daughter tried many things, sports, crafts, and more.

Does somebody pick your hard thing for you?

No, nobody picks your hard thing for you. Did the other daughter try one thing or many things?

The other daughter tried many things. Who picks your hard thing? You pick it yourself.

Each time she stayed until the natural stop.

Then she found one she loved. She kept it.

Did she stay until the natural stop?

Yes. Each time she stayed until the natural stop. Did she keep the thing she loved or quitted?

She found one she loved. She kept it. What did she find?

Then she found one she loved. >> Well done. >> She chose it herself, so she wanted to practice it.

Can you see the three parts working together?

You do something hard. You do not stop on a bad day.

Awesome. Did she choose it herself?

Yes, she chose it herself. Do you stop on a bad day or do you not stop?

You do not stop on a bad day. What can you see working together?

The three parts working together.

>> You chose it. So the hard work feels like yours.

Three parts. One short rule to keep.

Choose your hard thing. Do not quit on a bad day.

Does the hard work feel like yours?

Yes, you chose it so the hard work feels like yours. Is it one short rule or a long list?

And one short rule to keep. What is the rule?

Choose your hard thing. Do not quit on a bad day. >> Maybe your hard thing is English. Maybe it is speaking out loud.

Choose it yourself. Want to change it? Wait for the end of the month.

is your hard thing. Maybe English.

Yes. Maybe your hard thing is English. Do you wait for the end of the month or change it on a bad day? Wait for the end of the month. Who chooses your hard thing? Choose it yourself.

[sighs and gasps] >> Some days will be bad. You will be tired and want to stop.

On those days, remember the rule. Go back to it tomorrow.

Final round. >> Will some days be bad?

Yes, some days will be bad. Will you be tired or happy on those days?

You will be tired and want to stop. What do you remember on those days?

On those days. Remember the rule.

The grammar we practice today, possessive adjectives. Angela Duckworth made it for her family. Their rule has three parts. The mother's hard thing is her research. The father's hard thing is his work.

Congratulations. You practice 320 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Great job influence.

forchech. The blue stone. >> The blue stone from the book influence by Robert B. Chaldini. Price look worker note. Cut half blue time trip double. Look at this blue stone. It is called turquoise.

A woman had a jewelry shop in Arizona in America.

Is this blue stone called turquoise?

Yes, this blue stone is called turquoise. Is this stone blue or red?

This stone is blue. It is called turquoise. Where was the woman's shop? Her shop was in Arizona in America.

>> It was the busy season. Many visitors came to her shop every day.

She had some beautiful turquoise jewelry. These blue pieces were good quality.

Great. >> Did many visitors come to her shop?

Yes, many visitors came to her shop every day. Were these blue pieces good or bad quality?

These blue pieces were good quality. What did she have in her shop?

She had some beautiful turquoise jewelry.

The price was fair, but nobody bought it. Not one piece.

She moved it to the middle of the shop. Everyone could see it. Nothing.

speaking. Was the price fair?

Yes, the price was fair. Did many people buy it? or nobody.

Nobody bought it. Not one piece. Where did she move it?

She moved it to the middle of the shop. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> She asked her workers to show it to everyone. Still nothing.

Then she had to go away on a short trip.

Speaking skills Did her workers show it to everyone?

[sighs] Yes. She asked her workers to show it to everyone. Was it a short trip or a long trip? It was a short trip. What did she have to do?

She had to go away on a short trip. Before that trip, she wrote a note for a worker.

In that note, she wanted to cut the price in half.

Did she write a note before that trip?

Yes. Before that trip, she wrote a note for a worker. In that note, did she want to cut the price or double it?

In that note, she wanted to cut the price in half. Who was that note for? That note was for a worker. >> A few days later, she came back. She looked at the shelf.

It was empty. Every piece of turquoise was sold.

Stop here. What do you think happened?

Was the shelf full?

[sighs and gasps] No, the shelf was empty. Did she look at the shelf or at the door? She looked at the shelf. What happened to the turquoise?

Every piece of turquoise was sold. That's great. >> Maybe you think of course it was cheap now. Half price.

That is the easy answer. It is wrong.

The worker read the note. badly.

Let's jump into it. >> Is that easy answer? Right.

No, that is the easy answer. It is wrong. Did the worker read the note well or badly?

The worker read the note badly. What was the easy answer?

The easy answer was it was cheap. Now half price.

>> The worker did not cut the price. The worker doubled [clears throat] it.

Now it cost double the old price and it all sold.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did the worker cut the price?

No. The worker did not cut the price. The worker doubled it. Did it cost half or double the old price?

It cost double the old price. What happened at double the price

at double the price. It all sold. All right, back to the story. >> So why those visitors had money? They did not know much about turquoise.

They wanted good jewelry, so they used a simple rule.

Did those visitors have money?

Yes, those visitors had money. Did those visitors know much or little about turquoise? Those visitors did not know much about turquoise. What did they use?

They used a simple rule. >> Well done. The rule was a high price means good quality.

Most of the time this rule helps us. It saves time.

Does this rule help us most of the time?

Yes. Most of the time this rule helps us. Does this rule save time or money?

This rule saves time. What was the rule?

The rule was a high price means good quality.

>> This time the rule fooled them.

People often judge a thing by its price.

>> Let's jump into it. >> Did the rule help them this time?

No, this time the rule fooled them. Do people judge a thing by its price or by its color?

People often judge a thing by its price. Who did the rule fool this time?

This time the rule fooled those visitors.

They look at the number. They do not look closely at the thing.

A higher price feels safe. It does not always mean better.

Do they look closely [clears throat] at the thing?

No, they do not look closely at the thing. Do they look at the number or at the thing?

They look at the number. How does a higher price feel?

A higher price feels safe. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> This happens with English books, apps, and courses, too.

So, do not look only at the price. Look at what it does. Awesome.

Wait. Let's go. >> Does this happen with English courses, too?

Yes, this happens with English books, apps, and courses too. Do you look only at the price or at what it does?

Do not look only at the price. Look at what it does. What should you look at? Look at what it does. And let's continue. Before you pay, try one page or one lesson.

Then decide will this make my English better.

Let's jump into it. Do you try one lesson before you pay?

Yes. Before you pay, try one page or one lesson. Do you try one page or 10 pages?

Try one page or one lesson. What do you decide?

Decide. Will this make my English better?

The grammar we practice today. This, that, these, those. Look at this blue stone. These blue pieces were good quality. Before that trip, she wrote a note for a worker. In that note, she wanted to cut the price in half.

Congratulations. You practiced 36 words in this story and you learned a lot. Awesome.

Art of learning.

Oh my god.

The left hand. The left hand from the book The Art of Learning by Josh Weightskin. Hand left right. Doctor weak side learn strong champion sport crack. >> He hears [snorts] it in the middle of a match. His

name is Josh Weightskin. He has a broken right hand.

Does he hear a crack in the middle of a match?

Yes, he hears it in the middle of a match. Does he have a broken right hand or left hand?

He has a broken right hand. What is his name?

His name is Josh Weightskin.

His book, The Art of Learning, tells the story of this day.

As a boy, he was a chess champion. Now he does a sport called push hands.

Was he a chess champion as a boy?

Yes. As a boy, he was a chess champion. Does he do a sport now or only chess

now? He does a sport called push hands. What does his book tell?

His book tells the story of this day.

>> In this sport, two people push. Each one tries to make the other lose balance.

He is the national champion. The next national contest is in seven weeks.

>> Awesome. Let's go. Is he the national champion?

Yes, he is the national champion. In this sport, do two people push or run?

In this sport, two people push. When is the next national contest?

The next national contest is in seven weeks. >> Well done. I'm coming. >> Seven weeks left. He goes to the doctor.

The doctor looks at pictures of the bone. The news is bad.

Is the news good?

No, the news is bad. Does he go to the doctrine or to his teacher?

He goes to the doctor. What does the doctor look at?

The doctor looks at pictures of the bone.

The doctor says no, he cannot compete in the big contest.

What would you do? Stay at home? Wait for your hand.

Does the doctor say yes?

No. The doctor says no. Can he compete in the big contest or not?

He cannot compete in the big contest. Who says he cannot compete?

The doctor says he cannot compete in the big contest. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> He gets a cast on his arm. The next day, he trains again.

He keeps his right hand behind him. He trains [snorts] slowly with friends.

Does he train again the next day?

Yes. The next day he trains again. Does he train fast or slowly?

He trains slowly with friends. Where does he keep his right hand?

He keeps his right hand behind him. That's great. >> Now he has only one hand, his left hand. It is his weak hand.

Every day his left hand learns something new.

is speaking. >> Does he have two hands now?

No. Now he has only one hand. His left hand. Is his left hand his strong hand or his weak hand?

His left hand is his weak hand. What does his left hand learn every day?

Every day his left hand learns something new. >> It learns to stop a push. It learns to move a big man.

It even learns to eat with chopsticks. Awesome.

Does his left hand learn to eat with chopsticks?

Yes. It even learns to eat with chopsticks. Does it learn to move a big man or a small man?

It learns to move a big man. What does it learn to stop?

It learns to stop a push.

>> Five weeks left. His teacher gives him harder partners.

>> [sighs] >> They have two hands. He has one. They want to beat him. [snorts]

at first. It is very hard.

Do his new partners have two hands?

Yes, they have two hands. He has one. Does his teacher give him easier or harder partners?

His teacher gives him harder partners. How many weeks are left? Five weeks are left.

>> Then something strange happens. His one hand can stop their two hands. His

goal changes. Before he only wanted his old hand back.

Can his one hand stop their two hands?

Yes, his one hand can stop their two hands. Before did he want his old hand or a new one? Before

he only wanted his old hand back. What changes?

His goal changes. I'm super proud of you. >> Now he wants something new. A strong left hand.

4 days left. The doctor looks again. The bone is fine.

Does he want a strong left hand now?

Yes. Now he wants a strong left hand. Is the bone fine or still broken?

The bone is fine. How many days are left? Four days are left. >> That's amazing. >> On the big day, he has a strong left hand. He wins.

The broken hand took something from him. It also gave him something.

Does he win?

Yes, he wins. Is his left hand strong or weak on the big day

on the big day? He has a strong left hand. What did the broken hand do?

The broken hand took something from him. It also gave him something.

Maybe a problem closes your easy road. Then your weak side can grow.

You have a left hand in English too. Speaking, writing, listening

this week. Which weak side will you train?

Let's jump into it. >> Do you have a left hand in English, too?

Yes, you have a left hand in English, too. Can your weak side grow or does it stay weak?

Your weak side can grow. Which weak side will you train this week?

This week I will train my weak side.

The grammar we practice today have has. He has a broken right hand. Now he has only one hand. His left hand. They have two hands. He has one.

Congratulations. You practiced 312 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> I lost. That's amazing. Awesome.

Amazing. Awesome.

Let's go.

Social media,

native Fore

communication.

forch.

I will step.

But anyways, Tiny habits.

Alhamdulillah.

two push-ups push-ups. That's it. It's going to have a huge impact.

The sink. >> The sink from the book tiny habits by BJ Fog. Sink wash tiny habit need second easy plan clean evening a sink water soap Two clean hands.

You use a sink many times every day. So does everyone.

For one man, this sink changed his body.

Do you use a sink many times every day?

Yes. You use a sink many times every day. Are the two hands clean or dirty?

The two hands are clean. What did this sink change for one man?

For one man, this sink changed his body.

>> He is BJ Fog. He studies human habits at Stamford University.

He knows a lot about habits. He wanted to be stronger.

Great. Does he study human habits?

Yes, he studies human habits at Stamford University. Does he know a lot or a little about habits?

He knows a lot about habits. What did he want?

He wanted to be stronger. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. So he made a tiny rule for himself.

After he washes his hands, he does two push-ups.

Did he make a tiny rule for himself?

Yes, he made a tiny rule for himself. Does he do two push-ups or 20? He does two push-ups. When does he do two push-ups

after he washes his hands? He does two push-ups. >> All right, back to the story. Only two right there next to the sink on the floor.

Wash. Push. Push. Done. It takes a few seconds.

Then he smiles and feels good about it.

Does it take a long time?

No, it takes a few seconds. Does he do them next to the sink or in a gym?

He does them right there next to the sink. What does he do then?

Then he smiles and feels good about it. >> That's amazing. >> Why after washing his hands? Because he already does that every day.

He does not need a note on the wall. He does not need an alarm.

Does he need an alarm?

No, he does not need an alarm. Does he wash his hands every day or once a week?

He washes his hands every day. Why? After washing his hands,

he already washes his hands every day.

>> He does not even need to remember it.

The sink says, "Now it is time." Every single time,

Morning, afternoon, evening, the sink is always there.

Awesome. >> Does he need to remember it?

No. He does not even need to remember it. Is the sink there in the evening or only in the morning?

The sink is always there. Morning, afternoon, evening. What does the sink say?

The sink says now it is time. >> Well done. here and come in. >> Busy day or quiet evening, he still washes his hands.

So, the push-ups come too. He does not need a plan for them.

Let's jump into it. >> Does he wash his hands on a quiet evening?

Yes. Busy day or quiet evening, he still washes his hands. Does he need a plan or do the push-ups just come?

He does not need a plan. The push-ups come too. What comes to the push-ups come too.

The days went by. Two push-ups became easy. Slowly

he did a few more. He became stronger. that

speaking. >> Did two push-ups become easy?

Yes. Two push-ups became easy. Did he become stronger or weaker?

He became stronger. What did he do? Slowly.

Slowly. He [snorts] did a few more. >> I'm super proud of you. tiny habit grew by itself. He had no gym plan.

Many times a day the same small scene. Wash. Push. Push.

>> Did he have a gym plan?

No, he had no gym plan. Did the tiny habit grow by itself or with a big plan?

That tiny habit grew by itself. What is the same small scene?

The same small scene is wash push push. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. The sink does the remembering for him. Clean hands, then push-ups.

attach a tiny new habit to something you already do.

Does the sink do the remembering for him?

Yes. The sink does the remembering for him. Do you attach a tiny habit or a big habit?

Attach a tiny new habit to something you already do. What comes after clean hands?

After clean hands, the push-ups come.

Try this with your English. What do you already do every day?

You eat breakfast. You lock your car. You close your door.

Do you eat breakfast every day?

Yes. You eat breakfast every day. Do you close your door or your window? You close your door. What do you already do every day?

I eat breakfast. I lock my car. I close my door. Pick one. Then add one tiny English habit after it.

For example, after breakfast, I say three English words.

Do you add a tiny English habit after it?

Yes, you add one tiny English habit after it. After breakfast, do I say three English words or three pages?

After breakfast, I say three English [clears throat] words. How many do you pick? You pick one. And let's continue. Tiny, easy, done in a few seconds. Like his push-ups.

Tomorrow after breakfast, your plate goes in the sink.

Then three English words out loud. The sink will remind you.

Let's jump into it. Is it easy?

Yes, it is tiny and easy. Is it done in a few seconds or a few hours?

It is done in a few seconds like his push-ups. Where does your plate go after breakfast?

After breakfast, your plate goes in the sink.

The grammar we practice today, present simple. You use a sink many times every day. He studies human habits at Stanford University. After he washes his hands, he does two push-ups. It takes a few seconds.

Congratulations. You practiced 306 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Oh, it's all working.

The mindset,

growth mindset,

It's It's such a great book.

Not you. Not you from the book Mindset by Carol S. Dwick. List team. Choose. School. Train. Player. College. Basketball. Leave. Score. A school hallway. A list on the wall. A boy stops and reads it.

It is 1978. This is the list for the school basketball team. Awesome.

Does the boy stop and read the list?

Yes. The boy stops and reads it. Is this the list for the basketball team or the chess team?

This is the list for the school basketball team. What year is it?

It is 1978. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> He reads it once. He reads it again. The name Michael Jordan is not there.

He leaves school and goes home. [sighs] In his room, he cries.

Does he find his name on the list?

No. He does not find his name. [sighs and gasps] It is not there. Does he stay at school or leave school?

He leaves school and goes home. What does he do in his room?

In his room, he cries.

>> His mother talks to him. She tells him to work harder.

So he makes a choice. He does not stop. He trains.

Does he stop?

No. He does not stop. He trains. Does his mother tell him to stop or to work harder?

She tells him to work harder. Who talks to him? His mother talks to him

>> every morning. He leaves home early and trains before school.

He practices the same moves again and again.

A year later, his name is on the team list.

speaking. Does he train before school?

Yes. Every morning he trains before school. Does he leave home early or late?

He leaves home early. Where is his name? A year later.

A year later, his name is on the team list. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. Maybe it was the list. Maybe the list made him hungry.

1981. He dreams of one college team. That team does not choose him.

Does that college team choose him?

No. that team does not choose him. Does he dream of a college team or a school team?

He dreams of one college team. What made him hungry? Maybe

maybe the list made him hungry.

Another college takes him. He does not slow down. He trains even harder there.

There he makes the winning shot in a big final.

>> Awesome. Let's go. Does he slow down at the new college?

No, he does not slow down. He trains even harder there. Does another college take him or no college?

Another college takes him. What does he make in a big final?

He makes the winning shot in a big final. >> I'm super proud of you. >> 1984. Now his goal is the NBA, America's top league.

the teams choose new players one by one.

Is his goal the NBA now?

Yes. Now his goal is the NBA. Do the teams choose players one by one or all at once?

The teams choose new players one by one. What year is it now?

It is 1984. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> The first team does not choose him. The second team does not choose him.

Then the third team says yes [applause] it is Chicago.

>> Does the first team choose him?

No, the first team does not choose him. Does the second team or the third team say yes.

The third team says yes it is Chicago. What is the third team?

The third team is Chicago.

>> Three times someone looks at him and says, "Not you.

Each time he does the same thing, he goes back to the gym.

speaking skills. >> Does he stop after a no?

No, he does not stop. He goes back to the gym. Does this happen two times or three times?

Three times someone looks at him and says, "Not you." Where does he go each time?

Each time he goes back to the gym,

Carol Dwek tells this story in her book Mindset.

She says he worked harder than almost anyone

today. Many people call him the best basketball player ever. Awesome.

>> Does Carol Dwick tell this story in her book?

Yes, [gasps] Carol Dwek tells this story in her book Mindset. Is he the best basketball player or the best chess player?

Many people call him the best basketball player ever. What does she say about him?

She says he worked harder than almost anyone. That's great. The boy from the list. Three [snorts] nos. And the gym every time.

The list does not say who he is. It says what to work on.

Does the list say who he is?

No, the list does not say who he is. Does the list say who he is or what to work on?

It says what to work on. Who is the boy from the list?

The boy from the list is Michael Jordan. >> Well done. A no is information. It is not the end.

Maybe you got a low English score. Maybe a teacher said no.

Let's jump into it. Is a no the end.

No. A no is not the end. It is information. Is the English score low or high.

Maybe you got a low English score. What is a no? A no is information. >> All right. That score hurts. It is fine to feel it.

Then do not ask am I good enough?

Ask what is this list telling me to train?

Let's jump into it. >> Does Ed score hurt?

Yes, that score hurts. It is fine to feel it. Do you ask if you are good or what to train?

Do not ask if you are good enough. Ask what to train. What is this list telling you?

This list is telling me what to train.

The grammar we practice today. Present simple negative. He does not stop. That team does not choose him. He does not slow down. The first team does not choose him.

Congratulations. You practiced 314 words in this story and you learned a lot. Yes.

This is amazing. And

What happened? The hotel door. The hotel door from the book Alibaba by Duncan Clark. Morning. Hotel boy city ride early question listen year foreign it was early morning in Hanjo a city in China.

A boy of about 12 got on his bicycle.

Was it early morning in Hjo?

Yes, it was early morning in Hjo, a city in China. Is Hjo a city in China or in Japan?

Hanjo is a city in China. What did the boy get on?

The boy got on his bicycle. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> He rode for about 40 minutes. Where did he go?

Not to school. He went to a big hotel.

speaking. Did he ride to school?

No, not to school. He went to a big hotel. Did he ride for 40 minutes or 4 hours?

He rode for about 40 minutes. Where did he go?

He went to a big hotel.

>> Foreign visitors stayed at this hotel. They spoke English.

The boy waited at the hotel for them early every morning.

Did foreign visitors stay at this hotel?

Yes. Foreign visitors stayed at this hotel. Did the visitors speak English or Chinese? They spoke English. When did the boy wait at the hotel?

He waited at the hotel early every morning.

In those years, few people in his city spoke English.

The boy wanted to learn English very much.

Did the boy want to learn English?

Yes, the boy wanted to learn English very much. Did few people or many people in his city speak English.

In those years, few people in his city spoke English. How much did the boy want to learn English?

He wanted to learn English very much. So he went to the visitors. He made them an offer.

He showed them his city for free. They talked with him in English.

Did he show them his city for free?

Yes, he showed them his city for free. Did they talk with him in English or in Chinese?

They talked with him in English. What did he make them? He made them an offer.

>> A free tour for them, free English for him. Does that sound smart?

At first it was not easy. English was hard for him.

speaking. Does that sound smart?

Yes, a free tour for them. Free English for him. Was English easy or hard for him at first?

At first, English was hard for him. What did the visitors get?

The visitors got a free tour. >> That's amazing. He listened. He asked questions. He tried every day.

The next morning he rode to the hotel again.

And the morning after that. And the morning after that,

did he listen and ask questions?

Yes, he listened. He asked questions. Did he ride to the hotel again or stay at home?

The next morning he rode to the hotel again. When did he try?

He tried every day.

He did this for years, not days, not weeks. Yes.

One of his foreign friends gave him an English name.

Did he do this for only a few days?

No, he did this for years. Did he do this for weeks or for years?

He did this for years, not weeks. Years. Who gave him an English name?

One of his foreign friends gave him an English name. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> His Chinese name was hard for the friend to say.

Later the boy grew up and became an English teacher.

Was his Chinese name easy for the friend to say?

No, his Chinese name was hard for the friend to say. Did the boy become an English teacher or a doctor?

The boy became an English teacher. What was hard for the friend.

His Chinese name was hard for the friend to say.

Let's keep it up. >> Years later, he started a small internet company with friends.

That company grew very big. It helps people buy and sell online.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Did he start a small internet company with friends?

Yes. Years later, he started a small internet company with friends. Did that company stay small or grow very big?

That company grew very big. What does the company help people do?

It helps people buy and sell online. Do you know who he is? Maybe you do.

The boy on the bicycle was Jack Ma. He started Alibaba, one of the biggest companies in China.

Do you know the boy's name now?

Yes. The boy on the bicycle was Jack Ma. Did he start Alibaba or a hotel?

He started Alibaba, one of the biggest companies in China. What is Alibaba?

Alibaba is one of the biggest companies in China.

>> Every morning the same road. Every morning the same door.

Jack did not wait for English to come to him.

He went to English. He went every day.

Did Jack wait for English to come to him?

No, Jack did not wait for English to come to him every morning. Was it the same road or a new road?

Every morning it was the same road. How often did he go to English?

He went to English every day. All right. And you do you [clears throat] wait for English or do you go to it?

Where does English live near you? online, at work, in a club.

Go there early, [clears throat] listen and ask questions. Find your hotel door.

Let's jump into it. Do you wait for English?

No, I do not wait for English. I go to it. Does English live near you or only far away?

English lives near me online, at work, in a club. What do you do there?

I go there early. I listen and I ask questions.

The grammar we practiced today, present simple questions. Does that sound smart? Do you know who he is? Do you wait for English or do you go to it? Where does English live near you?

Congratulations. You practiced 305 words in this story and you learned a lot. Congratulations.

Awesome mindset.

Growth mindset.

It's It's such a great book.

The brace. The brace from the book Mindset by Carol S. Dwick. Weak leg girl help run finish sick hospital where bus Rome 1960 a young woman won her third gold medal. [cheering]

People called her the fastest woman in the world.

Her name was Wilmer Rudolph. She was from America.

Did she win her third gold medal in Rome?

Yes. In Rome in 1960, she won her third gold medal. Was she from America or from Rome?

She was from America. What did people call her?

People called her the fastest woman in the world. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> Now go back to the start. It does not start with running.

It starts with a little girl. She was often sick. [cough and clears throat]

Does her story start with running?

No, it does not start with running. It starts with a little girl. Was the little girl often sick or often well? She was often sick. Who does the story start with?

It starts with a little girl. She was often sick. >> When she was very young, she got polio.

Polio is a sickness. It can make legs weak.

Her left leg became very weak. It turned in.

Let's jump into it. >> Did her left leg turn in?

Yes. Her left leg became very weak and it turned in. [clears throat] Did she get polio when she was young or old?

She got polio when she was very young. What can polio do to legs?

Polio can make legs weak. She had to wear a metal brace. It held her leg.

Doctors said she might never walk well again.

Did she have to wear a metal brace?

[sighs and gasps] Yes. She had to wear a metal brace. It held her leg. Was the brace metal or wood? It was a metal brace. What did the doctor say?

Doctors said she might never walk well again.

>> Think about that. A sick little girl wearing a heavy brace every day.

Her family helped. It was a big family and it was poor.

Did her family help?

Yes, [sighs] her family helped. Was her family big or small?

It was a big family and it was poor. What did the little girl wear every day?

She wore a heavy brace every day.

Let's keep it up. The hospital was far away. Her mother took her there by bus.

The bus trip was long. They travel to the hospital again and again for years.

Was the hospital near her home?

No, the hospital was far away. Did they travel by bus or by car?

They traveled by bus. Her mother took her there by bus. How long did they travel to the hospital?

They traveled to the hospital again and again for years. >> I'm super proud of you. >> At home, the family rubbed her weak leg every day.

Wilmer did her exercises [sighs] day after day, year after year.

Did the family rub her weak leg every day? [clears throat]

Yes. At home, the family rubbed her weak leg every day. Did they rub her leg at home or at the hospital?

They rubbed her leg at home. What did Wilmer do day after day?

Wilmer did her exercises day after day, year after year.

>> At about 12, she took off the brace. She walked without it.

Walking was not enough. She played basketball and she ran.

Did she walk without the brace?

Yes. At about 12, she took off the brace. She walked without it. Did she play basketball or tennis?

She played basketball and she ran. When did she take off? the brace.

At about 12, she took off the brace.

She was fast, very fast. A coach saw her and helped her train.

At 16, she ran in her first Olympics. She won a medal. [cheering]

Awesome. Did a coach help her train?

Yes, a coach saw her and helped her train. Was she 16 or 20 at her first Olympics?

She was 16. At 16, she ran in her first Olympics. What did she win at her first Olympics? She won a medal.

She trained hard for years. Every year she got faster.

Then came Rome. Three races, three gold medals. [cheering]

The girl with the weak leg won the more.

Let's jump into it. >> Did she train hard for years?

Yes, she trained hard for years. Every year she got faster. Did she win one gold medal or three in Rome?

She won three gold medals. The girl with the weak leg won them all. How many races were there in Rome?

There were three races and she won them all.

>> Her story did not start at the finish line. It started with a brace.

The doctors saw a weak leg. They did not see the years of work.

speaking skills. >> Did her story start at the finish line?

No, her story did not start at the finish line. It started with a brace. Did the doctors see the weak leg or the years of work?

The doctors saw a weak leg. They did not see the years of work. What did her story start with?

It started with a brace.

And this is true for more than legs.

Your English may feel weak today. That is fine.

That is not the end of your story. It is the start.

It kill him. >> Is this true only for legs?

No. This is true for more than legs. Is a weak start the end of your story or the start.

It is not the end of your story. It is the start. How may your English [sighs] feel today?

Your English may feel weak today. That is fine. >> That's amazing. Okay, let's jump into it and come >> say five English sentences out loud today. Then again tomorrow.

So remember your start is not your finish.

Final round. >> Do you say the sentences out loud?

Yes. Say five English sentences out loud today. Is your start your finish or only your start?

Your start is not your finish. When do you say them again?

Say them again tomorrow.

The grammar we practice today, past simple, regular verbs. People called her the fastest woman in the world. Her family helped. They traveled to the hospital again and again for years. At home, the family rubbed her weak leg every day.

Congratulations. You practiced 316 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Fore

it's going to be a lot

My name is I am 21 years old. I have a diploma in networking from the college of telecom and information. I also completed the English foundation course with English.

Mhm. [clears throat]

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foreign

Mhm. Alhamdulillah.

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foreign.

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India.

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vocabulary.

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speech. I guess.

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yourself.

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no English.

Awesome.

It's something amazing. It's something totally crazy.

Fine, let's go. The fourth rocket. The fourth rocket from the book Elon Musk by Walter Isacson. Rocket. Try. Fail. Go. Find. Take. Dream. Reach. Earth. [clears throat] Island. 2006. 2007. 2008. Three rockets, three failures.

The company was Space X. Elon [snorts] Musk started it with his own money.

He had a big dream. He wanted his rockets to reach space.

Did Elon Musk start SpaceX with his own money?

Yes, he started it with his own money. Did he have a big dream or a small dream?

He had a big dream. He wanted his rockets to reach space. How many rockets failed?

Three rockets failed. Three rockets. Three failures. >> That's great. >> His first rocket was small. Its name was Falcon 1.

The first falcon went up in 2006. Soon it caught fire and fell.

Did the first falcon catch fire?

Yes. Soon it caught fire and fell. Was his first rocket big or small? His first rocket was small. When did the first go up?

The first falcon went up in 2006.

The team was very sad. [sighs] It took a whole year. Then they tried again.

The second rocket went higher. Then it had a problem and failed.

Awesome. Did it take a whole year to try again?

>> Yes. It took a whole year. Then they tried again. Did the second rocket go higher or lower?

The second rocket went higher. What happened to the second rocket?

It had a problem [clears throat] and failed. In 2008, they tried a third time. It failed too.

Three rockets, three failures. Millions of dollars were gone.

Many people thought the dream was finished.

Did the third rocket fail too?

Yes. In 2008, they tried a third time. It failed too. Did people think the dream was finished or just starting?

Many people thought the dream was finished. What was gone?

Millions of dollars were gone. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> The money was almost gone. There was money for one more rocket.

Only one more. This was the last try. No rocket. No Space X.

Was this the last try?

Yes. This was the last try. No rocket, no Space X. Was the money almost gone or was there a lot?

The money was almost gone. What was there money for?

There was money for one more rocket. >> Musk did not stop. He and his team worked day and night.

They looked hard at the third rocket. They found the problem.

Did Musk [clears throat] stop?

No. Musk did not stop. He and his team worked day and night. Did they work in the day only or day and night?

They worked day and night. What did they find?

They looked hard at the third rocket. They found the problem. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Then they built the fourth rocket in a few weeks.

They took it to a small island in the ocean.

I have your job. >> Did they build the fourth rocket in a few weeks?

Yes, they built the fourth rocket in a few weeks. Did they take it to a small island or a big city?

They took it to a small island in the ocean. Where was the small island?

The small island was in the ocean. That's amazing. >> 28th September 2008, the fourth rocket went up from the island.

The team watched the screens. It went up and up and up.

speaking skills. >> Did the fourth rocket go up in 2008?

Yes. The fourth rocket went up from the island in 2008. Did the team watch the screens or the sea?

The team watched the screens. How did the rocket go?

It went up and up and up.

This time it did not fail. It reached space and went around the earth.

The team cheered. Their small company did what big countries do.

Did the fourth rocket fail?

No, this time it did not fail. It reached space. Did it go around the moon or around the earth? It went around the earth. What did the team do?

The team cheered.

Read that number again. Four. Not one. Not three. Four.

Walter Isaxson tells this story in his book Elon Musk.

Great. >> Is the number [sighs] three?

>> No, not one, not three. The number is four. Does Walter Isaxson tell this story in a book or a letter?

He tells this story in his book Elon Musk. Which number do you read again?

Read that number again. [sighs] Four. >> Well done. >> After this rocket, Space X grew. Today, its rockets fly around the Earth all the time.

And all of it came from the fourth try.

Did SpaceX grow [clears throat] after this rocket?

Yes. After this rocket, Space X grew. Did it all come from the first try or the fourth try?

All of it came from the fourth try. Where do its rockets fly today?

Today, its rockets fly around the Earth all the time.

Many people stop after one failure. Some stop after two.

Your English has failures too. A test, a class, a plan.

Too many people stop after one failure.

Yes, [gasps and sighs] many people stop after one failure. Does your English have fakers or only wins?

Your English has failures too. What failures does your English have?

Your English has failures, too. A test, a class, a plan.

Look at each failure like the team did. What did you find?

The next try may be the one that works.

Fail three times. Good. Now get ready for try four.

Let's jump into it. Do you look at each failure?

Yes. Look at each failure like the team did. Is the next try the end or the one that works?

The next try may be the one that works. What do you get ready for now?

Now get ready for try for

the grammar we practice today. Past simple irregular verbs. Soon it caught fire and fell. The second rocket went higher. Many people thought the dream was finished. They found the problem.

Congratulations. You practiced 317 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Great job. How to win friends and influence people by Carnegie.

[clears throat]

It really helps.

Two mornings. >> Two mornings from the book How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Cariegi. >> Smile. Wife. Home. Breakfast. Say, tell. Happy. Angry. Kind station. A small thing changed one man's home in two months.

The man was William Steinhard. He worked at the stock market in New York.

Did a small thing change his home?

Yes, a small thing changed one man's home in two months. Did he work at the stock market or at a school?

He worked at the stock market in New York. Who was the man?

The man was William Steinhart. >> Well done. Here is the first morning. It was the same for 18 years.

[gasps] He got up. He did not smile.

Awesome. Wait, let's go. >> Did he smile on the first morning?

No, he got up. He did not smile. Was it the same for 18 years or 18 days?

It was the same for 18 years. What did he not do in the morning?

He did not smile.

>> He ate breakfast with his wife. He did not say much.

He went to work. He did not smile at anyone.

>> Did he say much at breakfast?

No, he ate breakfast with his wife. He did not say much. Did he smile at everyone at work or at no one?

He did not smile at anyone. Who did he eat breakfast with?

He ate breakfast with his wife at work. He did not say kind things about people.

Then he joined a class. The teacher was Dale Carnegie.

Did he say kind things about people at work?

No. At work, he did not say kind things about people. Did he join a class or a club? He joined a class. Who was the teacher?

The teacher was Dale Carnegie. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. His homework was simple. Smile at people every day for a week.

>> [laughter] >> A smile that is too small, you say. What can it change?

>> Was his homework simple?

Yes, his homework was simple. Was the homework to smile for a week or a year.

His homework was to smile at people every day for a week. What do you say about a smile?

Huh? That is too small. You say He decided to try it just for one week.

Here is the second morning. He looked in the mirror.

He told himself to smile and to start right now.

Did he try it for one week?

Yes, he decided to try it just for one week. Did he look in the mirror or out of the window?

He looked in the mirror. What did he tell himself?

He told himself to smile and to start right now.

At breakfast, he smiled at his wife. He said, "Good morning.

She was very surprised. She did not understand why.

He told her this is every morning now.

Did his wife understand? Why?

No. She was very surprised. She did not understand why. Did he smile at his wife at breakfast or at night?

At breakfast, he smiled at his wife. What did he tell her?

He told her, "This is every morning now. >> I'm super proud of you." >> He went out. He smiled at the man at the door

at the train station. He smiled at the ticket man.

Did he smile at the man at the door?

Yes. He smiled at the man at the door. Was the ticket man at the station or at the office?

The ticket man was at the train station. [clears throat] Where did he smile at the ticket man?

at the train station. He smiled at the ticket man.

>> At work he smiled at people. Soon they smiled back.

When people came with a problem, he listened and smiled.

The problems became easier to fix.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Did people smile back?

Yes. Soon they smiled back. Did the problems become easier or harder to fix?

the problems became easier to fix. What did he do when people came with a problem?

He listened and smiled. That's great. >> He also stopped saying bad things about people. He said good things more.

A young man at his office told him something.

>> Did he stop saying bad things?

Yes, he stopped saying bad things about people. Did he say good things more or less?

He said good things more. Who told him something?

A young man at his office told him something.

At first he thought Steinhart was a very angry man.

Now he did not see an angry man. He saw a kind man who smiled.

Did the young man see an angry man now?

No. Now he did not see an angry man. He saw a kind man. At first, did he think Steinhart was angry or kind.

At first he thought Steinhart was a very angry man. What did he see now?

He saw a kind man who smiled. All right, back to the story. >> Two months passed. His home was happier than in the whole year before.

same man, same home, same work. A happier life.

Let's jump into it. >> Was his home happier after 2 months?

Yes, his home was happier than in the whole year before. Was it a different man or the same man?

It was the same man with a happier life. How many months passed? Two months passed. And let's continue. A smile is small. You choose it again every day.

Try this tomorrow. Smile at home, at work. and at the station.

Say good morning in English to three people. Then count the smiles that come back.

Final round is a smile Big.

No. A smile is small. You choose it again every day. Do you say good morning to three people or 10?

Say good morning in English to three people. Where do you smile tomorrow?

Smile at home. at work and at the station.

The grammar we practice today, past simple, negative. He did not smile. He did not say much. He did not smile at anyone. at work. He did not say kind things about people.

Congratulations. You practiced 318 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Congratulations. Build to last.

>> [laughter] >> Jimchee.

He is

the free medicine. The free medicine from the book Built to Last by Jim Collins and Jerry I Porus. Medicine. People free. River. Skin. Blind. Give child choice. Government. This is a story about a medicine. Nobody paid for it.

In parts of Africa, there are small black flies. They live near fast rivers.

Did anybody pay for the medicine?

No, nobody paid for it. Do the flies live near rivers or in cities?

They live near fast rivers. Where are the small black flies

in parts of Africa there are small black flies. incoming. >> The flies bite people, even children. They put tiny worms in their bodies.

The worms move under the skin. The skin itches all day.

Can the flies bite children?

Yes, the flies bite people, even children. >> [clears throat] >> Do the worms move under the skin or on the hair?

The worms move under the skin. How long does the skin itch?

The skin itches all day. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> Then the worms reach the eyes. Many people slowly go blind.

People call it river blindness. It hits very poor villages.

Can many people go blind?

Yes. Many people slowly go blind. Does it hit rich villages or poor villages?

It hits very poor villages. What do people call it? People

call it river blindness.

company found an answer. The company was Merc.

People take it once a year. It can stop the illness.

>> Can the midson stop the illness?

Yes, it can stop the illness. Do people take it once a year or every day?

People take it once a year. Which company found an answer?

The company was MC. Let's jump into the Let's keep it up. >> It can save children and adults from going blind.

But there was a problem. The sick people had no money. [sighs]

Awesome. >> Was there a problem?

Yes, there was a problem. The sick people had no money. Can it save only children or adults too?

It can save children and adults from going blind. Why was there a problem?

The sick people had no money. That's great. >> Merc asked rich governments to buy the medicine for them.

No government bought it. Time passed.

Every day without the medicine more people lost their sight.

Did a government buy the medicine?

No. No government bought it. Did Merc ask rich governments or poor villages?

Merc asked rich governments to buy the medicine. What happened every day without the medicine?

Every day without the medicine [clears throat] more people lost their sight.

>> Now imagine you are Roy Velis, the boss of Merc.

Your company is a business. It needs money to pay its workers.

Are you the boss of Merc in this story?

Yes. Imagine you are Roy Vagelos, the boss of Merc. Is your company a business or a school? Your company is a business. What does your company need money for?

It needs money to pay its workers. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> You spent a lot of money to find it. Poor villages can't pay you.

What will you do? Stop, wait, or forget it.

Can poor villages pay you?

>> No. Poor villages can't pay you. Did you spend a little money or a lot?

You spend a lot of money to find it. What do you ask yourself?

What will you do? Stop, wait, or forget it. >> In 1987, [clears throat] he made his choice.

Merc will give the medicine away for free.

Did he make his choice?

Yes. In 1987, he made his choice. Will Merc sell the medicine or give it away?

Merc will give the medicine away for free. When did he make his choice?

He made his choice in 1987.

The promise was simple. as much as needed. For as long as needed,

Merc still keeps that promise today. It never stopped.

Does Murk still keep that promise?

Yes. Merc still keeps that promise today. Was the promise simple or hard? The promise was simple. What was the promise?

as much as needed for as long as needed. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Every year, the free medicine reaches many millions of people.

Some countries now have no river blindness at all.

Awesome. Does the free medicine reach many people?

Yes. Every year it reaches many millions of people. Do some countries have river blindness now or none?

Some countries now have no river blindness at all. How often does the free medicine reach people?

Every year the free medicine reaches many millions of people.

>> You can read about this choice in Built to Last. Years

before, George Murk said this about his company.

>> Awesome. Let's go. Can you read about this choice in a book?

Yes, you can read about this choice in Built to Last. Did George Murk speak years before or years after?

Years before George Murk said this about his company. Who said this about his company?

George Murk said this about his company. >> All right, back to the story. >> Medicine is for the people. It is not for the profitable.

and he said the prophets follow. His company did well.

is medicine for the prophets.

No, medicine is for the people. It is not for the profits. Did his company do well or badly? His company did well. What follows? The prophets follow. >> That's amazing. Let's jump into it. >> So, help people first. The rest can come later.

Your English can be a free gift like that medicine.

So, what can your English give away this week?

Final round. >> Can your English be a free gift?

Yes, your English can be a free gift like that medicine. Do you help people first or later?

Help people first. The rest can come later. What can come later?

The rest can come later.

The grammar we practice today can can't. It can stop the illness. It can save children and adults from going blind. Poor villages can't pay you. You can read about this choice in Built to Last. Congratulations.

You practiced 309 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's amazing. Awesome.

Amazing.

Start with why.

for

the bicycle shop. The bicycle shop from the book Start with Why by Simon Synynic. Plane fly shop famous brother test reason newspaper crash beach. Today, planes fly over our heads. Every day,

it all starts in a small bicycle shop in Ohio.

Awesome.

Do planes fly over our heads every day?

Yes, today planes fly over our heads every day. Does it start in a big shop or a small bicycle shop?

It all starts in a small bicycle shop in Ohio. Where is the bicycle shop?

The small bicycle shop is in Ohio.

names were Wilbur and Orville Wright.

They never went to college. They had no famous friends.

speaking. >> Did the brothers have famous friends?

No, they had no famous friends. Did two brothers or two friends run the shop? Two brothers ran the shop. What were their names? Their

names were Wilbur and Orville Wright.

>> The money from their bicycle shop paid for their plane.

They believed flying could change the world. That was their reason, their why.

speaking skills. >> Did the shop pay for their plane?

Yes, the money from their bicycle shop paid for their plane. Could flying change the world or change nothing?

They believed flying could change the world. What was their reason

flying could change the world? That was their reason, [clears throat] their why. That's great. >> They wanted to learn everything. They read every book about flying.

They tested, failed, fixed the plane and tested again.

Did they want to learn everything?

Yes, they wanted to learn everything. Did they read every book about flying or one book?

They read every book about flying. What did they do again and again?

They tested, failed, fixed the plane, and tested again. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. They crashed many times, so they took extra parts to every test.

Crash. Fix. Try again. Year after year.

>> Awesome. Let's go. >> Did they crash many times?

Yes, they crashed many times. Did they take extra parts or extra food to every test?

They took extra parts to every test. How long did they try again?

They tried again. year after year.

>> Now think for a moment. Another man wanted to fly first.

His name was Samuel Langley. He was a famous scientist.

Did another man want to fly first?

Yes, another man wanted to fly first. Was Samuel Langley a famous scientist or a shopman?

He was a famous scientist. What did Langley want to do?

He wanted to fly first. >> That's amazing. He had an important job in Washington. The government gave him $50,000.

He had famous friends, the best workers and tools.

Did the government give him money?

Yes. The government gave him $50,000. Did he have an important job in Washington or Ohio?

He had an important job in Washington. What did he have?

He had famous friends, the best workers and tools. >> Well done. Newspaper writers followed him everywhere. Everyone wanted to see his plane.

In late 1903, he tested his plane two times.

Great. >> Did everyone want to see his plane?

Yes. Everyone wanted to see his plane. Did newspaper writers follow him or the brothers?

Newspaper writers followed him everywhere. How many times did he test his plane

in late 1903? [clears throat] He tested his plane two times.

Both times it fell into the river. Newspapers love. [laughter]

9 days later. It was 17th December.

On a cold, windy beach, the brothers flew.

Did the newspapers laugh at Langley?

Yes. Newspapers laughed at him. Did his plane fall into the river or onto the beach?

Both times it fell into the river. Where did the brothers fly?

On a cold, windy beach, the brothers flew.

But it changed the world.

The bicycle men from Ohio were the first to fly.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Was the flight very long?

No, it was a very short flight over the beach. Were the bicycle men first or second to fly?

The bicycle men from Ohio were the first to fly. >> What did the short flight change?

>> It changed the world.

And Langley, he had a choice. Learn from them and try again.

He did not He stopped his work on planes. He never tried again.

Awesome. Did Langley try again?

No, he did not. He never tried again. Did he learn from them? or stop his work.

[sighs] He stopped his work on planes. What choice did he have?

He had a choice. Learn from them and try again. >> All right, back to the story. >> Maybe he only wanted to be first and famous. The brothers wanted to fly.

money helps. Friends help. A strong reason keeps you going.

Did the brothers want to fly?

Yes, the brothers wanted to fly. Did Langley maybe want to be famous or to fly?

Maybe he only wanted to be first and famous. What keeps you going?

>> A strong reason keeps you going.

This story comes from Simon Syninek's book, Start with Why.

Look up at the next plane. It started in that shop.

Does this story come from a book?

Yes, this story comes from Simon Synynx book start with why. Did the next plane start in that shop or in Washington?

It started in that shop. What do you look up at?

Look up at the next plane. >> Congratulations So don't ask do I have enough money and help.

Ask why do I want to learn English? Then write your answer down.

Let's jump into it. Do you ask about money first?

No, don't ask. Do I have enough money and help? Do you ask about money or about why

ask why do I want to learn English? What do you do after you ask?

Then write your answer down.

The grammar we practice today want to plus verb. They wanted to learn everything. Another man wanted to fly first. Everyone wanted to see his plane. Maybe he only wanted to be first and famous.

Congratulations. You practiced 309 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's all working.

Alhamdulillah. Foreign

speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.

I

for

give me rest to feed. Awesome.

Delivering happiness. Guess you know

online.com

for

speaking Right. >> The button boy from the book delivering happiness by Tony Sheay. Button make work round. magazine, project, photo, teach, kid, dollar, a big online shoe shop called Zapos. Many people love it.

In 2009, Amazon bought it. The price was over $1 billion.

Do many people love Zapos?

Yes, many people love it. Was the price $1 billion or $1 million?

The [gasps] price was over $1 billion. What did Amazon buy?

Amazon bought Zapos, a big online shoe shop.

was a man named Tony Sheay.

His business story does not start with shoes. It starts with buttons.

Awesome. Wait. Let's go. >> Does his story start with shoes?

No, it does not start with shoes. Does it start with buttons or with books?

It starts with buttons. [clears throat] Who was the boss of Zapos?

The boss of Zapos was Tony Shay. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. These buttons are small and round. You wear them on your shirt.

Tony was in middle school then about 12 years old.

Are the buttons round?

Yes, these buttons are small and round. Do you wear them on your shirt or on your shoes?

You wear them on your shirt. How old was Tony then?

Tony was about 12 years old. >> All right, back to the story. >> He read a magazine for boys. In it, he saw an ad.

The ad sold a small machine for making round buttons. [clears throat]

speaking. Did he read a magazine for boys?

Yes, he read a magazine for boys. Did the ad sell a machine or a book?

The ad sold a small machine for making round buttons. What did he see in the magazine? He saw an ad. He got the money from his parents and bought it.

Then he put his own ad in the same magazine.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Did he get the money from his parents?

Yes, he got the money from his parents. Did he put his ad in the same magazine or a new one?

He put his own ad in the same magazine. [clears throat] What did he buy?

He bought the small machine for making buttons. >> That's great. >> Kids could send him a photo and a little money.

He made a photo button and sent it back.

Let's jump into it. >> Could kids send him a photo?

Yes, kids could send him a photo and a little money. Did he make a photo button or a photo book?

He made a photo button and sent it back. What did kids send him?

Kids sent him a PTO and a little money.

>> At first, a few letters came. Kids loved the photo buttons.

Soon he got about 10 orders a day.

Awesome. Did kids love the photo [snorts] buttons?

Yes, kids loved the photo buttons. Did he get 10 orders a day? or a week.

He got about 10 orders a day. How many letters came at first?

At first, a few letters came. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> Every day after school, he made buttons at home. He liked the work.

He made about $200 a month. That was a lot for a boy.

Did Tony like the work?

Yes, he liked the work. Did he make buttons at home or at school?

He made buttons at home after school. How much did he make a month?

He made about $200 a month. Now you may say buttons. I like big companies, not small buttons.

Yes, it was small, but small work can teach big lessons.

Can small work teach lessons?

Yes, small work can teach big lessons. Was the work big or small? It was small. What may you say?

You may say I like big companies, not small buttons.

>> Think about what this small project taught a young boy.

How to find people who want to buy. How to make things well.

Did this small project teach a young boy?

Yes. This small project taught a young boy. Did he learn to make things well or fast?

He learned how to make things. Well, who did he need to find?

He needed to find people who want to buy.

>> How to count costs. How to keep a promise to a customer.

How to do the same work well day after day.

Did he learn to keep a promise to a customer?

Yes, he learned how to keep a promise to a customer. Did he do the work once or day after day?

He did the same work. Well, day after day, what did he learn to count?

He learned how to count costs.

>> Those buttons taught him real business.

You do not need a big company to start learning.

Do you need a big company to start learning?

No, you do not need a big company to start learning. Did the buttons teach him business or cooking? Those

buttons taught him real business. What taught him real business? Those buttons taught him real business.

>> Your English can have a small project too, like his buttons.

Do you love a topic? Write one short English post every week.

Can your English have a small project?

Yes, your English can have a small project too. Do you write one post every week or every year?

You write one short English post every week. What do you write about?

I write about a topic I love. And let's continue. Years later, he wrote it all down in delivering happiness.

A billion dollar boss started with a small round button. What is your button?

Final round. Did he write it all down? in delivering happiness.

Yes. Years later, he wrote it all down in delivering happiness. Did he start with a round button or a big shop?

He started with a small round button. Who started with a small round button?

A billion dollar boss started with a small round button.

The grammar we practice today like love. Many people love it. Kids loved the photo buttons. He liked the work. I like big companies, not small buttons.

Congratulations. You practiced 305 words in this story and you learned a lot.

This is amazing. How to stop worrying and start living. Allah

[laughter]

spilled Spilled milk from the book How to Stop Worrying and Start Living by Dale Cariegi. Milk. Teacher. Student. Worry. Forget. Bring glass. Cry. Careful. Peace. Picture a glass bottle of milk on a teacher's desk.

It was right at the edge of the desk. Everyone could see it.

Is the bottle of milk on a teacher's desk?

Yes. A glass bottle of milk is on a teacher's desk. Was it at the edge or in the middle of the desk?

It was right at the edge of the desk. Who could see it? Everyone could see it. >> One of the students was a boy named Alan Saunders.

Years later, he told Dale Carnegie about that class.

>> Was Alan Saunders one of the students?

Yes, he was one of the students. [sighs] Did he tell Dale Carnegie or his mother?

He told Dale Carnegie about that class. When did he tell Dale Carnegie

years later he told Dale Carnegie about that class? That's great. He was only a teenager, but he was already a big warrior.

Allan worried all the time. He worried about his mistakes.

Did Alan worry all the time?

Yes, Alan worried all the time. [clears throat] Was he a big worrier or a happy boy?

He was a big warrior. What did he worry about?

He worried about his mistakes. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> After every test, he lay awake at night. Did I pass?

He thought about his words again and again. Why did I say that?

>> Awesome. Wait, let's go. >> Did he lie awake at night after a test?

Yes. After every test, he lay awake at night. Did he think about his words or his food?

He thought about his words again and again. What did he ask after every test?

He asked, "Did I pass?" [sighs]

>> That morning, the students sat down. They looked at the milk.

Why was it there? This was a health class, not a food class. Awesome.

Did the students look at the milk?

Yes. The students looked at the milk. Was it a health class or a food class?

It was a health class, not a food class. What did the students do that morning?

The students sat down and looked at the milk. That's amazing. >> Suddenly the teacher Mr. Brandwine stood up.

He pushed the bottle into the sink. Crash.

The glass broke into pieces. The milk ran down the drain.

Did the teacher push the bottle into the sink?

Yes, he pushed the bottle into the sink. Did the glass break or stay in one piece?

The glass broke into pieces. Where did the milk go?

The milk ran down the drain.

Then he shouted, "Don't cry over spilled milk."

He called the students to the sink. "Take a good look," he said.

He wanted them to remember this all their lives.

Did the teacher shout, "Don't cry over spilled milk."

Yes, he shouted, "Don't cry over spilled milk. Did he say take a good look or go home?

He said, "Take a good look." Where did he call the students?

He called the students to the sink.

>> The milk was gone. Nothing in the world could bring it back.

being careful first can save the milk. He said

>> could anything bring the milk back?

No, nothing in the world could bring it back. Can being careful or being fast save the milk?

Being careful first can save the milk. What can save the milk?

Being careful first can save the milk. >> I'm super proud of you. Now it was too late. All they could do was move on.

Years [sighs] later, Allan forgot much of his schoolwork.

Let's jump into it. >> Was it too late?

Yes. Now it was too late. Did Allan forget his schoolwork or the milk?

Helen forgot much of his schoolwork. What could they do?

All they could do was move on. >> He never forgot the pieces of broken glass.

It stayed with him longer than his Latin or math.

Did he forget the pieces of broken glass?

[sighs] No, he never forgot the pieces of broken glass. Did it stay longer than his mouth or shorter?

It stayed with him longer than his Latin or math. What did he never forget?

He never forgot the pieces of broken glass.

>> It taught him two things. First, be careful. Do not spill the milk.

Second, when it is spilled, let it go.

speaking. >> Should you be careful first?

Yes. First, be careful. Do not spill the milk. When milk is spilled, do you cry or let it go?

When it is spilled, let it go. How many things did it teach him?

It taught him two things. >> The teacher was right about the milk.

A mistake that is done is spilled milk.

Was the teacher right about the milk?

Yes, the teacher was right about the milk. Is a done mistake spilled milk or new milk?

A mistake that is done is spilled milk. Who was right about the milk?

The teacher was right about the milk. Crying over it will not bring back one drop.

Learn from it. Then move to your next action.

Awesome. Will crying bring back one drop?

No. Crying over it will not bring back one drop. Do you cry over it or learn from it,

learn from it, then move to your next action. What do you do after you learn from it?

Move to your next action. >> All right. >> Did you make a mistake in English today? A wrong word. A bad test.

Do not worry. That milk is gone. The next sentence is still [snorts] yours.

Final round. Did you make a mistake in English today?

[gasps] Yes, I made a mistake in English [clears throat] today. Should you worry or say your next sentence?

Do not worry. The next sentence is still yours. What is still yours?

The next sentence is still yours.

The grammar we practice today, imperatives. Picture a glass bottle of milk on a teacher's desk. Then he shouted, "Don't cry over spilled milk." "Take a good look," he said. "First, be careful."

Congratulations. You practiced 309 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Congratulations.

Awesome. First things first. First things first.

First things first.

Okay.

The big rocks. >> The big rocks from the book First Things First by Steven R. CVY A. Roger Medal and Rebecca R. Merrill. Jar. Rock. Full. Put space. Water. Fill. Fit. Simple. Matter. A big glass jar stood on a table. It was empty.

It was a class about time. A teacher stood next to the jar. Was

the jar on a table?

Yes. A big glass jar stood on a table. Was the jar full or empty? It was empty. Where did the teacher stand?

A teacher stood next to the jar.

Next to it were some rocks. Each was as big as a hand.

He put the rocks in the jar one by one.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Were the rocks next to the jar?

Yes. Next to it were some rocks. Did he put the rocks in the jar or on the floor?

He put the rocks in the jar one by one. How big was each rock?

Each was as big as a hand. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> Soon, no more rocks could go in. Then he asked his question.

>> [clears throat] >> Is this jar full? Everyone looked. Yes, they said. It is fall.

Did they say the jar was full?

Yes, they said it is full. Could more rocks go in or no more rocks?

No more rocks could go in. What did the teacher ask?

He asked, "Is this jar full? Listen. >> The teacher smiled. Under the table was a bucket of small stones.

He poured them in. and shook the jar a little.

Was a bucket under the table.

Yes. Under the table was a bucket of small stones. Did he shake the jar or break it?

He shook the jar a little. What did he pour in?

He poured in small stones. Awesome. The small stones went into the spaces between the rocks.

Is the jar full now? Maybe not. The class said,

>> let's jump into it. >> Did the stones go between the rocks?

Yes, the small stones went into the spaces between the rocks. Did the class say yes or maybe not?

Maybe not. The class said, "Where did the small stones go?

They went into the spaces between the rocks. That's great. Good. Next, he poured sand on top. The sand filled the smaller spaces.

Then he poured some water into the jar, too.

Did he pour water into the jar?

Yes, he poured some water into the jar, too. Did he pour sand on top or under the jar?

He poured sand on top. What did the sand fill?

The sand filled the smaller spaces.

>> Now the jar was really full. Nothing more could go in.

What is the point? One man in the class had a simple answer.

Was the jar really full now?

Yes. Now the jar was really full. Was the man's answer simple or long?

One man in the class had a simple answer. Who had an answer?

One man in the class had a simple answer.

>> He said, "There are always spaces. You can always fit more in.

The teacher said no. That was not the lesson.

Did the man say you can always fit more in?

Yes. He said you can always fit more in. Did the teacher say yes or no?

The teacher said no. What did the man say about spaces?

He said there are always spaces.

The lesson was this. Put the big rocks in first.

If you do not, they will never fit.

Do you put the big rocks in first?

Yes. Put the big rocks in first. Will the rocks fit later or never?

If you do not put them in first, they will never fit. What was the lesson?

Put the big rocks in first.

>> Steven Cavy put this jar in first things first.

The rocks are what matters most in your life.

speaking skills. Did Steven CVY put this jar in first things first?

Yes. Steven CVY put this jar in first things first. Are the rocks what matters most or the sand?

The rocks are what matters most in your life. What are the rocks?

The rocks are what matters most in your life.

The stones, sand, and water are the small things.

messages, small jobs, things that seem to need you now. They do not matter much.

Let's jump into it. Do messages matter much.

No, they do not matter much. Are the stones, sand, and water big things or small things?

The stones, sand, and water are the small things. What are the small things?

messages, small jobs, things that seem to need you now. Chicken ass. [sighs and gasps] >> Most days we fill our jar with small things first.

At night there is no space for the big rocks.

at night. Is there space for the big rocks?

No. At night there is no space for the big rocks. Do we fill our jar with small things or big rocks first?

Most days we fill our jar with small things first. What do we fill our jar with?

We fill our jar with small things first. >> All right, back to the story. >> So, make a simple plan for tomorrow.

Before you open your phone, choose one big rock.

Great. Is the plan simple?

Yes. Make a simple plan for tomorrow. Do you choose a big rock before or after your phone?

Before you open your phone, choose one big rock. When is the plan for?

The plan is for tomorrow.

>> Maybe it is 30 minutes of English. Do it first.

Then let the sand fill the rest of your day.

Final round. Do you do your big rock first?

Yes. Do it first. Is your big rock English or messages?

Maybe it is 30 minutes of English. What can fill the rest of your day?

The sand can fill the rest of your day.

The grammar we practice today. Prepositions of place. A big glass jar stood on a table. A teacher stood next to the jar. Next to it were some rocks. He put the rocks in the jar one by one.

Congratulations. You practiced 296 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's going to be a lot different. The obstacle is the way. Oh my god.

Obstacles.

for us.

That's an amazing concept. The little house. The Little House from the book The Obstacle is the Way by Ryan Holiday. Family. Farm. Land. Winter. Storm. Snow. Story. Sky. Dark. Hot. In 1869, little Laura sits in a wagon.

The wagon moves across the wide flat land of Kansas. Her

father wants a farm. The family wants a new home.

Does little Laura sit in a wagon in 1869?

Yes. In 1869, little Laura sits in a wagon. Is the land of Kansas flat or high?

The land of Kansas is wide and flat. What does her father want?

Her father wants a farm. The land is hard. Life is hard. The family keeps going.

Years pass. Now the family lives in Minnesota by a small river.

>> Awesome. Wait. Let's go. >> Is the land hard?

Yes, the land is hard. Does the family live by a river or by the sea?

The family lives in Minnesota by a small river. What does the family do?

The family keeps going. Well done. >> The wheat is tall and green. It is almost ready.

Then the sky goes dark. It is a cloud of locust.

Does the sky go dark?

Yes, the sky goes dark. Is it a cloud of rain or a cloud of locusts?

It is a cloud of locusts. What color is the wheat?

The wheat is tall and green. >> That's amazing. So many insects come down. They eat everything.

Her father walks far away to work on other farms.

The family has almost nothing. They work and they wait.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Do the insects eat everything?

Yes, they eat everything. Does her father work on other farms or in a shop? Her

father walks far away to work on other farms. What does the family have?

The family has almost nothing. >> I'm super proud of you. >> In 1880, the family lives in a small Dakota town.

In the winter, the snow does not stop. Storm after storm comes.

In the winter does storm after storm come?

Yes. In the winter, storm after storm comes. Does the snow come in the winter or in the summer?

In the winter, the snow does not stop. Where does the family live in 1880?

In 1880, the family lives in a small Dakota town.

The trains cannot come. The town has very little food.

There is no wood. So they burn twisted dry grass.

On dark days, teenage Laura twists grass with her father.

On dark days does Laura twist grass.

Yes. On dark days, teenage Laura twists grass with her father. Do they burn wood or grass?

They burn twisted dry grass. What does the town have? [snorts]

The town has very little food.

>> In spring, the snow stops. The train comes. The family lives.

Later she has her own family and her own farm.

>> Great. In spring does the snow stop.

Yes, in spring the snow stops. Does she have her own farm or no farm?

Later she has her own family and her own farm. What comes [clears throat] in spring

in spring the train comes.

Hard years come again. In hot summers, the sky gives no rain.

a fire sickness. They move again even to hot Florida.

In hot summers, does the sky give rain?

No. In hot summers, the sky gives no rain. Do they move to hot Florida or cold Dakota?

They move again even to hot Florida. What comes again?

Hard years come again.

>> For years the goal is the same. A farm, a home, food.

Around 1930, she is in her 60s. She has a new goal.

Let's jump into it. >> Is she in her 60s around 1930?

Yes, around 1930 she is in her 60s. Is the goal a farm or a castle?

The goal is a farm, a home, food. What does she have around 1930?

She has a new goal. All right, back to the story. She sits down and writes about those hard years,

the wagon, the locusts, the [snorts] long winter, the small houses.

Does she write about the long winter?

Yes, she writes about the long winter. Does she write about easy years or hard years?

She writes about those hard years. What does she do?

She sits down and writes about those hard years. In 1932, her first Little House book comes out. She is 65.

Ryan Holiday writes about her. His book is The Obstacle is the Way.

speaking. >> Does her first book come out in 1932?

Yes. In 1932, her first Little House book comes out. Is she 25 or 65?

She is 65. Who writes about her?

Ryan Holiday writes [clears throat] about her. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. He says she saw each hard place as an adventure.

I think this is the useful part. Her hard years were not wasted.

speaking skills. >> Were her hard years wasted?

No, her hard years were not wasted. Did she see each hard place as an adventure or a prison?

She saw each hard place as an adventure. What is the useful part?

Her hard years were not wasted. >> Congratulations They became her best stories. Your hard years can become stories too.

Now picture your own hardest year with English.

What story could that [clears throat] hard year become one day?

Final round. Can your hard years become stories, too?

Yes. Your hard years can become stories, too. Did her hard years become her best stories or her worst?

They became her best stories. What story could your hardest year become?

My hardest year with English could become a story one day.

The grammar we practice today, prepositions of time. In 1869, little Laura sits in a wagon. In 1880, the family lives in a small Dakota town. In the winter, the snow does not stop. On dark days, teenage Laura twists grass with her father. Congratulations. You practiced 317 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Great job.

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WhatsApp.

Fluent in three months.

It's a very nice book. Six months in Spain. Six months in Spain. From the book [clears throat] Fluent in Three Months by Benny Lewis. Speak. Mistake. Language. Live. Month. Afraid. True. Nice. Bathroom. Believe. Many people believe one thing. live in a country and you learn its language.

Just be there and the language comes to you.

Do many people believe one thing.

Yes. Many people believe one thing. Do you live in a country or visit it?

live in a country and you learn its language. What comes to you? The language comes to you.

It is a nice idea. People love it because it sounds easy.

Is it true? I think the real story is more useful.

Is it a nice idea

Yes, it is a nice idea. Does it sound easy or hard? It sounds easy. Why do people love it? People

love it because it sounds easy.

>> In 2003, a young Irish man moved to Spain. He was 21. His

name was Benny Lewis. He wanted to speak Spanish.

Did Benny want to speak Spanish?

Yes, he wanted to speak Spanish. Was he 21 or 41?

He was [clears throat] 21. Where did he move in 2003?

In 2003, he moved to Spain. >> I'm super proud of you. He lived in the city of the Lencia. Spanish was all around him.

He went to Spanish classes. They were not cheap.

Did he live in Valencia?

Yes, he lived in the city of Valencia. Were his classes cheap or not cheap? They were not cheap. What was all around him?

Spanish was all around him.

>> He studied every day. He learned many new words.

Six months passed. Could he speak Spanish? No.

Could he speak Spanish after six months?

No. After six months, he could not speak Spanish. Did he study every day or every month? [snorts]

He studied every day. What did he learn?

He learned many new words

>> in a shop. He could not even ask the price.

He could not ask where the bathroom was.

Why? He was afraid of mistakes. So he did not speak.

Was he afraid of mistakes?

Yes, he was afraid of mistakes. Could he ask where the bathroom was or not?

>> [sighs and gasps] >> He could not ask where the bathroom was. What could he not ask in a shop

in a shop? He could not even ask the price. [clears throat] >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> And English was easy. So with friends [laughter] he spoke English.

He lived in Spain, but he lived in English.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did he live in Spain but live in English?

Yes, he lived in Spain, but he lived in English with friends. Did he speak English or Spanish?

with friends. He spoke English. Why did he speak English?

English was easy, so he spoke English. Awesome. So, do not believe this nice idea. Being there is not enough.

At a gathering, he [laughter] met a man with many languages. Awesome.

Let's go. Is this nice idea to

No, being there is not enough. Should you believe this idea or not?

Do not believe this nice idea. Who did he meet at a gathering?

He met a man with many languages. The man's secret was simple. He was not afraid of mistakes.

Benny made a new rule for himself. No more English.

Was the man afraid of mistakes?

No, he was not afraid of mistakes. Was the secret simple or hard?

The man's secret was simple. What was Benny's new rule?

His new rule was no more English. That's amazing. >> He spoke Spanish with everyone, even when it was bad.

He made many mistakes every day and he kept speaking.

Every mistake taught him something new.

speaking skills. >> Did he make mistakes and keep speaking?

Yes. He made many mistakes every day and he kept speaking. Did he speak Spanish with everyone or with no one?

He spoke Spanish with everyone. What did every mistake teach him?

Every mistake taught him something new. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> His Spanish grew fast. Months later, the bathroom question was easy.

Later he learned many more languages the same way. His

book, Fluent in Three Months, tells this story.

Awesome. months later. Was the bathroom question easy?

[laughter] Yes. Months later, the bathroom question was easy. Did his Spanish grow fast or slowly?

His Spanish grew fast. What book tells this story? His

book fluent in three months tells this story. >> Here is what is true. Speaking is how you learn to speak.

Being near a language is not using it.

Is speaking how you learn to speak.

Yes. Speaking is how you learn to speak. is being near a language using it or not.

Being near a language is not using it. What is true

Speaking is how you learn to speak.

>> Maybe you study English, but in class you speak Arabic.

Try one small test this week. One hour English only. No Arabic.

speak, make mistakes, and see what happens to your English.

Final round. >> Is there Arabic in the test?

No. 1 hour English only. No Arabic. In class, do you speak English or Arabic?

Maybe you study English, but in class you speak Arabic. What do you do in the test?

Speak. make mistakes and see what happens to your English.

The grammar we practice today and but or live in a country and you learn its language. Just be there and the language comes to you. He lived in Spain, but he lived in English. He made many mistakes every day and he kept speaking.

Congratulations, you practiced 304 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Awesome.

The snowball

warren

like snowball.

Oh my god. Warren Buffett.

Paid in cash. >> Paid in cash from the book The Snowball by Alice Schroeder. Fear course wall pay cash university come public degree important. Look at this office wall. There is no university degree on it.

There is a paper from a short speaking course. Awesome.

Talk to us more. Okay, let's go. >> Is there a university degree on the wall?

No, there is no university degree on it. Is the paper from a university or from a short course?

The paper is from a short speaking course. What is on the office wall?

There is a paper from a short speaking course.

This is the office of Warren Buffett. He is a very famous investor.

Why is this paper so important to him? The answer starts with fear.

Is this the office of Warren Buffett?

Yes, this is the office of Warren Buffett. Is he a famous investor or a famous teacher?

He is a very famous investor. What does the answer start with?

The answer starts with fear. Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> As a young man, Warren had a big fear.

He was afraid to speak in front of people.

He did everything he could to not speak in public.

Did young Warren have a big fear?

Yes. As a young man, Warren had a big fear. Was he afraid to speak or afraid to read?

He was afraid to speak in front of people. Where did he try not to speak?

He did everything he could to not speak in public. One day he saw a course for public speaking. He signed up.

He stopped his payment. He did not go because the fear came back.

Did he sign up for a course for public speaking?

Yes. He saw a course for public speaking and he signed up. Did he go or did he stop his payment?

He stopped his payment and he did not go. Why did he not go?

He did not go because the fear came back. That's great. >> You may think some people are shy. That is fine.

But Warren knew something. He needed to speak because he sold stocks.

Are some people shy?

Yes, some people are shy. That is fine. Did Wallan sell stocks or sell cars?

Warren sold stocks. Why did he need to speak?

He needed to speak because he sold stocks. His city was Omaha. He had to talk to many people there.

So he found the course again. This time he had a plan.

Awesome. Was his city Omaha?

Yes, his city was Omaha. Did he talk to many people or to no people?

He had to talk to many people there. What did he have this time?

This time he had a plan.

He paid $100 and he paid in cash.

Why cash? Because cash does not come back. He had to go.

Did he pay in cash?

Yes, he paid $100 and he paid in cash. Did he pay $10 or $100?

He paid $100. Why did he pay in cash?

Because cash does not come back. He had to go. >> Now there was only one way forward.

He went because the money was gone. The room was full of scared people.

is speaking. >> Was there only one way now?

Yes. Now there was only one way forward. Was the room full of happy people or scared people?

The room was full of scared people. Why did he go?

He went because the money was gone.

Every week they stood up and spoke. Every week it got easier.

At the end of the course, Warren got his paper.

How did it get harder every week?

No. Every week it got easier. Did they sit or did they stand up and speak?

Every week they stood up and spoke. What did Warren get at the end of the course?

At the end of the course, Warren got his paper. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. >> Soon he did something bigger. He started to teach night classes.

He feared speaking. Now he taught a class. Years

later he became very rich and very famous.

Great. Did he start to teach night classes?

Yes. He started to teach night classes. Did he fear speaking or did he love speaking?

He feared speaking. Now he taught a class. What did he become years later?

Years later, he became very rich and very famous. >> Well done. He has two university degrees. They are not on his wall.

He says that small course is his most important degree.

Are his university degrees on his wall?

No, they are not on his wall. Does he have two degrees or three degrees?

He has two university degrees. What is his most important degree?

He says that small course is his most important degree. >> I'm super proud of you. You can read this in the snowball by Alice Schroeder.

He paid first because then fear could not stop him.

What do you fear in English? Speaking maybe.

thought. >> Can you read this in the snowball?

Yes, you can read this in the snowball by Alice Schroeder. Did he pay first or pay last? He paid first. Why did he pay first?

He paid first because then fear could not stop him. >> That's amazing. Let's jump into pay for the class today before fear can say no.

One day your paper can be on your wall too.

Let's jump into it. Can your paper be on your wall one day?

Yes. One day your paper can be on your wall, too. Do you wait or do you pay for the class today?

Pay for the class today before fear can say no. What can say no?

Fear can say no.

The grammar we practice today because he did not go because the fear came back. He needed to speak because he sold stocks because cash does not come back. He went because the money was gone.

Congratulations. You practiced 38 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's amazing. Awesome.

Amazing. Purple cow.

What?

The Purple Cow. The Purple Cow from the book Purple Cow by Seth Goden. Cow. Brown. Green field. Beautiful. C. Answer. Safe. I window. Look at this. A green field. A brown cow. Beautiful, right?

>> [sighs and gasps] >> Now look at a second cow and a third and a hund more.

Is there a green field?

Yes. Look at this. A green field and a brown cow. Is the cow brown or purple?

It is a brown cow. How many more cows do you look at?

You look at a second cow, a third, and a hundred more. Here

is a small puzzle. When do you stop looking? Years ago, Seth Goden drove through France. His family was with him.

Let's jump into it. Is there a small puzzle?

Yes. Here is a small puzzle. Did Seth Goden drive through France or Spain?

He drove through France. Who was with him? His family was with him. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Next to the road were green fields. Hundreds of cows ate grass there.

At first, everyone in the car loved them. [laughter] They were so pretty.

Were there green fields next to the road?

Yes. Next to the road were green fields. Did the cows eat grass or sleep?

Hundreds of cows ate grass there. What did everyone in the car love at first?

At first, everyone in the car loved the cows.

>> They looked out of the windows. They said how beautiful the cows were.

Kilometer after kilometer they watched the cows

Did they look out of the windows?

Yes. They looked out of the windows. Were the cows beautiful or ugly?

They said the cows were beautiful. What did they watch? Kilometer after kilometer.

They watched the cows. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> Then something happened. Can you guess what it was?

After about 20 minutes, nobody looked at the cows anymore.

Did something happen?

Yes, something happened. Did they stop after 20 minutes or 2 hours?

>> [sighs and gasps] >> After about 20 minutes, nobody looked at the cows. Who looked at the cows after 20 minutes?

Nobody looked at the cows anymore.

The cows did not change at all. They were still beautiful.

So what changed? The easy answer is that the family got tired.

Did the cows change?

No, the cows did not change at all. Were the cows still beautiful or ugly now?

They were still beautiful. What is the easy answer?

The easy answer is that the family got tired.

>> He saw something more useful. The new cows were just like the old cows.

When everything looks the same, our eyes stop seeing it.

Were the new cows like the old cows?

Yes, the new cows were just like the old cows. Did he see something useful or something funny?

He saw something more useful. What do our eyes do when everything looks the same?

Our eyes stop seeing it.

something amazing becomes normal. Then it becomes boring.

Now imagine one more cow in the field. A purple cow

is speaking. Does something amazing become normal?

Yes. Something amazing becomes normal. Then it becomes boring. Is the new cow brown or purple?

It is a purple cow. Where is the purple cow?

The purple cow is in the field. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. Would the family look? Yes. Every eye would go to the window.

He has a word for this remarkable. It means worth talking about.

Great. >> Would the family look at a purple cow?

Yes. Every eye would go to the window. Is his word for this remarkable or beautiful?

His word for this is remarkable. What does remarkable mean?

It means worth talking about. >> Many businesses are brown cows. They are good, safe, and easy to forget. His

message is simple. If you are not remarkable, you are invisible.

Are many businesses brown cows?

Yes, many businesses are brown cows. Are brown cows safe or exciting?

They are good, safe, and easy to forget. What is his simple message? [sighs and gasps]

If you are not remarkable, you are invisible.

>> Now look at your English. Many students give the same answers.

In a speaking test, they say the same safe sentences.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Do many students give the same answers?

Yes. Many students give the same answers. Do they say safe sentences or new sentences?

They say the same safe sentences. Where do they say safe sentences?

In a speaking test, they say the same safe sentences. >> That's great. >> The teacher hears them all day long. They are brown cows.

Brown is fine, [clears throat] but brown is easy to forget.

Let's jump into it. >> Does the teacher hear them all day long?

Yes, the teacher hears them all day long. Are they brown cows or purple cows?

They are brown cows. What is the problem with brown?

Brown is easy to forget. >> One real story from your life. One clear example, one true opinion.

Any one of these can be your own purple cow.

Awesome. Can one real story be your purple cow?

Yes, it can be your own purple cow. Is it a true opinion or a safe opinion?

It is one true opinion. What can be your own purple cow?

One real story from your life can be your own purple cow. >> And let's continue. Soon you will answer in English again, in class or in a test.

Before you speak, ask what will be my purple cow.

Let's jump into it. >> Do you ask a question before you speak?

Yes. Before you speak, ask what will be my purple cow? Will you answer in English or in Arabic?

Soon you will answer in English again. What do you ask before you speak?

Ask what will be my purple cow.

The grammar we practice today, adjectives before nouns. A green field, a brown cow. Next to the road were green fields. The new cows were just like the old cows.

Congratulations. You practiced 311 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's all working.

How to stop worrying and start living.

Good morning, sir. Good morning, sir. From the book, How to Stop Worrying and Start Living by Dale Cariegi. Man, street walk. Poor rich. Sorry. Ground bank lift head. A quiet street in a small American town. It was a spring morning.

A man walked slowly down the street. His name was Hadold Abbott. Awesome.

Was the street quiet?

Yes, it was a quiet street in a small American town. Was it a spring morning or a winter night?

It was a spring morning. What was his name?

His name was Harold Abbott. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. Dale Cariegi tells his story. It is in how to stop worrying and start living.

His head was down. He looked at the ground. He walked like a beaten man. [sighs and gasps]

Was his head down?

Yes, his head was down. Did he look at the sky or at the ground?

He looked at the ground. How did he walk?

He walked like a beaten man. It was 1934. For 2 years he had a small food shop.

The Saturday before the shop closed, he lost all his money.

Let's jump into it. Was it 1934?

Yes, it was 1934. Was it a food shop or a bookshop? [clears throat]

He had a small food shop. What happened the Saturday before?

The Saturday before the shop closed. He also had big debts to pay.

That morning he walked to the bank.

He needed money to look for work in another city.

How did he walk to the bank that morning?

Yes. That morning he walked to the bank. Did he need money or food?

He needed money to look for work. Where did he want to look for work?

He needed money to look for work in another city.

He was sad and tired. [sighs] He felt sorry for himself.

Then he saw another man coming down the street.

Was he sad and tired?

[sighs and gasps] Yes. He was sad and tired. Did he feel sorry for himself or happy? He felt sorry for himself. Who did he see coming down the street?

He saw another man coming down the street.

This man had no legs. He sat on a small wooden board.

The board had little wheels. He pushed the ground with wooden blocks.

speaking. >> Did this man have legs?

No. This man had no legs. Was the board big or small?

He sat on a small wooden board. What did he push with wooden blocks?

He purified the ground with wooden blocks.

>> Now what do you feel? Maybe you feel sorry for him. Poor

man. You think his life is so hard.

Do you feel sorry for him?

Yes. Maybe you feel sorry for him. Is his life easy [clears throat] or hard?

You think his life is so hard? What do you think?

Poor man. You think He crossed the street. He lifted himself up to the sidewalk.

Then their eyes met. The man gave a big smile. [snorts]

Speaking. Did he lift himself up to the sidewalk?

Yes. He lifted himself up to the sidewalk. Did the man give a big smile or a sad look?

The man gave a big smile. What did he cross?

He crossed the street.

and he said, "Good morning, sir. It is a fine morning, isn't it?"

Harold stood still. He looked at the man.

Was it a fine morning?

Yes. The man said it was a fine morning. Did Harold walk away or stand still?

Harold stood still. What did the man say?

He said, "Good morning, sir."

>> Now the picture changed. Who was the poor man here?

Harold had legs. He could walk. He was rich.

Awesome. Wait. Let's go. >> Was Harold rich.

Yes, Harold had legs. He was rich. Could Harold walk or could he not walk?

Harold had legs. He could walk. What question does the story ask?

Who was the poor man here? [clears throat] >> He felt ashamed. This man had no legs and he was happy.

He thought if that man can smile, I can too.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Was the man with no legs happy?

Yes, this man had no legs and he was happy. Did Harold feel proud or ashamed?

He felt ashamed. What did Harold think?

If that man can smile, I can too.

>> He lifted his head. He walked into the bank like a new man.

He spoke with a strong voice. Soon he had a job in the new city.

Did he lift his head?

Yes, he lifted his head. Did he walk into the bank like a new man or a beaten man?

He walked into the bank like a new man. What did he have soon?

Soon he had a job in the new city. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. >> Two legs made Harold rich. So, first count what you have.

Then only then count what you do not have.

Did two legs make Harold rich?

Yes. Two legs made Harold rich. Do you first count what you have or what you do not have?

First count what you have. When do you count what you do not have?

Then only then count what you do not have. >> All right. Try this tonight. Write three things you can do in English.

Maybe you can say hello. Maybe you can readability this story.

Let's jump into it. Can you read this story?

Yes. Maybe you can read this story. Do you try this tonight or next year? Try this tonight. What do you write?

Write three things you can do in English.

The grammar we practice today was were. It was a spring morning. His head was down. He was sad and tired. Who was the poor man here?

Congratulations. You practiced 38 words in this story and you learned a lot.

This is amazing.

Yeah.

Alhamdulillah.

for

Alhamdulillah. Alhamdulillah.

Alhamdulillah.

speaking skills.

and so on.

The everything store. Jeff, Amazon,

Penny. The knee pads. >> Knee pads from the book The Everything Store by Brad Stone. Person floor. Idea. Boss. Table. Soft. Pack. Knee. late smart. It is late at night in 1995. The floor is hard concrete.

There are boxes everywhere. And there are books everywhere. Awesome.

Are there boxes everywhere?

Yes, there are boxes everywhere. Is it late at night or early in the morning?

It is late at night in 1995. What is the floor?

The floor is hard concrete. That's great. A few people kneel on the floor. They pack books into boxes.

The company is very new. Its website opened a few weeks ago.

Do a few people kneel on the floor?

Yes. A few people kneel on the floor. Do they pack books or food?

They pack books into boxes. When did the website open?

Its website opened a few weeks ago. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Orders come from all over the world. There are too many.

One of the packers is the boss. His name is Jeff Bezos.

Awesome. >> Are there too many orders?

Yes. Orders come from all over the world. There are too many. Is one of the packers the boss or a new worker?

One of the packers is the boss. What is the boss's name?

His name is Jeff Bezos. >> All right, back to the story. >> It is very late. His back hurts. His [sighs and snorts] knees hurt.

He turns to the person next to him. He has an idea.

>> [sighs and gasps] >> Is it very late?

Yes, it is very late. [clears throat] Do his knees hurt or feel fine?

His back [clears throat] hurts. His knees hurt. Who does he turn to?

He turns to the person next to him.

Picture your own knees on that floor. What would help,

a hard floor, painful knees? There are many boxes. What do they need?

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Are there many boxes?

Yes, there are many boxes. Is the floor hard or soft? It is a hard floor. What do you picture?

Picture your own knees on that floor.

Jeff says his answer. We need knee pads.

Knee pads are soft covers for your knees.

It sounds like a good idea. Soft knees. Same work.

Are knee pads soft?

Yes. Knee pads are soft covers for your knees. Does Jeff want knee pads or new boxes?

Jeff says his answer. We need knee pads. How does the idea sound?

It sounds like a good idea.

>> Then the person next to him looks at him.

This person says they do not need knee pads. They need packing tables.

Does the person say they need knee pads?

No. This person says they do not need knee pads. Do they need knee pads or packing tables?

They need packing tables. Who looks at Jeff?

The person next to him looks at him. >> Tables. A smart idea. Then nobody has to work on the floor.

Jeff is the boss and a very smart man.

Is Jeff a smart man?

Yes, Jeff is the boss and a very smart man. Is it a smart idea or a bad idea

tables? It is a smart idea. Where does nobody have to work now?

Nobody has to work on the floor.

>> But there is a better idea. It is the worker's idea.

The next day they buy packing tables.

Is there a better idea?

Yes, there is a better idea. Is it the boss's idea or the worker's idea?

It is the worker's idea. What do they buy the next day?

The next day they buy packing tables.

>> Now there are no knees on the floor. They pack two times faster. Years later, Jeff often shares this story. The knee pad's part is his

speaking skills. Are there knees on the floor now?

No, now there are no knees on the floor. Do they pack two times faster or slower?

They pack two times faster. Whose part of the story is the knee pads part.

The knee pads part is his.

That small new company was Amazon.

The best idea did not come from the boss. And the boss listened.

Did the boss listen?

Yes, the boss listened. Did the best idea come from the boss or from the worker?

The best idea did not come from the boss. What was that small new company?

That small new company was Amazon.

>> Good answers can come from the person next to you.

Now think about your English. Who is next to you,

a classmate, a friend with good English.

>> Is there a person next [clears throat] to you?

Yes, there is a person next to you, a classmate or a friend. Do you think about your English or your work?

Now think about your English. Where can good answers come from?

Good answers can come from the person next to you. >> All right. They have the same problem. They may have a simple answer.

Do not buy knee pads first. Ask the person next to you.

Who is the first person you will ask this week?

Let's jump into it. >> Do they have the same problem?

Yes. They have the same problem. Do you buy knee pads first or do you ask first?

Do not buy knee pads first. Ask the person next to you. Who do you ask?

Ask the person next to you.

The grammar we practiced today. There is, there are, there are boxes everywhere and there are books everywhere. There are too many. There are many boxes.

Congratulations. You practiced 305 words in this story and you learned a lot. Congratulations.

Awesome. Atomic habit.

foreign.

Okay.

The locked box. >> The locked box from the book Atomic Habits by James Clear. Box. Write clothes. Lock. Warm. Visit. Stay. Strange. Whole impossible. There was a famous writer with a big problem. He did not write.

It was 1830 in Paris. His name was Victor Hugo.

Was there a famous writer with a big problem?

Yes, there was a famous writer. He did not write. Was the writer in Paris or in London?

It was 1830 in Paris. What was the writer's name?

His name was Victor Hugo.

A year before, he promised his publisher a new book.

A publisher is the company that makes and sells books.

Did he promise his publisher a new book?

Yes, he promised his publisher a new book. Did he promise a book or a letter?

He promised a new book. What does a publisher do?

A publisher makes and sells books.

Then a whole year went by. He did other work instead.

He visited friends. There were guests [clears throat] at home. [laughter] The book waited.

>> Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Did a whole year go by?

Yes. A whole year went by. Did he visit friends or write the book?

He visited friends. The book waited. Who was there at his home? There were guests at home. The publisher was not happy. He gave Hugo a deadline.

Hugo had less than six months to finish.

Great. Was the publisher happy?

No, the publisher was not happy. Did Hugo have six months or six years?

Hugo had less than six months to finish. What did the publisher give Hugo?

He gave Hugo a deadline. >> Well done.

very long book. It looked impossible.

What can he do? Many people say work harder.

Was the book short?

No, it was a very long book. Did it look easy or impossible?

It looked impossible. What do many people say?

Many people say work harder.

>> Some say make a plan. Others say stay away from friends.

Hugo did something very strange. He took his clothes

Did Hugo do something strange?

Yes, Hugo did something very strange. Did he take his clothes or his books?

He took his clothes. What do others say?

Others say stay away from friends. He put all his clothes in a big box.

He asked a helper to lock the big box.

speaking. Did he put his clothes in a box?

Yes. He put all his clothes in a big box. Was the box big or small?

It was [laughter] a big box. What did he ask a helper to do?

He asked a helper to lock the big box. He kept only a big shaw to wear at home.

A shaw is a big warm cloth for your shoulders.

Awesome. Woo. Let's go. >> Was the shaw to wear at home?

Yes, he kept a big shawl to wear at home. Did he keep a shaw or a coat?

He kept only a big shaw. What is a shaw?

A shaw is a big warm cloth for your shoulders. >> I'm super proud of you. Now he could not go out. He could not visit friends.

So he stayed at his desk the whole day and he wrote

Let's jump into it. >> Could he visit friends now?

No, he could not visit friends. Did he stay at his desk or go out?

He stayed at his desk the whole day. [clears throat] What did he do at his desk?

He stayed at his desk. And he wrote,

he wrote in the autumn. He wrote in the winter, warm in his shawl.

page after page, day after day. [clears throat] There were no guests now.

Were there guests now?

No, there were no guests. Now, was he warm or cold in the winter?

He was warm in his shore. When did he write?

He wrote in the autumn. [clears throat] He wrote in the winter.

There was nothing else to do. There was only the book.

In January [clears throat] 1831, the Impossible Book was finished. It was 2 weeks early.

is speaking. Was there anything else to do?

No. There was nothing else to do. Was the book finished early or late?

It was two weeks early. When was the impossible book finished

in January 1831, the Impossible Book was finished.

The book was The Hunchback of NRAAM. People still read it today.

James Clear tells this strange story in Atomic Habits.

Do people still read the book today?

Yes, people still read it today. Is this story strange or boring?

This is a strange story. What was the book?

The book was The Hunchback of Notraam. >> That's great. >> Hugo did not try to be strong every day.

He closed his way out before the work started.

Speaking skills Did Hugo try to be strong every day?

No, Hugo did not try to be strong every day. Did he close his way out before or after the work?

He closed his way out before the work starts. What did he close?

He closed his way out. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> You can do this, too. What pulls you away from English?

Maybe your phone, maybe the TV, maybe your bed. Awesome.

Can you do this too?

Yes. You can do this too. Does your phone or your bed pull you away?

Maybe your phone. Maybe your bed. What pulls you away from English?

Maybe your phone, the TV, or your bed. >> That's amazing. Let's jump into it and come. >> Put it in a box before you start. Close the box.

Ask yourself, what will I lock away today?

Final round. >> Do you put it in a box?

Yes. Put it in a box before you start. Do you open the box or close the box? You close the box. What will you lock away today?

I will lock away my phone today.

The grammar we practice today, there was there were. There was a famous writer with a big problem. There were guests at home. There were no guests now. There was nothing else to do.

Congratulations. You practiced 313 words in this story and you learned a lot. Forch!

It's going to be a lot different. Talk like

The jar. The jar from the book Talk Like Ted by Carmine Gallo. Show number stage object far kill care face meeting terrible. A man once opened a small glass jar on stage.

[sighs and gasps] Inside the jar there were mosquitoes. He let them fly out into the room. [crying]

Did a man open a small glass jar?

Yes. A man opened a small glass jar. on stage. Were there mosquitoes or flowers in the jar?

There were mosquitoes inside the jar. Where did the man open the jar?

He opened the jar on stage.

>> This happened in 2009 at a big meeting called TED

many important people were at the meeting.

The man on the stage was Bill Gates. Awesome.

Was it a big meeting?

Yes, it was a big meeting called TED. Was the man on the stage Bill Gates or a teacher?

The man on the stage was Bill Gates who was at the meeting.

Many important people were at the meeting.

He started Microsoft. Later he gave his time to health work.

That day he talked about a terrible sickness called malaria.

Did he start Microsoft?

Yes, he started Microsoft. Did he talk about a sickness or a school?

He talked about a terrible sickness called malaria. What did he give his time to?

He gave his time to health work. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. >> Mosquitoes carry malaria. [crying] Each year it kills many people.

Most of them live in poor countries. Many are small children.

Does malaria kill many people?

Yes. Each year it kills many people. Do they live in rich or poor countries?

Most of them live in poor countries. What carries malaria?

Mosquitoes carry malaria. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> Rich countries do not think about it much. Rich people are safe.

For them, malaria is far away. It kills people in other places.

speaking skills. Do rich countries think about malaria much?

No, rich countries do not think about it much. Is malaria near or far away for them?

For them malaria is far away. Who is safe? Rich people are safe. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> Gates had a problem. How do you make people care?

He could show numbers. He could show charts.

>> Did Gates have a problem?

Yes, Gates had a problem. Could he show numbers or only talk?

He could show numbers. He could show charts. What was the problem?

The problem was how do you make people care?

He did show numbers. Then he did more than numbers.

He picked up the jar. He opened it. Awesome.

Did he show numbers?

Yes, he did show numbers. Did he pick up the jar or a book? He picked up the jar. What did he do with the jar?

He picked up the jar. He opened it.

Why should only poor people feel this? He said there was no reason.

Imagine you are in that room. Mosquitoes fly near your face.

Did he say there was a reason?

No, he said there was no reason. Do mosquitoes fly near your face or your feet?

Mosquitoes [sighs] fly near your face. Where do you imagine you are? Imagine

you are in that room. That's great. >> Now you feel it. That terrible problem is not far away now.

Then he told everyone these mosquitoes had no malaria.

Awesome. Wait, let's go. Is the terrible problem far away now?

No. The terrible problem is not far away now. Did these mosquitoes have malaria or no malaria?

These mosquitoes had no malaria. Who did he tell about the mosquitoes?

Then he told everyone these mosquitoes had no malaria. >> Well done. People laughed. [laughter] The job was a small thing.

But it did a big job. Everyone talked about it.

Did people laugh?

>> [laughter] >> Yes. People laughed. Was the jar a big thing or a small thing?

The jar was a small thing. What did everyone talk about?

Everyone talked about the jar. News sites around the world wrote about the jar.

in talk like Ted. Carmine Gallow loves this moment.

He says people do not forget moments like this.

Did news sites write about the jar?

Yes. News sites around the world wrote about the jar. Do people forget or remember moments like this?

People do not forget moments like this. Who loves this moment?

Carmine Gallow loves this moment. I'm super proud of you. Numbers tell people about a problem. The jar made them care.

Show the problem. Do not only talk about it.

Did the jar make them care?

Yes, the jar made them care. Do you show the problem or only talk about it?

Show the problem. Do not only talk about it. What do numbers do?

Numbers tell people about a problem. Try this in English. Next time you speak, bring an object,

a photo, a cup, or a book. Hold it up for everyone.

>> Do you bring an object?

Yes. Next time you speak, bring an object. Do you hold it up or hide it?

Hold it up for everyone. What object can you bring?

You can bring a photo, a cup, or a book. Congratulations. Then tell your story about it. Watch their faces.

One object can do more than many words.

Let's jump into it. >> Can one object do more than many words?

Yes, one object can do more than many words. Do you watch their faces or their hands?

Watch their faces. What do you tell about the object,

then tell your story about it.

The grammar we practice today. A and the A man once opened a small glass jar on stage. This happened in 2009 at a big meeting called TED. Many important people were at the meeting that day. He talked about a terrible sickness called malaria.

Congratulations. You practiced 300 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Great job. The 5second rule.

Robert.

It works.

5 43 >> 5 4 3 from the book The 5second Rule by Mel Robbins. Brain. Count. Bed. Hit. Job. Sit. Phone. Woman. Stand. Clock. [sighs and gasps] No job. Big debts. A very hard year.

It was 2009. A woman in America felt stuck in her life.

Did the woman have a job?

No, she had no job. It was a very hard year. Was it an easy year or a hard year?

It was a very hard year. How did she feel in her life?

She felt stuck in her life.

Her name was Mel Robbins. She was 41 years old.

Every morning her alarm clock rang.

And every morning she hit the snooze button. [clears throat]

>> Was she 41 years old?

Yes, she was 41 years old. Did she hit the snooze button or get up?

She hit the snooze button. >> [clears throat] >> What rang every morning?

Every morning her alarm clock rang. >> The snooze button stops the alarm. You sleep a few more minutes.

Ring snooze. Ring snooze. Ring [sighs] snooze.

>> Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Does the alarm ring again after snooze?

Yes. Ring snooze. Ring snooze. Does the snooze button stop the alarm or start it?

The snooze button stops the alarm. What do you do after the snooze button?

You sleep a few more minutes.

>> She knew she had to get up. She needed a job. Her brain always said, "Not now. A few more minutes."

Awesome. Did she need a job?

Yes, she needed a job. Did her brain say now or not now? Her

brain always said not now. What did she know?

She knew she had to get up. I'm super proud of you. So, she stayed in bed and the problems got bigger.

One night the woman sat at home. She was tired. [sighs]

She saw a rocket launch. There was a countdown. Awesome.

>> Did she stay in bed?

Yes, she stayed in bed. Did the problems get bigger or smaller? The problems got bigger. Where did the woman sit one night?

One night the woman sat at home. She was tired. That's great. >> 5 4 3 2 1 and the rocket went up.

She had an idea. She could launch herself out of bed.

Did the rocket go up?

Yes, the rocket went up. Could she launch herself out of bed or out of the house?

She could launch herself out of bed. What did she have? She had an idea. >> Like a rocket before her brain could say no.

The next morning, the alarm clock rang again.

Was it like a rocket?

Yes. Like a rocket. Did the alarm clock ring once or again?

The next morning, the alarm clock rang again. When should she move?

before her brain could say no. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> She wanted to hit snooze. Then she remembered the rocket.

Count with me. 5 4 3 2 one.

Did she want to hit snooze?

Yes, she wanted to hit snooze. Did she remember the rocket or the alarm?

She remembered the rocket. How do we count?

We count 5 4 3 2 1. >> Well done. >> On one she stood up. She did not think. She moved.

It was a very small win, just standing up out of head.

>> Did she think?

No. She did not think. She moved. Was it a big win or a small win?

It was a very small win. When did she stand up?

On one she stood up. >> All right, back to the story. >> The next day she counted again. And the next day. And the next.

Soon she used the count for other hard things, too.

Did she count again the next day?

Yes. The next day she counted again. Did she use the count for easy things or hard things?

She used the count for other hard things, too. When did she count?

She counted the next day and the next. a phone call she was afraid of. She counted and picked up the phone.

Slowly her life started to change. Later she wrote a book about the count.

Did she pick up the phone.

Yes, she counted and picked up the phone. Did her life start to change slowly or fast? Slowly

her life started to change. What did she write a book about?

She wrote a book about the count.

>> Her idea is simple. Your brain wants to keep you safe.

So when a thing is hard, it says wait later, not now.

Does your brain want to keep you safe?

Yes, your brain wants to keep you safe. Is her idea simple or hard? Her idea is simple. What does it say when a thing is hard?

It says wait later. Not now.

Move fast before your brain says no.

Try it with English. You sit in class. You want to speaking

skills. Do you sit in class?

Yes. You sit in class. You want to speak. Do you move fast or slow?

Move fast before your brain says no. What do you want to do? You want to speak? >> That's amazing. Let's jump into >> You feel afraid. Count five 4 3 2 1. Then open your mouth.

Say the first sentence out loud. The rest will come.

Let's jump into it. >> Do you feel afraid?

Yes. You feel afraid. Do you say the first sentence or the last sentence?

Say the first sentence out loud. What do you do after the count?

Then you open your mouth.

The grammar we practiced today, subject pronouns. She was 41 years old. And every morning she hit the snooze button. She was tired. She had an idea.

Congratulations. You practiced 38 words in this story and you learned a lot. Congratulations.

Just just listen to what happened. >> My name is Bashar Slim and I am 33 years old. I work as a branding and visual identity designer. I help businesses create unique brands that reflect who they are and make them stand out in the market.

feeling lazy.

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Mhm.

Hello Detroit. Okay.

[laughter] Mhm.

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Mhm.

Amen.

Wow.

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for

good. forc

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foreign.

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Okay.

English.

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Mhm.

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Alhamdulillah. forade

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Mhm.

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foreign.

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foreign.

foreign.

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Shakespeare.

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Allah

[clears throat] Shakespare

>> [laughter] >> Shakespeare.

for

you. [clears throat]

Here [laughter] you are.

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feeling feeling lazy.

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[laughter] kidding?

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lazy kid.

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>> [clears throat]

>> Getchech.

Yeah. Yeah.

I will stick.

But anyways, Can't hurt me.

Okay. [laughter]

The third try. >> The third try from the book Can't Hurt Me by David Gogggins. Bar record. Failure. Arm. Our fix. Protect. Heat. Hold. Different. 4,030 pull-ups. 17 hours. One man on one bar.

A pull-up is simple. You hold a bar and pull your body up.

Awesome.

Is a pullup simple?

Yes, a pullup is simple. Do you hold a bar or a rope?

You hold a bar and pull your body up. What do you pull up?

You pull your body up. >> Well done. >> In 2013, David Gogggins did 4,030 of them. It was a world record. >> [cheering]

>> Read that number again. 4,30. Most people cannot do 10.

Was it a world record?

Yes, it was a world record. Did he do many pull-ups or few pull-ups?

He did 4,030 of them. When did he do it?

In 2013, David Gogggins did 4,030 of them.

>> But this story does not start with a record. It starts with a fall.

First he tried in a TV studio in New York.

Does this story start with a record?

No, it starts with a fall. Did he first try in a TV studio or a gym

first? He tried in a TV studio in New York. Where was the TV studio?

The TV studio was in New York. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> The heat in the studio was too much. The bar was not right for him.

After many hours, his arms stopped working. He had to stop.

Was the heat in the studio too much?

Yes, the heat in the studio was too much. Did his arms or his legs stop working?

His arms stopped working. When did his arms stop working?

After many hours, his arms stopped working. He was far from the record. Many people saw him fail.

Weeks later, he tried again in a different gym.

This time his arms were strong. Nothing protected his hands.

Were his arms strong this time?

Yes. This time his arms were strong. Did he try again in the same gym or a different gym?

He tried again in a different gym. What protected his hands?

Nothing protected his hands.

>> The skin on his hands tore open. He could not hold the bar again. He had to stop.

Two tries, two public failures. What do most people do now?

Could he hold the bar?

No, he could not hold the bar. Was it one failure or two failures?

It was two public failures. What tore open

the skin on his hands tore open. That's amazing. >> Most people stop here. They say this is not for them.

He did something different. He sat down and studied his failures.

Did he stop like most people?

No, he did something different. Did he study his failures or forget them?

He sat down and studied his failures. What do most people say?

They say this is not for them.

>> He looked hard at every problem, the heat, the bar, his hands.

Then he fixed them one by one. He was ready to try again.

Did he fix the problems?

Yes, he fixed them. one by one. Did he look at every problem or one problem?

He looked hard at every problem. What were the problems?

The problems were the heat, the bar, and his hands.

>> He found a better bar. He found a way to protect his hands.

He made a plan for every hour. Work, rest, eat, drink.

is speaking. Did he find a way to protect his hands?

Yes, he found a way to protect his hands. Did he find a better bar or a better gym?

He found a better bar. What did he make for every hour?

He made a plan for every hour. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. Then he tried a third time. Hour after hour he pulled.

After 17 hours, the number was 4,030. The record was isn't [cheering]

the record his

Yes, the record was his. Did he try a second time or a third time?

Then he tried a third time. What was the number after 17 hours?

After 17 hours, the number was 4,030.

incoming. >> Later he wrote it all down in can't hurt me.

Two failures then the record. What changed? His

failures were not the end. They were his teachers.

Were his failures the end?

No, his failures were not the end. Were his failures his teachers or his enemies?

They were his teachers. Where did he write it all down?

He wrote it all down in can't hurt me.

>> Each failure showed him what to fix. Then he tried again.

Think about your English. Maybe a speaking test went badly.

speaking skills. Did each failure show him what to fix?

Yes. Each failure showed him what to fix. Did a speaking test go well or badly.

Maybe a speaking test went badly. What do you think about?

I think about my English. That's amazing. Let's jump into it and do not hide from it. Write down what went wrong. Fix one thing.

Then try again. Remember, [gasps] 4,030 pull-ups started with two failures.

Final round. Do you hide from it?

No. Do not hide from it. Do you fix one thing or 10 things,

fix one thing, then try again. What did 4,030 pull-ups start with?

4,030 pull-ups started with two failures.

The grammar we practice today, possessive adjectives. After many hours, his arms stopped working. This time his arms were strong. The skin on his hands tore open. He sat down and studied his failures.

Congratulations. You practiced 326 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's amazing. Awesome. Amazing.

Think and grow rich.

foreign.

Three feet. >> Three feet from the book Think and Grow Rich by Napoleon Hill. Gold. Uncle Machine. Sad expert engineer foot alone close dig. This young man had a big problem. His gold was gone.

His name was Ru Derby. He came from Maryland in America. Was

his gold gone?

Yes, his gold was gone. Did he come from Maryland or from Colorado?

He came from Maryland in America. What was his name?

His name was Ru Derby. His uncle went west to Colorado to find gold.

The uncle dug and dug. Then he found gold in the rock.

He needed big machines to get the gold out.

Did his uncle go west to find gold?

Yes. His uncle went west to Colorado to find gold. Did the uncle find gold in the rock or in the river?

Then he found gold in the rock. What did the uncle do?

The uncle dug and dug. Then he found gold in the rock. >> Well done. >> So he went home. Family and neighbors gave him money.

He bought the machines. The young man went with him to the mine.

Let's jump into it. >> Did family and neighbors give him money?

Yes. family and neighbors gave him money. Did he buy machines or a house? He bought the machines who went with him to the mine.

The young man went with him to the mine. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> The first gold was very good. It was one of the best mines in Colorado.

They were very happy. [laughter] A little more gold and they could pay everyone back.

Was the first gold very good?

Yes. The first gold was very good. Were they happy or sad?

They were very happy. What could they do with a little more gold?

a little more gold and they could pay everyone back.

>> Then one day the gold stopped.

They drilled deeper and deeper. Nothing.

Day after day they tried. No gold.

Awesome. Wait. Let's go. >> Did the gold stop one day?

Yes. Then one day the gold stopped. Did they drill deeper or go home?

They drilled deeper and deeper. How often did they try?

Day after day they tried. [clears throat]

At last they stopped. They said the gold was finished.

They sold their machines very cheaply to a junk man.

Awesome. Did they stop at last?

Yes. At last they stopped. Did they sell their machines to a junk man or an engineer?

They sold their machines very cheaply to a junk man. What did they say about the gold?

They said the gold was finished.

Let's keep it up. >> A junk man buys old things that nobody wants.

Then they took the train home, sad, tired with depths.

Now the junk man did something smart.

speaking skills. >> Were they sad on the train home?

Yes. They took the train home sad, tired, with debts. Did they take the train or a car home?

Then they took the train home. What does a junk man buy?

A junk man buys old things that nobody wants.

He did not dig alone. He called a mining engineer.

An engineer is an expert. This one understood rocks.

He looked at the rocks carefully. Then he did his math.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did the junk man dig alone?

No, he did not dig alone. Did he call an engineer or a friend?

He called a mining engineer. What is an engineer?

An engineer is an expert. That's great. >> The ground had a break there. The gold moved a little.

How close was it? Only 3 ft away. About 1 meter.

is speaking. Was the gold close?

Yes. Only 3 ft away. About 1 meter. Did the gold move a lot or a little?

The gold moved a little. What did the ground have there?

The ground had a break there.

The junk man got millions of dollars from that mine.

That is the sad part. Derby quit so close only three feet from gold.

Is that the sad part?

Yes, that is the sad part. Did Derby quit far from gold or close to gold?

Derby quit so close only three feet from gold. What did the junk man get from that mine?

The junk man got millions of dollars from that mine. >> Many people say the lesson is never quit.

I think the real lesson is more useful.

Too many people say never quit.

Yes. Many people say the lesson is never quit. Is the real lesson more useful or less useful?

I think the real lesson is more useful. What is more useful?

I think the real lesson is more useful. The two men dug alone. They never asked an expert. The junk man did.

Darby's story lives in Napoleon Hill's Think and Grow Rich.

Did the two men ask an expert?

No, they never asked an expert. The junk man did. Did the two men dig alone or with an expert? The two men dug alone. Where does Derby's story live?

Derby's story lives in Napoleon Hills Think and Grow Rich.

So before you stop your English, ask yourself one question.

Who knows more than me? What can they show me?

Final round. Do you ask yourself one question?

Yes. Ask yourself one question. Do you ask before you stop or after you stop?

Before you stop your English, ask yourself one question. What is the question?

Who knows more than me? What can they show me?

The grammar we practice today, past simple, irregular verbs. His uncle went west to Colorado to find gold. Then he found gold in the rock. Family and neighbors gave him money. He bought the machines.

Congratulations. You practiced 306 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Oh, it's all working.

The everything store. Amazon

>> [clears throat]

>> The bell from the book The Everything Store by Brad Stone. Bell ring door desk order customer expensive normal low turn. A door stands on four wooden legs. It is not a door now. It is a desk.

A young man made this desk himself in 1994.

is the door a desk now.

Yes, it is not a door now. It is a desk. Did a young man or an old man make this desk?

A young man made this desk himself in 1994. What stands on four wooden legs?

A door stands on four wooden legs.

His name was Jeff Bezos. He wanted to sell books on the internet.

We know this from a book by Brad Stone, The Everything Store.

Did he want to sell books on the internet?

Yes, he wanted to sell books on the internet. Is the book by Brad Stone or by Jeff Bezos?

We know this from a book by Brad Stone, The Everything Store. What was his name? His name was Jeff Bezos. Jeff did not have a big office. He had a garage.

It was the garage of a rented house near Seattle.

speaking. Did Jeff have a big office?

No, Jeff did not have a big office. Did he have a garage or a big office?

He had a garage. Where was the garage?

It was the garage of a rented house near Seattle. He did not buy expensive desks. He bought cheap doors.

Each door cost about $60. It was not expensive. He put legs on them.

Did he buy expensive desks?

No, he did not buy expensive desks. Did he buy cheap doors or expensive desks?

He bought cheap doors. What did he put on the doors? He put legs on them.

Door desks. A small garage, a few people, and a few computers.

They worked long hours. They wanted to keep their costs low.

Did they work long hours?

Yes, they worked long hours. Did they want their costs low or high?

They wanted to keep their costs low. What was in the small garage,

door desks, a few people, and a few computers. >> That's great. Anyway, >> the next year they moved to a small Seattle office.

Then the website opened. People could buy books online.

How did they move to a small Seattle office?

Yes. The next year they moved to a small Seattle office. Could people buy books online or only in shops? People could buy books online. What opened then?

Then the website opened. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. Did people really want books from a computer? The team did not know.

The team set up a small bell in the office.

Did the team know?

>> No, the team did not know. Was the bell small or big?

The team set up a small bell. Where did they set up the bell?

The team set up a small bell in the office. >> The rule was simple. One order, one ring.

Ding. A customer in another city bought a book.

Ding. another order. Each ring meant a new customer.

Did one order mean one ring?

Yes. One order, one ring. Was the customer in the same city or another city?

A customer in another city bought a book. What did each ring mean?

Each ring meant a new customer.

>> At first, the bell did not ring often. Sales were low. That was normal.

Then it rang more and more and more.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. [sighs and gasps] Did the bell ring often at first?

No, at first the bell did not ring often. Were sales low or high.

Sales were low. That was normal. What happened then?

Then it rang more and more and more. for Ding ding ding. It rang all day long.

After a few weeks, they turned the bell off.

speaking skills. >> Did it ring all day long?

Yes, it rang all day long. Did they turn the bell off or keep it on? They turned the bell off. When did they turn the bell off?

After a few weeks, they turned the bell off.

>> Why? It rang too often. There were too many orders.

The bell stopped. The orders did not stop.

Today that small company is Amazon. It sells almost everything.

Did the orders stop?

No, the orders did not stop. Were there too many orders or too few? There were too many orders. What is that small company today?

Today that small company is Amazon. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. And it started with door desks and a little bell.

A small start is normal. The desk did not matter. The work did.

Great. Is a small start normal?

Yes, a small start is normal. Did the desk matter or the work?

The desk did not matter. The work did. What did it start with?

It started with door desks and a little bell. And let's continue. You do not need a big office to begin.

Start with what you have and start today.

Your English can start small too. One new word is one ring.

Ding. Ding. Ding. Do not turn your bell off. Keep it ringing.

Final round. >> Do you need a big office to begin?

No. You do not need a big office to begin. Do you turn your bell off or keep it ringing?

Do not turn your bell off. Keep it ringing. What is one new word?

One new word is one ring.

The grammar we practice today, past simple, negative. Jeff did not have a big office. He did not buy expensive desks. The team did not know. At first, the bell did not ring often.

Congratulations. You practiced 319 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Come on.

This is amazing. Unlimited power.

>> [laughter]

>> Turn Rob is something like crazy.

Tony Robbins.

Yeah, it's it's amazing.

junk food. Wow, that's interesting.

Taj Robins The next door. >> The next door from the book Unlimited Power by Tony Robbins. Chicken restaurant. Owner here. Keep road drive luck. Cook offer. No. No. No. Again and again the answer was no.

The man who heard it was 65 years old.

His name was Harland Sanders. People called him the colonel.

Was the man 65 years old?

Yes. The man who heard it was 65 years old. Was the answer yes or no?

The answer was no again and again. What did people call him?

People called him the colonel. That's great. He had a restaurant by a busy road in Kentucky.

People loved his fried chicken. He had a secret recipe.

Did people love his fried chicken?

Yes, people loved his fried chicken. Was his restaurant by a busy road or a quiet road?

His restaurant was by a busy road in Kentucky. What did he have?

He had a secret recipe.

>> Then the government built a new big road. It went around his town.

The cars stopped coming. He had to sell his restaurant.

Let's jump into it. >> Did the new road go through his town?

No. The new road went around his town. Did he keep his restaurant or sell it? He had to sell his restaurant. Who built a new big road?

The government built a new big road. Let's let's jump into the Let's keep it up. He had very little money, only a small government check each month.

Many people stop at this age. He did not.

He had one thing left. His chicken recipe.

Did he have a lot of money?

No, he had very little money. Was his one thing left a restaurant or a recipe? His one thing left was his chicken recipe. What did he get each month?

He had only a small government check each month. >> It was not much, but he loved cooking and he believed in it.

He put his pots and spices in his car.

speaking. >> Did he believe in his cooking?

Yes, he loved cooking and he believed in it. Did he love cooking or selling? He loved cooking. What did he put in his car?

He put his pots and [snorts] spices in his car.

>> He drove from town to town, restaurant to restaurant.

Knock knock. He went in and cooked his chicken for the owner

speaking skills. Did he cook his chicken for the owner?

Yes, he went in and cooked his chicken for the owner. Did he drive or walk from town to town?

He drove from town to town. Where did he drive?

He drove from town to town. restaurant to restaurant.

His offer was simple. They could use his recipe. He got a few cents for each chicken.

Most owners did not like his offer. At night, he often slept in his car.

Did most owners like his offer?

No, most owners did not like his offer. Did he sleep in a hotel or in his car?

At night he often slept in his car. What was his offer?

They could use his recipe. He got a few cents for each chicken. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Then he drove to the next town and the next

In his book Unlimited Power, Tony Robbins gives a number.

it. >> Did he drive to the next town?

Yes. Then he drove to the next town and the next. Does Tony Robbins give a number or a name?

Tony Robbins gives a number. What is the name of his book?

His book is unlimited power.

He says the colonel heard no 1,09 times.

We cannot check this number. But he heard no many many times.

And then slowly things started to change.

Awesome. Did the colonel here know many times?

Yes, he heard no many many times. Can we check this number or not?

We cannot check this number. How many times did he hear no in the book?

He says the colonel heard no 1,09 times.

>> Some owners liked the taste of his chicken. They said yes. Then more said yes.

By 1964, more than 600s restaurants sold his chicken.

him. >> Did some owners like the taste of his chicken?

Yes. Some owners liked the taste of his chicken. Did they say yes or no?

They said yes. Then more said yes. How many restaurants sold his chicken by 1964?

By 1964, more than 600 restaurants sold his chicken. Today his face is on restaurants all over the world. People still love his chicken.

Was his success just luck? Maybe a little.

Let's jump into it. Do people still love his chicken?

Yes, people still love his chicken. Is his face on restaurants in one town or all over the world? His

face is on restaurants all over the world. What does the story ask about his success?

Was his success just luck? Maybe [clears throat] a little. >> I'm super proud of you. >> Luck can only find you if you keep walking.

The colonel kept driving. He kept knocking. He kept cooking.

Can luck find you if you keep walking?

Yes, luck can only find you if you keep walking. Did the colonel keep driving or stop?

The colonel kept driving. What did the colonel keep doing?

He kept driving. He kept knocking. He kept cooking.

>> [sighs] >> Nobody likes hearing no in English. People may not understand you.

You may make many mistakes. That is fine. Knock on the next door.

remember this. Every yes lives behind many nos.

Let's jump into it. >> Does anybody like hearing no

No, nobody likes hearing. No. Should you stop or knock on the next door? Knock on the next door. What lives behind many knows?

Every yes lives behind many nos.

The grammar we practice today like love. People loved his fried chicken, but he loved cooking and he believed in it. Most owners did not like his offer. Some owners liked the taste of his chicken.

Congratulations. You practiced 322 words in this story and you learned a lot. Congratulations.

Awesome.

I want you to listen to what happened. Let's go to Instagram.

Get

native

Fore speech.

Fore

listening reading open speaking

reading listening speaking.

Awesome.

It's something amazing. It's something totally crazy. [music] The obstacle is the way. Oh my god. So,

obstacles.

That's an amazing concept. The weak voice The weak voice from the book The Obstacle is the Way by Ryan Holiday. Voice stone mouth. Laugh. Breath. Sea. Wave. Hill. Hair. Clear. Long ago, a boy lost his father. He was only seven.

His father left him money. The men who kept it took much of it.

Awesome.

Did the boy lose his father?

Yes. [sighs and gasps] Long ago, a boy lost his father. Was he seven or 20? He was only seven. Who took much of his money.

The men who kept it took much of it. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. >> He was a thin boy, often sick. Other boys laughed at him. [laughter]

He also had a big problem, a weak voice.

Was he a strong boy?

No. He was a thin boy, often sick. Did he have a weak voice or a strong voice?

He had a weak voice. What did other boys do? Other boys laughed at him. >> Well done. >> His words were not clear. He ran out of breath fast. [sighs]

He grew into a young man. His dream was to speak well.

Awesome. Let's go. >> Were his words clear?

No, his words were not clear. Did he run out of breath fast or slowly? He ran out of breath fast. What was the young man's dream?

His dream was to speak well. income >> in Athens. The city decided everything by speeches. He wanted a voice there.

The first time he spoke to them, they laughed. [laughter]

>> Let's jump into it. Did he want a voice in Athens?

Yes, he wanted a voice there. Did the people listen or laugh? They laughed. How did Athens decide everything?

The city decided everything by speeches. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. They shouted. They did not listen. He went home very sad.

He could hide. Instead, he made a hard plan. [clears throat]

Great. Did he go home happy?

No, he [gasps] went home very sad. Did he hide or make a hard plan?

He made a hard plan. What did the people do?

They shouted. They did not listen. >> That's great. He built a room under the ground. He practiced there every day.

He cut off half his hair. Now he could not go out.

Did he build a room under the ground?

Yes, he built a room under the ground. Did he cut off half his hair or all his hair?

He cut off half his hair. Where did he practice every day?

He practiced there in the room under the ground.

with his strange hair. He stayed inside and trained.

He put small stones in his mouth and spoke.

with stones in his mouth. Every word was hard work.

Did he put big stones in his mouth?

No. He put small stones in his mouth. Was every word easy work or hard work?

Every word was hard work. What did he do with his strange hair

with his strange hair? He stayed inside and trained. You guess so. >> He ran up hills and spoke at the same time.

The high hills made his breath long and [sighs and gasps] strong.

Did he walk up the hills?

No. He ran up hills and spoke at the same time. Was his breath short or long after the hills?

His breath was long and strong. What made his breath strong?

The high hills made his breath strong. >> He went to the sea. He spoke louder than the waves.

The sea had big loud waves. His voice was louder.

is speaking. >> Did he go to the sea?

Yes, he went to the sea. Did the sea have small waves or big waves?

The sea had big loud waves. Who spoke louder than the waves?

He spoke louder than the waves.

>> He spoke in front of a big mirror, too. He watched himself.

Year after year, his weak voice grew strong.

English. >> Did he speak in front of a small mirror?

No. He spoke in front of a big mirror. Did his weak voice grow strong or stay weak.

Year after year, his weak voice grew strong. Who did he watch in the mirror? He watched himself.

>> Later the people came again. This time they came to hear him.

They did not laugh now. They listened and Athens followed his words.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did the people laugh this time?

No, they did not laugh. Now, did they come to laugh or to hear him?

This time they came to hear him. What did Athens follow?

Athens followed his words. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> People still tell the story of the Stones and his name.

The boy with the weak voice was Deost.

Today many call him the greatest speaker of ancient Greece.

Do people still tell the story of the stones?

Yes, people still tell the story of the stones. Is he a great speaker or a weak speaker today?

Many call him the greatest speaker of ancient Greece. Who was the boy with the weak voice?

The boy with the weak voice was Deosanes. >> That's amazing. His voice was not born strong. He trained it like a muscle.

Your English voice is a muscle, too. Maybe it is weak today.

So train it today. Read one page in a clear voice. Then read it again louder.

Final round. Was his voice born strong?

No, his voice was not born strong. Is your English voice a muscle or a stone?

Your English voice is a muscle, too. How do you read one page today?

Today read one page in a clear voice.

The grammar we practiced today, adjectives before nouns. He also had a big problem, a weak voice. Instead, he made a hard plan. He put small stones in his mouth and spoke. The high hills made his breath long and strong.

Congratulations. You practiced 316 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's going to be a lot different. Are you ready?

Smarter, faster, better.

And then and it's inspired and then we go.

[clears throat] It's going to happen to you. Guess what? The small plane The Small Plane from the book Smarter, Faster, Better by Charles Doohig. Pilot. Captain Wing. Engine warning. Metal. Breathe. Leak. Model. explode. November 4th, 2010. A giant plane is leaving Singapore for Sydney.

It is an Airbus A380, the biggest passenger plane in the world.

Awesome.

Is the plane leaving Singapore?

>> Yes. A giant plane is leaving Singapore for Sydney. Is the plane leaving for Sydney or for London?

The plane is leaving Singapore for Sydney. Which plane is it?

It is an Airbus A380, the biggest passenger plane in the world.

There are 469 people on board. Five pilots are sitting at the front.

The captain is Richard Decrepony. He is a pilot with many years of flying.

Are five pilots sitting at the front?

Yes. Five pilots are sitting at the front. Is the captain a new pilot or a pilot with many years of flying?

He is a pilot with many years of flying. Who is the captain?

The captain is Richard Decreman.

A few minutes after takeoff, there is a sound. Boom.

One of the engines explodes. Pieces of metal fly out. The metal makes holes in the wing.

Awesome. Wait, let's go. >> Does one of the engines explode?

Yes, one of the engines explodes. Does the metal make holes in the wing or in the door?

The metal makes holes in the wing. What flies out? Pieces of metal fly out. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> Suddenly, warnings fill the screens. Red lights. Loud alarms are ringing.

Then more warnings come and more and more.

Many parts of the plane are not working. Fuel is leaking from the wing.

speaking skills. Are loud alarms ringing?

Yes, loud alarms are ringing. Is fuel leaking from the wing or from the door?

Fuel is leaking from the wing. What fills the screens,

warnings fill the screens, then more warnings come. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> The pilots are trying to read every warning. There are too many.

The captain's mind is too full, ready to explode. He cannot see the whole picture.

Are the pilots trying to read every warning?

Yes, the pilots are trying to read every warning. Is the captain's mind empty or [clears throat] too full?

The captain's mind is too full, ready to explode. What can the captain not see? He cannot see the whole picture. That's amazing. Then he does something simple. He changes the picture in his head.

He imagines that this giant plane is a small Cessna.

Does he change the picture in his head?

Yes, he changes the picture in his head. Is he imagining a small Cessner or a big ship?

He is imagining a small Cessna. What does he imagine?

He imagines that this giant plane is a small Cessna. A Cessna is a tiny plane with one engine. Many young pilots learn to fly in one.

In a small plane, the questions are few and simple.

is speaking. >> Does a Cessna have one engine?

Yes. A Cessna is a tiny plane with one engine. Do young pilots or old pilots learn to fly in a Cessna?

Many young pilots learn to fly in one. What are the questions like in a small plane?

In a small plane, the questions are few and simple.

>> He stops asking what is broken. He asks what is still working.

With this simple picture, he and his team make a And

>> now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Is he asking what is broken?

No, he is asking what is still working. Does he ask what is broken or what is still working?

He asks what is still working. What do he and his team make

with this simple picture? He and his team make a plan. >> I'm super proud of you. Fuel is still leaking. They test the plane slowly high in the sky.

Almost 2 hours after takeoff, they land back in Singapore.

Is fuel still leaking?

Yes, fuel is still leaking. [clears throat] Do they land in Sydney or back in Singapore?

They land back in Singapore. How do they test the plane?

They test the plane slowly high in the sky. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> The landing is hard work. The plane stops just in time.

Nobody on board is hurt. Not one person. [applause]

Is anybody on board hurt?

No. Nobody on board is hurt. Not one person. Is the landing easy or hard work?

The landing is hard work. When does the plane stop?

The plane stops just in time. Well done. >> Charles Doohig tells this story in his book, Smarter, Faster, Better.

He says the captain had a strong mental model. A model is a clear picture in the head.

Did the captain have a strong mental model?

Yes, the captain had a strong mental model. Is a model a clear picture or a loud sound? [clears throat]

A model is a clear picture in the head. Who tells this story?

Charles Doohig tells this story in his book, Smarter, Faster, Better.

>> When everything is noise, you need one simple picture. Then you follow it.

English can feel like that plane. Too many rules, too many words. You forget to breathe.

When everything is noise, do you need many pictures?

No. You need one simple picture, then you follow it. Can English feel like that big plane or like a quiet day?

English can feel like that plane. What do you forget to do? You forget to breathe. Congratulations. So here is a simple recipe. First stop and breathe.

Next, pick one small goal for today. Just one.

Ask only this. Can I say this one thing clearly?

Fly the small plane first. The big one will follow.

Let's jump into it. >> Is the first step to stop and breathe.

Yes. First stop and breathe. Do you pick one small goal or many goals?

Pick one small goal for today. Just one. Which plane do you fly first?

Fly the small plane first. The big one will follow

the grammar we practice today. Present continuous. >> A giant plane is leaving Singapore for Sydney. Five pilots are sitting at the front. Loud alarms are ringing. Fuel is leaking from the wing.

Congratulations. You practiced 351 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Great job.

And let's keep going.

Warren Buffett Warren Buffett comes

like snowball.

Oh my god. Warren

every page. Every page from the book The Snowball by Alice Schroeder. Boring. Edge. Skip. Middle. Slow. Manual. Dictionary. Climb. Patient. Detail. 1951, a young man comes home to Omaha in the middle of America.

His name is Warren Buffett. He is 21 and he studied investing in New York.

Does the young man come home to Omaha?

Yes. A young man comes home to Omaha in the middle of America. Did he study investing in New York or in Omaha? He studied investing in New York. How old is he? He is 21.

Now he works in his father's small office. He sells company shares to people.

He wants to find good companies at low prices. Where are they?

Does he work in his father's office?

Yes. Now he works in his father's small office. Does he sell shares or buy books?

He sells company shares to people. What does he want to find?

He wants to find good companies at low prices. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. >> On a shelf in the office, there are some very big books.

They are Moody's manuals. They have thousands of pages with very small letters.

Each page gives the numbers of one company.

>> Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Are the books on the shelf small?

No, they are very big books. Are they Moody's manuals or dictionaries?

They are Moody's manuals. What does each page give?

Each page gives the numbers of one company. Usually people use these manuals like a dictionary. They look up one name and close the book.

He does not use them like a dictionary. He starts at the first page.

>> Great. Does he use the manuals like a dictionary?

No, he does not use them like a dictionary. Do people usually read every page or look up one name?

Usually people look up one name and close the book. Where does he start?

He starts at the first page. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> Listen. Turn a page. Read the numbers. Turn a page. Read the numbers.

Week after week he is reading every page. He skips nothing.

Does he skip any pages?

No, he skips nothing. Is he skipping pages or reading every page?

He is reading every page. What is he doing week after week,

week after week, he is reading every page

he reads one big book from start to finish. Then he reads it again.

It is slow, boring work. And he is patient. Nobody watches him.

>> Awesome. Wait, let's go. >> Is the work fast?

No, it is slow, boring work. Is he patient or angry?

He is patient. Nobody watches him. How does he read the big book?

He reads it from start to finish. Then he reads it again.

Then in the middle of a book, >> he stops at one page.

It is a small company in Fort Scott, a town in Kansas.

Does he stop in the middle of a book?

Yes. In the middle of a book, he stops at one page. Is the company big or small?

It is a small company in Fort Scott. Where is Fort Scott?

Fort Scott is a town in Kansas. >> That's amazing. Very few people know its name. Almost nobody is looking at it.

The numbers are strange. The price of one share is low.

Is anybody looking at the company?

No, almost nobody is looking at it. Is the price of one share high or low?

The price of one share is low. What are the numbers like? The numbers are strange. >> But in one year, each share almost its full price.

It is like buying a shop for one year of its profit.

Is it like buying a car?

No. It is like buying a shop for one year of its profit. Does each share earn a little or almost its full price?

In one year, each share earns almost its full price. When does each share earn almost its full price?

Each share earns almost its full price in one year. >> All right, back to the story. He buys the shares. Later he writes about the company in a business newspaper.

In the next years, the price climbs much higher.

Alice Schroeder's book, The Snowball, shows these slow, quiet years.

How? Does he buy the shares?

Yes, he buys the shares. Does the price climb or fall?

In the next years, the price climbs much higher. Where does he write about the company?

He writes about the company in a business newspaper. That's great. >> His edge was not a secret. It was boring work that others did not want to do.

Your English has big books, too. A word list, a grammar book, a book of practice tests.

Was his edge a secret?

No, his edge was not a secret. Was his edge boring work or luck?

It was boring work that others did not want to do. What big books does your English have?

Your English has a word list, a grammar book, and a book of practice tests. >> Most learners open them, read a little, and close them.

Maybe you are skipping the hard pages. Be patient.

Awesome. Do most learners read every page?

No. [clears throat] Most learners open them, read a little, and close them. Are you skipping the easy pages or the hard pages?

Maybe you are skipping the hard pages. What should you be? Be patient. And let's continue. Go page by page, detail by detail. Your English climbs slowly with nobody watching. Here

is a rule to keep. Your edge is the boring page that others skip.

Let's jump into it. >> Does your English climb fast?

No, your English climbs slowly with nobody watching. Do you go page by page or skip to the end?

Go page by page, detail by detail. What is your edge?

Your edge is the boring page that others skip.

The grammar we practice today, present simple versus present continuous. He sells company shares to people. He starts at the first page. In the next years, the price climbs much higher. Week after week he is reading every page.

Congratulations. You practiced 354 words in this story and you learned a lot. Awesome.

How to stop worrying and start living?

>> [laughter]

>> Full of mistakes. Full of mistakes. From the book How to Stop Worrying and Start Living by Dale Cariegi. Rude. Correct. Tear. Become key. Experiment. Critic. Foolish. Insult. Grateful. A man needed a job. He had no money and no work.

His name was George Rona. He was a lawyer from Vienna.

Did the man have a job?

No, he had no money and no work. Was George Rona a lawyer or a doctor?

He was a lawyer from Vienna. What did the man need?

A man needed a job. Awesome. Dale Cariegi tells his story. It is in how to stop worrying and start living.

During the Second World War, he had to go to Sweden.

Can >> does Dale Cariegi tell his story?

Yes. Dale Cariggi tells his story. Did he go to Sweden or to America?

During the Second World War, he had to go to Sweden. Where can you read the story?

It is in how to stop worrying and start living.

>> He could speak and write many languages. So he had an idea.

He wanted to write business letters for big companies in Sweden.

speaking. Could he speak many languages?

>> Yes, he could speak and write many languages. Did he want to write letters or sell books? He wanted to write business letters. Who did he want to write letters for?

He wanted to write letters for big companies in Sweden. >> I'm super proud of you. >> He sent letters to many companies. Most of them said no.

Then one man sent him a very rude answer.

>> Awesome. Let's go. Did one man send him a kind answer?

No. One man sent him a very rude answer. Did most of them say yes or no? Most of them said no. What did one man send him?

One man sent him a very rude answer.

The man insulted him. He called George wrong and foolish. He did not need him.

And he wrote this, "Your letter is full of mistakes.

Did the man insult him?

>> Yes. The man insulted him. Did the man call George clever or foolish?

He called George wrong and foolish. What was full of mistakes?

His letter was full of mistakes.

George was very angry. [sighs and gasps] He wanted to insult him back.

So he wrote an angry letter back. Then he stopped.

Did George want to thank him?

No, he wanted to insult him back. Did he write a kind letter or an angry letter?

He wrote an angry letter back. What did he do then?

Then he stopped.

>> Now think about George for a moment. Would you send it or tear it up?

Most of us want to fight back. Nobody wants to look foolish.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Does anybody want to look foolish?

No. Nobody wants to look foolish. Do most of us want to fight back or say thank you.

Most of us want to fight back. What can George do with the angry letter?

He can send it or tear it up. >> That's amazing. >> Then George had a new thought. Maybe this man was right.

Swedish was not his first language. Maybe he really did make mistakes.

speaking. >> Was Swedish his first language?

No. Swedish was not his first language. Was this man right or wrong?

Maybe this man was right. What new thought did George have?

Maybe he really did make mistakes. >> So he tore up the angry letter. He wrote a new one.

In the new letter, he thanked him. He said he was grateful.

Awesome.

Did he send the angry letter?

No, he tore up the angry letter. Did he tear it up or send it?

He tore it up. He wrote a new one. What did he say in the new letter?

He thanked him. He said he was grateful. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. He said it was kind of him to write back at all.

He was sorry for his mistakes. He wanted to study Swedish more.

Was he sorry for his mistakes?

Yes, he was sorry for his mistakes. Did he want to study Swedish more or less?

He wanted to study Swedish more. What was kind of the man? It was kind of him to write back at it all. >> He sent the letter. A few days later, a new letter came.

The man asked George to come and see him.

George went to meet him and he got a job.

Did the man ask George to see him?

Yes. The man asked George to come and see him. Did George get a job or another rude letter.

George went to meet him and he got a job. When did a new letter come?

A few days later, a new letter came.

>> The rude critic did not become his enemy. He became his boss.

The rude letter became a key. The key to his job.

Let's jump into it. >> Did the rude critic become his enemy?

No. The rude critic did not become his enemy. Did he become his boss or his friend?

He became his boss. What did the rude letter become?

The rude letter became a key. The key to his job.

>> A person who finds your mistakes is not only a critic. They can be your teacher.

When you learn English, people will correct you. Some will not be kind.

Great. >> Is a person who finds your mistakes only a critic?

No, they can be your teacher. Will people corrupt you or ignore you?

When you learn English, people will correct you. Who can be your teacher?

A person who finds your mistakes can be your teacher. >> That's amazing. Yellow. Let's jump into >> Try a small experiment this week. When someone corrects your English, be grateful. Thank them.

Then write the correct sentence down. Watch what the experiment does to your English and to them.

Final round. >> When someone corrects you, do you thank them?

Yes. When someone corrects your English, thank them. Should you be angry or grateful?

Be grateful. Thank them. What small experiment can you try?

Thank them. Then write the correct sentence down.

The grammar we practiced today, object pronouns. Then one man sent him a very rude answer. The man insulted him. He wanted to insult him back. Would you send it or tear it up?

Congratulations. You practiced 350 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's amazing. Awesome.

Amazing

live. [laughter]

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the seven habits of highly effective people. forchech.

The noisy train. >> The noisy train from the book The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People by Steven R. Cavi. Passenger. Judge control. Lazy. Subway. Polite. Noisy. Shout. Seat. Behavior. It was a quiet Sunday morning in New York.

Passengers sat in their seats on the subway. Some read the newspaper. Some rested.

Was it a noisy morning?

No, it was a quiet Sunday morning in New York. Did passengers sit on a bus or on the subway?

Passengers sat in their seats on the subway. What did some passengers read?

Some read the newspaper.

One passenger was Steven Kovi. Years later, he wrote about this morning.

You can read it in the seven habits of highly effective people.

Great. >> Was Steven Cvy a passenger?

Yes. One passenger was Steven Cvy. Did he write about this morning or forget it?

Years later, he wrote about this morning. Where can you read it?

You can read it in the seven habits of highly effective people.

>> At one stop, a man got on the subway with his children.

In a moment the quiet was gone. The children were very noisy.

is speaking. Did the man get on the subway alone?

No. A man got on the subway with his children. Were the children quiet or noisy?

The children were very noisy. What happened to the quiet?

In a moment, the quiet was gone. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> They ran up and down. They threw things. They pulled at people's newspapers.

The father took the seat next to Kovi. He closed his eyes.

Let's jump into it. >> Did the father close his eyes?

>> Yes. He closed his eyes. Did the father take the seat next to Cavi or stand?

The father took the seat next to Cavy. Whose newspapers did the children pull at?

They pulled at people's newspapers.

He did nothing. He did not control his children.

The children kept shouting. Minutes passed. The father still sat there.

Did the father control his children?

No, he did not control his children. Did the children stop or keep shouting? The children kept shouting. What did the father do?

He did nothing. The father still sat there. >> That's amazing. >> The passengers were angry at the children's behavior. Kovi was angry, too.

Now, what do you think of this father? Be honest.

Were the passengers angry?

Yes. The passengers were angry at the children's behavior. Was CVY calm or angry too? CVY was angry too. Whose behavior were the passengers angry at?

They were angry at the children's behavior.

>> Maybe you think he was a lazy father. Maybe he was not polite.

Kobe thought the same. After some time, he turned to the man.

Did Kavi think the same?

Yes. Kavi thought the same. Did KVY turn to the man or to the children?

After some time he turned to the man. What do you think of the father?

Maybe you think he was a lazy father. Maybe he was not polite.

>> He asked him politely to control his children a little.

The father's eyes opened slowly. He looked at the children.

Did Cave ask him politely?

Yes. He asked him politely to control his children a little. Did the father's eyes open quickly or slowly?

The father's eyes opened slowly. What did KVY ask him to do?

He asked him to control his children a little. >> He said Kavi was right. He said he [snorts] had to do something.

Then he spoke quietly. He said they came from the hospital.

Let's jump into it. Did he say Kovi was wrong? [clears throat]

No, he said Kovi was right. Did they come from the hospital or from school? He said they came from the hospital. How did he speak? He spoke quietly. >> I'm super proud of you. The children's mother died there about 1 hour before.

He did not know what to think. The children did not know either.

Did the children's mother die?

Yes. The children's mother died there about 1 hour before. Did she die 1 hour before or 1 year before?

She died about one hour before. What did the father not know? He did not know what to think.

>> In one second, everything in Kav's mind was different.

The children were still noisy. They were still shouting.

But Cave was not angry anymore. He felt [snorts] the man's pain. Was

Kovi still angry?

No, Kovi was not angry anymore. Were the children quiet or still noisy?

The children were still noisy. They were still shouting. Whose pain did Kovi feel? He felt the man's pain. >> He asked the man about his wife. He asked how he could help.

He could see the full picture now. And the full picture changed everything.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did he ask how he could help?

Yes, he asked how he could help. Did he ask about the man's wife or the man's work?

He asked the man about his wife. What could he see now? He could see the full picture. Now, >> extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> We judge a person's behavior from one small piece of their day.

We see the noise. We do not see the hospital.

Do we see the hospital?

No, we see the noise. We do not see the hospital. Do we judge from one small piece or from the full picture?

We judge a person's behavior from one small piece of their day. What do we see? We see the noise. Congratulations. >> Understand first. Judge later if you still need to.

Think of one person who seemed lazy to you this week.

Don't ask what is wrong with this person. Ask what don't I know?

Let's jump into it. >> Should you judge first?

No, understand first. Judge later if you still need to. Should you ask what is wrong or what you don't know?

Ask what don't I know? Who should you think of?

Think of one person who seemed lazy to you this week.

The grammar we practice today, possessive e. They pulled at people's newspapers. The passengers were angry at the children's behavior. The father's eyes opened slowly. The children's mother died there about 1 hour before.

Congratulations. You practiced 338 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's all working.

>> [laughter] >> How to win friends and influence people.

It really helps.

50,000 names. 50,000 Names from the book How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Cariegi. Thousand brick president. Goodbye. State probably 50 election. Greet campaign. At 10, a boy lost his father. At 10:00, he went to work.

He worked in a brickyard, a place where people make bricks.

Did the boy lose his father at 10?

Yes. At 10, a boy lost his father. At 10, did he go to school or to work at 10? He went to work. Where did he work?

He worked in a brickyard, a place where people make bricks. >> All day he carried sand and put it into shapes for bricks.

He never went to high school. He did not have much money.

Did he go to high school?

No. He never went to high school. Did he carry sand or books all day?

All day he carried sand and put it into shapes for bricks. What did he not have? He did not have much money.

He had one small gift. People liked him. [laughter]

And he made that gift stronger with one simple habit.

Did people like him?

Yes, people liked him. Was his gift big or small?

He had one small gift. How did he make that gift stronger?

He made that gift stronger with one simple habit.

When he met a new person, he asked for their full name.

He also asked about their family, their work and their ideas.

Did he ask for their full name?

Yes, he asked for their full name. Did he ask about their family or their money?

He asked about their family, their work, and their ideas. When did he ask for their name?

When he met a new person, he asked for their full name. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. >> He kept all of it in his head like a picture.

A year later, he met the same person again.

>> Did he meet the same person again?

Yes. A year later, he met the same person again. Did he keep the names on paper or in his head? He kept all of it in his head. What did he keep in his head?

He kept all of it in his head like a picture. >> Well done. Yeah, I'm coming. >> He greeted them by name and asked about their family by name.

People were surprised. >> [laughter] >> They felt important and they liked him even more.

Did he greet them by name?

Yes, he greeted them by name. Were people angry or surprised? People were surprised. They felt important. How did he greet them?

He greeted them by name and asked about their family by name.

>> Years later, a writer asked him the secret [clears throat] of his success.

hard work, he said. The writer did not believe it was so simple.

Did the writer believe it was so simple?

No, the writer did not believe it was so simple. Was his secret luck or hard work?

His secret was hard work. who asked him the secret of his success.

A writer asked him the secret of his success.

The writer said he heard the man knew 10,000 names.

He answered, "No, you are wrong. I can call 50,000 people by their first names.

Did the man know only 10,000 names?

No, he could call 50,000 people by their first names. Could he call 10,000 or 50,000 people by name?

by their first names. What did the writer hear?

He heard the man knew 10,000 names. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> Later, he helped a man run for president. It [cheering] was a big campaign.

For the campaign, he traveled to 20 states. In each state, he met people

Great. Did he help a man run for president?

Yes, he helped a man run for president. Was it a big campaign or a small campaign?

It was a big campaign. How many states did he travel to?

For the campaign, he traveled to 20 states.

Later he wrote to each of them by name.

That man was Franklin Roosevelt. He won the election and became president.

Did the man win the election?

Yes, he won the election and became president. Did he write to them by number or by name?

He wrote to each of them by name. Who was that man?

That man was Franklin Roosevelt. >> That's great. The election was his and the boy, you probably do not know his name.

His name was Jim Farley. 50,000 people knew it because he knew theirs.

Was the election his?

Yes, the election was his. Do you know the boy's name or not? You probably do not know his name. Why did 50,000 people know his name?

50,000 people knew it because he knew theirs.

Farley knew what each person loves to hear most, their own name.

Here is a simple recipe for this week.

How did Farley know what each person loves to hear?

Yes. Farley knew what each person loves to hear most. Is the recipe for this week or next year?

Here is a simple recipe for this week. What does each person love to hear most?

Each person loves [clears throat] to hear their own name. >> All right, back to the story. >> Greet someone new and give your name. Then ask for theirs and say it back.

Ask one question about their life and listen to the answer.

speaking. After you give your name, do you ask for theirs?

Yes. Give your name then ask for theirs. Do you greet someone new or only old friends?

Greet someone new and give your name. What do you ask about?

Ask one question about their life and listen to the answer. >> Congratulations. When you say goodbye, use the name again. Not yours. Theirs.

After the goodbye, write the name down with one thing you learned.

Dale Carnegie put Farley in his famous book. Next time, the name people remember will probably be yours.

Let's jump into it. >> When you say goodbye, do you use your name?

No, not yours. Theirs. Do you write the name down before or after the goodbye.

After the goodbye, write the name down. Whose name will people probably remember next time?

Next time, the name people remember will probably be yours.

The grammar we practice today, possessive pronouns. The election was his. 50,000 people knew it because he knew theirs. Then ask for theirs and say it back, not yours.

Congratulations. You practiced 347 words in this story. And you learned a lot.

This is amazing. Can't hurt me. Extreme

Okay.

The Easy Excuse. The Easy Excuse from the book Can't Hurt Me by David Gogggins. Excuse blood. Rescue. Danger. Medical. Join. Gain ashamed. partly swimmer. A young man quit. He had a good [clears throat] reason.

Or did he Keep that question for now.

His name is David Gogggins. After school, he joined the American Air Force.

Awesome. More. Okay, let's go. >> Did the young man quit?

Yes, the young man quit. He had a good reason. Did he join the Air Force or a school team?

He joined the American Air Force. Who quit?

A young man quit. His name is David Gogggins.

He wanted to [snorts] join a special rescue team. They save people in danger.

The training was very hard. He was strong and he ran well.

Did he want to join a rescue team?

Yes. He wanted to join a special rescue team. >> [laughter] >> Was the training hard or easy?

The training was very hard. Who does the rescue team save?

They save people in danger. >> I'm super proud of you. >> There was one big problem. The water. He was afraid of it.

He was not a good swimmer. Every water test made his heart race.

speaking skills. >> Was he a good swimmer?

No, he was not a good swimmer. Was he afraid of the water or of running? He was afraid of the water. What made his heart race?

Every water test made his heart race.

Day after day, the water tests got harder and his fear grew.

Then a doctor gave him some news. A blood test found a problem.

Did his fear grow?

Yes. Day after day, his fear grew. Did a doctor or a teacher give him news? A doctor gave him some news. What did the blood test find?

A blood test found a problem. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> It was a medical problem. Sickle cell trait. In hard training, it can bring danger.

They took him out of training. Later he had a chance to start again.

Was it a medical problem?

Yes. It was a medical problem. Sickle cell trait. Did they take him out of training or keep him in? They took him out of training. What can it bring in hard training?

In hard training, it can bring danger. >> Now imagine you are him. You are afraid of the water every day.

Now you have a real medical reason to leave.

Do you have a medical reason to leave?

Yes, you have a real medical reason to leave. Is your reason real or false?

You have a real medical reason to leave. What are you afraid of? Every day

you are afraid of the water. Every day >> congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Nobody will call you weak. Nobody will make you feel ashamed.

What would you choose? Would you start again or walk away?

Great. >> Will anybody make you feel ashamed?

No, nobody will make you feel ashamed. Would you start again or walk away? I would start again. What will nobody call you?

Nobody will call you weak.

He walked away. He left the rescue training and did not go back.

He told people it was his blood. [clears throat] It was an easy story. Years later, he told the truth about that day.

I have your job. >> Did he go back to the rescue training?

No, he left the rescue training and did not go back. Did he tell people it was his blood or his fear?

He told people it was his blood. What did he tell years later? Years

later, he told the truth about that day.

real reason. The real reason was fear.

He was afraid of the water. The test gave him an easy way out.

Was the blood test the real reason?

No, the blood test was not the real reason. Was the real reason fear or money?

The real reason was fear. What did the test give him?

The test gave him an easy way out.

That easy way out felt free. It cost him years.

Later he left the air force. He took a job he did not love.

Did the easy way out cost him anything?

Yes, it cost him years. Did he stay in the air force or leave it?

Later he [clears throat] left the air force. What did he take after the Air Force? He took a job he did not love. >> Well done. >> He gained a lot of weight and he felt ashamed of himself.

Much later he lost the weight he gained and faced his fear.

Did he gain a lot of weight?

Yes, he gained a lot of weight. Did he feel proud or ashamed?

He felt ashamed of himself. What did he do much later,

much later, he lost the weight he gained and faced his fear. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. He went back to the water and became a better swimmer.

An easy excuse feels free. It can cost you years.

Excuses are dangerous because they are often partly true.

Did he become a better swimmer?

Yes, he went back to the water and became a better swimmer. Does an easy excuse feel free or expensive?

An easy excuse feels free. It can cost you years. Why are excuses dangerous?

Excuses are dangerous because they are often partly true. And let's continue. >> Maybe you stopped English once. You said you had no time or no teacher.

Maybe that was partly true. Still look behind it.

What is the real reason you stopped? And is that reason worth your years?

Let's jump into it. >> Did you say you had no time?

Yes. You said you had no time or no teacher. Was that reason fully true or partly true?

Maybe that was partly true. Where should you look now?

Look behind it. Find the real reason you stopped.

The grammar we practiced today, past simple, irregular verbs. A young man quit. Day after day, the water tests got harder and his fear grew. Then a doctor gave him some news. A blood test found a problem.

Congratulations. You practiced 354 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Congratulations.

Awesome. Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.

Perfection

unique, but it's a nice time to think about innovation. The gold mine. The Gold Mine from the book Steve Jobs by Walter Isaxson. Mouse. Lab. Copy. Scientist. Comfortable. Excited. Amazing. Proud. Deal. Risky. In the 1970s, a big company made an amazing new computer.

The company was Xerox. It was famous for its copy machines.

Its scientists worked in a lab in California.

Did Xerox make an amazing new computer?

Yes, Xerox made an amazing new computer. Was Xerox famous for copy machines or cars?

It was famous for its copy machines. Where did its scientists work?

Its scientists worked in a lab in California.

The computer had windows on the screen. It had small pictures called icons.

And it had a mouse. You moved it with your hand.

Did the computer have a mouse?

Yes, it had a mouse. Did you move the mouse with your hand or your foot? You moved it with your hand. What did the computer have on the screen?

The computer had windows on the screen. incoming. >> Today, every computer works like this. Then almost nobody knew a computer like this.

The scientists were proud. Xerox was happy with its copy machines.

Did many people know a computer like this then?

No. Then almost nobody knew a computer like this. Were the scientists proud or sad? The scientists were proud. What was Xerox happy with?

Xerox was happy with its copy machines. >> All right, back to the story. >> In December 1979, a young man came to see the lab. His

name was Steve Jobs. He led a young company called Apple.

Awesome. Did a young man come to see the lab?

Yes. In December 1979, a young man came to see the lab. Did he lead Apple or Xerox?

He led a young company called Apple. What was his name?

His name was Steve Jobs. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. Why did Xerox let him in? Because of a business deal with Apple.

In the deal, Xerox could buy a small part of Apple.

Did Xerox let him in?

Yes, Xerox let him in because of a business deal. Was it a business deal or a gift?

It was a business deal with Apple. What could Xerox buy in the deal

in the deal? Xerox could buy a small part of Apple. >> That's amazing. The scientist showed him their amazing computer. He watched the mouse and the windows.

How did he feel? He became very excited. He moved around the room.

Great. Now, >> did the scientists show him their amazing computer?

Yes. The scientists showed him their amazing computer. Was he bored or excited?

He became very excited. What did he watch?

He watched the mouse and the windows. >> Awesome. He shouted that Xerox was sitting on a gold mine.

He asked why they were not doing anything with it.

Think for a moment. Why did Xerox wait?

with speaking. >> Did he shout?

Yes. He shouted that Xerox was sitting on a gold mine. Was Xerox sitting on a gold mine or a rock?

Xerox was sitting on a gold mine. What did he ask?

He asked why they were not doing anything with it. Let's jump into the Let's keep it up. Its leaders were comfortable. Copy machines made them a lot of money.

A new kind of computer felt risky, so they moved slowly.

Were its leaders comfortable?

Yes, its leaders were comfortable. Did a new computer feel safe or risky?

A new kind of computer felt risky. [clears throat] Why did Xerox wait?

Its leaders were comfortable. A new computer felt risky.

>> And what did Jobs do? He went back to Apple and started fast.

His team built these ideas into the Lisa and then the Mac.

Let's jump into it. >> Did jobs move slowly?

No, Jobs did not move slowly. Did his team build the Lisa or a copy machine? His team built these ideas into the Lisa and then the Mac. What did Jobs do?

He went back to Apple and started fast.

They made the mouse cheaper and simpler for normal people.

The Mac came out in 1984. Did people like it? They love you. [applause]

Did people like the Mac?

Yes, people loved it. Did they make the mouse cheaper or more expensive?

They made the mouse cheaper and simpler for normal people. When did the Mac come out?

The Mac came out in 1984.

>> Xerox made a computer with these ideas, too. It cost too much and few people bought it.

So, did the first company win with its own idea? No.

Did Xerox make a computer with these ideas, too?

Yes, Xerox made a computer with these ideas, too. Did the first company win or lose with its idea?

The first company did not win with its own idea. Why did few people buy it?

Few people bought it because it cost too much. Its proud scientists had the gold mine in their own lab. Someone else moved first.

An idea is worth nothing until someone acts on it.

Many of us have a gold mine like this.

Did Xerox have the gold mine in its own lab?

Yes, its proud scientists had the gold mine in their own lab. Did Xerox move first or someone else?

Someone else moved first. What is an idea worth?

An idea is worth nothing until someone acts on it.

Maybe it is a plan to speak English every day. We feel excited about it.

>> [sighs and gasps] >> Then we feel comfortable and starting feels risky. So we wait.

So what is your gold mine and what can you do with it today?

Let's jump into it. >> Do we feel excited about our plan?

Yes, we feel excited about it. Do we start or do we wait?

We feel comfortable so we wait. What is your gold mine?

My gold mine is a plan to speak English every day.

The grammar we practice today, past simple questions. Why did Xerox let him in? How did he feel? Why did Xerox wait? And what did Jobs do?

Congratulations. You practiced 354 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's going to be a lot different.

Foreign

speech. Foreign speech.

native speakers.

English.

foreign.

Awesome.

WhatsApp.

and

what The empty page. >> The empty page from the book Alibaba by Duncan Clark. Click online ugly. Translation arrive common obvious web invention puzzle. In 1995, a new invention was growing fast in America, the internet.

in China. Very few people knew about this invention.

Who was Jack Ma? He was an English teacher from Hanjo in China.

Awesome. Okay, let's go. >> Was the internet a new invention in 1995?

Yes. In 1995, the internet was a new invention. Did many people or few people in China know about it?

Very few people in China knew about this invention. Who was Jack Ma?

He was an English teacher from Hangjo in China.

>> He also had a small translation company. It helped people with English.

That year he traveled to America for work as a translator.

Did he have a translation company?

Yes, he had a small translation company. Did he travel to America for work or for fun?

He traveled to America for work as a translator. What did his company help people with? It helped people with English.

Where did he first see the internet? In Seattle, a friend showed him

later. He said he was afraid to touch the computer at first.

>> Did a friend show him the internet?

Yes, a friend showed him the internet in Seattle. Was he afraid or happy to touch the computer?

He was afraid to touch the computer at first. Where did he first see the internet?

He first saw the internet in Seattle.

Then he typed the name of a common product. Click

results came from America and from Germany. There were none from China.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did he type the name of a common product?

Yes, he typed the name of a common product. Were there results from China or none?

There were none from China. Where did the results come from?

Results came from America and from Germany. Then he typed just one word. China. Click. Nothing.

Over

a billion people in China and nothing about them online.

Here is the puzzle. What did this empty page mean?

>> Was there anything about China online?

No, there was nothing about them online. After the click, did he see a full page or an empty page?

After the click, he saw nothing. The page was empty. What is the puzzle?

The puzzle is what did this element page mean?

>> Many would say China was not ready. The internet was not for them.

That was the obvious answer. It meant stop or waiting

skills. Would many people say China was not ready?

Yes. Many would say China was not ready. Was that answer obvious or strange? That was the obvious answer. What did the obvious answer mean?

It meant stop or wait.

Jack saw the puzzle differently. To him, the empty page was an open door.

Why was the page empty? Nobody from China was on the web yet.

Did Jack see the puzzle differently? [clears throat]

Yes, Jack saw the puzzle differently. Was the empty page a wall or an open door?

To him the empty page was an open door. Why was the page empty?

Nobody from China was on the web yet. >> That's amazing. >> Who could be the first one there? Maybe he [snorts] could.

He did not wait until he was back in China. He acted right there.

Awesome. Wait, let's go. >> Did he wait until he was back in China?

No, he did not wait. He acted right there. Did he act in America or back in China?

He acted right there in America. Who could be the first one there? Maybe he could be the first one there.

friends helped him make a web page for his translation company.

It was not beautiful. Jack himself later called it ugly. [laughter]

They put the page online in the morning. Then Jack waited.

Did friends help him make a web page?

Yes, friends helped him make a web page for his translation company. Was the page beautiful or ugly?

It was not beautiful. Jack himself later called it ugly. When did they put the page online?

They put the page online in the morning. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> How long did he wait? only a few hours. Then emails arrived.

The page was ugly. Still people wanted to know more about him.

This moment is in Duncan Clark's book Alibaba.

Did emails arrive?

Yes. [sighs] Then emails arrived. Did people want to know more or less about him?

People wanted to know more about him. How long did he wait?

He waited only a few hours. >> All right, back to the story. >> When he arrived home, he had a new dream. A few years later, he started Alibaba.

The missing thing was his chance. He moved before it was obvious to others.

Did he have a new dream when he arrived home?

Yes. When he arrived home, he had a new dream. Did he move before or after others saw the chance?

He moved before it was obvious to others. What did he start a few years later?

A few years later, he started Alibaba.

>> When you see an empty space before others, move.

>> [sighs and gasps] >> Many people see an empty page. A common thought is nothing here for me.

Great. >> Should you move when you see an empty space?

Yes. When you see an empty space before others move, is that thought common or rare?

A common thought is nothing here for me. What do many people think?

Many people think nothing here for me. And let's continue. >> Maybe nobody in your family explains things in English. Maybe that is your space.

This week, [gasps] find one empty page in your world. Be the first to fill it.

Let's jump into it. Does everybody in your family explain things in English?

No. Maybe nobody in my family explains things in English. Should you be the first or the last to fill it? Be the first to fill it. What should you find this week?

This week, find one empty page in your world.

The grammar we practice today. Question words. Who was Jackmar? Where did he first see the internet? What did this empty page mean? Why was the page empty?

Congratulations. You practiced 354 words in this story and you learned a lot.

>> [laughter]

>> Great job. Awake the giant within. for

social media.

Next vitamin D.

The knock. The knock from the [clears throat] book Awaken the Giant Within by Tony Robbins. Knock. Turkey. Stranger. Worried. Receive. Frozen kindness. 11. Neighbor. Generous. Knock knock. It is Thanksgiving and there isn't any food in the house. [clears throat]

across America. Families sit down to a big dinner on this day. Awesome.

Talk more. Okay, let's go. >> Is there any food in the house?

No, there isn't any food in the house. Do families sit down to a big dinner or a small snack.

Families sit down to a big dinner on this day. What day is it? It is Thanksgiving. >> In one small home, there is no big dinner this year.

A boy named Tony Robbins is 11 years old. His family is poor.

Is the boy 11 years old?

Yes, the boy is 11 years old. Is his family rich or poor? His family is poor. What is the boy's name?

His name is Tony Robbins.

>> There isn't any money for food. There is no turkey on the table.

The house is not happy today. Everyone is sad and worried.

Is there any money for food?

No, there isn't any money for food. Is everyone happy or worried?

Everyone is sad and worried what is not on the table.

There is no turkey on the table.

>> Imagine you are 11. You want to help but you have nothing.

Then there is a knock at the door. The boy opens it.

Awesome. Let's go. Is there a knock at the door? [clears throat]

Yes, there is a knock at the door. Does the boy open the door or hide?

The boy opens it. What do you want to do if you are 11?

You want to help, but you have nothing.

A man is standing there. He's not a neighbor. The boy does not know him.

He is holding some bags of food and a big frozen turkey.

Is the man a neighbor?

No, he is not a neighbor. The boy does not know him. Is the turkey frozen or cooked?

It is a big frozen turkey. What is the man holding?

He is holding some bags of food and a big frozen turkey. >> Well done. >> The food is for this family. It is a generous gift from strangers.

Nobody in the family asked for any help. Somebody still thought of them.

Did the family ask for any help?

No. Nobody in the family asked for any help. Is the gift small or generous?

It is a generous gift from strangers. Who is the food for?

The food is for this family. >> The boy looks at the food for a long time.

He understands something new. Strangers can care about you.

Does the boy look at the food for a long time?

Yes. The boy looks at the food for a long time. Can strangers care about you or not?

Strangers can care about you. What does the boy understand?

He understands that strangers can care about you

>> and he makes a quiet decision. One day he will do the same.

years pass and the boy grows up. He is not rich, but he is generous.

Does the boy make a quiet decision?

Yes, he makes a quiet decision. Is he rich or generous when he grows up?

He is not rich, but he is generous. What will he do one day?

One day he will do the same. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> Still on Thanksgiving, he buys some food with the money he has.

He takes the food to two families who need it.

He knocks on their doors the same way the stranger did.

Does he buy some food?

Yes, he buys some food with the money he has. Does he take the food to two families or to one?

He takes the food to two families who need it. How does he knock on their doors?

He knocks the same way the stranger did. The next year there are more families. Then more and more.

Today his work gives food to millions of people.

It all started with one knock and one frozen turkey.

Awesome. Are there more families the next year?

>> Yes. The next year there are more families. Does his work feed hundreds or millions of people?

Today his work gives food to millions of people. What did it all start with?

It all started with one knock and one frozen turkey. >> That's great. >> He still tells this story today. He never forgot that knock.

Kindness is not only something you receive. It is something you pass on.

Let's jump into it. >> Did he forget that knock?

No, he never forgot that knock. Is kindness only something you receive or something you pass on?

It is something you pass on. What does he still tell today?

He still tells this story today. >> I'm super proud of you. >> Now, think of your own story. Someone helped you once.

Maybe a teacher or a neighbor taught you your first English words.

You received kindness. Then that was your knock at the door.

Did someone help you once?

Yes. [sighs] Someone helped me once. Was it a teacher or a neighbor?

Maybe a teacher or a neighbor taught me my first English words. What did you receive then?

I received kindness then. >> All right. Now it is your turn. Are you worried that you have nothing to give?

Today, help a neighbor or a friend with some English words.

It is a small gift. Small gifts can start big things.

Let's jump into it. >> Is it your turn now?

Yes. Now it is my turn. Is it a big gift or a small gift?

It is a small gift. Small gifts can start big things. Who can you help today?

Today I can help a neighbor or a friend with some English words.

The grammar we practice today some any it is Thanksgiving and there isn't any food in the house. There isn't any money for food. He is holding some bags of food and a big frozen turkey. Nobody in the family asked for any help. Congratulations. You practiced 354 words in this story and you learned a

lot.

Congratulations, the Infinity Game.

Right. I love the concept. I love this book. Words and shelves. Words and shelves from the book The Infinite Game by Simon Synynic. Shelf counter match. Billion act healthy surprised pharmacy refuge principle. This is a story about money, health and one hard question.

In America, there is a big pharmacy company called CVS. It has thousands of shops.

Is CVS a pharmacy company?

Yes, CVS is a big pharmacy company in America. Does it have many shops or only one? It has thousands of shops. What is this story about?

It is about money, health and one hard question. Listen, >> many people go there to buy medicine and ask for health advice.

The company [gasps] wanted to help people become healthier. That was its big goal.

Do many people go there for medicine?

Yes. Many people go there to buy medicine. Did the company want people to be healthier or sicker?

The company wanted to help people become healthier. What was its big goal? [clears throat]

Its big goal was to help people become healthier.

But the shops also sold something else behind the counter. Cigarettes

They made a lot of money for the company. Every year about $2 billion.

>> Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Did the cigarettes make a lot of money?

Yes, they made a lot of money for the company. Were the cigarettes behind the counter or near the door?

They were behind the counter. How much money did they make every year?

They made about $2 billion every year. And everyone knew that cigarettes are not healthy. They make many people very sick.

So there was a problem. The company said one thing and sold another thing.

Let's jump into it. >> Are cigarettes healthy?

No. Cigarettes are not healthy. Do they make a few people or many people sick?

They make many people very sick. What was the problem?

The company said one thing and sold another thing. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> Now imagine you are Larry Merlo, the boss of this company.

You have many workers. You have owners who want more money every year.

Clean it a bit. >> Does the boss have many workers?

Yes, the boss has many workers. Do the owners want more money or less money?

They want more money every year. Who is Larry Merlo?

He is the boss of this company.

$2 billion is a lot of money. Other shops sell cigarettes, too.

If you refuse to sell them, customers can go to other shops.

What >> is $2 billion a lot of money?

Yes. $2 billion is a lot of money. If you refuse, can customers go to other shops or not?

If you refuse to sell them, customers can go to other shops. What do other shops sell to? Other shops sell cigarettes, too. >> What do you do? Do you keep the money or do you keep your principal?

In February 2014, Merlo told the world his answer.

Did Merlo tell the world his answer?

Yes. In February 2014, Merlo told the world his answer. Do you keep the money or your principle?

I keep my principle. When did Merlo tell the world

he told the world in February 2014, >> "Congratulations. Let's keep going." >> He decided to refuse this money. No more cigarettes in any of the shops.

He did not take much time. In September, cigarettes left the shelves behind every counter.

Did he refuse the money?

Yes, he decided to refuse this money. Did he take much time or little time?

He did not take much time. Where were the shelves?

The shelves were behind every counter.

>> The company also took a new name, CVS Health.

Many people were surprised. Some said it was a bad move for business.

Were many people surprised?

Yes, many people were surprised. Did some say it was a good move or a bad move?

Some said it was a bad move for business. What new name did the company take?

The company took a new name, CVS Health. That's great. Simon Synynic tells this story in his book, The Infinite Game.

For him, this boss chose a principle over easy money.

He did not only talk about health, he acted for health.

Did he act for health?

Yes. He did not only talk about health, he acted for health. Did the boss choose a principle or easy money?

This boss chose a principle over easy money. Who tells this story in a book?

Simon Synynic tells this story in his book, The Infinite Game.

>> Did the company die? No, it is still one of the biggest pharmacy companies in America.

Now what it said and what it sold matched at last.

Did the company die?

No, the company did not die. Do its words and its shells match now or not?

Now what it said and what it sold matched at last. How big is the company today?

It is still one of the biggest pharmacy companies in America. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> You tell people that English is very important to you.

Then look at your phone and your week. Do they match your words?

speaking skills. >> Do you tell people English is important?

Yes, I tell people that English is very important to me. Do your phone and your week match your words or not?

Maybe they do not match my words yet. What should you look at?

Look at your phone and your weak. That's amazing. Let's jump into >> Is one thing on your shelf wrong for your goal? You can take it away.

Your [gasps and sighs] friends may be surprised at first. Act anyway.

Do not ask what is easy today. Ask what fits the person I want to be.

Let's jump into it. >> Can you take one thing off your shelf?

Yes, you can take it away. Should you wait or act anyway?

Your friends may be surprised. act anyway. What should you ask?

Ask what fits the person I want to be.

The grammar we practice today. Much, many, a lot of. Many people go there to buy medicine and ask for health advice. They made a lot of money for the company. They make many people very sick. You have many workers. Congratulations.

You practiced 351 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's amazing. Awesome. Amazing.

How to develop self-confidence and influence people. Public speaking. Public speaking. Public speaking. Public speaking.

I know how to start.

The man who walked out. >> The man who walked out from the book How to Develop Self-Confidence and Influence People by Public Speaking by Dale Cariegi. Subject: Confidence. Silence. Invite. Enjoy. Shake. Party level clap political. It is evening in Florida. A big dinner room is full of people.

The dinner is for the Giants, a famous baseball [cheering] team.

Is the dinner in Florida?

>> Yes, it is evening in Florida. Is the dinner room full or empty?

It is full. A big dinner room is full of people. Who is the dinner for?

The dinner is for the Giants, a famous baseball team.

>> One guest is a doctor from Brooklyn in New York. He enjoys baseball.

This winter he often comes to watch the team practice. So they invite him tonight.

Does the doctor often come to watch the team?

Yes, he often comes to watch the team practice. Does he enjoy baseball or hate it? He enjoys baseball. Why do they invite him tonight?

He often comes to watch the team practice. So they invite him tonight.

Dale Carnegie gives him the name Dr. Curtis. It is not his real name.

Now dinner is over. Some guests stand up and say a few words.

speaking. Is Curtis his real name?

No, it is not his real name. Do some guests sit down or stand up?

Some guests stand up and say a few words. Who gives him the name Curtis?

Dale Carnegie gives him the name Doctor Curtis. >> I'm super proud of you. >> Then the host calls the doctor's name. He wants a talk on players health.

Imagine you are the doctor. You know this subject very well.

Awesome. Let's go. Does the host call the doctor's name?

Yes. The host calls the doctor's name. Does the host want to talk on health or on money?

He wants a talk on players health. How well does the doctor know this subject?

He knows this subject very well. >> You worked as a doctor for more than 30 years.

But you never spoke to a room of people. Not once.

Did he ever speak to a room of people?

No, he never spoke to a room of people. Not once. Did he work as a doctor for 3 years or 30 years?

He worked as a doctor for more than 30 years. How often did he speak to a room of people?

He never spoke to a room of people.

>> Your heart beats fast. Your hands shake. Every idea runs out of your head.

The people clap. [applause] They look at you and call for a speech.

Do your hands shake?

Yes. Your hands shake. Do the people clap or stay quiet? The people clap. What do the people call for?

They call for a speech.

>> You shake your head. They only clap louder. [applause]

So he stands up, turns his back, and walks out in silence.

speaking skills. Does he shake his head?

Yes, he shakes his head. Do the people clap louder or stop? They only clap louder. How does the doctor walk out?

He walks out in silence. >> Well done. He felt deep shame. He knew his subject and still he could not speak.

Back home in Brooklyn, he joined Cariegi's public speaking class.

temp. >> Did he know his subject?

Yes, he knew his subject and still he could not speak. Did he feel pride or shame?

He felt deep shame. What class did he join?

He joined CargI's public speaking class. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. He always prepared his talks. He practiced them at home. He never missed a class.

After a few classes, his fear became smaller. His confidence grew.

>> Did he always prepare his talks?

Yes, he always prepared his talks. Did he often miss a class or never miss a class? He never missed a class. What grew after a few classes? His confidence grew. >> That's amazing. >> After [sighs] two months, he was the best speaker in the whole group.

Soon people invited him to speak in [clears throat] other places. He enjoyed it.

Was he the best speaker in the group?

Yes. After two months, he was the best speaker in the whole group. Did he enjoy speaking or hate it? He enjoyed it. Where did people invite him to speak?

People invited him to speak in other places. That's great. Then a political party in New York heard one of his talks. [applause]

The party asked him to give political talks all over the city. [cheering]

Did a political party hear one of his talks?

Yes. A political party in New York heard one of his talks. Did the party ask him to speak in one room or all over the city?

The party asked him to give political talks all over the city. What did the party ask him to give?

The party asked him to give political talks. One year before he walked out of a dinner in silence.

Cargi wrote about him in his book on public speaking.

Did he walk out of a dinner in silence?

Yes. One year before he walked out of a dinner in silence. Did Cargi write about him in a book or a letter?

Cargi wrote about him in his book on public speaking. When did he walk out of a dinner?

One year before he walked out of a dinner in silence. >> He could hide from speaking forever. Instead, he chose the hard room every week.

Maybe you know that feeling. A teacher sometimes asks you something in English. Your mind goes empty.

Does a teacher sometimes ask you something in English?

Yes, a teacher sometimes asks you something in English. Did he hide or did he choose the hard room?

He chose the hard room every week. What happens to your mind?

Your mind goes empty. That's amazing. Let's jump into the empty mind is not your level. It is your starting line.

Your level can change. Your confidence can grow.

The doctor walked out once, then he walked back in. You can, too.

Let's jump into it. Is the empty mind your level?

No, the empty mind is not your level. It is your starting line. Can your level change or does it stay the same?

Your level can change. Your confidence can grow. What did the doctor do after he walked out? He walked back in.

The grammar we practice today, adverbs of frequency. This winter he often comes to watch the team practice. >> But you never spoke to a room of people. He always prepared his talks. He never missed a class.

Congratulations. You practiced 353 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's all working.

The government

crazy.

Okay. My name is 23 years old. I am from Saudi Arabia and I work as human resource specialist English.

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native speakers.

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interview. Come on.

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Awesome.

>> [laughter]

>> Speaking skills,

and so on.

onward Starbucks. Okay.

The locked door. The Locked Door from the book Onward by Howard Schultz. Coffee practice basic usual espresso forward already quality improve taste Tuesday the 26th of February 2008. It was early evening across America.

People

walked to their usual Starbucks for a coffee after work.

They pulled the door. It did not open. It was locked.

Did people walk to their usual Starbucks?

Yes. People walked to their usual Starbucks for a coffee after work. Was the door open or locked?

It was locked. It did not open. Why did people walk to the store?

They walked there for a coffee after work. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> They walked to another one. That door was locked, too. Over

7,000 of these stores closed at the same time.

They stayed closed for three and a half hours.

>> Awesome. Let's go. >> Was the other door locked too?

Yes, that door was locked, too. Did a few stores close or over 7,000 stores? Over 7,000 of these stores closed at the same time. How long did they stay closed?

They stayed closed for three and a half hours.

>> The news talked about it. Some people laughed at the company. [laughter]

The company was already losing customers, they said. Now it was losing even more.

Did some people laugh at the company?

Yes. Some people laughed at the company. Was the company already losing customers or getting more?

The company was already losing customers. They said, "What did the news do?" The news talked about it. >> That's great. Other coffee shops were happy. They had more customers that evening.

Maybe you think the company was giving up. From outside it looked that way.

Let's jump into it. >> Were other coffee shops happy?

Yes, other coffee shops were happy. Did other coffee shops have more customers or fewer?

They had more customers that evening. What did the company look like from outside?

From outside it looked like the company was giving up

>> and the company was in trouble. Fewer people were coming to its stores.

Now, here is the hidden fact. The stores were closed, but they were not empty. Awesome.

Was the company in trouble?

Yes, the company was in trouble. Were the closed stores empty or not empty?

The stores were closed, but they were not empty. What was the company's trouble?

Fewer people were coming to its stores. I'm super proud of you. Inside, more than 135,000 workers were learning. They were learning to make espresso well again.

They practiced the basics carefully. Good espresso, the right milk, the right taste. Awesome.

>> Were the workers learning to make espresso? Well,

Yes, they were learning to make espresso well again. Did they practice the basics carefully or quickly?

They practiced the basics carefully. How did they practice the basics?

They practiced the basics carefully. Good espresso, the right milk, the right taste. That's amazing. >> On the doors, there was a small sign. It said, "Great espresso needs practice.

a few weeks before Howard Schultz came back to lead the company.

Was there a sign on the doors?

Yes. On the doors there was a small sign. Did the sign say espresso needs practice or luck?

It said great espresso needs practice. Who came back to lead the company?

Howard Schultz came back to lead the company. He felt that the coffee had already lost some of its quality.

Some drinks were made too fast. Some did not have the right taste.

Had the coffee already lost some of its quality.

Yes, he felt that the coffee had already lost some of its quality. Were some drinks made too fast or too slowly?

Some drinks were made too fast. What was wrong with some drinks?

Some drinks were made too fast. Some did not have the right taste. >> So he made a hard choice. He closed the stores for one evening.

Now the same locked door had a new meaning.

>> Did he close the stores for one evening?

Yes, he closed the stores for one evening. Was it an easy choice or a hard choice?

He made a hard choice. What had a new meaning?

The same locked door had a new meaning.

>> It was not a company giving up. It was a company going back to basics.

Schulz knew that many people would laugh. He [laughter] did it anyway to improve the quality.

What's the company giving up?

No, it was not a company giving up. It was a company going back to basics. Did he do it to rest or to improve the quality?

He did it to improve the quality. What did Schultz know?

Schultz knew that many people would laugh.

Sometimes the fastest way forward is to stop and learn the basics again.

This is true for English too. Maybe you speak fast with your usual old mistakes.

Is this true for English too?

Yes, this is true for English too. Do you maybe speak fast or slowly?

Maybe you speak fast with your usual old mistakes. What is the fastest way forward?

Sometimes the fastest way forward is to stop and learn the basics again. >> Maybe you learn some sounds the wrong way many years ago.

So lock your own door for one hour. Go back to one simple sound.

Great. >> Did you maybe learn some sounds the wrong way?

Yes, maybe you learn some sounds the wrong way many years ago. Should you lock your door for 1 hour or one week?

Lock your own door for one hour. What should you go back to?

Go back to one simple sound. That's amazing. Let's jump into practice it slowly and carefully like a new learner. Great English needs practice, too.

Step back today and your English will improve. That is how you move forward.

Let's jump into it. >> Does great English need practice, too.

Yes, great English needs practice, too. Should you practice it quickly or slowly and carefully?

Practice it slowly and carefully like a new learner. What will happen to your English?

Step back today and your English will improve.

The grammar we practice today, adverbs of manner. They were learning to make espresso well again. They practiced the basics carefully. Some drinks were made too fast. Maybe you speak fast with your usual old mistakes.

Congratulations. You practiced 353 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Come on.

This is amazing. You know,

what's the difference? Too quiet. >> Too quiet. From the book Blink by Malcolm Ladwell. Kitchen feeling suddenly lieutenant spray basement sense ear experience. Usually a small house, a small fire. A very strange feeling.

This is Cleveland, a city in America. A fire truck stops outside a house.

Awesome. Okay, let's go. >> Is the feeling very strange?

Yes, it is a very strange feeling. Is the fire big or small? It is a small fire. Where does the fire truck stop?

A fire truck stops outside a house.

The house has one floor. The fire is in the kitchen at the back.

A fire lieutenant leads his men inside. He is the leader of the team.

speaking skills. Does the house have one floor?

Yes. The house has one floor. Is the fire in the kitchen or the bedroom?

The fire is in the kitchen at the back. Who leads the men inside?

A fire left tenant leads his men inside.

>> They stand in the living room. They spray water on the kitchen fire.

Usually water stops a small fire very fast. This fire does not stop.

Do they spray water on the fire?

Yes, they spray water on the kitchen fire. Does water usually stop a small fire very fast or very slowly?

Usually water stops a small fire very fast. Where do they stand?

They stand in the living room. They spray it again. The fire comes back again.

The men move back a little. They try one more time.

Then the lieutenant has a strange feeling. Something is very wrong here.

Great. Does the fire come back?

Yes. The fire comes back again. Is something very wrong or very good?

Something is very wrong here. What does the left tenant have?

The left tenant has a strange feeling.

>> He does not know what it is. He can only feel it.

Suddenly he shouts at his men to get out of the house.

The men do not ask why. They run outside.

Does he know what it is?

No. He does not know what it is. He can only feel it. Does he shout suddenly or slowly?

Suddenly he shouts at his men to get out of the house. What do the men do?

The men do not ask why. They run outside. Seconds later, the floor falls in. It is the floor where they were standing.

Now the truth comes out. The fire was not in the kitchen.

Does the floor fall in?

Yes. Seconds later, the floor falls in. Was the fire in the kitchen or not in the kitchen?

The fire was not in the kitchen. Which floor falls in?

It is the floor where they were standing. >> I'm super proud of you. >> The real fire was under the floor in the basement.

The men were standing right on top of the basement fire.

Let's jump into it. Was the real fire in the kitchen?

No, the real fire was under the floor in the basement. Was the real fire under the floor or in the living room?

The real fire was under the floor. Where were the men standing?

The men were standing right on top of the basement fire.

He shouted. He did not know.

He thought maybe it was a sixth sense, a kind of magic.

Did the lieutenant know why he shouted?

No, he did not know. Did he think it was a sixth sense or a lucky guess?

He thought maybe it was a sixth sense, a kind of magic. What did people ask the lieutenant? People

asked the lieutenant why he shouted. >> All right, back to the story. Malcolm Gladwell tells this story in his book Blink.

A scientist named Gary Klene asked the left tenant many questions.

Slowly the answer came out. It was not a sixth sense.

Was it a sixth sense?

No, it was not a sixth sense. Did Gary Klene ask many questions or a few?

He asked the lieutenant many questions. Who tells this story in his book Blink?

Malcolm Gladwell tells this story in his book Blink.

>> The room was too hot for a small kitchen fire.

and it was too quiet. Big fires are usually very loud.

Was the room too hot for a small kitchen fire?

Yes. The room was too hot for a small kitchen fire. Was the room too quiet or too loud?

It was too quiet. How are big fires usually?

Big fires are usually very loud. That's amazing. >> His mind knew many fires. It saw the problem before he did.

Many years of fires became one quiet feeling. Experience often talks like that.

How does experience often talk like that?

Yes, experience often talks like that. Did many years of fires become one quiet feeling or one loud shout?

Many years of fires became one quiet feeling. What saw the problem before [clears throat] he did.

His mind saw the problem. It knew many fires.

>> This is true for English too. Your ear learns from every sentence you hear.

One day a sentence will suddenly sound wrong. You will not know why. Awesome.

Will you know why the sentence sounds wrong? >> No, you will not know why. Will a sentence sound wrong slowly or suddenly?

One day a sentence will suddenly sound wrong. What does your ear learn from?

Your ear learns from every sentence you hear. >> Congratulations. >> Good. That feeling is not magic. It is your ears experience speaking to you.

Listen to that feeling first. Then check the rule.

Let's jump into it. Is that feeling magic?

No, that feeling is not magic. It is your ears experience. Should you listen to the feeling first or check the l first?

Listen to that feeling first. Then check the rule. What is that feeling?

It is your ears experience speaking to you.

The grammar we practice today very too. A very strange feeling. Usually water stops a small fire very fast. Something is very wrong here. The room was too hot for a small kitchen fire.

Congratulations. You practiced 340 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Congratulations. for

awesome. Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.

Perfection.

But it's a nice time to think about innovation. 10 seconds. >> 10 seconds from the book Steve Jobs by Walter Isacson. Code human extra add single summary. Repeat begin white several. Look at this old computer. It is small with a black and white screen.

This is the first Macintosh. People called it the Mac.

Walter Isaxson tells this story in his book Steve Jobs.

Awesome. Okay, let's go. >> Is the old computer small?

Yes, it is small with a black and white screen. Is the screen black and white or full of color?

It is small with a black and white screen. What did people call it? People called it the Mac. >> I'm super proud of you. >> Jobs led the team that built the Mac. He wanted it to be perfect. Before

the Mac was ready, he went to see an engineer.

>> Let's jump into it. Did Jobs want the Mac to be perfect?

Yes, he wanted it to be perfect. Did he go to see an engineer or a doctor?

He went to see an engineer who led the team that built the Mac.

Jobs led the team that built the Mac. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> The engineer was Larry Kenyon. He worked on the code that started the Mac.

Jobs had a problem with it. The Mac took too long to start.

>> Did Kenyon work on the code?

Yes, he worked on the code that started the Mac. Did the Mac start too fast or take too long?

A Mac took too long to start. Who was the engineer?

The engineer was Larry Kenyon. Kenyon began to explain why it was very hard to make it faster.

Jobs stopped him. Then he asked him a big question.

Was it hard to make the Mac faster?

Yes, [clears throat] it was very hard to make it faster. Did Kenyon begin to explain or begin to shout.

Kenyon began to explain why. What did Jobs ask him?

He asked him a big question. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up in Could Kenyan cut 10 seconds, he asked. to save a human life.

Now think for a moment. 10 seconds is very short. Does it really matter?

Did Jobs ask about a human life?

Yes. Could Kenyon cut 10 seconds? He asked to save a human life. Is 10 seconds very short or very long?

10 seconds is very short. How many seconds did Jobs want Kenyon to cut?

10 seconds. Could Kenyon [snorts] cut 10 seconds? He asked. >> Well done. >> The obvious answer is no. 10 seconds is nothing.

Jobs did not agree. He went to a big white board and picked up a pen.

Did Jobs agree?

No. Jobs did not agree. Did he go to a white board or a window?

He went to a big white board and picked up a pen. What is the obvious answer?

The obvious answer is no. 10 seconds is nothing. >> All right, back to the story. He said maybe 5 million people would use the Mac one day.

Every day each person would wait 10 extra seconds.

Can >> Would each person wait 10 extra seconds?

Yes. Every day each person would wait 10 extra seconds. Would 5,000 or 5 million people use the Mac?

Maybe 5 million people would use the Mac one day. How long would each person wait every day?

Each person would wait 10 extra seconds.

>> He added all those seconds together. The answer was very very big.

It was like several whole human lives lost every single year.

Did he add all those seconds together?

Yes, he added all those seconds together. Was the answer small or very big?

The answer was very very big. What was it like?

It was like several whole human lives last every single year. >> That's great. >> All that extra time lost to waiting just because of 10 small seconds.

Kenyon listened. Then he began to work on the code again.

Was all that extra time lost to waiting?

Yes. All that extra time was lost to waiting. Did Kenyon listen or walk away? Kenyon listened. What did Kenyon begin to do?

>> He began to work on the code again.

Let's keep it up. Several weeks later, he came back to jobs with new code.

Now the max started faster. Not 10 seconds faster, 28 seconds faster.

Did the mech start faster?

Yes. Now the max started faster. Was it 10 seconds faster or 28 seconds faster?

Not 10 seconds faster. 28 seconds faster. When did he come back to jobs?

Several weeks later, he came back to jobs with new code.

So what was the missing clue? It was not the seconds. It was the people.

For a single person, 10 seconds is small. for millions repeated every day. It is huge.

I'm sorry. >> Is 10 seconds small for a single person?

Yes. For a single person 10 seconds is small. Was the missing clue the seconds or the people?

It was not the seconds. It was the people. What is it for millions repeated every day

for millions repeated every day? It is huge. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. Small things repeated by millions of people become giant things.

This is also true for the small things you make for others.

Great. Is this also true for the small things you make?

Yes, this is also true for the small things you make for others. Do small things become giant things or stay small.

Small things repeated by millions of people become giant things. Who do you make small things for? You make them for others. >> And let's continue. >> A clearer message can save every person on your team sometime.

A good English summary can help a whole class, not just you.

Add a short summary to your next English email.

Carry one question with you today. What [clears throat] small thing can you make better for many people?

Let's jump into it. Can a clearer message save your team time?

Yes, a clearer message can save every person on your team some time. Can a good summary help only you or a whole class?

A good English summary can help a whole class, not just you. What can you add to your next English email?

Add a short summary to your next English email.

The grammar we practice today comparatives. It was very hard to make it faster. Now the Mac started faster. Not 10 seconds faster. 28 seconds faster.

Congratulations. You practiced 354 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Wait a It's going to be a lot different mindset.

Growth mindset.

It's It's such a great book.

The wrong way. The wrong way. From the book Mindset by Carol S. Dwick. Ball stadium crowd hero shame career football drop yard cross. Look at this man. He had the ball and he ran very fast.

It was 1964. He played American football for the Minnesota Vikings.

Did he have the ball.

Yes, he had the ball and he ran very fast. Did he play American football or baseball?

He played American football for the Minnesota Vikings. What year was it? It was 1964. His name was Jim Marshall. He was one of the strongest players on his team.

A player on the other team dropped the ball. Marshall picked it up.

>> Was he one of the strongest players on his team?

Yes, he was one of the strongest players on his team. Did a player on the other team drop the ball or kick it?

A player on the other team dropped the ball. What did Marshall do? Marshall picked it up. That's great. He ran yard after yard. Nobody could catch him. A hero, you think. [cheering]

The crowd was loud. His teammates [cheering] shouted at him too.

Could anyone catch him?

No, nobody could catch him. Was the crowd loud or quiet? The crowd was loud. How far did he run?

He ran yard after yard. That's amazing.

the line. Happy he threw the ball away.

Then a player from the other team came over and thanked him.

Did he cross the line?

Yes, he ran 66 yards and crossed the line. Did he keep the ball or throw it away?

Happy he threw [clears throat] the ball away. Who thanked him?

A player from the other team came over and thanked him.

Why? He was not a hero. He ran the wrong way toward his own team's end.

He crossed the wrong line. His mistake gave two points to the other team.

Let's jump into it. Was he a hero?

No, he was not a hero. He ran the wrong way. Did he run the right way or the wrong way?

He ran the wrong way toward his own team's end. What did his mistake give the other team? His mistake gave two points to the other team. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. The whole crowd in the stadium saw it. >> [laughter] >> It was the worst moment [clears throat] of his life.

Think for a moment. What would you do after a mistake like that? Awesome.

>> Was it the worst moment of his life?

Yes, it was the worst moment of his life. Did a few people see it or the whole crowd?

The whole crowd in the stadium saw it. Where was the crowd?

The whole crowd was in the stadium. >> Every eye in the stadium was on him.

The game was not over yet. Marshall had a choice.

He could sit in his shame or do something about it.

speaking. Was every eye in the stadium on him?

Yes. Every eye in the stadium was on him. Was the game over or not over yet?

The game was not over yet. What choice did Marshall have?

He could sit in his shame or do something about it. >> Well done. He later said, "If you make a mistake, you got to make it right."

So he did not hide. He went back onto the field with his team.

Awesome. Did he hide?

No, he did not hide. Did he go home or back onto the field?

He went back onto the field with his team. What did he later say?

If you make a mistake, you got to make it right.

In the end, his team held on and won the game. [cheering]

He did not hide in shame the next week either.

Great. Did he hide in shame the next week?

No, he did not hide in shame. the next week either. Did his team win or lose the game?

His team held on and won the game. When did his team win?

In the end, his team held on and won the game. >> All right, back to the story. >> His career went on for many more years. >> [cheering] >> He did not miss a single game.

It became one of the most famous mistakes in football. His team remembers what came after.

>> Did his career go on for many more years?

Yes, his career went on for many more years. Did he miss many games or not a single game?

He did not miss a single game. What did it become?

It became one of the most famous mistakes in football.

The mistake took a few seconds. His answer took the rest of his career.

Your worst mistake can be followed by your best effort.

>> Let's jump into it. Did the mistake take a few seconds?

Yes, the mistake took a few seconds. Did his answer take a few seconds or the rest of his career? His

answer took the rest of his career. What can follow your worst mistake?

Your worst mistake can be followed by your best effort.

>> This story lives in Carol Dwek's book, Mindset.

Maybe you made a mistake in English today. Maybe someone laughed.

>> Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Does this story live in the book Mindset?

Yes. This story lives in Carol Dwick's book, Mindset. Did someone maybe laugh or clap?

Maybe someone laughed. Where did you maybe make a mistake today?

Maybe you made a mistake in English today.

Maybe you said the wrong word at the worst time in class.

Your game is not over. Do not drop your head.

Say the right word again out loud. Then get back on the field.

Let's jump into it. Is your game over?

No, your game is not over. Do not drop your head. Did you say the wrong word at the best time or the worst time?

Maybe you said the wrong word at the worst time in class. Where should you get back

then? Get back on the field.

The grammar we practiced today, superlatives. He was one of the strongest players on his team. It was the worst moment of his life. It became one of the most famous mistakes in football. Your worst mistake can be followed by your best effort.

Congratulations. You practiced 347 words in this story and you learned a lot.

>> [laughter]

>> Great job. So let me stop you here for a second. People who have

foreign

Foreign

for

English. You can

Academy.

for

stick.

But anyways, awake the giant within. Foreign

speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.

social media. Yeah.

Alhamdulillah.

9,000 things. >> 9,000 things from the book Awaken the Giant Within by Tony Robbins. Truck. Mayor. Fuel. Motorcycle. Wheelchair. Businessman. Catch. Accident. Survive. Courage. A young man was riding his motorcycle in a big American city.

He was strong and happy. He had many plans for his life.

Was the young man riding a motorcycle?

Yes, he was riding his motorcycle in a big American city. Was he weak or was he strong?

He was strong. He was strong and happy. What did he have for his life?

He had many plans for his life. >> All right, back to the story. >> Then a truck turned in front of him. He could not stop.

He hit the truck. The fuel from his motorcycle caught fire.

The fuel burned fast. The fire burned most of his body. Could

he stop in front of the truck?

No, he could not stop. He hit the truck. Did the fuel catch fire or did the truck catch fire?

The fuel caught fire. The fuel from his motorcycle caught fire. What did the fire burn?

The fire burned most of his body. >> It was a terrible accident. He survived and he stayed in hospital for months.

He lost most of his fingers. His face looked very different. Life was hard.

Did he survive the accident?

Yes, he survived and he stayed in hospital for months. Was it a small accident or a terrible accident?

It was a terrible accident. What did he lose?

He lost most of his fingers.

He could not pick up a fork alone. He had to learn simple things again.

He did not stop. Slowly he started to work again.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Could he pick up a fork alone?

No, he could not pick up a fork alone. Did he stop or did he start to work again?

He did not stop. Slowly [snorts] he started to work again. What did he have to learn again?

He had to learn simple things again

with two friends. He started a company. It made wood stoves. He was a businessman now.

Then 4 years after the fire, a second accident caught him.

Let's jump into it. Was he a businessman? No.

Yes. He started a company with two friends. He was a businessman. Now, did the company make wood stoves or motorcycles?

It made wood stoves 4 years after the fire. What caught him?

A second accident caught him. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. He was flying a small plane. There was ice on its wings.

The plane crashed. He survived again, but he could not move his legs.

Was there ice on the wings?

Yes, there was ice on its wings. Was he flying a small plane or a big plane?

He was flying a small plane. After the crash, what could he not move?

He survived again, but he could not move his legs. >> I'm super proud of you. I guess >> he had to use a wheelchair for the rest of his life.

Many people would give up now. Would you? Would

many people give up now?

Yes, many people would give up now. Did he have to use a bike or a wheelchair?

He had to use a wheelchair. How long did he have to use a wheelchair?

He had to use a wheelchair for the rest of his life. That's great. He did not. With quiet courage, he counted what was left.

He said that before he could do 10,000 things.

Did he give up?

No, he did not. With quiet courage, he counted what was left. Did he count with courage or with fear?

He counted with quiet courage before. How many things could he do

before he could do 10,000 things? Now he could do 9,000. He wanted to use those.

He could not walk. He could still think, speak, and lead.

>> Awesome. Walked to the feet. Let's go. >> Could he walk? No, he could not walk. Could he do 9,000 things or nine things?

Now he could do 9,000 things. What could he still do?

He could still think, speak, and lead.

He became the mayor of a small town in Colorado.

As mayor, he helped save a mountain from a big mine.

His company did very well. He became a rich businessman.

Did he become the mayor of a small town?

Yes. He became the mayor of a small town in Colorado. As mayor, did he save a mountain or a river?

As mayor, he helped save a mountain from a big mine. When his company did well, what did he become? He became a rich businessman. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> Later, he spoke to thousands of people [applause] from his wheelchair.

You may not know his name. That is fine. His name is W. Mitchell.

Did he speak from his wheelchair?

Yes. He spoke to thousands of people from his wheelchair. Did he speak to 10 people or thousands of people? He spoke to thousands of people. What is his name?

His name is W. Mitchell.

He also wrote a book with a simple title. Here it is.

It's not what happens to you. It's what you do about it.

>> Did he write a book?

Yes. He also wrote a book with a simple title. Is it what happens to you or what you do about it?

It's not what happens to you, it's what you do about it. What kind of title does his book have?

He wrote a book with a simple title. incoming. >> You cannot choose every problem. You can choose your next step.

Maybe your English is not where you want it to be.

Can you choose every problem?

No, you cannot choose every problem. Can you choose your problems or your next step?

You can choose your next step. What may not be where you want it to be.

Maybe your English is not where you want it to be.

So count like he did. Write down what you can still do today.

Then choose one and do it. That is courage.

Let's jump into it. >> Is choosing one thing and doing it courage?

Yes. Choose one and do it. That is courage. [clears throat] Do you choose one thing or 10 things?

Choose one thing and do it. What do you write down today?

Write down what you can still do today.

The grammar we practice today. Could couldn't. He could not stop. He could not pick up a fork alone. He survived again, but he could not move his legs. He said that before he could do 10,000 things.

Congratulations. You practiced 349 words in this story and you learned a lot. Awesome.

onward Starbucks. Okay.

The couch from the book onward by Howard Schultz. Insurance. Couch. Memory. Ice. Power. Ankle. Hip. Guide. lie cast. One big investor, one bad year, one easy way to save money.

Howard Schultz, the boss of Starbucks, told this story many times.

Was there one easy way to save money?

Yes. One easy way to save money. Was Howard Schultz the boss of Starbucks or a worker?

Howard Schultz was the boss of Starbucks. How many times did he tell this story?

He told this story many times. >> It was the time of the big money crisis. The company was in trouble too.

The company had to cut costs and fast. The choice was his.

speaking. Did the company have to cut costs?

Yes, the company had to cut costs and fast. Was the company doing well or in trouble? The company was in trouble, too. Whose choice was it? The choice was his. >> The investor had an idea. Stop health insurance for workers who worked part-time.

Health insurance means the company helps pay when you see a doctor. Awesome.

Did the investor want to stop health insurance?

Yes. He wanted to stop health insurance for part-time workers. Was it for full-time workers or part-time workers?

It was for workers who worked parttime. What does health insurance mean?

The company helps pay when you see a doctor. Now was the perfect time. He said nobody would be surprised.

And you might think that is business. A company has to save money.

Does a company have to save money?

Yes, you might think a company has to save money. Was it the perfect time or a bad time? He said,

"Now was the perfect time." He said, "Who would be surprised?"

Nobody would be surprised.

>> To understand Schultz's answer, we have to go back to 1961.

Schultz was a boy of seven. His family lived in a small apartment in Brooklyn.

Let's jump into it. Do we have to go back to 1961?

Yes, we have to go back to 1961. Was Schulz a boy of seven or a man?

Schultz was a boy of seven. Where did his family live?

His family lived in a small apartment in Brooklyn. >> Well done. >> His father drove a truck. He took clean diapers for babies to people's homes.

It was a hard job. The pay was low.

Did his father drive a trunk?

Yes. His father drove a truck. Was the pay high or low?

The pay was low. It was a hard job. What did he take to people's homes?

He took clean diapers for babies to people's homes. >> All right, back to the story. >> One cold day in January, there was ice on the street. His father fell on the ice.

He broke his ankle and his hip. He could not walk or work.

speaking. Was there ice on the street?

Yes, there was ice on the street and his father fell on the ice. Did he break his arm or his ankle?

He broke his ankle and his hip. What could he not do?

He could not walk or work.

Then the company let him go. He lost his job.

He had no health insurance. And no money was coming in.

Did he have health insurance?

No, he had no health insurance. Did he keep his job or lose it? He lost his job. What was not coming in?

No money was coming in.

>> He had to lie on the couch. A cast went from his hip to his ankle.

that memory stayed with the boy. years later he wrote about it in his books.

Did his father have to lie on the couch?

Yes, he had to lie [clears throat] on the couch. Was the cast on his leg or on his arm?

The cast went from his hip to his ankle. What stayed with the boy?

That memory stayed with the boy.

So when the investor called, Schultz remembered his father lying on that couch in that cast. [clears throat]

He said, "No, part-time workers did not have to lose their insurance.

Did part-time workers have to lose their insurance?

No, part-time workers did not have to lose their insurance. Did Schulz say yes or no? He said no. When the investor called, what did Schultz remember

his father lying on that couch in that cast? That's great. If the investor did not agree, he could sell his shares.

It was not cheap. The company paid more for health care than for coffee.

Let's jump into it. >> Was it cheap?

>> No, it was not cheap. Did the company pay more for health care or for coffee?

The company paid more for health care than for coffee. If he did not agree, what could the investor do?

He could sell his shares. >> That's amazing. >> Power is a test of memory. Remember where you came from.

One day you may lead a team, a class or a company.

speaking skills. >> Is power a test of memory?

Yes, power is a test of memory. Do you remember where you came from or forget it?

Remember where you came from. one day. What may you lead

one day you may lead a team, a class or a company. >> That's amazing. yellow head. Let's jump into >> You will make choices for people who have less than you.

So remember your own hard days. [clears throat] You do not have to hide them. They are a guide.

Let that memory be your guide. When you have the power, who will you protect?

Final round. Do you have to hide your hard days?

No, you do not have to hide them. They are a guide. Are your hard days only pain or a guide?

They are not only pain. They are a guide. What can that memory be?

Let that memory be your guide.

The grammar we practice today have to don't have to. The company had to cut costs and fast. A company has to save money. To understand Schulz's answer, we have to go back to 1961. He had to lie on the couch.

Congratulations. You practiced 352 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's amazing. Awesome.

Amazing.

Rich dad, poor dad.

foreign.

for

foreign.

[sighs]

Danny,

please. for the video.

That's that's the difference. Guess bestselling not best writing. >> Bestselling not best writing from the book Rich Dad Poor Dad by Robert Kiyosaki. Interview author reporter literature respect novel present. scene master notebook. A quiet interview in Singapore. A young newspaper reporter opened her notebook.

She was there to interview a visiting author, Robert Kiyosaki.

Did the reporter open her notebook?

Yes. A young newspaper reporter opened her notebook. Was it a loud interview or a quiet interview?

It was a quiet interview in Singapore. Who was she there to interview?

She was there to interview a visiting author, Robert Kiosaki.

The reporter asked her questions and he answered. It was a normal day at work.

Then she told him about her own big dream.

a bit. >> Was it a normal day at work? [clears throat]

Yes, it was a normal day at work. Did the reporter ask questions or answer them?

The reporter asked her questions and he answered, "What did she tell him about?

She told him about her own big dream. >> All right, back to the story. >> She wanted to write novels. She dreamed of a bestselling novel one day.

So she asked him for advice. What should she do to get there?

Did she want to write novels?

Yes, she wanted to write novels. Did she dream of a bestselling novel or a newspaper?

She dreamed of a bestselling novel one day. What did she ask him?

She asked him for advice. What should she do to get there? >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> His answer was short. He said she should take a course in selling.

She was offended. She had a master's degree in English literature.

Great. Should she take a course in selling?

Yes. He said she should take a course in selling. Was his answer long or short?

His answer was short. What degree did she have?

She had a master's degree in English literature. That's great. >> Why should a writer learn to sell? She was a writer, not a saleserson.

Maybe you agree with her. You think a writer shouldn't sell.

Awesome. Should a writer learn to sell? She asked.

No. She thought she was a writer, not a saleserson. Do you think a writer should sell or shouldn't sell?

Maybe you agree with her. You think a writer shouldn't sell. What did she not want to be?

She was a writer, not a salesperson.

>> A writer writes, a seller sells. His advice sounds strange, even rude.

Maybe he did not respect her work. Maybe he did not respect literature.

Did his advice sound strange?

Yes, his advice sounds strange, even rude. Does a writer write or sell?

A writer writes, a seller sells. What did he maybe not respect?

Maybe he did not respect her work. Maybe he did not respect literature. >> Then he pointed to her notebook. He showed her what she had written.

Here is the hidden fact. It was in her own notes.

Did he point to her notebook?

Yes. He pointed to her notebook. Was the hidden fact in his book or in her notes?

It was in her own notes. What did he show her?

He showed her what she had written. >> That's amazing. >> Her notes said bestselling author. They did not say best writing author. His

books did not sell because of beautiful sentences. They sold because he could sell.

Did her note say best writing author?

No, they did not say best writing author. Did his book sell because of sentences or because he could sell?

They sold because he could sell. What did her notes say?

Her note said, "Bestelling author Now look at the same scene again with new eyes.

Maybe she had more writing skill than he did. He had one more skill.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did he have one more skill?

Yes, he had one more skill. Do we look at a new scene or the same scene?

Now look at the same scene again with new eyes. Who had more writing skill? Maybe

maybe she had more writing skill than he did.

That one skill was the difference. It turns a good book into a sold book.

Rich dad poor dad keeps this small scene. It is in the lesson about working to learn.

Let's jump into it. Does Rich Dead, Poor Dead keep this scene?

Yes. Rich Dad, Poor Dad keeps this small scene. Does that skill make a good book sold or bad?

It turns a good book into a sold book. What was the difference?

That one skill was the difference. His point is simple. One strong skill is not enough.

You should also learn to sell, speak and present your work.

Should you present your work?

Yes, you should also learn to sell, speak, and present your work. Is his point simple or hard? His point is simple. What is not enough?

One strong skill is not enough. Being good at your work is not enough. You must also learn to sell it.

This is true for your English too. Some learners even have a master's degree.

>> Awesome. Let's go. >> Do some learners have a master's degree?

Yes, some learners even have a master's degree. Is being good at your work enough or not enough?

Being good at your work is not enough. What must you also learn?

You must also learn to sell it. All right. Few can present an idea clearly in a meeting or an interview.

So you should practice both. Learn the language and learn to share your ideas in it.

Skill makes your work good. Selling makes your work seem

final round. Should you practice both?

Yes. So you should practice both. Can many people or few people present an idea clearly? Few

can present an idea clearly in a meeting or an interview. What makes your work seen?

Selling makes your work seen.

The grammar we practiced today. Should shouldn't. What should she do to get there? He said she should take a course in selling. Why should a writer learn to sell? You think a writer shouldn't sell?

Congratulations. You practiced 343 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's all working.

and

I

What happened? 8 to 5. >> 8 to 5 from the book Alibaba by Duncan Clark. Apartment coat circle. Weekend film video tech exist. Founder future 8 in the morning to 5 in the evening. Then we are not a tech company.

Jack Mah said words like these to a small group of friends.

Is it a tech company if you work 8 to 5?

No, then we are not a tech company. Did Jack Mah say this to friends or to a bank?

Jack Mah said words like these to a small group of friends who said these words.

Jack Mah said words like these. >> Well done. It was February 1999 in his small apartment in Hjo, China.

There were 18 people in the room with Jack. It was cold inside.

Was it cold inside?

Yes, it was cold inside. Was it in a big office or a small apartment?

It was in his small apartment in Hangjo, China. How many people were in the room?

There were 18 people in the room with Jack.

>> Some sat in their coats around him in a half circle.

Jack had tried internet companies before. They did not go the way he hoped.

Did they sit in their coats?

Yes. Some sat in their coats. Did they sit in a line or in a half circle?

They sat around him in a half circle. What had Jack tried before?

Jack had tried internet companies before. That's amazing. Now he was going to start again with his friends at home.

He asked someone to film the meeting. He believed it was going to be important one day. Awesome.

Was he going to start again?

Yes. Now he was going to start again with his friends at home. Did he ask someone to film the meeting or to leave?

He asked someone to film the meeting. What did he believe?

He believed it was going to be important one day. Think about that moment. The company did not exist yet. There was just a room and a plan.

Jack asked what the company was going to become in the future.

I'm sorry. >> Did the company exist yet?

No, the company did not exist yet. Was there an office or just a room and a plan? [clears throat]

There was just a room and a plan. What did Jack ask?

Jack asked what the company was going to become in the future. >> Then he told them the hard truth. He did not hide it.

The pay was going to be very low. The days were going to be very long.

Was the pay going to be high? [snorts]

No. The pay was going to be very low. Were the days going to be short? or long.

The days were going to be very long. What did he tell them?

He told them the hard truth.

They were going to work late and on many weekends too.

He did not promise them fast money. He promised them [snorts] hard work.

Were they going to work on weekends?

Yes, they were going to work late and on many weekends, too. Did he promise fast money or hard work?

He promised them hard work. What did he not promise them?

He did not promise them fast money.

Then they put their own savings together to start the company.

It came to about $60,000 all from their own pockets.

speaking. Did they put their own savings together?

Yes. They put their own savings together to start the company. Did the money come from banks or from their own pockets?

It came from their own pockets. How much money was it?

It came to about $60,000.

>> They called the company Alibaba. They worked in that apartment day and night, weekends too.

Later that year, the first big investors came.

>> Great. >> Did they work in that apartment on weekends, too?

Yes, they worked in that apartment day and night, weekends, too. Did they call the company Alibaba or Hang Joe?

They called the company Alibaba who came later that year.

Later that year, the first big investors came. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. Today, Alibaba is one of the biggest tech companies in China.

The people in that room are now known as the 18 founders.

Are the people in that room now known as founders?

Yes. The people in that room are now known as the 18 founders. Is Alibaba a small company or one of the biggest.

Today, Alibaba is one of the biggest tech companies in China. How many founders were there?

The people in that room are now known as the 18 founders.

Jack filmed that room for the future. The video still exists.

It shows the founders in their coats in a half circle.

Does the video still exist?

Yes, the video still exists. Did Jack film the room for the future or for fun?

Jack filmed that room for the future. What does the video show?

It shows the founders in their coats in a half circle.

The first words of this story are in that video.

Big companies often start in small rooms. They start with an honest promise.

Are the first words of this story in that video?

Yes, the first words of this story are in that video. Do big companies often start in big rooms or small rooms?

Big companies often start in small rooms. What do they start with?

They start with an honest promise. >> All right. The promise is not that it will be easy. The promise is that it will be hard.

Jack said the hard part first. Maybe that is why the right people stayed.

English is going to be hard and that is good news. Say it out loud and start tonight.

final round. Is English going to be hard?

Yes, English is going to be hard and that is good news. Is the promise that it will be easy or hard?

The promise is that it will be hard. What did Jack say first?

Jack said the hard part first.

The grammar we practiced today going to. Now he was going to start again with his friends at home. He believed it was going to be important one day. Jack asked what the company was going to become in the future. The pay was going to be very low.

Congratulations. You practiced 350 words in this story and you learned a lot.

This is amazing. Yes. 50 scientifically proven ways to be persuasive. technique. I think

Well, for heard me.

Come on.

>> [clears throat]

>> Will you call? >> Will you call from the book? Yes. 50 scientifically proven ways to be persuasive by Noah J. Goldstein, Steve J. Martin, and Robert B. Chelini. Cancel. Hope reservation. Booking. Commitment. Caller. 20. Reply. Confirm. Respond. A restaurant can be full of bookings and still have empty tables.

Gordon Sinclair had a restaurant in Chicago, a big city in America.

Awesome.

Can a restaurant be full of bookings and still have empty tables?

Yes, a restaurant can be full of bookings and still have empty tables. Was his restaurant in Chicago or in London?

Gordon Sinclair had a restaurant in Chicago. What is Chicago?

Chicago is a big city in America. People called on the phone to make a reservation for dinner.

He had a problem. Many people made a booking then never came.

Did people call to make a reservation?

Yes, people called on the phone to make a reservation for dinner. Did people make a booking and come or never come?

Many people made a booking then never came. What did he have? [sighs] He had a problem. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. They did not call to cancel. They just did not come.

The table stayed empty all night. Other people could not use it.

Did they call to cancel?

No, they did not call to cancel. They just did not come. Did the table stay full or empty?

The table stayed empty all night. who could not use it. Other people could not use it. >> About three in 10 people did this. That was a lot of lost money.

Now listen to the first sentence. His worker said it on the phone.

What >> was that? A lot of lost money.

Yes, that was a lot of lost money. Did one in 10 or three in 10 people do this?

About three in 10 people did this. Who said the first sentence on the phone? His worker said it on the phone. >> Please call if you have to change or cancel your reservation.

It is polite. It is clear. It sounds perfect.

Then Sinclair asked his worker to change two small things.

Was the first sentence polite?

Yes, it is polite. It is clear. It sounds perfect. Is the sentence rude or polite? It is polite. How many small things did Sinclair change?

Sinclair asked his worker to change two small things.

>> First, the worker had to turn the sentence into a question.

Will you please call if you have to change or cancel?

Second, the worker had to stop and wait for a reply.

speaking. Did the worker turn the sentence into a question?

Yes, the worker had to turn the sentence into a question. Did [clears throat] the worker wait for a reply or hang up?

The worker had to stop and wait for a reply. What was the new question?

Will you please call if you have to change or cancel?

>> So the caller had to respond. They said yes in their own words.

You may say it is the same sentence. A question won't change anything.

Will a question change anything?

No, you may say a question won't change anything. Did the caller have to respond or only listen?

The caller had to respond. What did the caller say?

They said yes in their own words. >> That's amazing. >> Look at the result. Before about three in 10 people did not come

after the change. Only about one in 10 did not come.

Let's jump into it. Before did three in 10 people not come.

Yes. Before about three in 10 people did not come. After the change, did 1 in 10 or 3 in 10 not come

after the change? Only about one in 10 did not come. What do we look at? Look at the result. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Many more tables were full. The restaurant lost much less money.

Why? With the first sentence, the caller only listened.

Did the restaurant lose less money?

Yes, the restaurant lost much less money with the first sentence. Did the caller speak or only listen?

With the first sentence, the caller only listened. How many more tables were full?

Many more tables were full.

With the second sentence, the caller made a promise. They confirmed it out loud.

And people will try hard to keep the promises they make.

Great. Yeah. >> Did the caller confirm the promise out loud?

Yes, they confirmed it out loud. Will people try to keep their promises or forget them?

People will try hard to keep the promises they make. What did the caller make?

The caller made a promise. >> All right, back to the story. >> The book Yes. explains it with one idea. Commitment.

The callers were not told to come. They made a commitment. So they came

>> were the callers told to Um,

no. The callers were not told to come. Did they come because of a rule or a commitment?

They made a commitment. So they came. What one idea explains it?

The book Yes. explains it with one idea. Commitment.

You can use this idea on yourself too.

Do not only hope that you will study English today.

Ask yourself a real question. Will I study for 20 minutes today?

Can you use this idea on yourself?

Yes, you can use this idea on yourself too. Do you only hope or ask a real question?

Ask yourself a real question. Will I study for 20 minutes today? For how many minutes will you study today?

I will study for 20 minutes today. >> Congratulations. >> Then wait and reply out loud, "Yes, I will.

Hope is not enough. A [sighs] spoken yes is a commitment.

One daily rule. Every morning, ask the question. Respond out loud and confirm your 20 minutes.

Final round. Is hope enough?

No, hope is not enough. A spoken yes is a commitment. Do you reply out loud or in silence?

Reply out loud. Yes, I will. What do you confirm every morning?

Respond out loud and confirm your 20 minutes.

The grammar we practice today will won't. Will will you please call if you have to change or cancel? A question won't change anything. and people will try hard to keep the promises they make. Do not only hope that you will study English today.

Congratulations. You practiced 343 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Congratulations. for

awesome.

Just just listen to what happened.

My name is Khaled. I completed with Mr. Abdmani. I'm now studying at the international college and I passed the course with a BA level. Learning English has been an important part of my life helping me grow personally and in my studies. So I want to share my experience of learning English starting from my childhood.

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Awesome.

It's something amazing. It's something totally crazy.

Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs. [laughter]

Perfection.

It's a nice a time to think about innovation. Let Sugared Water >> Sugared Water from the book Steve Jobs by Walter Isaxson. Brave chance painful. Sweet challenge. Wonder forever. Difficult. Scary balcony. Do you want to spend the rest of your life selling sugared water?

Or do you want a chance to change the world?

Awesome.

Is the question about selling sugared water?

Yes, it is about selling sugared water for the rest of your life. Is it a chance to change the world or a chance to sell cars?

It is a chance to change the world. What does the second question offer?

It offers a chance to change the world. All right, back to the story. >> Steve Jobs asked this question in 1983. They were on a balcony in New York.

He asked John Scully, the president of Pepsi.

Were they on a balcony in New York?

Yes. They were on a balcony in New York. Was Scully the president of Pepsi or of Apple? He was the president of Pepsi. When did Steve Jobs ask this question?

Steve Jobs asked this question in 1983. >> I'm super proud of you. Pepsi sold sweet drinks all over the world. Scully was very good at it.

Apple was young. Jobs decided to find an experienced leader to run it.

>> Let's jump into it. Did Pepsi sell sweet drinks?

Yes, Pepsi sold sweet drinks all over the world. Did Jobs decide to find a young leader or an experienced leader?

He decided to find an experienced leader. What did Jobs decide to do?

Jobs decided to find an experienced leader to run Apple >> for months. He tried to bring Scarlet to Apple.

They met many times. They walked and talked for hours.

Scully liked him. Still, he did not want to leave Pepsi.

Did Jobs try to bring Scully to Apple?

Yes. For months he tried to bring Scully to Apple. Did they meet once or many times?

They met many times. What did Scully not want to do?

He did not want to leave Pepsi. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. He had a big job and lots of money. He did not need to change.

Then on that balcony, Jobs looked at him and asked the question

speaking skills. Did Scully need to change?

No, he did not need to change. Did Jobs ask the question on a balcony or in a car?

He asked the question on that balcony. What did Scully have?

He had a big job and lots of money.

>> [clears throat] >> Sugared water [gasps] or a chance to change the world? Which one?

Scully later said the question hit him hard.

>> Awesome. Let's go. Did the question hit Scully hard?

Yes. Scully later said the question hit him hard. Was the choice sugared water or more money?

The choice was sugared water or a chance to change the world. What did Scully later say?

He said the question hit him hard. >> He did not want to say no and wonder about it forever.

So he decided to say yes. He left Pepsi and joined Apple.

Did Scaly want to wonder about it forever?

No, he did not want to wonder about it forever. Did he decide to say yes or no? He decided to say yes. Which company did he join?

He left Pepsi and joined Petroleum. >> Awesome. >> It was a brave scary move. He left a safe job for a young company.

You may say, "What a happy ending. The question worked.

Was it a brave move?

Yes, it was a brave scary move. Did he leave a safe job or a bad job? He left a safe job. What did he leave a safe job for?

He left a safe job for a young company.

>> Wait, the story did not end there. Then came a difficult challenge.

The two men tried to run Apple together. They did not agree.

Let's jump into it. >> Did the story end there?

No, the story did not end there. Was the challenge easy or difficult?

It was a difficult challenge. What did the two men try to do?

They tried to run Apple together. >> That's great. >> In 1985, the board chose Scully. Jobs [gasps] had to leave his own company.

It was a painful and difficult time for him. He was only 30.

Awesome. Did Jobs have to leave his own company?

Yes. Jobs had to leave his own company. Did the board choose Jobs or Scully? The board chose Scully. How was that time for jobs?

It was a painful and difficult time for him. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. Scaly stayed and led Apple for 10 years.

Apple grew under him. But the fight with Jobs always hurt.

Isacson's book Steve Jobs tells both sides, the good and the painful for

great. >> Did Scaly lead Apple for 10 years?

Yes, Scully stayed and led Apple for 10 years. Does the book tell one side or both sides?

It tells both sides, the good and the painful. What always hurt? The fight with jobs always hurt.

The question still did its work. It moved a man to a bigger life.

It did not promise an easy road. Big choices never do.

Did the question promise an easy road?

No, it did not promise an easy road. Did it move a man to a smaller life or a bigger life? It moved a man to a bigger life. What never promises an easy road?

Big choices never promise an easy road. incoming. >> One brave question can move a person. >> Maybe it can move you.

Think about your English. Do you want to wonder about it forever?

>> Can one brave question move a person?

Yes, one brave question can move a person. Can it move only Scully or maybe you too?

Maybe it can move you too. What do you not want to do forever?

I do not want to wonder about it forever. Congratulations. Are you selling sugared water? Choosing only what feels sweet and safe?

Or will you decide to say yes to a small scary challenge?

Final round. Does sugared water feel sweet and safe?

Yes, it feels sweet and safe. Will you decide to say yes to a scary challenge or stay safe?

I will decide to say yes to a small scary challenge. What will you say yes to?

I will say yes to a small scary challenge.

The grammar we practice today, verb plus to plus verb. Jobs decided to find an experienced leader to run it. For months he tried to bring Scully to Apple. He did not need to change. So he decided to say yes.

Congratulations. You practiced 352 words in this story and you learned a lot.

something. It's going to be a lot different.

The miracle morning.

Williams. Alhamdulillah.

Forever.

Alhamdulillah.

No, it's not true. The early alarm. >> The early alarm from the book The Miracle Morning by Hal Lrod. Alarm. Bill. Income. Economy. Energy. Stuck. Apart. Awake. Sun. Positive. An alarm clock rings in a dark room. The sun is not up yet.

Many [gasps] people wake up early to follow one plan.

Is the sun up yet?

No, the sun is not up yet. Does an alarm clock ring in a dark room or a bright room?

An alarm clock rings in a dark room. What do many people do?

Many people wake up early to follow one plan. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. The plan comes from a book, The Miracle Morning by Hal Lrod.

It did not start with success. It started when his life fell apart.

Did the plan start with success?

No, it did not start with success. Does the plan come from a book or a teacher?

The plan comes from a book, The Miracle Morning. When did it start?

It started when his life fell apart.

When the American economy crashed in 2008, many businesses were in trouble

in the bad economy. Hal lost over half of his clients. His income fell by half.

speaking skills. >> Did the economy crash in 2008?

Yes. The American economy crashed in 2008. Did his income grow or fall?

His income fell by half. What happened when the economy crashed?

When the economy crashed, many businesses were in trouble. >> I'm super proud of you. >> When the bills came, he could not pay them. Some days he stayed in bed

for many weeks. He had no energy. He felt stuck and afraid.

United Kingdom. >> Could he pay his bills? [clears throat]

No. When the bills came, he could not pay them. Did he have a lot of energy or no energy?

He had no energy. How did he feel?

He felt stuck and afraid. That's great. >> A friend told him to go for a run.

a run. His problems were money and fear. How could running help?

>> Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Did a friend give him advice?

Yes. A friend told him to go for a run. Did the friend tell him to go for a run or to sleep?

The friend told him to go for a run. What were his problems?

His problems were money and fear. Still he put on his shoes and went outside. He ran slowly

on the run. He heard a talk by a teacher, Jim Ran.

>> Awesome. Wait, let's go. >> Did he run fast?

No, he ran slowly. Did he stay inside or go outside?

He put on his shoes and went outside. Who gave the talk?

The talk was by a teacher, Jim Ran. One idea stopped him. Your success grows only as fast as you grow.

He wanted more success and he was not growing.

Was he growing?

No, he was not growing. Does success grow faster than you or only as fast as you?

Your success grows only as fast as you grow. What did he want?

He wanted more success. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. So his goal changed. Grow first then the business can grow too.

He did not wait. He studied the morning habits of great people.

Did his goal change?

Yes. His goal changed. Did he wait or did he study? He did not wait. What did he study?

He studied the morning habits of great people. >> That's amazing. He chose six simple habits. Quiet time, positive words, seeing his goals.

Then exercise, reading and writing. He called the six habits savers.

Great. Did he choose positive words?

Yes, he chose quiet time, positive words, and seeing his goals. Did he choose six habits or 10 habits?

He chose six simple habits. What did he call the six habits?

He called the six habits savers. >> All right, back to the story. >> When his alarm rang the next morning, the sun was not up. He tried them all.

He felt more awake, more calm, and more positive.

Let's jump into it. Was the sun up when his alarm rang?

No. When his alarm rang, the sun was not up. Did he feel more awake or more tired?

He felt more [clears throat] awake, more calm, and more positive. What did he do when his alarm rang?

When his alarm rang, he tried the mall.

Every morning when the alarm rang, he did it again. Slowly his energy came back.

within months. His income was strong again. He paid his bills.

speaking. Did his energy come back?

Yes. Slowly his energy came back. Did he do it once or every morning?

Every morning when the alarm rang, he did it again. What happened within months?

Within months, his income was strong again. He paid his bills. Every alarm here began with one slow run on one bad day.

His answer was small. When life falls apart, change your mourning first.

a bit. >> Did every alarm begin with one slow run?

Yes. Every alarm here began with one slow run on one bad day. Was his answer big or small?

His answer was small. What should you do when life falls apart

when life falls apart? Change your mourning first. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. Feeling stuck. You do not need a perfect plan. You need a first hour.

Use it for English. Read one page and say five new words aloud.

When you feel stuck, do you need a perfect plan?

No, you do not need a perfect plan. You need a first hour. Should you read one page or one book,

read one page and say five new words aloud. What do you need?

You need a first hour. >> Congratulations. >> Then write one short sentence about your day. Tonight,

set your alarm a little earlier. Then ask one question.

When it rings, what will I build before anyone is awake?

Let's jump into it. Should you set your alarm a little earlier?

Yes. Tonight, set your alarm a little earlier. Should you write one short sentence or a long story?

Write one short sentence about your day. When it rings, what will you ask?

I will ask what will I build before anyone is awake.

The grammar we practice today when it started when his life fell apart. When the American economy crashed in 2008, many businesses were in trouble. When the bills came, he could not pay them. When his alarm rang the next morning, the sun was not up.

Congratulations. You practiced 349 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Great job. Can't hurt me. Extreme

fashion.

Okay. [laughter]

Back to day one. >> Back to day one from the book Can't Hurt Me by David Gogggins. Training. Quit. Sand. Soldier. Lung. Ticket. Exit. Halfway. Wet. Set back. Back to day one. Then back to day one. Then back to day one again.

Most people quit the first time they hear those words. One man did not.

Did one man quit?

>> No. One man did not quit. Do most people quit or stay the first time?

Most people quit the first time they hear those words. What words do they hear?

They hear back to day one. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> David Gogggins wanted to be a Navy Seal. He tells how in his book can't hurt me.

Seals are special soldiers in the American Navy. Their training is famous for its pain.

Did David Gogggins want to be a Navy Seal?

Yes, David Gogggins wanted to be a Navy Seal. Are seals special soldiers or teachers?

Seals are special soldiers in the American Navy. What is their training famous for?

Their training is famous for its pain. >> That's amazing. >> The hardest part is called hell week. Days of cold water, wet sand, almost no sleep.

Many strong young soldiers quit in hell weak. They ring a bell and go home.

I thought why the let's jump into it. >> Is hell week easy?

No, it is the hardest part. Is hell week cold water and wet sand or warm beds?

Hell week is cold water, wet sand, and almost no sleep. What do soldiers do when they quit? They ring a bell and go home.

>> The first time he got very sick, he had a bad illness in his lungs. [snorts]

He did not ring the bell. Still the doctors took him out before the end.

Did he ring the bell?

>> No, he did not ring the bell. Was the illness in his lungs or his knee?

The illness was in his lungs. When did the doctors take him out?

The doctors took him out. before the end.

>> The answer came back to day one. Start all the training again.

after the illness. His lungs got well. He started all over again.

Did he start all the training again?

Yes, he started all the training again after the illness. Did his lungs get well or get worse?

After the illness, his lungs got well. What was the answer?

The answer was back to day one. >> The second time he hurt his knee badly. A bone in it was broken.

It was another setback. After the broken knee, he went back to day one. Awesome.

Was it another setback?

Yes, it was another setback. Did he hurt his knee or his lungs?

He hurt his knee badly. Where did he go after the broken knee? After

the broken knee, he went back to day one. >> That's great. >> After all that work, he was at the start again.

Months of cold sand and pain and nothing to show for it.

Maybe he thought about quitting. Still he stayed and started again.

[laughter] How was he at the start again after all that work?

Yes. After all that work, he was at the start again. Were those months of sand and pain or rest?

They were months of cold sand and pain. What did he do after all that work?

He stayed and started again. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> The third time he joined a new group of men. Class 235.

Hell week came again. Cold water, wet sand, almost no sleep.

Did he join a new group?

Yes. He joined a new group of men, class 235. Was the sand wet or dry? The sand was wet. What came again? Hell week came again. >> This time his body held on and he did not [sighs] stop.

In 2001, after three tries, he finished the training. He [cheering] was finally a Navy Seal.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did he stop this time?

No. This time he did not stop. Did he finish after two tries or after three tries?

He finished the training after three tries. When did he finish the training?

He finished the training in 2001. >> I'm super proud of you. Look at those words again. Back to day one.

For most people they mean the end. For him they meant another chance. Should

you look at those words again?

Yes. Look at those words again. Back to day one. For most people, do the words mean the end or a chance?

For most people, they mean the end. What did the words mean for him?

For him they meant another chance.

Each time he knew the training a little better than before.

For him, every setback was a ticket to try again, not an exit.

Let's jump into it. Was every setback an exit?

No. Every setback was a ticket to try again. Is a setback a ticket or an exit?

A setback is a ticket to try again, not an exit. What did he know better? Each time

he knew the training a little better than before.

Did you fail an English test? Did you stop a course halfway?

Stopping halfway is not an exit. It is your ticket back to day one.

is stopping halfway an exit.

No, stopping halfway is not an exit. Is it your ticket back to day one or to the end?

It is your ticket back to day one. Where does your ticket take you?

Your ticket takes you back to day one.

Before you quit for good, go back. Open the same book at page one.

And start again. This time you know more than before.

Let's jump into it. Should you quit for good?

No. Before you quit for good, go back. Should you open a new book or the same book?

Open the same book at page one. What should you do before you quit for good? Before you quit for good, go back and start again.

The grammar we practice today before after still the doctors took him out before the end. After the illness, his lungs got well. After the broken knee, he went back to day one. After all that work, he was at the start again.

Congratulations. You practiced 352 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Congratulations. Yes. 50 scientifically proven ways to be persuasive. I think

for sheet.

Come on.

Please call again. >> Please call again from the book Yes. 50 scientifically proven ways to be persuasive by Noah J. Goldstein, Steve J. Martin, and Robert B. Chaldini operator shopping ad proof social sure honest popular trust effect. Look at these TV shopping words. Operators are waiting. Please call now.

Operators are the people who answer the phone.

After the ad, people call a number and buy the product.

Awesome.

Do operators answer the phone?

Yes. Operators are the people who answer the phone. Are these TV shopping words or school words? These are TV shopping words. What do people do after the ad?

After the ad, people call a number and buy the product.

A writer named Colleen Saut wrote TV shopping ads like this. It was her job.

One day she worked on an ad for a home exercise machine.

Did Colleen S write TV shopping ads?

>> Yes, she wrote TV shopping ads like this. Was the ad for a home exercise machine or a car?

The ad was for a home exercise machine. What was her job?

She wrote TV shopping ads. It was her job.

>> More calls meant more money, so the ad had to sell.

So, here is the problem. How do you make more people pick up the phone?

Did more calls mean more money?

Yes. More calls meant more money, so the ad had to sell. Did the ad have to sell or just look nice? The ad had to sell. What is the problem?

The problem is making more people pick up the phone. >> What would you do? You are the writer now.

Popular answers are lower the price or give a free gift.

Other answers talk louder or show the machine more times

speaking skills. Are you the writer now?

Yes, you are the writer. Now, is a popular answer a lower price or a higher price?

A popular answer is a lower price. What are other answers?

Talk louder or show the machine more times. She did something strange. She changed only a few words at the end.

She took away the old line and wrote a new one.

A bit. >> Did she change many words?

No, she changed only a few words at the end. Did she keep the old line or write a new one?

She took away the old line and wrote a new one. Where did she change the words?

She changed a few words at the end.

>> If operators are busy, please call again. That was all.

Wait. Busy. Call again. Are you sure? That sounds like a problem. Not a gift.

>> Let's jump into it. >> Does the new line say the operators are busy?

Yes. If operators are busy, please call again. Does it sound like a problem or a gift?

It sounds like a problem, not a gift. What was the new line?

The new line was, "If operators are busy, please call again."

>> You must wait. So, it sounds like a bad idea. Nobody likes to wait.

Then the ad went on TV and sales went up very fast.

Does anybody like to wait?

>> No, nobody likes to wait. Did sales go up or go down? Sales went up very fast. Why does it sound like a bad idea?

You must wait. So it sounds like a bad idea.

>> It broke a sales record that was almost [cheering] 20 years old.

Why? Think about the picture in your head.

Did it break a sales record?

Yes, it broke a sales record. Was the record almost 20 years old or 2 years old?

It was almost 20 years old. What should you think about Think about the picture in your head. >> With the old line, you see workers doing nothing. Nobody calls, so you do not call.

With the new line, you see busy phones. The product is popular.

with the old line. Do you call

No, nobody calls. So you do not call with the new line. Is the product popular or not?

With the new line, the product is popular. What do you see with the new line?

With the new line, you see busy phones.

When we are not sure, we look at what other people do.

Many people want it, so we trust it and call to

People who study this effect call it social proof

speaking. Do we trust what many people want?

Yes, many people want it. So we trust it and call too. When we are not sure, do we look at others or at the price?

When we are not sure, we look at what other people do. What do people call this effect? People call it social proof.

>> Shot did not ask people to call. She showed them that others were calling.

This effect can help you too in an honest way.

Did shot ask people to call?

No. Shot did not ask people to call. Can this effect help you in an honest way or only as a trick?

This effect can help you too in an honest way. What did she show them?

She showed them that others were calling. Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Studying English alone can feel like an empty phone line.

You see nobody else doing it. So you stop trusting your plan.

Great. Can studying English alone feel like an empty phone line?

Yes, it can feel like an empty phone line. Do you see [sighs and gasps] many people doing it or nobody? You see nobody else doing it. What happens when you see nobody doing it,

you see nobody else doing it, so you stop trusting your plan. >> Congratulations. So try a small experiment this week. Join a group where people practice every day.

That is honest social proof. Real people doing real practice.

Then watch what happens when you see others doing it too.

Let's jump into it. Should you join a group?

Yes. Join a group where people practice every day. Is it honest social proof? or a trick.

That is honest social proof. Real people doing real practice. What should you try this week?

Try a small experiment this week.

The grammar we practice today. So more calls meant more money. So the ad had to sell. You must wait. So it sounds like a bad idea. Nobody calls so you do not call. Many people want it so we trust it and call too.

Congratulations. You practiced 350 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's amazing. Awesome.

Amazing. Awesome.

Let's

Instagram.

native speaker.

Native speaker

feedback. Listening

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listening with speaking

battle Idioms.

Awesome. Uh,

and

What happened? Six minutes. Six minutes from the book Alibaba by Duncan Clark. Invest. Surprise. Mirror. Recipe. Giant. Investor. Third. Brief. Nervous. Impress. This story is about six minutes and how they changed a company.

You can find it in Duncan Clark's book about Alibaba.

In late 1999, Jack Mars Company was young and small.

Is this story about six minutes?

Yes. This story is about six minutes. Was Jack Mar's company big or young and small?

Jack Mar's company was young and small. Whose book tells this story?

You can find it in Duncan Clark's [clears throat] book about Alibaba. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> It had some money from investors. It needed much more to grow.

Jack went to Beijing to meet people with money to invest.

Hello. >> Did the company have money from investors?

Yes, it had some money from investors. Did it need a little more or much more?

It needed much more to grow. Why did Jack go to Beijing?

He went to meet people with money to invest. >> Well done. One of them was Masa Yoshi Son, an investing giant from Japan.

Many people wanted Son's money. His time was short.

Was son an investing giant?

Yes. Son was an investing giant from Japan. Was son's time long or short? His time was short. Where was son from? son was from Japan. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> What would most people bring? A long plan with many pages and numbers.

Jack did not have a long plan. His company made almost no money yet.

Did Jack have a long plan?

No, Jack did not have a long plan. Would most people bring a long plan or a short story?

Most people would bring a long plan with many pages and numbers. How much money did his company make?

His company made almost no money. Yet

>> he did not try to impress son with numbers. He talked about his dream.

First he talked about small Chinese companies. Then he said the internet could help them grow.

Did Jack try to impress son with numbers?

No, he did not try to impress son with numbers first. Did he talk about big companies or small Chinese companies?

First he talked about small Chinese companies. What did he say then?

Then he said the internet could help them grow.

After that he talked about selling to the whole world.

Then after about 6 minutes son stopped him. He wanted to invest.

Did son stop him after about six minutes?

Yes. Then after about 6 minutes, sun stopped him. After that, did he talk about China only or the whole world?

After that he talked about selling to the whole world. What did son want to do? He wanted to invest.

six minutes, not six months, not six meetings. That was the first surprise.

son was impressed. Later, he said he saw something strong in Jack's eyes.

How was son impressed?

>> Yes, son was impressed. Was it six minutes or six months?

It was six minutes. That was the first surprise. What did son see in Jack's eyes?

He saw something strong in Jack's eyes.

>> Next came a second surprise. Son offered a lot of money.

Then came a third surprise. Jack and his team did not take it all.

speaking. Did son offer a lot of money?

Yes. son offered a lot of money. Was that the first surprise or the second surprise?

That was the second surprise. What was the third surprise?

Jack and his team did not take it all. >> Finally, they took $20 million. They did not want to give away too much.

That was a good choice for both men. Alibaba grew into a giant.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did they take $20 million?

Yes, finally they took $20 million. Did Alibaba stay small or grow into a giant?

Alibaba grew into a giant. Why did they not take it all?

They did not want to give away too much. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. Years later, the money son gave was worth many, many times more.

Jack was ready because he knew his story well. He could keep it brief.

Great. Could Jack keep his story brief?

Yes, he could keep it brief. Was the money worth less or many times more?

It was worth many, many times more. Why was Jack ready?

He knew his story well.

>> Have your story ready. A big chance can last six minutes.

So, here is a simple recipe. Write your story in three brief sentences.

Can a big chance last six minutes?

Yes, a big chance can last six minutes. Is it a simple recipe or a long plan?

It is a simple recipe. Write your story in three brief sentences. What should you have ready?

Have your story ready.

First who you are, then what you want. Finally, why it matters.

Practice the recipe in English out loud every day this week.

Should you say who you are first?

Yes. First who you are. Finally, do you say why it matters or how old you are?

Finally, why it matters. When should you practice the recipe?

Practice the recipe every day this west. >> That's amazing. Let's jump into it and come. >> First say it to your mirror. The mirror is your first investor.

then to a friend and a third time to your phone.

You may feel nervous at first. That is normal.

Then when your six minutes come, you will be ready, not nervous.

final round. >> Should you say it to your mirror first?

Yes. First say it to your mirror. Is the mirror your first investor or your last?

The mirror is your first investor. How may you feel at first?

You may feel nervous at first. That is normal.

The grammar we practice today. first, then finally, first he talked about small Chinese companies. Then he said the internet could help them grow. After that, he talked about selling to the whole world. Next came a second surprise.

Congratulations. You practiced 350 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's all working.

The power of habit.

Swimming blind. Swimming blind from the book The Power of Habit by Charles Doohig. Tape pool coach panic medal. Touch length. Stroke disaster. sight. >> The pool is quiet. Eight swimmers are standing on their blocks above the water.

It is 208 at the Olympic Games in Beijing in [cheering] China.

are eight swimmers standing on their blocks.

Yes. Eight swimmers are standing on their blocks above the water. Is the pool quiet or loud? The pool is quiet. Where are the Olympic Games?

The Olympic Games are in Beijing, in China.

One of the swimmers is Michael Phelps. This race is his best event.

It is the butterfly final. He wants a gold medal and a world record.

Does Michael Phelps want a gold medal?

Yes, he wants a gold medal. and a world record. Is this race [snorts] his best event or his worst event?

This race is his best event. Which final is it? It is the butterfly final. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. He dives in. At once he feels something is wrong.

Water is coming into his goggles every length. More water is coming in.

Speaking skills is water coming into his goggles.

Yes, water is coming into his goggles. Is more water or less water coming in every length.

every length more water is coming in. What does he feel at once?

At once he feels something is wrong. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. On the last length, he has no sight at all. Not the wall, not the line.

His coach, Bob Bowman, is watching from the side of the pool.

>> Is his coach watching from the side of the pool?

Yes, his coach is watching from the side of the pool. On the last length, does he have sight or no sight?

On the last length, he has no sight at all. Who is watching from the side of the pool?

His coach, Bob Bowman, is watching. Years of hard work are all in this one race. This could be a disaster.

A swimmer with no sight could panic. Phelps does not panic.

speaking. Does Phelps panic?

No, Phelps does not panic. Could this be a disaster or an easy day?

This could be a disaster. What could a swimmer with no sight do?

A swimmer with no sight could panic. >> He knows this race very well. He swam it in his head many times before.

Every night and every morning he did one habit from his coach.

Let's jump into it. Did he swim this race in his head before?

Yes, he swam it in his head many times before. Did he do the habit every night or once a year?

He did it every night and every morning. Where did the habit come from?

He did one habit from his coach. Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> He played a videotape in his mind. The [clears throat] perfect race.

He saw the start, the turns, and the winning touch.

Did he play a videape in his mind?

Yes, he played a video tape in his mind. Did he see the perfect race or a bad race?

He saw the perfect race. What did he see?

He saw the start, the turns, and the winning touch.

So now blind in the water he is not using his eyes.

He is counting his strokes like on the tape in his head.

Is he using his eyes now?

No, he is not using his eyes. Is he counting his strokes or the people? He is counting his strokes. Where is the tape?

The tape is in his head. [clears throat]

Count with him now 18 19 20 The wall must be close.

his tape says one more 21. One big stroke and he touches the wall. [cheering] Awesome.

Does his tape say one more?

Yes. His tape says one more. Does he touch the wall or the line? He touches the wall. What must be close?

The wall must be close.

>> He pulls off his goggles and looks up at the board.

Next to his name are two letters. Wr a new world record.

He wins the gold medal [cheering] without seeing the end of the race.

Let's jump into it. >> Does he win the gold medal?

Yes, he wins the gold medal. Does he look at the water or at the board? He looks up at the board. What are the two letters next to his name?

The two letters are ra a new world record.

Later, someone asked how it felt. He said it felt like he imagined it.

His

tape beat the water. Rehearse so well that a disaster cannot stop you.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Can a disaster stop you if you rehearse well?

No. Rehearse so well that a disaster cannot stop you. Did his tapes beat the water or did the water win? His tape beat the water. How did it feel? He said

he said it felt like he imagined it. >> Well done. You are learning English so you can do the same. Here is a recipe

tonight before sleep. Close your eyes. Play one English conversation in your mind.

Okay. Now, >> are you learning English?

Yes, you are learning English, so you can do the same. Do you play the conversation in your mind or on your phone? You play it in your mind. When do you close your eyes

tonight? Therefore, sleep. Close your eyes.

See the place. Hear the question. Say your answer quietly, word by word.

Play it again in the morning. before you touch your phone.

Then on the real day, your mind will already know the way

Final round. Do you touch your phone first in the morning?

No. Play it again before you touch your phone. Do you say your answer quietly or loudly?

Say your answer quietly, word by word. What will your mind know on the real day?

Your mind will already know the way.

The grammar we practice today, present continuous. Eight swimmers are standing on their blocks above the water. Water is coming into his goggles. Every length more water is coming in. His coach Bob Bowman is watching from the side of the pool.

Congratulations. You practiced 353 words in this story and you learned a lot.

This is amazing. Fluent in three months.

It's a very nice book. No, no, I guess that's Egypt on a small screen. >> Egypt on a small screen from the book Fluent in Three Months by Benny Lewis. Lesson, conversation, textbook, travel, grammar, messy, clue, fluent, native, abroad. Look at this. A man sits in a small room in Brazil.

He is talking to an Egyptian teacher on his computer screen.

Is he talking to an Egyptian teacher?

Yes, he is talking to an Egyptian teacher on his computer screen. Does he sit in a small room or a big room?

He sits in a small room in Brazil. What is on his computer screen?

An Egyptian teacher is on his computer screen. >> All right, back to the story. They are speaking Egyptian Arabic. The Arabic people speak in Cairo.

The man is Benny Lewis, a language learner from Ireland.

Is Benny Lewis from Ireland?

Yes, he is a language learner from Ireland. Are they speaking Egyptian, Arabic or English?

They are speaking Egyptian Arabic. Where do people speak this Arabic? People speak it in Cairo.

>> It was 2012. He gave himself 3 months to speak Egyptian Arabic. Well,

here is the puzzle. He was in Brazil, very far from Egypt.

is speaking. >> Was he in Egypt?

No. He was in Brazil, very far from Egypt. Did he give himself 3 months or 3 years?

He gave himself three months. What did he want to do in three months?

He wanted to speak Egyptian Arabic. Well, >> that's amazing. >> Around him, everyone spoke Portuguese. Almost nobody spoke Arabic.

How can you learn a language in the wrong country? Take a guess.

Did everyone around him speak Arabic?

No. Almost nobody spoke Arabic. Did people around him speak Portuguese or Arabic

around him? Everyone spoke Portuguese. What does the story ask you to do? Take a guess. Most people give the same answer. Buy a book, study the grammar, and wait.

Many say you must live abroad first. Only then can you speak.

Do many people say you must live abroad first?

>> Yes. Many say you must live abroad first. Do most people say study the grammar or talk to people.

Most people say buy a book, study the grammar. and wait. When can you speak? They say

only then they say can you speak.

He did not agree. He did not wait to travel to Egypt.

He found native Egyptian teachers online. He booked lessons with them.

Did he wait to travel to Egypt?

No, he did not wait to travel to Egypt. Did he find native teachers online or in a shop?

He found native Egyptian teachers online. What did he book with them? He booked lessons with them. Well done. Every day he had a lesson with them on a video call.

He spoke from the first days with few words and little grammar.

Great. Did he have a lesson with them every day?

Yes. Every day he had a lesson with them on a video call. Did he start with a lot of grammar or little grammar?

He spoke with few words and little grammar. When did he start speaking?

He spoke from the first days. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> His Arabic [gasps] was missing. His teachers corrected him and he tried again.

He talked about his day, his food, and later even bigger ideas.

Okay. Now, >> did his teachers correct him?

Yes, his teachers corrected him and he tried again. Was his Arabic messy or perfect? His Arabic was messy. What did he talk about?

He talked about his day, his food, and later even bigger ideas. That's great. So Egypt came to him through a small screen in Brazil.

Each call gave him a clue. the words he still needed.

Did Egypt come to him?

Yes. Egypt came to him through a small screen in Brazil. Did each call give him a clue or a problem?

Each call gave him a clue. What was the clue?

The clue was the words he still needed.

>> So he learned those words and used them in the next call.

Slowly his talks became longer, faster, and easier.

Did he use the new words in the next call?

Yes, he learned those words and used them in the next call. Did his talks become longer or shorter?

His talks became longer, faster, and easier. When did he use them?

He used them in the next call.

>> After 3 months, he was not fully fluent. He called his Arabic very useful, but still messy.

Then he traveled to Egypt and used his Arabic with people there.

Was he fully fluent after 3 months?

No. After 3 months, he was not fully fluent. Did he travel to Egypt or to London? He traveled to Egypt. How did he describe his Arabic?

He called it very useful but still messy. >> The missing clue was simple. He did not need Egypt. He needed Egyptians.

No trip and no textbook. Real conversation beats textbooks in any country.

Awesome. Was the missing clue simple?

Yes. The missing clue was simple. Does real conversation beat textbooks or do textbooks win?

Real conversation beats textbooks in any country. What did he need?

He needed Egyptians. You are learning English. Maybe you think you must live abroad to become fluent.

Try a small experiment this week. Have one short English conversation every day.

Awesome. Let's go. >> Are you learning English?

Yes, you are learning English. Is it one English conversation every day or every month?

Have one short English conversation every day. Where do you think you must live to become fluent?

Maybe you think you must live abroad. And let's continue. Use a teacher, a friend, or a native speaker. 5 minutes is enough.

On Friday, count the new words you used. Your country did not change. Your habit did

Let's jump into it. >> Is 5 minutes enough?

Yes, 5 minutes is enough. Did your country change or your habit

Your country did not change, your habit did. Who can you talk to?

Use a teacher, a friend, or a native speaker.

The grammar we practice today, object pronouns, he booked lessons with them. Every day he had a lesson with them on a video call. His teachers corrected him and he tried again. So Egypt came to him through a small screen in Brazil.

Congratulations. You practiced 340 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Congratulations.

Awesome. The ultra learning.

Four years in one. >> Four years in one from the book ultraarning by Scott H. Young. Final speed method knowledge pass 12 honestly program shadow spring October 2011. A young man sits at his desk in Canada. [clears throat]

His name is Scott Young. His book Ultra Learning begins with this year.

is the young man in Canada.

Yes. A young [sighs] man sits at his desk in Canada. Does he sit at a desk or on a bus?

He sits at his desk. What begins with this year? His book Ultra Learning begins with this year. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> He already has a business degree. Now he wants to learn computer science.

Going back to university is slow. It also costs a lot of money.

Does he already have a business degree?

Yes, he already has a business degree. Is going back to university fast or slow?

Going back to university is slow. What does he want to learn now?

Now he wants to learn computer science.

Then he finds something on the internet. MIT puts many of its classes online.

The videos are free. The homework is free. Even the final exams are free.

Are the final exams free?

Yes, even the final exams are free. Does MIT put classes online or keep them secret?

MIT puts many of its classes online. Where does he find something?

He finds something on the internet. So he sets a strange goal. The whole program in one year. The idea is his.

Students at MIT take 4 years for this. He gives himself 12 months.

Is the idea his?

Yes, the idea is his. Does he give himself 12 months or 4 years?

He gives himself 12 months. What is his strange goal? His goal is the whole program in one year. >> That is 33 classes. Read that number again. 33 classes in one year.

He makes one rule. A class counts only when he passes its real final exam.

Awesome. Does a class count before he passes the final exam?

No. A class counts only when he passes its real final exam. Is it 33 classes or three classes?

That is 33 classes. How many classes are in one year?

33 classes are in one year.

Winter he studies every day like it is his fulltime job.

He watches the classes at high speed. Then he does many practice problems.

Does he study every day?

Yes, he studies every day like it is his fulltime job. Does he watch the classes at high speed or low speed?

He watches the classes at high speed. What does he do after the classes?

Then he does many practice problems.

If an idea is unclear, he explains it to himself on paper.

Some weeks are hard. Some exams are hard. He checks his answers honestly.

Does he check his answers honestly?

Yes, he checks his answers honestly. Does he explain an idea on paper or on the phone?

He explains it to himself on paper. What is hard?

Some weeks are hard. Some exams are hard.

Spring 2012. He knows his method now. His speed goes up.

He shares his work online. The results are his and anyone can check them. [clears throat]

Are the results his?

Yes, the results are his and anyone can check them. In spring, does his speed go up or down? His speed goes up. What does he know now? He knows his method. Now

>> after spring comes summer. He keeps the same simple rhythm.

Every day he learns. Every day he tests himself. The method works.

Let's jump into it. Does the method work?

Yes. The method works. After spring, does summer or winter come?

After spring comes summer. What does he do every day?

Every day he learns. Every >> day he tests himself. >> That's great. September 2012, he sits down for his very last final exam.

He passes 33 classes [snorts] in less than 12 months.

Great. Does he pass?

Yes, [snorts] he passes. Is it his first final exam or his last?

It is his very last final exam. How many months does it take?

It takes less than 12 months. That's amazing. >> He does not get a degree, only the knowledge. He was never an MIT student.

Yet the knowledge is his now. Nobody can take it away.

Does he get a degree?

No, he does not get a degree. Only the knowledge. Is the knowledge MITs or his? The knowledge is his now. Who can take the knowledge away?

Nobody can take it away.

So what counted? A clear goal, a clear test and daily work. All three were his.

Four years of classes fit into one. A short, hard, planned push can do years of work.

Were all three his?

Yes. All three were his. Is it a long slow push or a short hard push?

A short, hard, planned push can do years of work. What counted

a clear goal? A clear test and daily work counted. >> Congratulations. >> Here is a small recipe for your English. First, pick one clear goal. Make it yours.

For example, shadow one story every day for one month. That is your program.

Shadow every day. At the end, test yourself honestly. The results will be yours.

Final round. >> Will the results be yours?

Yes, the results will be yours. Do you shadow one story every day or every year?

Shadow one story every day for one month. What is your program?

Shadow one story every day for one month. That is your program.

The grammar we practice today, possessive pronouns. The idea is his. The results are his and anyone can check them. Yet the knowledge is his now. All three were his.

Congratulations, you practice 357 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's going to be a lot different.

I want you to listen to what happened. Let's go.

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money. Master the game.

It's It's something amazing. Let one in five. >> One in five from the book Money by Tony Robbins. Salary savings delivery. Earn million large paycheck 90. donate wealth. An old man of about 90 had $70 million. Many people were surprised.

Was he famous? No. Did he start a big company? No.

Did the old man have $7 million.

Yes. An old man of about 90 had $70 million. Did he start a big company or not?

[laughter] No, [gasps] he did not start a big company. How old was the man? He was about 90. >> All right, back to the story. >> Did he earn a large salary? No, never. So, how did he do it?

The story starts many years before when he was a young man.

speaking. Did he earn a large salary?

No, he never earned a large salary. Does the story start many years before or today?

The story starts many years before. Who was he when the story starts? He was a young man.

His name was Theodore Johnson. He got a job at a young delivery company.

The company was called UPS. It carried boxes and letters for people.

Did he get a job at a delivery company?

Yes, he got a job at a young delivery company. Did the company carry boxes or food?

It carried boxes and letters for people. What was the company called?

The company was called UPS.

>> He worked hard and over the years he became a manager there.

Still, his pay was never high. He never earned more than $14,000 a year.

Let's jump into it. >> Did he earn more than $14,000 a year?

No, he never earned more than $14,000 a year. Did he become a manager or a driver? He became a manager there. What did he do over the years?

He worked hard and he became a manager. >> Read that number again. $14,000 a year. And no more.

So what did he do with his money? He had one simple rule.

Did he have a rule for his money?

Yes, he had one simple rule. Did he have one rule or many rules?

He had one simple rule. How much did he earn a year?

He earned $14,000 a year and no more. Let's jump into the Let's keep it up. From every paycheck, he saved $1 out of every five.

With it, he bought small parts of the company he worked for.

Did he save from every paycheck?

Yes. From every paycheck he saved $1 out of every five. Did he save $1 out of five or out of 10?

He saved $1 out of every five. What did he buy with it?

He bought small parts of the company he worked for.

>> These small parts are called shares. He kept buying them.

some months. It was hard to save. Did he stop? No, he's still saved.

Did he stop when it was hard?

No, he did not stop. He still saved. Did he sell his shares or keep buying them? He kept buying them. What are the small parts called?

These small parts are called shares.

He did this with every paycheck for many, many years.

The delivery company grew and grew. Soon it was big and faint.

Did he do this with every paycheck?

Yes, he did this with every paycheck for many years. Did the delivery company grow or get small?

The delivery company grew and grew. What did the company become?

Soon it was big and famous. His shares grew with it. His small savings became large.

He waited. He let time do the hard work.

At about 90, those savings were worth $70 million.

Let's jump into it. >> Did his small savings become large?

Yes. His small savings became large. Did he wait or did he hurry?

He waited. He let time do the hard work. At about 90, how much were his savings worth?

At about 90, those savings were worth $70 million. Awesome. Did he keep all that wealth? No, he chose to donate much of it.

He donated millions of dollars to help young people study.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did he keep all that wealth?

No, he chose to donate much of it. Did he donate to help young people or old people?

He donated to help young people study. How much did he donate?

He donated millions of dollars. Well done. coming. >> Many students went to college because of his giant rule.

This story comes from Tony Robbins's book, Money, Master the Game.

Did many students go to college because of him?

Yes, many students went to college because of his quiet rule. Does this story come from a book or a class?

It comes from Tony Robbins's book, Money, Master the Game. Where did many students go?

Many students went to college. Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> The secret was not a big salary. The secret was time.

Save small. Start early and never stop. That was his whole plan.

Was the secret a big salary?

No, the secret was not a big salary. The secret was time. Was the secret time or money?

The secret was time. What was his whole plan?

Save small, start early, and never stop.

It grows the same way, one small piece at a time.

Save a few new words every day. Keep them. [clears throat] Use them.

Is your English wealth too?

Yes, your English is wealth, too. Does it grow fast or one small piece at a time?

It grows one small piece at a time. What can you save every day?

You can save a few new words every day. [clears throat] >> That's amazing. Hey, let's jump into >> remember the old man with $70 million.

Did he start rich? No, he started small and he started early.

Let's jump into it. Did the old man start rich?

No, he did not start rich. Did he start big or small?

He started small and he started early. When did he start? He started early.

The grammar we practice today, past simple questions. Did he start a big company? Did he earn a large salary? So, how did he do it? So, what did he do with his money?

Congratulations. You practiced 343 words in this story and you learned a lot.

Great job. Ultra learning. It means we

alhamdulillah.

3,000 faces. >> 3,000 faces from the book Ultra Learning by Scott H. Young speech hall speaker audience talent local championship feedback born sofa a huge hall 3,000 people are looking at one man on the stage.

It was the final of the world's championship of public speaking.

Are 3,000 people looking at one man?

Yes. 3,000 people are looking at one man on the stage. Is it a small room or a huge hall?

It is a huge hall. What was the final?

It was the final of the world championship of public speaking. >> The man was Tristan de Montibello. Seven months earlier he was not a speaker. His

story starts in a small local speaking club. He had almost no experience.

speaking skills >> 7 months earlier. Was he a speaker?

No. Several months earlier, he was not a speaker. Did his story start in a big club or a small local club? His story starts in a small local speaking club. How much experience did he have?

He had almost no experience. Many local members practiced for years. They usually gave only one speech a month.

He decided to do something different. He decided to speak much more often.

Did the local members usually give one speech a month?

Yes, they usually gave only one speech a month. Did he decide to speak less often or more often?

He decided to speak much more often. How long did many local members practice?

Many local members practiced for years.

He did not speak once a week. He spoke almost every day.

He spoke at clubs, schools, and small groups.

He sometimes stopped strangers on the street and asked them to listen.

Did he speak once a week?

No, he did not speak once a week. He spoke almost every day. Did he sometimes stop strangers or friends on the street?

He sometimes stopped strangers on the street. Where did he speak?

He spoke at clubs, schools, and small groups. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> You may think he was born with a special talent. He was not. He practiced.

After each speech, he always asked people for feedback. He wanted honest answers.

Great. >> Was he born with a special talent?

No, he was not. He practiced. Did he always ask for feedback or never ask for feedback?

He always asked people for feedback. What did he want after each speech?

He wanted honest answers.

He asked teachers, coaches, and good friends. Then he changed his speech again.

He often learned his speeches by heart on a running machine.

Let's jump into it. >> Did he change his speech again?

Yes. Then he changed his speech again. Did he often learn his speeches on a sofa or on a running machine?

He often learned his speeches by heart on a running machine. Who did he ask?

He asked teachers, coaches, and good friends. >> His friend Michael became his coach. Near the end, Michael slept on his sofa.

In 7 months he gave between 80 and 100 speeches.

Did Michael sleep on his sofa?

Yes. [snorts] Near the end, Michael slept on his sofa. Did he give 10 speeches or between 80 and 100 speeches?

In seven months he gave between 80 and 100 speeches who became his coach.

His friend Michael became his coach.

One piece of advice helped him a lot. Do not be the hero of your story.

So he made the audience the heroes, not himself.

Did one piece of advice help him?

Yes. One piece of advice helped him a lot. Did he make himself the hero or the audience the heroes?

He made the audience the heroes, not himself. What was the advice?

Do not be the hero of your story. I'm super proud of you. >> Then he started to win. [applause] First in his club, then in bigger and bigger contests.

Then came the championship, a huge hall and a camera for the whole world.

Did he start to win?

>> Yes. Then he started to win. Did he win first in his club or first in the championship.

First in his club, then in bigger and bigger contests. What came after the bigger contests?

Then came the championship, a huge hall and a camera for the whole world. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. He did not win the final. He still stood before that audience after only seven months.

Every speech taught him one small thing. He was not born a speaker. He became one. Awesome.

Wait. Let's go. >> Did he win the final?

No, [sighs and gasps] he did not win the final. Was he born a speaker or did he become one?

He was not born a speaker. He became one. Where did he stand after only 7 months?

He still stood before that audience after only seven months. >> That's amazing. Remember this, months of focused practice can put you on a world stage.

not talent and not luck. Many real speeches and honest feedback after each one.

Can focused practice put you on a world stage?

Yes. Months of focused practice can put you on a world stage. Was it talent or many real speeches,

not talent? Many real speeches and honest feedback after each one. What came after each speech? Honest feedback came after each speech.

>> Speaking English works the same way. Never wait on the sofa until you feel ready.

Speak to a friend, a teacher, a mirror, or your phone camera.

Should you wait on the sofa until you feel ready?

No. Never wait on the sofa until you feel ready. Can you speak to a mirror or only to a teacher?

You can speak to a friend, a teacher, a mirror, or your phone camera. How does speaking English work

speaking English works the same way. >> All right. this matter. >> Remember the huge hall and the 3,000 faces.

His road began in a small club. Yours begins with one speech today.

Let's jump into it. >> Did his road begin in a small club?

Yes. His road began in a small club. Does your road begin with one speech or 100 speeches?

Yours begins with one speech today. What should you remember?

Remember the huge hall and the 3,000 faces.

The grammar we practice today, adverbs of frequency. They usually gave only one speech a month. He decided to speak much more often. He sometimes stopped strangers on the street and asked them to listen. After each speech, he always asked people for feedback.

Congratulations. You practiced 351 words in this story and you learned a lot. Awesome. Originals

of car original.

Tell them about the dream. >> Tell them about the dream from the book originals by Adam Grant. Text prepare front equal color character advisor supporter fully march. I have a dream. Four short words. Millions of people know them.

Martin Luther King Jr. said them in Washington in 1963.

Did King say these words in Washington?

Yes. Martin Luther King Jr. said them in Washington in 1963. Are they four short words or four long words?

They are four short words. How many people know these words? Millions of people know them.

About 250,000 people stood in front of him.

They came to the march for equal rights for black Americans.

thought. >> Did they come to a march?

Yes. They came to the march for equal rights. Did people stand in front of him or behind him?

About 250,000 people stood in front of him. Why did they come to the march?

They came for equal rights for black Americans. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> He prepared carefully. He was still writing the speech the night before.

He had a clear text on paper. He wanted every word to be right.

Did he prepare carefully?

Yes, he prepared carefully. Did he have a clear text or no text?

He had a clear text on paper. When was he still writing the speech?

He was still writing the speech the night before.

Here is the surprise. The dream words were not in that text.

He used the dream idea in other speeches. An advisor told him to leave it out.

Were

the dream words in his text?

No, the dream words were not in that text. Did a friend or an advisor tell him to leave it out?

An advisor told him to leave it out. Where did he use the dream idea?

He used the dream idea in other speeches.

So on the big day he read calmly from his paper.

The speech went well and the people listened politely. >> [applause] >> Something was still missing.

Did he read calmly from his paper?

Yes. On the big day, he read [clears throat] calmly from his paper. Did the people listen politely or leave?

The people listened politely. How did the speech go?

The speech went well. [gasps] Something was still missing. Awesome. Behind him sat Mahalia Jackson, an old supporter. She knew his dream idea.

Near the end, his old supporter called out loudly, "Tell them about the dream, Martin.

Did Mahalia Jackson sit behind him?

Yes. Behind him sat Mahalia Jackson, an old supporter. Did his supporter call out quietly or loudly?

And his old supporter called out loudly. What did she say?

She said, "Tell them about the dream, Martin.

>> Now stand where he stood. Thousands of people are watching you.

Your paper is in front of you. Your advisor said no. The safe choice is to finish it.

Is your paper in front of you?

Yes, your paper is in front of you. Did your advisor say yes or no?

Your advisor said no. What is the safe choice?

The safe choice is to finish it. >> He pushed his paper to the side. He looked up at the people.

Then he spoke freely with no text from his heart and memory.

Great. Did he push his paper to the side?

Yes. He pushed his paper to the side. Did he speak freely or read from his text?

He spoke freely with no text from his heart and memory. Where did he look?

He looked up at the people.

>> I have a dream, he said. And then he said it again and again. [cheering]

He spoke powerfully about his children. People would see their character, not their skin color. >> [applause]

>> Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did he say it only once?

No, he said it again and again. Did he speak powerfully or quietly about his children?

He spoke powerfully about his children. What would people see? People would see their character, not their skin color. >> This was the dream of the march. Equal people seen for character, not color. >> [applause]

>> These were not new words. He said words like these in many speeches.

Was this the dream of the march?

Yes. This was the dream of the march. Were these new words or old words.

These were not new words. He said words like these in many speeches. What was the dream of the march?

The dream was equal people seen for character, not color. Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> So he was fully ready. >> His practice gave him the words he needed.

In originals, Adam Grant sees something more here.

King never locked his plan. He left room to change it. Was

he fully ready?

Yes, he was fully ready. Did king lock his plan or leave room to change it? He left room to change it. What gave him the words?

His practice gave him the words he needed. >> Well done. >> King's paper did its job. Prepare fully, then be ready to leave the page.

English is the same. You prepare words. Then a teacher asks a new question.

>> Awesome. Let's go. Did King's paper do its job?

Yes, King's paper did its job. Should you prepare fully or not prepare?

Prepare fully. Then be ready to leave the page. What happens after you prepare words?

Then a teacher asks a new question. >> That's amazing. >> Let's jump into it and come back. >> If you practice many times, the words will come. You can leave the paper.

So practice one answer today. Tomorrow say it again with no notes.

Let's jump into it. >> Will the words come if you practice many times?

Yes. If you practice many times, the words will come. Should you practice one answer or 10 answers today?

Practice one answer today. What should you do tomorrow?

Tomorrow. Say it again with no notes.

The grammar we practice today, adverbs of manner, he prepared carefully. So on the big day, he read calmly from his paper. The speech went well and the people listened politely. Near the end, his old supporter called out loudly,

"Congratulations! You practiced 347 words in this story and you learned a lot." That's amazing. Awesome. Amazing.

The miracle morning.

The first service

forever.

No, it's not true. Can't change it. >> Can't change it. From the book The Miracle Morning by Hal Elrod. Driver. Nurse. Upset. Heart. Dead. Yesterday. Fact. Injury. Recover. Attitude. It is a cold night in December. A young man is driving home.

His name is Hal Lrod. He is only 20 years old.

Awesome. Okay, let's go. >> Is it a warm night?

No, it is a cold night in December. Is he [snorts] 20 or 50 years old? He is only 20 years old. Where is the young man driving?

A young man is driving home. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> Tonight he gave a talk to a big room of salespeople. He feels happy.

His friend sits next to him. The road is dark and quiet.

Does he feel happy tonight?

Yes, he feels happy. Is the road dark or bright?

The road is dark and quiet. Who sits next to him? >> His friend sits next to him.

>> Then lights come toward them. Another car is on their side of the road.

crash. The other car hits his car head on very fast.

Is another car on their side of the road?

Yes, another car is on their side of the road. Does the other car hit his car slowly or very fast?

The other car hits his car head on very fast. What comes toward them? Lights come toward them. [clears throat] I guess >> the other driver made a terrible choice. >> Howal pays for it.

Hal's heart stops for six minutes. He is dead.

Does Hal's heart stop?

Yes. [gasps] Hal's heart stops. Did the other driver make a good choice or a terrible choice?

The other driver made a terrible choice. How long is he dead? For 6 minutes he is dead. >> All right, back to the story. >> Doctors bring him back. Then he lies in a deep sleep for days.

He has 11 broken bones. His brain has an injury, too.

Does his brain have an injury?

Yes. His brain has an injury, too. Does he have 11 broken bones or two?

He has 11 broken bones. Who brings him back?

Doctors bring him back.

His family waits by his bed with heavy hearts. Nobody knows what will happen.

When he wakes up, the doctors explain his injury.

temp. >> Does anybody know what will happen?

No, nobody knows what will happen. Does his family wait with heavy hearts or happy hearts? His

family waits by his bed with heavy hearts. What do the doctors explain when he wakes up?

The doctors explain his injury.

He may never walk again. Will he recover? His family watches his face.

Many people would cry or shout or ask why this happened.

Is it sure he will walk again?

No, he may never walk again. Does his family watch his face or his hands? His family watches his face. What would many people do?

Many people would cry or shout or ask why this happened.

Hal remembers a rule from his manager at his first sales job.

When something bad happens, you can be upset for five minutes only.

speaking. Can you be upset for five minutes?

Yes, you can be upset for five minutes only. Is the rule from his manager or from his teacher?

The rule is from his manager at his first sales job. What does Hal remember?

Hal remembers a rule from his manager. >> Well done. Then you say can't change it and you move forward.

So he looks at the facts. He cannot change the crash.

He tells his family he will be happy walking or not.

speaking skills. >> Will he be happy walking or not?

Yes. He tells his family he will be happy walking or not. Can he change the crash or can he not change it?

He cannot change the crash. What does he look at? He looks at the facts.

He will not stay upset. He smiles at the nurses and his attitude surprises them.

The nurse's help with every exercise. He works hard at each one. Awesome.

Wait, let's go. >> Will he stay upset?

No, he will not stay upset. Does he smile at the nurses or shout at them? He smiles at the nurses. What surprises the nurses?

His attitude surprises them.

Just weeks later, the man who was dead takes slow steps again.

Step by step he recovers. Years later, he even runs a very long race.

Does he recover step by step?

Yes. Step by step he recovers. Does he take slow steps weeks later or years later?

Just weeks later, he takes slow steps again. What does he run years later?

He runs a very long race. I'm super proud of you. >> The crash was the other driver's choice. His attitude was his own choice.

His

rule is simple. Accept what happened, then choose your next step.

Was the crash his choice?

No, the crash was the other driver's choice. Was his attitude his own choice or the doctor's choice?

His attitude was his own choice. What is his rule?

His rule is simple. Accept what happened, then choose your next step. Let's jump into the Let's keep it up. >> Think about your hard days. A low score or a failed exam.

You cannot change yesterday's score. You can feel sad for a short time.

Can you change yesterday's score?

No, you cannot change yesterday's score. Can you feel sad for a short time or for years?

You can feel sad for a short time. Which hard days should you think about?

Think about a low score or a failed exam. >> Congratulations for then stop looking back. Yesterday's score is a fact. It won't be the end of your story.

Say can't change it and open your book. Take your next step today.

Let's jump into it. >> Will yesterday's score be the end of your story?

No, it won't be the end of your story. Is yesterday's score a fact or a dream?

Yesterday's score is a fact. What should you take today?

Take your next step today.

The grammar we practice today will won't. Nobody knows what will happen. Will he recover? He tells his family he will be happy walking or not. He will not stay upset.

Congratulations. You practiced 355 words in this story and you learned a lot.

It's all working. foreign.

native speakers.

Foreign

speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech. foreignch.

for

English.

[clears throat]

Awesome.

It's something amazing. It's something totally crazy. for the power of habit.

The pen in the dark. The pen in the dark from the book The Power of Habit by Charles Duhig. Desert pen marathon. O silly block podcast smell diet routine. She was fit and calm with a healthy diet. She had a good job and a house.

She ran long races. She even ran a marathon. [cheering]

Did she have a healthy diet?

Yes, she was fit and calm with a healthy diet. Did she run a marathon or a short race?

She even ran a marathon. What did she have?

She had a good job and a house. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Scientists wanted to study her brain. Her life was so different now.

Her name was Lisa Allen. Years before her life was very different.

Did scientists want to study her brain?

Yes, scientists wanted to study her brain years before. Was her life the same or very different?

years before her life was very different. What was her name?

Her name was Lisa Allen.

She smoked every day. She owed money and could not pay what she owed.

She could not keep a job for long. Then her marriage ends.

Did she owe money?

>> Yes, she owed money and could not pay what she owed. Could she keep a job for long? or not.

She could not keep a job for long. What happened to her marriage? Her marriage ended. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. She felt lost. So she took a trip to Cairo in Egypt.

On her first morning, she woke up in a dark hotel room.

>> Great. Did you take a trip to Cairo?

Yes, she took a trip to Cairo in Egypt. Did she wake up in a dark room or a bright room?

She woke up in a dark hotel room. How did she feel? She felt lost.

Let's keep it up. She wanted a cigarette and reached for one in the dark.

Then she smelled something strange. It smelled like burning plastic.

job. >> Did she smell something strange?

Yes, she smelled something strange. Did it smell like flowers or burning plastic?

It smelled like burning plastic. What did she want in the dark?

She wanted a cigarette and reached for one in the dark.

>> She was lighting a pen, not a cigarette. She sat down and cried.

Maybe it was a small silly moment for her. It was not silly. It was a turning point.

Was she lighting a cigarette?

No, she was lighting a pen, not a cigarette for her. Was it a silly moment or a turning point?

For her it was not silly. It was a turning point. What did she do then?

She sat down and cried. >> She decided to find one goal. She would come back and cross the desert.

She planned to do it within one year.

Did she decide to stay in Cairo?

No, she decided to find one goal. Did she plan to do it within 1 year or 10 years?

She planned to do it within one year. What did she decide to cross?

She decided to cross the desert. That's great. >> For a hard desert trip, she needed to stop smoking. So she did.

That one change started other changes. First she started to run.

Did she need to stop smoking?

Yes. For a hard desert trip, she needed to stop smoking. Did she start to run or to swim? She started to run. What did that one change? Start

that one change started other changes.

Running changed her diet. She ate better and slept better.

She saved money. She kept her job and worked harder.

She learned to plan her days, then her future.

Did running change her diet?

Yes, running changed her diet. Did she learn to plan her days or to forget them?

She learned to plan her days, then her future. What did she do with money? She saved money. >> That's amazing. Experts call this a keystone habit. It pulls other habits with it.

Think of a line of small blocks. Push the first and the others fall.

Awesome. Do experts call this a keystone habit?

Yes. Experts call this a keystone habit. Do you push the first block or the last block?

Push the first and the others fall. What does a keystone habit pull?

It pulls other habits with it. >> She did not push every block at once. She pushed the first

Lisa learned it in Cairo. Change one habit and others follow.

Let's jump into it. >> Did she push every block at once?

No, she did not push every block at once. She pushed the first Did Lisa learn it in Cairo or at home?

Lisa learned it in Cairo. What did Lisa learn?

Change one habit and others follow.

>> Try it with your English. Do not try to fix everything at once.

Choose one habit. Maybe 10 new words a day or one English podcast.

Should you try to fix everything at once?

No. Do not try to fix everything at once. Do you choose one habit or 10 habits?

Choose one habit. Maybe one English podcast. How many new words a day?

Maybe 10 new words a day.

>> Keep it in your daily routine and watch what starts to move.

Go back to the start. The marathon. The good job. The house.

Do you keep it in your daily routine?

Yes. Keep it in your daily routine and watch what starts to move. Do you go back to the start or to the end?

Go back to the start. The marathon, the good job, the house. What do you watch?

Watch what starts to move. >> All right. >> It all began with a burning pen in a dark room.

Your English can start like that. One podcast in your morning routine.

Final round. Did it all begin with a burning pen?

Yes. It all began with a burning pen in a dark room. Was the room dark or bright?

It was a dark room. How can your English start?

Your English can start like that. One podcast in your morning routine.

The grammar we practice today, verb plus to plus verb. She decided to find one goal. She planned to do it within one year. For a hard desert trip, she needed to stop smoking. First she started to run.

Congratulations. You practiced 349 words in this story and you learned a lot.

This is amazing. >> [laughter] >> So good. They can't ignore you.

The passion came later. >> The passion came later from the book so good they can't ignore you by Cal Newport. Passion, skill, technology, interested, history, complete, search, love, follow, graduate. Many people love this story. A young man loved computers, so he built Apple.

The young man was Steve Jobs. People share his story again and again.

In this story, did the young man love computers?

Yes. A young man loved computers. So he built Apple. Do people share his story once or again and again?

People share his story again and again. Who was the young man?

>> The young man was Steve Jobs. >> All right, back to the story. In 2005, he spoke to new graduates at Stanford University. [applause]

He told them, "You've got to find what you love. [applause] Awesome.

Let's go. >> Did he tell them to find what they love?

Yes. He told them, "You've got to find what you love." Did he speak to new graduates or to old teachers?

He spoke to new graduates. When did he speak at Stanford?

In 2005, he spoke to new graduates at Stanford University.

>> It is a beautiful idea. Find your passion first and success will follow.

So many young graduates wait. They search for years to find this passion.

Is it a beautiful idea?

Yes, it is a beautiful idea. Do young graduates search for days or for years?

They search for years to find this passion. What does the idea tell you?

Find your passion first and success will follow.

or useful.

When Jobs was young, he was not very interested in technology.

He left college early. For a while he studied history and calligraphy.

>> Great. When Jobs was young, was he very interested in technology?

No. When Jobs was young, he was not very interested in technology. Did he study history or computers

for a while? He studied history and calligraphy. When did he leave college? He left college early. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> He was more interested in spiritual ideas from Asia than in machines.

He spent time living on a farm with other young people.

>> Did he spend time on a farm?

Yes, he spent time living on a farm with other young people. Was he more interested in ideas or in machines?

He was more interested in spiritual ideas from Asia than in machines. Who did he live with on the farm?

He lived on a farm with other young people. >> Then he worked at a technology company just to earn money.

Even months before Apple, he was searching for meaning, not computers.

His friend Steve Wniaak was the real computer lover.

Let's jump into it. Did he work at a technology company to earn money?

Yes, he worked at a technology company just to earn money. Was he searching for meaning? or for computers.

He was searching for meaning, not computers. Who was the real computer lover? His friend Steve Wniaak was the real computer lover. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> When was built aboard, Jobs saw a chance to make money.

It was a small side business. They planned to sell boards to hobby builders.

speaking. When wasak built a board, did Job see a chance?

Yes. [laughter and snorts] When Wnjak built a board, Job saw a chance to make money. Was it a large company or a small side business?

It was a small side business. What did they plan to sell?

They plan to sell boards to hobby builders.

>> When a local shop owner asked for 50 complete computers, everything changed.

This was much bigger than their plan. So they worked hard to build them.

Did a shop owner ask for 50 complete computers?

Yes. A local shop owner asked for 50 complete computers. Was this bigger or smaller than their plan? This was much bigger than their plan. What happened when the shop owner asked

when a local shop owner asked for 50 complete computers? Everything changed.

When the business began to grow, jobs got better and better.

His great love for the work grew as his skill grew.

When the business began to grow, did jobs get better?

Yes. When the business began to grow, jobs got better and better. Did his love grow or stay small?

His great love for the work grew as his skill grew. What grew as his skill grew.

His great love for the work grew as his skill grew. Cal Newport tells this story in So Good They Can't Ignore You.

He says Jobs did not follow a passion. His passion followed his work.

Did jobs follow a passion?

No, he says Jobs did not follow a passion. Did his passion follow his work or his work follow his passion? His passion followed his work. Who tells this story.

Cal Newport tells this story in So Good They Can't Ignore You. [clears throat]

>> So, turn the old advice around. Passion often follows skill.

When you get good at something, people value you. Then you love it.

Does passion often follow skill?

Yes. Passion often follows skill. When you get good at something, do people value you or forget you.

When you get good at something, people value you. What should you turn around?

Turn the old advice around. That's great. >> Many learners wait to love English before they study it seriously.

The love often comes later. It comes when you understand your first complete English book.

speaking skills. >> Do many learners wait to love English?

Yes, many learners wait to love English before they study it seriously. Does the love come first or later?

The love often comes later. When does the love come?

It comes when you understand your first complete English book. That's amazing. Let's jump into So, do not ask about your passion. Ask, "What can I get good at?

Then give that skill your time and let the love come later.

Final round. Should you ask about your passion?

No, do not ask about your passion. Do you give your time to the skill or to the passion?

Give that skill your time and let the love come later. What should you ask?

Ask what can I get good at?

The grammar we practice today. When when Jobs was young, he was not very interested in technology. When Wnjak built a board, Jobs saw a chance to make money. When a local shop owner asked for 50 complete computers, everything changed. When the business began to grow, jobs got better and better.

Congratulations. You practiced 332 words in this story and you learned a lot. Congratulations. Awesome.

Deep work. Deep work.

Yummy.

Answer. The hotel room. >> The hotel room from the book Deep Work by Cal Newport. Library. Dog. Compare. Sweet. Statue. Cafe. Bench. Grand gesture distraction. A writer had a problem. She could not finish her book at home.

It was not just any book. It was the last Harry Potter book.

Could

[clears throat] she finish her book at home?

>> No, she could not finish her book at home. Was it the first Harry Potter book or the last?

It was the last Harry Potter book who had a problem.

A writer had a problem.

Millions of readers around the world were waiting for it.

The writer was JK Rowling. She lived in Edinburgh in Scotland.

speaking. Were millions of readers waiting for it.

Yes. [snorts] Millions of readers around the world were waiting for it. Did she live in Edinburgh or in London?

She lived in Edinburgh in Scotland. Who was the writer?

The writer was JK Rowling. >> I'm super proud of you. >> Her home was [gasps] busy. Her children were there and the dogs were noisy.

One day a man came to clean the windows. Every noise was a distraction.

Let's jump into it. >> Were the dogs noisy?

Yes, her children were there and the dogs were noisy. Was every noise a help or a distraction?

Every noise was a distraction. who came to clean the windows.

One day, a man came to clean the windows.

>> There were too many distractions, so she could not think.

The book was important, so she had to finish it.

What would you do in her place in that noisy house?

speaking skills >> with too many distractions. Could she think?

No, no, >> there were too many distractions, so she could not think. Was her house quiet or noisy? It was a noisy house. Why did she have to finish it?

The book was important, so she had to finish it. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. Maybe you would wake up earlier or ask your family for quiet.

Rolling did something strange. She left her home to write.

She went to the Bal Marl, a famous hotel in her city.

Did Rowling leave her home to write?

Yes, she left her home to write. Did she go to a famous hotel or a small cafe?

She went to the Bal Marl, a famous hotel in her city. What did Rowling do?

Rolling did something strange. She took a beautiful suite there. It cost a lot of money.

Her house was not far away. So why pay for a hotel room?

Did she take a sweet there?

Yes, she took a beautiful suite there. Was her house far away or not far away?

Her house was not far away. How much did it cost? It cost a lot of money. >> Compare the two places. The suite had no dogs and no window cleaner.

It was quiet, so the work began to move again.

Did the sweet have dogs?

No. The suite had no dogs and no window cleaner. Was the suite quiet or noisy?

It was quiet. So the work began to move again. What should you compare?

Compare the two places.

>> The first day went well, so she kept going back.

In January 2007, she finished the last book in that room.

Awesome. Did the first day go well?

Yes. The first day went well. So she kept going back. Did she stop or keep going back? She kept going back. When did she finish the last book.

In January 2007, she finished the last book in that room.

Before she left, she wrote a few words on a statue there.

The words on the statue said, "She finished the book there.

Awesome. Did she write on a statue?

Yes. She wrote a few words on a statue there. Did she write before she left or after she left?

Before she left, she wrote a few words on a statue. What did the words on the statue say?

The words on the statue said she finished the book there. >> Well done. The book Deep Work by Cal Newport tells this story.

Newport calls this a grand gesture, a big change for important work.

Does deep work tell this story?

Yes, the book Deep Work by Cal Newport tells this story. Is it a grand gesture or a small habit?

Newport calls this a grand gesture. What is a grand gesture?

A grand gesture is a big change for important work.

The hotel was not magic. The change itself was the message.

The price was high. So the work felt important.

A grand gesture tells your mind this matters.

Was the hotel magic?

No, the hotel was not magic. Was the price high or low?

The price was high, so the work felt important. What does a grand gesture tell your mind?

A grand gesture tells your mind this matters.

A library, a cafe, or a bench can work.

Try a small test this week. Pick one new place only for English.

Do you need a famous hotel?

No, you do not need a famous hotel. Can a library work or only a hotel?

A library, a cafe, or a bench can work. What should you try this week? Try a small test this week.

Maybe a quiet library, a small cafe, or a park bench.

Your phone is a big distraction, so keep it in your bag.

After one week, compare it with your old desk. Keep the better place.

Final round. >> Is your phone a big distraction?

Yes, your phone is a big distraction, so keep it in your bag. Do you keep the better place or the old desk? Keep the better place. What do you compare after one week?

After one week, compare it with your old desk.

the grammar we practiced today. So there were too many distractions so she could not think. The book was important so she had to finish it. It was quiet so the work began to move again. The first day went well so she kept going back.

Congratulations. You practice 346 words in this story and you learned a lot.

That's amazing. That's That's such a beautiful opportunity. Awesome. That's super amazing. Now we're starting a new level. Awesome. Crushing it.

brand person. Foreign

speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.

>> [clears throat]

>> The notes he almost forgot. >> The notes he almost forgot from the book Crushing It by Gary Vaynerchuk. Architecture electronic openly surprising study guide study note online business publish download unnemployed. Today, many people listen to his podcast. They learn how to build small online businesses.

His name is Pat Flynn. His story does not start with success. It starts with a bad day.

Awesome. Okay, let's go. >> Too many people listen to his podcast today.

Yes. Today many people listen to his podcast. Do they learn to build online businesses or big buildings?

They learn how to build small online businesses. How does his story start? His story starts with a bad day. >> In 2008, he was working for an architecture company in California. He liked his job very much.

He was helping to design buildings and he had a clear plan for his life.

Was he working for an architecture company in 2008?

Yes. In 2008, he was working for an architecture company in California. Was he helping to design buildings or cars? He was helping to design buildings. What did he have for his life? He had a clear plan for his life. >> Well done. >> He was also studying for a hard exam about green energy saving buildings.

He published his study notes on a simple website to help himself remember.

Let's jump into it. >> Was he studying for an easy exam?

No, he was studying for a hard exam about green buildings. Did he publish his study notes in a book or on a website?

He published his study notes on a simple website. Why did he publish his study notes?

He published them to help himself remember. >> He passed the exam. Then that year the economy crashed and many companies lost their work

in June. His boss called him into a meeting. Pat was losing his job in architecture.

Did he pass the exam?

Yes, he passed the exam. Was Pat getting a new job or losing his job?

Pat was losing his job. in architecture. What happened to the economy that year?

That year the economy crashed.

>> Maybe it was the worst day of his life. Maybe it was the best.

It felt like the end. Soon he would be unemployed with no plan.

Did he have a plan?

No. Soon he would be unemployed with no plan. Was it the worst day or the best day?

Maybe it was the worst day of his life. Maybe it was the best. How did it feel at that moment?

It felt like the end.

What could he do? He looked again at his small website. Something surprising was happening there.

Every day people were visiting it. They were studying for the same exam and his notes were helping them.

Awesome. Was something surprising happening on his website?

Yes, something surprising was happening there. Were people visiting it every day or once a year? Every day people were visiting it. What were the people studying for? They were studying for the same exam.

So he made a decision. He turned his study notes into a study guide, an electronic book.

He published it on his website and people paid to download it.

a bit. >> Did he turn his study notes into a study guide?

Yes. He turned his study notes into a study guide. Was the study guide a paper book or an electronic book?

The study guide was an electronic book. Where did he publish the guide?

He published it on his website and people paid to download it.

>> In the first month, the guide earned almost $8,000.

An unemployed man. A website of study notes. One electronic study guide.

Did the guide earn money in the first month?

Yes. In the first month, the guide earned almost $8,000. Was he an unemployed man or a busy boss? He was an unemployed man. What did the unemployed man have?

He had a website of study notes and one electronic study guide. Even he found it surprising. Every day people were downloading his guide.

Then he made a second choice. He decided to share everything he was learning openly and honestly.

Now it's your turn. answer the questions. >> Were people downloading his guide every day?

>> Yes. Every day people were downloading his guide. Did he find it surprising or boring? Even he found it surprising. What did he decide to share?

He decided to share everything he was learning openly and honestly.

>> He started a new website about online businesses. There he showed what worked and what failed.

He even showed openly how much money he earned each month.

Did he start a new website?

Yes, he started a new website about online businesses. Did he show only what worked or what failed too?

He showed what worked and what failed. What did he show openly each month?

He even showed openly how much money he earned each month. >> That's great. >> People trusted him because he did not hide his mistakes.

This is not a promise that every website will make money. Most websites never do.

Is this a promise that every website will make money?

No, this is not a promise that every website will make money. Did he hide his mistakes or show them?

He did not hide his mistakes. Why did people trust him?

People trusted him because he did not hide his mistakes. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> The lesson is different. A setback can become the start of your own project.

Remember the first line many people learn from him today.

Can a setback become the start of your own project?

Yes. A setback can become the start of your own project. Do many people or only a few learn from him today?

Many people learn from him today. What can a setback become?

A setback can become the start of your own project. >> That's amazing. Let's jump into it and come. >> It began on the day he lost his job with a website he almost forgot.

What small thing do you already have? Notes from your English lessons, a list of new words.

Share it. One day people may learn from you too.

Let's jump into it. Did it begin on the day he lost his job?

Yes, it began on the day he lost his job. Did he almost forget his website or his exam?

He almost forgot his website. What small thing do you already have?

Maybe notes from your English lessons or a list of new words.

The grammar we practice today, past continuous. In 2008, he was working for an architecture company in California. He was helping to design buildings and he had a clear plan for his life. He was also studying for a hard exam about green energy saving buildings. Pat was losing his job in architecture.

Congratulations. You practiced 384 words in this story and you learned a lot. Super proud of you.

This is great. Let's keep it up.

foreign.

And let's keep going. indestructible social Don't be hard with the

indestructible.

Tik Tok, [laughter] social med.

The superpower question from the book indistractable by near a activity blame research steel lovely super power notice notification interrupt concentrate. ation. One afternoon, a father sat at a table with his little daughter.

They were doing an activity book together. Each page had a question for a father and a daughter.

Did the father sit with his little daughter?

Yes. One afternoon, a father sat at a table with his little daughter. Were they doing an activity book or watching a screen?

They were doing an activity book together. What did each page have?

Each page had a question for a father and a daughter. >> Well done. >> It was a lovely activity just for the two of them. [clears throat] No work. And no meetings.

They were turning a page when a new question came. If you could have any superpower, what would it be?

Let's jump into it. >> Was it a lovely activity?

Yes, it was a lovely activity just for the two of them. Were they turning a page or closing the book?

They were turning a page when a new question came. What was the new question?

If you could have any superpower, what would it be?

It was a lovely question, the kind that lets a father see inside his child's mind.

His daughter was answering when he looked down at his phone.

Awesome. Wait, let's go. >> Was his daughter answering when he looked down?

Yes, his daughter was answering when he looked down at his phone. Was it a lovely question or a boring one? It was a lovely question. What was she doing when he looked at his phone? She was answering the question. >> Just for a second, he thought just one small thing to check.

While she was talking, his concentration was on the screen.

Did he want to check his phone for a long time?

No, just for a second, he thought while she was talking, was his concentration on her or on the screen?

While she was talking, his concentration was on the screen. What did he want to check?

Just one small thing to check.

He did not notice when she stopped. When he looked up again, she was playing on her own.

She had lost interest in the game. That moment was never going to come back.

Did he notice when she stopped?

No. He did not notice when she stopped. When he looked up, was she playing on her own or waiting for him?

When he looked up again, she was playing on her own. What had she lost?

She had lost interest in the game. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> He did not hear which superpower his daughter wanted. His phone had stolen the answer.

He [sighs and gasps] felt terrible. He could not blame anybody else. His own hand had picked up the phone.

Did he hear which superpower his daughter wanted?

No, he did not hear which superpower his daughter wanted. Could he blame anybody else or only himself?

He could not blame anybody else. What had his phone stolen?

His phone had stolen the answer. Let's jump into the Let's keep it up. So he started to study distraction. Why do we look away even when we do not want to

read research and talked to experts for years.

How would it kill him? Did he start to study distraction?

Yes. So he started to study distraction. Did he read research for days or for years?

He read research for years. Who did he talk to? He talked to experts.

Here is the twist. This father was no stranger to screens and the habits they build. [clears throat] His

name is Near Aal. He also wrote a famous book called Hooked.

Was this father a stranger to screens?

No, this father was no stranger to screens. Is his name near Aal or Hooked? His name is near Aal. What famous book did he write?

He also wrote a famous book called Hooked. >> I'm super proud of you. Hooked teaches companies how to build products that people use again and again.

Yes. The man who taught companies to hold our attention lost a moment to his phone.

How's your job? >> Does Hooked teach companies how to build products?

Yes. Hooked teaches companies how to build products. Do people use those products once or again and again?

People use them again and again. What did the man lose to his phone? He lost a moment to his phone. >> His research showed that he could not blame the phone alone. Even an expert needed a plan.

later he wrote a book about that plan called Indestructible.

Could he blame the phone alone?

No. His research showed that he could not blame the phone alone. Did even an expert need a plan or just more books?

Even an expert needed a plan. What did he call his new book? He called it indistractable.

>> Distraction steals moments you cannot get back. Most of them are small so we do not notice them.

Your English has moments like this too. Maybe the teacher was explaining when a notification came.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Does distraction steal moments?

Yes, distraction steals moments you cannot get back. Are most of those moments big or small?

Most of them are small so we do not notice them. What came while the teacher was explaining

maybe a notification came while the teacher was explaining. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. Maybe a friend was speaking English to you when you looked away.

One small notification can interrupt a big moment and your concentration goes with it.

Great. >> Was a friend speaking English to you when you looked away?

Yes, maybe a friend was speaking English to you when you looked away. Can a small notification interrupt a big moment or not?

One small notification can interrupt a big moment. What goes with the moment? Your concentration goes with it. All right. So try one daily rule. When someone is talking to you, your phone goes face down.

Let nothing interrupt them. Not even for a second. Some answers only come once.

Final round. >> Should your phone go face down?

Yes. When someone is talking to you, your phone goes face down. Should you let a notification interrupt them or let nothing

let nothing interrupt them. Not even for a second. How often do some answers come?

Some answers only come once.

Webinar we practically today past continuous versus past simple. They were turning a page when a new question came. His daughter was answering when he looked down at his phone. While she was talking, his concentration was on the screen. When he looked up again, she was playing on her own.

Congratulations. You practiced 382 words in this story and you learned a lot.

TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a lot of things.

[clears throat] That's that this is the right way. That's amazing. How to win friends and influence people.

It really helps.

His own mistakes first. His own mistakes first from the book How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Carnei. Judgment, expect suggest pause twice. type gently wisdom fault. A 19-year-old woman sat at a desk in a New York office typing letters.

It was her first real job. Only 3 years before she used to sit in a school classroom.

Was

the young woman typing letters?

Yes. She sat at a desk in a New York office typing letters. Was it her first real job or her 10th? It was her first real job. Where did she used to sit 3 years before

she used to sit in a school classroom. Lee. >> Her name was Josephine and her boss [clears throat] was her uncle, the writer, Dale Carnegie.

She had very little business experience and she made mistakes almost every day.

Was her boss her uncle?

Yes, her boss was her uncle, the writer Dale Cariegi. Did she have a lot of experience or very little?

She had very little business experience. How often did she make mistakes?

She made mistakes almost every day.

Carnegie tells this story himself in his famous book, How to Win Friends and Influence People.

One day he found another mistake in a letter she typed. He was ready to correct her.

Does Cariggi tell this story himself?

Yes. Cargi tells this story himself in his famous book. Did he find the mistake in a letter she typed? or in a book.

He found another mistake in a letter she typed. What was he ready to do? He was ready to correct her. Pause here. What do most bosses do next?

They point at the mistake. They explain what is wrong. And sometimes they get angry.

Awesome. Does the story ask you to pause here?

Yes. Pause here. Do most bosses point to the mistake or hide it? They point to the mistake. What do bosses sometimes do? Sometimes they get angry.

>> Maybe that is what you expect too. A mistake is a mistake after all.

Carnegie paused before he spoke. He asked himself a quiet question first.

Is that what you expect to Maybe that is what you expect too. Did Cariegi pause before he spoke or after?

Cargi paused before he spoke. What did he ask himself first?

He asked himself a quiet question first. >> Was it really her fault? He was twice her age with many more years of experience.

How could he expect her to have the judgment of a man his age?

Awesome. Let's go. >> Was he twice her age?

Yes, he was twice her age with many more years of experience. Did he have more experience or less than she did? He had many more years of experience. What could he not expect her to have?

He could not expect her to have the judgment of a man his age.

self at 19. How much wisdom did he have back then?

He used to make many silly mistakes then. And some were worse than hers.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did Cariegi used to make silly mistakes?

Yes, he used to make many silly mistakes then. Were some of his mistakes better or worse than hers? Some were worse than hers. Who did he remember?

He remembered himself at 19. I'm super proud of you. >> Here is the decision. [clears throat] He did not start with her mistake. He started with his own.

He gently told her there was a mistake in her work, but a small one.

Let's jump into it. Did he start with her mistake?

No, he did not start with her mistake. He started with his own. Did he tell her gently or angrily?

He gently told her there was a mistake. How big was the mistake? It was a small one.

>> Then he said he used to make much worse mistakes at her age.

He said, "Good judgment comes with experience." She was already better than he used to be at 19.

Did he used to make worse mistakes at her age?

Yes. He said he used to make much worse mistakes at her age. Was she better or worse than he used to be at 19?

She was already better than he used to be at 19. What comes with experience?

Good judgment comes with experience. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. Only after that did he show her the mistake and suggest a better way.

Cargi writes that it is much easier to hear about your mistakes this way.

How did he show her the mistake first?

No. Only after that did he show her the mistake. Did he suggest a better way or say nothing? He suggested a better way. What does Cargi write?

It is much easier to hear about your mistakes this way. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> The mistake was the same. Only the first sentence changed and that small wisdom changed the whole talk.

Remember who you were before you judge who they are. Was

the mistake the same?

Yes, the mistake was the same. Did that small wisdom change the whole talk or nothing?

That small wisdom changed the whole talk. What should you remember before you judge? Remember

who you were before you judge who they are.

>> In English, you will soon help people who know less than you do.

A friend, a brother or a classmate will make the mistakes you used to make.

will you soon help people in English?

Yes. In English, you will soon help people who know less than you do. Will they make new mistakes or the mistakes you used to make?

They will make the mistakes you used to make. Who will make those mistakes?

A friend, a brother, or a classmate will make them. That's amazing.

Do not start with their fault. Start with one of yours.

Tell them what you used to get wrong. Then gently suggest the better way.

>> Final round. Should you think twice?

Yes. When that happens, think twice. Should you start with their fault or one of yours?

Do not start with their fault. Start with one of yours. What did you use to get wrong?

Tell them what you used to get wrong. Then gently suggest the better way.

The grammar we practice today used to. only 3 years before she used to sit in a school classroom. He used to make many silly mistakes then and some were worse than hers. Then he said he used to make much worse mistakes at her age. She was already better than he used to be at 19.

Congratulations. You practiced 377 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's another story in your pocket. And you know, stories stick. Awesome.

Before we continue, a real student just like you, uh,

was able to get get amazing results.

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step

But anyways, the obstacle is the way. Oh my god. Obstacles.

That's an amazing concept. Oh yeah. The calm heart. >> The calm heart from the book The Obstacle is the way by Ryan Holiday. Launch unknown flight signal. Astronaut simulator suit safely wild shield. Picture this. A man in a silver suit is sitting on top of a giant rocket. His

name was John Glenn. It was February 1962 and he was waiting to leave the Earth.

Is the man wearing a silver suit?

Yes, a man in a silver suit is sitting on top of a giant rocket. Is he sitting on a rocket or on a plane?

He is sitting on top of a giant rocket. What was he waiting to do?

He was waiting to leave the earth. [clears throat]

No American had ever flown around the earth. He was going to be the first.

The rocket was new and dangerous. Nobody knew if he could come home safely.

Doctors on the ground were watching his heart.

Had any American ever flown around the earth?

>> No. No American had ever flown around the Earth. Was the rocket old and safe or new and dangerous?

The rocket was new and dangerous. What were the doctors watching?

Doctors on the ground were watching his heart. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> His heart beat faster at launch as any heart would. Then it stayed steady, not wild.

He did his job calmly as if he was at work in an office.

Did his heart beat faster at launch?

Yes. His heart beat faster at launch as any heart would. Did his heart stay steady or go wild?

It stayed steady, not wild. How did he do his job at launch?

He did his job calmly as if he was at work in an office.

>> Put yourself in his silver suit. Have you ever felt fear like that? Why was he so calm?

Most of us have never sat on a rocket. So we guess he was born brave.

Have most of us ever sat on a rocket?

No, most of us have never sat on a rocket. Do we guess he was born brave or born scared?

We guess he was born brave. Whose silver suit do you put yourself in? Put yourself in his silver suit.

That answer is nice. But you cannot copy a hero's heart.

In the obstacle is the way. Ryan Holiday gives a different answer. The missing clue is practice.

Can you copy a hero's heart?

>> No. You cannot copy a hero's heart. Is the missing clue courage or practice? The missing clue is practice. Who gives a different answer? Ryan Holiday gives a different answer.

>> For months, NASA made the astronauts practice the flight again and again in simulators.

A simulator was a machine that copied the real spacecraft with the same buttons and sounds.

Did the astronauts practice the flight again and again?

Yes, they practiced the flight again and again in simulators. Was a simulator a real spacecraft or a machine?

A simulator was a machine that copied the real spacecraft. What did the simulator have?

It had the same buttons and sounds.

Let's keep it up. The trainers made things go wrong on purpose. Alarms rang and lights went red.

Each time the astronauts had to find the problem and fix it fast.

is speaking. >> Did the trainers make things go wrong on purpose?

Yes, they made things go wrong on purpose. Did lights go green or red? Lights went red. What did the astronauts have to do?

The astronauts had to find the problem and fix it fast.

They practiced the scary moments so many times that the scary moments became normal.

So on the real day the launch was not new. His mind and body had seen it before

speaking skills. Did the scary moments become normal?

Yes. The scary moments became normal. Was the launch new to him or had he seen it before?

The launch was not new. His mind and body had seen it before. How many times did they practice the scary moments?

They practiced them so many times that they became normal. >> All right, back to the story. >> And real problems did come. A control system failed. So he flew the capsule by hand.

Then a signal said his heat shield might be loose. Without the shield, the return could kill him.

Awesome. >> Did real problems come?

Yes, real problems did come. Did he fly the capsule by hand or by computer?

He flew the capsule by hand. What did the signal say?

A signal said his heat shield might be loose. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> He did not panic at the signal. He did what he had practiced one step at a time. His

flight went around the earth three times and he came home safely.

Did he panic at the signal?

No, he did not panic at the signal. Did his flight go around the Earth three times or once?

His flight went around the earth three times. How [clears throat] did he come home? He came home safely.

Fear grows in the unknown, in things we have never seen. Practice takes the unknown away.

Your exam day is your launch. Have you ever felt your heart go wild before a test?

Let's jump into it. >> Does fear grow in the unknown?

Yes. >> [snorts] >> Fear grows in the unknown, in things we have never seen. Does practice take the unknown away or make it bigger?

Practice takes the unknown away. What is your exam day?

Your exam day is your launch.

So build your own simulator. one full practice test at the real exam time. Have you ever taken one

on test day? Your heart may beat faster. Let it. You have been here before.

Let's jump into it. >> On test day, have you been here before?

Yes. On test day, you have been here before. Should you take the test at the real exam time or any time?

Take it at the real exam time. What should you build?

Build your own simulator. One full practice test at the real exam time.

The grammar we practice today, present perfect experience. Have you ever felt fear like that? >> Most of us have never sat on a rocket, so we guess. Fear grows in the unknown in things we have never seen. Have you ever felt your heart go wild before a test?

Congratulations. You practiced 383 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Finished. That's amazing.

Which is great.

That's amazing. Radical cander. Radical cander.

foreign.

Um >> um from the book Radical Cander by Kim Scott. Presentation. Comment stupid directly personally. Chief, executive plainly. Correction, pronunciation. Um um um it is a tiny word. Most of us do not even hear ourselves say it.

This story is about that tiny word and a hard choice it caused.

Is um a tiny word? >> [clears throat]

>> Yes. Um is a tiny word. Do most of us hear ourselves say it or not even hear it?

Most of us do not even hear ourselves said. What did the tiny word cause?

It caused a hard choice. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. Kim Scott had just joined Google. She gave a presentation to the company's founders and its chief executive.

In her presentation, she talked about how her part of the business was doing

this speaking. Had Kim just joined Google?

Yes, Kim Scott had just joined Google. Did she give a presentation or write a letter? She gave a presentation. Who listened to her presentation?

She gave it to the company's founders and its chief executive. They had added so many new customers that the chief executive almost fell off his chair.

After the meeting, Kim felt great. Her boss, Cheryl Sandberg, asked her to take a walk.

Did the chief executive almost fall off his chair?

Yes. The chief executive almost fell off his chair. Did Kim feel great or terrible after the meeting? After the meeting, Kim felt great. What did her boss ask her to do? Her boss asked her to take a walk. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> Cheryl praised the good parts first. Then she said that Kim said um a lot.

Kim waved the comment away. The meeting went well, so why worry about one small word?

Did Cheryl praise the good parts first?

Yes. Cheryl prays the good parts first. Did Kim listen to the comment or wave it away?

Kim waved the comment away. What did Kim often say?

Kim said um a lot. >> Cheryl offered to find her a speaking coach paid by the company. Kim waved that away, too.

Stop here. Imagine you are Cheryl. The meeting has just ended. Well,

has the meeting just ended?

Yes, the meeting has just ended. Well, did Cheryl offer a [clears throat] speaking coach or a new job?

Cheryl offered to find her a speaking coach. Who pays for the coach? >> The coach is paid by the company.

>> You have already told her once kindly. She has not listened yet. What do you do now?

The easy choice is to smile and say nothing more. Nobody gets hurt today.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Has Kim listened yet?

No, she has not listened yet. Is the easy choice to smile or to speak again?

The easy choice is to smile and say nothing more. How many times have you already told her?

You have already told her once kindly. That's great. The hard choice is to say it again more clearly and risk an uncomfortable moment.

Cheryl chose the hard way. She said she could see that her message was not getting through.

Great. >> Did Cheryl choose the hard way?

>> Yes, Cheryl chose the hard way. Was her message getting through or not?

Her message was not getting through. What does the hard choice risk? It risks an uncomfortable moment.

Then she said it plainly. When you say um every third word, it makes you sound stupid.

That sentence hurt. Nobody wants to sound stupid. Now at last Kim was really listening. Awesome.

Wait, let's go. >> Did Cheryl say it plainly?

>> Yes. Then she said it plainly. Does saying um make you sound smart or stupid? It makes you sound stupid. How did that sentence feel? That sentence hurt. >> I'm super proud of you. >> This time she did not wave the comment away. She said yes to the speaking coach.

She worked with the coach and practiced. Slowly the ums left her talks.

Did Kim [gasps] wave the comment away this time?

No, this time she did not wave the comment away. Did she say yes to the coach or no? She said yes to the speaking coach. What left her talks?

Slowly the arms left her talks. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. Why did Cheryl say it so directly? She cared about Kim's future more than about one comfortable moment.

Years later, Kim wrote about this walk in her book, Radical Cander.

Did Cheryl say it directly?

Yes, Cheryl said it directly. Did she care more about Kim's future or one comfortable moment?

She cared about Kim's future more. What did Kim write about later?

Years later, Kim wrote about this walk.

She says a good boss does two things together. Cares personally and challenges directly.

So your teacher has just marked every mistake in your pronunciation. Do you take it personally?

Has

your teacher just marked every mistake?

Yes, your teacher has just marked every mistake in your pronunciation. Does a good boss care personally or only about the work?

A good boss cares personally and challenges directly. How does a good boss challenge?

A good boss challenges directly. Congratulations. Remember that walk? Maybe you have already waved one correction away. Do not wave the next one.

Say thank you for the correction and fix one sound in your pronunciation.

Has someone just corrected your English plainly? Good. Someone cares about your future.

Final round. Have you already waved a correction away?

Yes. Maybe you have already waved one correction away. Should you wave the next one away or say thank you? Say thank you for the correction. Why is it good when someone has just corrected you plainly? Someone cares about your future.

The grammar we practice today. Present perfect. Just already yet. The meeting has just ended. Well, you have already told her once kindly. She has not listened yet. So, your teacher has just marked every mistake in your pronunciation.

Congratulations. You practiced 382 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Great job.

That's amazing.

And that's such an amazing thing. So, let me stop you here for a second. People who have for

English.

English.

for

English.

English forchech.

Fatherchech. really clean English.

Awesome.

If it's something amazing, it's something totally crazy.

100 million offers, $100 million offers. Keep

Yeah, it's it's it's something really nice. The Playroom Office. >> The Playroom Office from the book $100 Million Offers by Alex Horosi. Account, commission, payment, gym, progress, toy, exact, chain, grandchild, debt. Today, millions of people have watched Alex Hormos's videos and read his business books.

He has built big companies. He looks like a man who always won.

This story starts somewhere very different. It starts in a children's playroom.

Have millions of people watched his videos.

Yes. Millions of people have watched Alex Horos's videos. Has he built big companies or small shops? He has built big companies. Where does this story start?

It starts in a children's playroom.

years before he opened a gym. Slowly he built a chain of six gyms.

Those were hard years. He tested ads, offers, and calls and learned what makes a stranger say yes.

Did he open a gym?

Yes. Years before he opened a gym, did he build a chain of six gyms or 60 gyms?

He built a chain of six gyms. What did he learn in those hard years?

He learned what makes a stranger say yes. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. Then he sold five gyms from his chain. He put the money into a new business with a new partner.

One morning he checked his bank account. The partner had taken all the money.

>> Great. Did he sell all of his gyms?

No, he sold five gyms from his chain. Did he check his bank account in the morning or at night?

He checked his bank account one morning. What had the partner taken?

The partner had taken all the money. >> He had no home of his own. Now, a kind family let him stay in their house. His

office was their grandchildren's playroom. He worked on a tiny chair with toys all around him.

Did he have a home of his own?

No. He had no home of his own now. Was his office a playroom or a bank?

His office was their grandchildren's playroom. What was all around him?

He worked with toys all around him.

>> Then on Christmas Eve, a payment company called. It was holding every payment from his new sales.

He owed his salesman a big commission, the money a seller earns for each sale.

speaking. >> Did a payment company call on Christmas Eve?

Yes. On Christmas Eve, a payment company called Was it holding every payment or only one payment?

It was holding every payment from his new sales. What is a commission?

A commission is the money a seller earns for each sale. That's amazing. >> His salesman had a baby and another [crying] baby was on the way.

Many owners would keep the money and pay that debt later. Nobody would blame them.

Did his salesman have a baby?

Yes, his salesman had a baby and another baby was on the way. Would many owners pay that debt now or later?

Many owners would pay that debt later. Who would blame them? [snorts]

Nobody would blame them. He did not wait. He sent his salesman the whole commission and paid the debt in full.

Then he looked at his bank account again. He had $1,036 left.

>> Did he wait?

No. He did not wait. Did he send the whole commission or half of it?

He sent his salesman the whole commission. How much money did he have left? [clears throat]

He had $1,036 left. >> All right, back to the story. >> You might say this is the end of the story. A man tried and he lost almost everything.

Look closer. He still had the thing that mattered most. The exact offer from those hard years.

speaking skills. >> Did he lose almost everything?

Yes, he lost almost everything. Did he still have the exact offer or a new idea?

He still had the exact offer from those hard years. What mattered most.

The exact offer from those hard years mattered most. I'm super proud of you. >> Days later, he began to fill other people's gyms with new members using that offer.

The business was called Jim Launch. Soon gym owners across the country wanted his help.

Awesome. Did he fill other people's gyms with new members?

Yes, he filled other people's gyms with new members. Was the business called Jim Launch or Jim Chain?

The business was called Jim Launch. Who wanted his help?

gym owners across the country wanted his help.

>> The hard season often teaches you the exact thing others will pay for.

You know this feeling? Your English feels slow and your progress feels small.

Let's jump into it. >> Does the hard season teach you something?

Yes, it teaches you [snorts] the exact thing others will pay for. Does your progress feel big or small? Your progress feels small. How does your English feel?

Your English [sighs and gasps] feels slow. >> That's great. >> Maybe you have studied alone at might and nobody has seen your progress. Every problem you solved there was a lesson.

When English feels hard, say aloud what you just learned as if teaching a friend.

Let's jump into it. >> Has anybody seen your progress?

No, nobody has seen your progress. Have you studied alone or with friends?

Maybe you have studied alone at night. What was every problem you solved?

Every problem you solved was a lesson.

Today, millions of people have heard his lessons. Once he worked on a tiny chair among the grandchildren's toys,

your hard season is a classroom, too. One day someone may want to learn from it.

Let's jump into it. Have millions of people heard his lessons.

Yes. Millions of people have heard his lessons. Did he work on a tiny chair or a big chair?

He worked on a tiny chair among the grandchildren's toys. What is your hard season?

Your hard season is a classroom, too.

The grammar we practiced today. Present perfect versus past simple. Today, millions of people have watched Alex Hormos's videos and read his business books. He has built big companies years before he opened a gym. Slowly he built a chain of six gyms.

Congratulations. You practiced 390 words in this story and you learned a lot. Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.

That's That's super great. Radical cander. Radical cander.

fority.

Why didn't you tell me? >> Why didn't you tell me? From the book Radical Cander by Kim Scott. Pleasant colleague harm empathy classmate clearly kindly honesty criticism unfair. Bob was a problem. Not a loud problem, a quiet one.

He worked at a small company that Kim Scott led. Bob is not his real name.

>> [laughter] >> was Bob a loud problem.

No, he was a quiet problem. Did he work at a small company or a big company?

He worked at a small company that Kim Scott led. Who led the company? Kim Scott led the company. >> Kim liked working with him. He was pleasant and his colleagues liked him too.

There was one problem. His work was very poor.

Awesome. Was he pleasant?

Yes, he was pleasant and his colleagues liked him too. Was his work very good or very poor? His work was very [snorts] poor. Who liked him too? His colleagues liked him too. That's great. >> Kim saw it. Every time he showed her his work, she saw the mistakes.

But she did not want to hurt him. So she spoke kindly instead.

>> Did Kim see the mistakes?

Yes. Every time he showed her his work, she saw the mistakes. Did she speak kindly or angrily? She spoke kindly. What did she not want to do? She did not want to hurt him.

>> She told him the work was fine. She gave him praise instead of criticism.

for 10 months. The same thing happened. Poor work, then kind words. Awesome.

Wait, let's go. >> Did she give him criticism?

No, she gave him praise instead of criticism. Did it happen for 10 months or for 10 days?

The same thing happened for 10 months. How long did the same thing happen?

For 10 months, the same thing happened. >> Look at that picture. A boss who never shouted and never made anyone feel small.

It looks like good leadership. For months it looked that way to everyone.

Let's jump into it. >> Did the boss ever shout?

No. She was a boss who never shouted. Did it look like good leadership or bad leadership? It looked like good leadership. How long did it look that way to everyone?

For months it looked that way to everyone. >> Well done. >> Slowly his weak work began to do real harm to the whole team.

The rest of the team was paying the price. It was unfair to them and they were becoming unhappy.

Did his weak work do harm to the team?

Yes, his weak work began to do real harm to the whole team. Was it fair or unfair to the team? It was unfair to them. Who was paying the price? The rest of the team was paying the price. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> Kim had to do the hardest thing a boss

can do. She had to fire Bob.

She sat down with him and explained. He looked at her and asked a simple question.

Did Kim have to fire Bob? >> Yes, she had to fire Bob. Did he ask a simple question or a long question? He asked a simple question. What did Kim do with him? She sat down with him and explained shift. Why didn't you tell me? Then he asked, "Why didn't anyone tell me?

Two short questions and the whole story turned around.

Did Bob ask, "Why didn't you tell me?"

Yes. He asked, "Why didn't you tell me?" Did he ask two questions or 10 questions?

He asked two short questions. What turned around?

The whole story turned around.

>> What could Kim say? She had seen the problem for months, and she had never told him.

For 10 months, those pleasant words felt good. They felt good to Kim and they felt good to Bob.

Had Kim seen the problem for months?

Yes. She had seen the problem for months. Did the words feel good to Kim or only to Bob?

They felt good to Kim and they felt good to Bob. How long did those pleasant words feel good

for 10 months? Those pleasant words felt good. >> Kind words without honesty took away his chance to improve. Nobody told him clearly. So he never fixed his work.

The most pleasant boss in the company did him the most harm. It was unfair to Bob, too.

Did kind words without honesty help him improve?

No. Kind words without honesty took away his chance to improve. Did the most pleasant boss do him the most good or the most harm?

The most pleasant boss did him the most harm. Who told him clearly? Nobody told him clearly.

In her book, Radical Cander, Kim gives this mistake a name, ruinous empathy.

This empathy cares about feelings so much that it hides the truth someone needs.

Let's jump into it. Does Kim give this mistake a name?

Yes. Kim gives this mistake a name. Ruinous empathy. Does this empathy hide the truth or tell the truth?

This empathy hides the truth someone needs. What does this empathy care about so much?

It cares about feelings so much. Think of a colleague or a classmate. Since last month, you have seen the same small mistake in their work.

Give them one piece of criticism kindly and clearly with one example.

Have you seen the same small mistake since last month?

Yes. Since last month, you have seen the same small mistake in their work. Should you give criticism kindly or angrily?

Give them one piece of criticism kindly and clearly. Since when have you seen the mistake?

You have seen it since last month.

>> Then ask your classmate or colleague to do the same for you. Remember

this. Silence feels kind today and honesty is kind tomorrow.

Final round. Should you ask your classmate to do the same?

Yes. Ask your classmate or colleague to do the same for you. Is honesty kind today or tomorrow?

Honesty is kind tomorrow. What feels kind today?

Silence feels kind today.

The grammar we practice today for since for 10 months the same thing happened for months. It looked that way to everyone. She had seen the problem for months, and she had never told him. For 10 months, those pleasant words felt good.

Congratulations. You practiced 373 words in this story, and you learned a lot. Fabulous integrate.

That was it. I I really really appreciate you practicing your English and learning something new. The snowball

comes

like snowball.

Oh my god. Warren Buffett.

$100. >> $100 from the book The Snowball by Alice Schroeder. Report. Partnership. Capital. Ordinary, aunt, [clears throat] banker, husband, sister, reliable, reputation. A young man sits at a dinner table in a quiet American city.

It is 1956 and he is only 25. Tonight he is going to ask seven people to trust him.

Is he going to ask seven people to trust him?

Yes. Tonight he is going to ask seven people to trust him. Is he 25 or 50?

He is [clears throat] only 25. Where does the young man sit?

He sits at a dinner table in a quiet American city.

Seven people sit around him. his sister and her husband, an aunt, his wife's father, and friends.

They are not rich bankers. They are ordinary people who know he is reliable.

Are they rich bankers?

No, they are not rich bankers. Is his sister there with her husband or alone?

His sister and her husband sit around him. What do these ordinary people know? They know he is reliable. He is going to start a small investment partnership and he wants them to join.

A partnership is a group that puts money together and shares the results.

Is he going to start a partnership?

Yes, he is going to start a small investment partnership. Does a partnership share the results or keep them?

A partnership shares the results. What is a partnership?

A partnership is a group that puts money together and shares the results.

He will choose the companies. They will share the profits and he will take a part.

At that dinner, he tells them his rules. He will not tell them what he buys.

Will he choose the companies?

>> Yes, he will choose the companies. Will he tell them what he buys or keep it quiet?

He will not tell them what he buys. What will they share? They will share the prophets. That's great. They will get a report once a year. They must trust him and he must earn it.

How much money do the seven put in together? about $15,000.

Will they get a report every week?

No, they will get a report once a year. Must he earn their trust or buy it?

He must earn it. How much money do the seven put in?

The seven put in about $15,000. >> That's amazing. >> How much does he put in himself? Just $100.

His real capital, the thing he starts with, is something else. He studied companies for years with a famous teacher.

Does he put in a lot of money himself?

No. He puts in just $100. Is his real capital money or something else?

His real capital is something else. Who did he study companies with?

He studied companies for years with a famous teacher. >> All right, back to the story. >> He worked for that teacher in New York. When the teacher retired, he came home

He did not wait for a perfect time. He started that year.

Did he wait for a perfect time?

No, he did not wait for a perfect time. Did he work for the teacher in New York or in Chicago?

He worked for that teacher in New York. When did he start? He started that year. His

partnership was small. He read reports day and night.

Year after year the partnership grew and so did his reputation. More people ask to join.

>> Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did he read reports day and night?

Yes, he read reports day and night. Did his reputation grow or stay small?

The partnership grew and so did his reputation. Who asked to join? More people asked to join.

In time, bankers and ordinary families traveled to his city to hear him. [snorts and clears throat]

to his sister, her husband and his aunt. He was only family. Today almost everyone knows his name.

Can >> did bankers travel to his city to hear him?

Yes. Bankers and ordinary families travel to his city to hear him. to his aunt. Was he family or a famous man? [clears throat] To his aunt, he was only family. Who knows his name today?

Today almost everyone knows his name.

>> The young man at that table was Warren Buffett.

He was not poor. He had saved money for years, but he put in only $100 of his own.

Let's jump into it. Was the young man Warren Buffett?

Yes. The young man at that table was Warren Buffett. Was he poor or had he saved money?

He was not poor. He had saved money for years. How much of his own money did he put in?

He put in only $100 of his own. >> The rest of his part was his skill and the trust of seven people.

Your first capital is skill and trust, not money.

Uh, >> is your first capital money?

No. Your first capital is skill and trust, not money. Was the rest of his part skill or money?

The rest of his part was his skill and the trust of seven people. Whose trust did he have? He had the trust of seven people. >> You may think your start is too small. You may say, "I'm going to start next year.

Look again. Your capital is not only money. It is your skill and your reputation.

Great. Do you think your start is too small?

Yes. You may think your start is too small. Is your capital only money or your skill and reputation.

Your capital is your skill and your reputation. What may you say?

You may say I am going to start next year. >> That's amazing. Let's jump into this week. Grow both. Learn one useful thing in English and keep one promise to someone.

Small promises kept again and again make you reliable. That is how people learn to trust you.

Final round. Will small promises make you reliable?

Yes. Small promises kept again and again make you reliable. Will you learn one useful thing or 10 things this week?

This week learn one useful thing in English. What will people learn? People will learn to trust you.

The grammar we practice today will versus going to. Tonight he is going to ask seven people to trust him. He is going to start a small investment partnership and he wants them to join. He will choose the companies. They will share the profits and he will take a part.

Congratulations. You practiced 391 words in this story and you learned a lot.

That's amazing. That's that's such a beautiful opportunity. The power of habit.

The plan for anger. >> The plan for anger from the book The Power of Habit by Charles Duhig. Trainer. Automatic. Anger. Freeze. Willpower. Practice quick out loud. React calmly. At 25, Travis Leachch was the manager of two busy Starbucks coffee shops.

About 40 people worked for him. He spoke calmly to angry customers and was patient with new workers.

Awesome. Okay, let's go. >> Was Travis the manager of two coffee shops?

Yes. At 25, Travis Leachch was the manager of two busy Starbucks coffee shops. Did he speak calmly or angrily to angry customers?

He spoke calmly to angry customers. How many people worked for him?

About 40 people worked for him. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. When you see him like this, you might think he was always calm. He was not.

It starts with a boy from a hard home. His parents had serious problems and life was never steady.

Awesome. Was he always calm?

>> No, he was not always calm. Was his home easy or hard? He was a boy from a hard home. What kind of problems did his parents have?

His parents had serious problems. He left high school at 16. He had very little help and a very quick temper.

He found jobs and then he lost them. When a customer was rude, he sometimes reacted with anger and shouted back.

Did he have a quick temper?

Yes, he had a very quick temper. Did he react with anger or with a smile?

He sometimes reacted with anger and shouted back. When did he leave high school? He left high school at 16. >> All [clears throat] right, back to the story. Then he got a job at Starbucks. The company did something that surprised him.

It did not only teach him to make coffee, it trained his willpower.

Did the company surprise him?

Yes, the company did something that surprised him. Did he get a job at Starbucks or at a bank? He got a job at Starbucks. What did the company train? It trained his willpower. >> That's great. >> New workers wrote small plans for hard moments. If a customer shouts at me, what will I do?

One plan had five simple steps. Listen. Say you understand. Fix the problem. Thank the customer. Explain what went wrong.

How did new workers write plans for hard moments?

Yes. New workers wrote small plans for hard moments. If a customer shouts, will the worker shout back or follow the plan?

If a customer shouts, the worker will listen and fix the problem. How many steps did one plan have? One plan had five simple steps. That's amazing. With a trainer, workers practiced these steps out loud until they became automatic.

You might say this is too simple. A person does not need a trainer to react well.

Let's jump into it. Did workers practice the steps with a trainer?

Yes. With a trainer, workers practiced these steps out loud. Did the steps become automatic or hard?

The steps became automatic. What might you say about this?

You might say this is too simple. >> I'm super proud of you. He did need it. When he felt the anger rising, the plan was already [sighs and gasps] waiting for him.

He did not have to find his calm in that quick hot moment. He only had to follow the steps.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did he feel the anger rising?

Yes. When he felt the anger rising, the plan was already waiting for him. Did he have to find his calm or follow the steps?

He only had to follow the steps. What was waiting for him?

The plan was already waiting for him.

>> Slowly the steps became a habit. The habit made him a different kind of worker.

He stopped losing jobs. He started to earn trust. Then he started to lead others.

Did the steps become a habit?

Yes. Slowly the steps became a habit. Did he start to lose trust or earn trust?

He started to earn trust. What did he stop losing? He stopped losing jobs. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Willpower is not only something you are born with. Someone can teach it to you like any skill.

Think about your hardest moment in English. If someone speaks fast, you may freeze.

If someone speaks fast, may you freeze.

Yes. If someone speaks fast, you may freeze. Are you only born with willpower or can someone teach it?

Someone can teach it to you like any skill. What should you think about?

Think about your hardest moment in English.

Write a plan for that moment. If they speak fast, I will not freeze. I will ask them to repeat it.

If I make a mistake, I will smile and say the sentence again calmly.

Awesome. If they speak fast, will you freeze?

No. If they speak fast, I will not freeze. If I make a mistake, will I smile or shout?

If I make a mistake, I will smile. How will I say the sentence again?

I will say the sentence again calmly. >> Well done. coming. >> If you practice the plan out loud, it will become automatic.

Now go back to the first line. 25 years old, two coffee shops, 40 people.

If you practice the plan out loud, will it become automatic?

Yes. If you practice the plan out loud, it will become automatic. Should you go back to the first line or the last line? Go back to the first line. How old was he in the first line?

He was 25 years old. >> All right. That line began with a boy who shouted and a small plan on paper.

Your English story can begin the same way. One hard moment and one small plan on paper.

Final round. Did that line begin with a boy who shouted?

Yes. It began with a boy who shouted and a small plan on paper. Can your English story begin the same way or a different way?

Your English story can begin the same way. What do you need on paper?

You need one small plan on paper.

The grammar we practice today. First conditional. If a customer shouts at me, what will I do? If someone speaks fast, you may freeze. If they speak fast, I will not freeze. If I make a mistake, I will smile and say the sentence again calmly.

Congratulations. You practiced 391 words in this story and you learned a lot. Super proud of you.

This is great. Let's keep it up. Ego is the enemy. for

words.

The office phone. >> The office phone from the book ego is the enemy by Ryan Holiday. Standard performance. Professional dress. Exciting. Scoreboard. Take care of discipline. Responsibility. Excellence. ring. A phone was ringing in a football office in San Francisco.

Someone answered it. That sounds like nothing. But for one man, it was not nothing.

Was

a phone ringing in a football office?

Yes. A phone was ringing in a football office in San Francisco. Did someone answer it or leave it? Someone answered it. What does that sound like? That sounds like nothing.

His name was Bill Walsh. In 1979, he became the head coach of the San Francisco 49ers.

The team was the worst in American football. The year before it won only two games.

Did Bill Walsh become the head coach?

Yes, he became the head coach of the San Francisco 49ers. Was the team the best or the worst?

The team was the worst in American football. How many games did it win the year before?

The year before it won only two games. That's great. >> The players were losing and nobody expected much from them.

Many new coaches start with big plans and big speeches. Walsh started with small things.

Did anybody expect much from the players?

No. Nobody expected much from them. Did Walsh start with big speeches or small things.

Walsh started with small things. What do many new coaches start with?

Many new coaches start with big plans and big speeches. >> I'm super proud of you. >> Ryan Holiday writes about this in Ego is the Enemy. Walsh called it his standard of performance.

It was a set of rules for excellence. Everyone had a responsibility, not only the players.

Did Walsh call it his standard of performance?

Yes. Walsh called it his standard of performance. Was it a set of rules for excellence or for fun?

It was a set of rules for excellence who had a responsibility.

Everyone had a responsibility, not only the players.

It said how to practice and how to dress. Everyone must dress like a professional.

Even the office phone must be answered properly. Coaches, players, and office workers all worked to the same high standard.

Must everyone dress like a professional?

Yes. Everyone must dress like a professional. Must the office phone be answered properly or quickly.

The office phone must be answered properly. What standard did everyone work to?

They all worked to the same high standard.

>> Offices must be clean. Small details must be right every day.

Why would a football coach worry about phones and clean desks? It looked like a small idea.

Must offices be clean?

Yes. Offices must be clean. Must small details be right every day or once a week.

Small details must be right every day. What did it look like?

It looked like a small idea.

>> And in his first season, the results did [clears throat] not change. The team won only two games again.

A whole year of work on small things and the scoreboard showed nothing.

Did the results change in his first season?

No, the results did not change. Did the scoreboard show nothing or a big win? The scoreboard showed nothing. How many games did the team win again?

The team won only two games again. >> A weaker leader might stop there and look for something new and exciting.

Walsh did not stop. With quiet discipline, he took care of the small things day after day.

Awesome. Did Walsh stop?

>> No, Walsh did not stop. Might a weaker leader look for something exciting or something small?

A weaker leader might look for something new and exciting. What did he take care of?

With quiet discipline, he took care of the small things.

He believed that when the work was right, the score would take care of itself.

Slowly the players began to act like professionals with real discipline. They started to trust the system.

Speaking skills. Did he believe the score would take care of itself?

Yes. He believed the score would take care of itself. Did the players act like professionals or like beginners?

The players began to act like professionals. What did they start to trust?

They started to trust the system.

>> In his second season, the team's performance was better. It was still not [cheering] a winning team.

Then came the third season. The 49ers won the Super Bowl, the biggest prize in American [cheering] football.

is speaking. >> Was the team's performance better in his second season?

Yes. In his second season, the team's performance was better. Did they win the Super Bowl in the third season or the first?

The 49ers won the Super Bowl in the third season. What is the Super Bowl?

It is the biggest prize in American football.

>> From the worst team to champions in only three seasons. At last, the scoreboard showed the work.

People remember the exciting win. They forget the phones and the clean offices.

Did the scoreboard show the work at last?

Yes. At last the scoreboard showed the work. Do people remember the exciting win or the phones?

People remember the exciting win. What do people forget?

They forget the phones and the clean offices. ring. That phone was never a small thing. It was the whole idea.

Big results do not start big. They start with how you do small things. When nobody is watching,

was that phone a small thing?

No, that phone was never a small thing. Do big results start big or small. Big results do not start big. What was the phone?

It was the whole idea. That's amazing. Let's jump into it and come. >> You mustn't wait for a big day to start. Excellence is a daily responsibility.

What is the office phone in your English?

Final round. Is excellence a daily responsibility?

Yes, excellence is a daily responsibility. Must you start today or wait for a big day?

You mustn't wait for a big day to start. What question does the story ask you?

What is the office phone in your English? [clears throat]

The grammar we practice today mustn't. Everyone must dress like a professional. Even the office phone must be answered properly. Offices must be clean. Small details must be right every day.

Congratulations. You practice 389 words in this story and you learned a lot.

TPRS comprehensible input Dr. fashion. A lot of things

that's that this is the right way. That's amazing. The ultra learning

fordul

Four out of five. >> Four out of five. From the book Ultraarning by Scott H. Young. Active. Admit exchange. Aim. Learner. Lunchtime. Center. Vocabulary. Accent fluency. Lunchtime in Paris. Two young men sit in a small Italian restaurant.

One is Scott Young, an exchange student in France. His French is not improving and he feels stuck. Awesome.

Is Scott Young an exchange student in France?

Yes, Scott Young is an exchange student in France. Is it lunchtime in Paris or in Rome?

It is lunchtime in Paris. How does Scott feel about his French?

He feels stuck. His French is not improving.

The other man is Benny Lewis from Ireland. He speaks French to Scott with real fluency.

He was an engineer once. Now he travels from country to country and learns their languages.

speaking. Does Benny speak French with real fluency?

Yes, he speaks French to Scott with real fluency. Was Benny an engineer or a teacher? He was an engineer once. Where is Benny Lewis from?

Benny Lewis is from Ireland.

>> Scott describes this lunch from his exchange year near the start of his book, Ultra Learning.

The Irishman's lunchtime advice is short. Always have a challenge.

Is the Irishman's lunchtime advice long?

No. The Irishman's lunchtime advice is short. Is this lunch from Scott's exchange year or from his school days?

This lunch is from Scott's exchange year. What is the Irishman's advice?

His advice is short. Always have a challenge.

As a learner, he gives himself three months in each new country.

His normal aim is B2, a strong middle level for easy talk with local people.

How as a learner, does he give himself three months in each country?

Yes. He gives himself three months in each new country. Is his normal aim B2 or C2? His normal aim is B2. What is B2?

B2 is a strong middle level for easy talk with local people.

Now he is planning his next challenge. This time the language is German.

He studied German at school for years, but he still cannot speak it.

Is his next challenge French?

No. This time the language [sighs and gasps] is German. Did he study German at school or at work?

He studied German at school for years. What can he still not do in German? He still cannot speak it.

He admits that he cannot even order breakfast in German.

Some old vocabulary may still be in his head. Those classes may make German easier than a new language.

Let's jump into it. >> Does he admit that he cannot order breakfast in German?

Yes, he admits that he cannot even order breakfast in German. May some old vocabulary still be in his head, or is it all gone?

Some old vocabulary may still be in his head. What may those school classes do?

Those classes may make German easier than a new language. >> Well done. So he changes the goal. He does not want the normal B2 this time.

He aims for C2, the highest level of all. It means almost full understanding and expert fluency.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Does he want the normal B2 this time?

No, he does not want the normal B2 this time. Does he aim for C2 or for B2?

He aims for C2, the highest level of all. What does C2 mean?

It means almost full understanding and expert fluency. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. The exam center suggests at least 750 hours of classes for this level.

He wants to fit the cent's hours into three months, about 8 hours a day.

Does the exam center suggest at least 750 hours?

Yes, the exam center suggests at least 750 hours of classes. Does he want to fit the cent's hours into 3 months or 3 years?

He wants to fit the cent's hours into three months. How many hours a day is that? It is about 8 hours a day.

8 hours a day might sound impossible. He might even fail the exam.

A few months later, the exam is over.

>> Let's jump into it. >> Might 8 hours a day sound impossible?

Yes, 8 hours a day might sound impossible. Might he fail the exam or is he sure to pass?

He might even fail the exam. What happens a few months later?

A few months later, the exam is over. The exam has five parts. He passes four of them and he fails one. Listening.

So he misses the top level by a very small amount.

Does he pass all five parts?

No, he passes four of them and he fails one. Does he fail reading or listening? He fails listening. How does he miss the top level?

He misses the top level by a very small amount.

He admits his mistake. Too much radio, too little active listening.

So did he fail? You might say yes. Yet he came close to the top, far above his B2 aim.

Might you say that he failed?

Yes, you might say yes. Yet he came close to the top. Was his mistake too much radio or too much reading?

His mistake was too much radio and too little active listening. What does he admit?

He admits his mistake. Too much radio, too little active listening. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> A safe goal could not push him that far. full days aimed at a high goal. Did

many learners choose a safe go with no date. Some wait for a perfect accent before they speak.

Awesome. Could a safe goal pump him that far?

No. A safe goal could not push him that far. Do many learners choose a safe goal or a high goal?

Many learners choose a safe goal with no date. What do some learners wait for?

Some wait for a perfect accent before they speak. All right. Your accent may not be perfect yet, and your vocabulary may be small.

Then pick a goal one level above safe and give it active hours every day.

You might miss it by a little like Benny. You will still stand far higher than before.

Final round. Might you miss your goal by a little?

Yes, you might miss it by a little. like Benny. Should you pick a goal above safe or below safe?

Pick a goal one level above safe. What may not be perfect yet.

Your accent may not be perfect yet and your vocabulary may be small.

The grammar we practice today might may. Some old vocabulary may still be in his head. Those classes may make German easier than a new language. 8 hours a day might sound impossible. He might even fail the exam.

Congratulations. You practice 386 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's another story in your pocket. And you know, stories stick. Awesome.

Blue Ocean Strategy.

What

Yeah, that's how it works. The 10inut haircut. The 10-minute haircut from the book Blue Ocean Strategy by W.ch Kim and Renee Moour. Towel. Massage. Haircut. Ceiling. Complain. Barber. Traffic. Strategy. shoulder hose. A busy businessman in Tokyo needed a haircut. He was not looking forward to it.

In Japan at that time, a man's haircut was a long routine. It took [clears throat] about an hour.

Awesome.

Did the businessman need a haircut?

Yes, a busy [gasps] businessman in Tokyo needed a haircut. Did a haircut take about an hour or about a day? It took about an hour. What was a man's haircut in Japan at that time?

A man's haircut was a long routine. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> First came the waiting. Then came hot towels, a shoulder massage, and a cup of tea or coffee.

The cutting itself was only a small part of that hour and the price was high.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Was there a shoulder massage?

Yes, there were hot towels and a shoulder massage. Did the hot towels come first or the waiting?

First came the waiting, then came hot towels. How was the price? The price was high. coming. >> His name was Kunioshi Konishi. He was not a barber and he had never cut anyone's hair.

For him the long routine was not a gift. It was a slow as city traffic.

Was Konishi a barber?

No, he was not a barber. Was the routine as slow as city traffic or as fast as a train?

It was as slow as city traffic. What was the long routine for him?

For him the long routine was not a gift.

What would you do if you were in his place?

Most people would complain or look for a faster barber. Many would simply accept it.

Awesome. Would most people complain?

Yes, most people would complain. Would they look for a faster barber or a slower one?

They would look for a faster barber. What would many people simply do?

Many would simply [sighs] accept it. >> That's amazing. >> After all, every barberh shop in the city was as slow as the next.

Konishi did something strange in 1996. He opened his own small barber shop in Tokyo.

Great. >> Was every barbershop as slow as the next?

Yes. Every barber shop in the city was as slow as the next. Did he open a small barber shop or a big hotel?

He opened his own small barber shop in Tokyo. When did Konishi open his barberh shop

in 1996 he opened his own small barber shop. I will get >> his shop removed almost everything, no hot towels, no massage, no tea or coffee.

It even removed the hair washing. Instead, a hose from the ceiling pulled away the cut hair.

is speaking. Did his shop keep the hot towels?

No, his shop removed almost everything, even the hot towels. Did a hose come from the ceiling or from the floor? A hose came from the ceiling. What did the hose do? The hose pulled away the cut hair.

The ceiling hose was not as gentle as a warm wash. It was much faster.

Outside a light like a traffic light showed when a chair was free.

I have your job. >> Was the ceiling hose as gentle as a warm wash?

No. The hose was not as gentle as a warm wash. Was the hose faster or slower?

It was much faster. What showed when a chair was free?

A light like a traffic light showed. When a chair was free,

the result, a haircut took about 10 minutes, it was not as expensive as before.

Many believe that men wanted the full service. They were wrong.

Was the new haircut as expensive as before?

No, it was not as expensive as before. Did a haircut take 10 minutes or an hour?

A haircut took about 10 minutes. What did many believe?

Many believed that men wanted the full service.

Men wanted only two things. A cut as good as before and their time back.

Customers

came in large numbers, and each barber served many more people every hour.

speaking skills. >> Did men want to cut as good as before?

Yes. Men wanted a cut as good as before and their time back. Did customers come in small numbers or large numbers?

Customers came in large numbers. What did each barber do?

Each barber served many more people every hour. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> His company was called QB House. It grew to over 200 shops in about 7 years.

He did not add more. He removed what people did not need. and gave them what they valued.

Was

his company called QB House?

Yes. His company was called QB House. Did he add more or remove what people did not need?

He removed what people did not need. How many shops did it grow to?

It grew to over 200 shops.

>> The book Blue Ocean Strategy uses this shop as an example of a clever strategy.

Now think about your English study hour. Maybe you complain that you have no time.

Is this shop an example of a clever strategy?

Yes. The book uses this shop as an example of a clever strategy. Do you complain about too much time or no time?

Maybe you complain that you have no time. Which book uses this shop as an example?

The book Blue Ocean Strategy uses this shop. >> All right, back to the story. >> How much of it is the real cut? speaking, listening, and writing your own sentences.

And how much is hot towels? A pretty plan, colorful notes, the search for the perfect app.

Are color colorful notes part of the real cut?

No. Colorful notes are hot towels. Is speaking the real cut or a hot towel.

Speaking is the real cut. What is the real cut?

The real cut is speaking, listening, and writing your own sentences. >> That's amazing. >> Hot towels feel as nice as a shoulder massage. They also eat your time.

tomorrow. Keep the cut. Remove one hot towel and give that time to real practice.

Let's jump into it. >> Do hot towels feel as nice as a shoulder massage?

Yes, hot towels feel as nice as a shoulder massage. Should you remove one hot towel or all your practice?

Remove one hot towel and give that time to real practice. What do hot towels also do? They also eat your time.

The grammar we practice today as as it was as slow as city traffic. After all, every barberh shop in the city was as slow as the next. The ceiling hose was not as gentle as a warm wash. It was not as expensive as before.

Congratulations. You practiced 391 words in this story and you learned a lot. Finished. That's amazing.

which is great.

That's amazing. Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.

perfection.

Unique. It's a nice time to think about innovation. Finished then not >> finished then not from the book Steve Jobs by Walter Isacson. Realize deadline. Polish. Frame. Recording. Paragraph. Design. Case. Prototype. Perfection. This is the story of a phone that was finished and then was not.

Walter Isacson describes the moment in his biography of Steve Jobs. Was

the phone finished?

Yes, the phone was finished and then was not. Is this the story of a phone or a car?

H. This is the story of a phone who describes the moment.

Walter Isaxson describes the moment in his biography of Steve Jobs. incoming. >> It was before the first iPhone. Apple's designers had worked on it for about 9 months.

The prototype was ready. The glass screen sat inside a metal case and the work was almost done.

Was the prototype ready?

Yes. The prototype was ready. Did the screen sit inside a metal case or a wooden case?

The glass screen sat inside a metal case. How long had the designers worked on it?

They had worked on it for about 9 months.

Then one Monday morning, Jobs went to see his chief designer, Johnny IV.

He told IV that he did not sleep the night before.

Did Jobs sleep the night before?

No, he did not sleep the night before. Was it a Monday morning or a Friday night? It was one Monday morning. Who did Jobs go to see?

He went to see his chief designer, Johnny IV.

The reason was simple. He realized he did not love the design.

Imagine

you are on that team. You have worked for months and the deadline is close.

Did he love the design?

No, he realized he did not love the design. Is the deadline close or far? The deadline is close. What did Jobs realize?

He realized he did not love the design. The boss says he does not love it. What do you hope he says next?

Maybe you hope he says it is good enough. A few small changes and we meet the deadline.

Awesome. Let's go. >> Do you hope he says it is good enough?

Yes. Maybe you hope he says it is good enough. Do you hope for small changes or a new start?

You hope for a few small changes. What does the boss say?

The boss says he does not love it. >> That's amazing. >> I've thought about it and realized Jobs was right.

The screen was the heart of the phone. The metal case was too strong and fought with the screen for attention.

Did I've realized Jobs was right.

Yes, I thought about it and realized Jobs was right. Was the metal case too strong or too weak? The metal case was too strong. What was the heart of the phone? The screen was the heart of the phone.

The old design was good, but not good enough. They would not polish it. They would start again.

Jobs told the team they would all have to work nights and weekends.

Step it. >> Was the old design good enough?

No. The old design was good, but not good enough. Would they polish the old design or start again?

They would not polish it. They would start again. When would the team have to work?

They would all have to work nights and weekends. All right, back to the story. >> Nobody could promise there was enough time. The parts inside the phone had to change, too.

The new prototype had a thin steel frame. It was thin enough for the glass to reach the edge.

Could anybody promise there was enough time?

No. Nobody could promise there was enough time. Did the new prototype have a thick frame or a thin frame?

The new prototype had a thin steel frame. What was the frame thin enough for?

It was thin enough for the glass to reach the edge. That's great. >> The team moved those parts again and again until everything fitted inside that frame.

When people picked it up, they did not see a case. They saw only the screen.

Let's jump into it. >> Did everything fit inside the frame in the end?

Yes. Everything fitted inside that frame. Did people see a case or only the screen? They saw only the screen. What did the team move again and again?

The team moved those parts again and again. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. >> In January 2007, Jobs showed the iPhone to the world. >> [applause]

>> Good is not good enough when you know it can be great.

speaking. >> Did Jobs show the iPhone in 2007?

Yes. In January 2007, Jobs showed the iPhone to the world. Did he show it to the team or to the world?

Jobs showed the iPhone [snorts] to the world. When is good not good enough?

Good is not good enough when you know it can be great. >> I'm super proud of you. >> That does not mean chasing perfection in every piece of work. It means listening when you do not love it.

It is easy to stop at good enough. The sentence is correct. So you move on.

Does it mean chasing perfection?

No, it does not mean chasing perfection in every piece of work. Is it easy or hard to stop at good enough? It is easy to stop at good enough. What does it mean?

It means listening when you do not love it. >> Well done. >> Go back to it. Open the last paragraph you wrote in English or play your last recording.

Read the paragraph or listen to the recording slowly. Then decide, do I love it?

speaking. Should you open the last paragraph you wrote?

Yes. Open the last paragraph you wrote in English. Should you listen to the recording quickly or slowly?

Listen to the recording slowly. What should you decide?

Then decide, do I love it? >> That's amazing. Let's jump into it and come in. >> If the answer is no, do not just polish it. Choose one sentence and make it again better.

You do not need perfection. You need one sentence. You love

Let's jump into it. Should you just polish it?

No. Do not just polish it. Do you need perfection or one sentence you love?

You need one sentence you love. What should you do if the answer is no?

Choose one sentence and make it again better.

The grammar we practice today enough. Maybe you hope he says it is good enough. The metal case was too strong and fought with the screen for attention. The old design was good, but not good enough. Nobody could promise there was enough time.

Congratulations. You practiced 389 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Great job.

That's amazing.

And that's such an amazing thing.

I want you to listen to what happened. Let's go.

for

Tik Tok.

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Tiny Habits.

two push-ups and push-ups. That's it. It's going to have a huge impact.

The guess. >> The guess from the book tiny habits by BJ Fog. Task estimate advanced regular education. Honor, tick, organize, concentrate, timetable. Imagine a clock on a kitchen wall. Under it, a girl sits with her homework.

Tick tick. The girl is Rachel. For her, homework was such a big thing.

Was homework such a big thing for Rachel?

Yes, for her homework was such a big thing. Is the clock on a kitchen wall or a classroom wall? The clock is on a kitchen wall. Who is the girl under the clock? The girl is Rachel.

At school, she was in special education classes. Many tasks felt so big to her.

She did not know where to start or how long a task would take.

Did many tasks feel so big to her?

Yes. Many tasks felt so big to her. Was she in special education or advanced classes? She was in special education classes. What did she not know?

She did not know how long a task would take.

An hour could go by so quickly and the homework was still not finished.

Her mother Amy wanted to help. She did not try to change everything at once.

>> Could an hour go by so quickly?

Yes, an hour could go by so quickly. Did Amy try to change everything at once or not? She did not try to change everything at once. Who wanted to help? Her mother Amy wanted to help.

>> She used tiny habits, a method from a Stanford researcher named BJ Fog.

A tiny habit is so small that it feels easy even on a bad day.

Is a tiny habit so small that it feels easy.

Yes. A tiny habit is so small that it feels easy. Is BJ Fog a researcher or a teacher? BJ Fog is a Stanford researcher. When does a tiny habit feel easy?

It feels easy even on a bad day.

>> It comes right after something regular that you already do. Then you celebrate even with a smile.

Mother and daughter practiced one small skill together. They practiced how to estimate homework time.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Does a tiny habit come after something regular?

Yes, it comes right after something regular that you already do. Did they practice how to estimate homework time or how to read?

They practiced how to estimate homework time. How do you celebrate?

You celebrate even with a smile. Okay. To estimate means to guess first and check after. Guess the minutes, then look at the clock.

Was the guest close? If it was, that was a small win and they noticed it. [laughter]

Does estimate mean to guess first and check after?

Yes. To estimate means to guess first and check after. Do you guess the minutes or the pages?

You guess the minutes, then look at the clock. What was a small win?

If the guess was close, that was a small win.

Day after day, the guesses taught her a little more about herself.

Slowly, the guesses got better. Big tasks did not look so big because she could see their size.

Did the big tasks still look so big?

No. Big tasks did not look so big. Did the guesses get better or worse?

Slowly the guesses got better. What did the guesses teach her?

Tit tick. Day after day, the guestes taught her a little more about herself.

>> Something else changed, too. She began to see herself as a student who could plan and organize.

She moved from special education into regular classes.

Did she move into regular classes?

Yes. She moved from special education into regular classes. Could she plan and organize or only guess?

She could plan and organize. What changed too?

She began to see herself as a student who could plan and organize.

>> Later she took advanced classes. When she finished school, she graduated with honors, [applause]

special education, then advanced classes and honors. It was such a long journey.

Great. Was it such a long journey?

Yes, it was such a long journey. Did she graduate with honors or without?

She graduated with honors. What classes did she take later?

Later she took advanced classes. >> Small daily winds did more than finish homework. They built a new picture of who she was.

A tiny habit does not need you to concentrate hard. It needs a clear moment and one small step.

Does a tiny habit need you to concentrate hard?

No. A tiny habit does not need you to concentrate hard. Did small daily winds build a new picture or a new house?

They built a new picture of who she was. What does a tiny habit need?

It needs a clear moment and one small step. [snorts]

You can read this family story in Fog's book, Tiny Habits.

Now, picture your desk tomorrow. You organize your timetable, open your English book, and look at the clock,

speaking skills. Can you read this family's story in Tiny Habits?

Yes, you can read this family story in Fog's book, Tiny Habits. Do you organize your timetable or your clothes?

You organize your timetable. What do you do at your desk tomorrow?

You organize your timetable, open your English book, and look at the clock.

>> Before you start, you estimate how many minutes one small task will take. Maybe 10 new words.

Then you concentrate on it and you check the clock when you finish.

Do you estimate the minutes before you start?

Yes. Before you start, you estimate how many minutes one small task will take. Do you concentrate on one task or on many?

You concentrate on that one small task. When do you check the clock?

You check the clock when you finish. And let's continue. [laughter] >> Close [gasps] or not, you give yourself a small smile.

Tick tick one small guess a day on your timetable. That is how a new kind of student begins.

Let's jump into it. >> Do you give yourself a small smile?

Yes. Close or not, you give yourself a small smile. Is it one small guess a day or 10?

It is one small guess a day on your timetable. [clears throat] How does a new kind of student begin?

Tick. Tick. One small guess a day. That is how a new kind of student begins.

the grammar we practiced today. So such for her homework was such a big thing. Many tasks felt so big to her. An hour could go by so quickly and the homework was still not finished. A tiny habit is so small that it feels easy even on a bad day.

Congratulations. You practiced 386 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.

That's That's super great mindset.

growth mindset.

It's It's such a great book.

I love a challenge. I love a challenge from the book Mindset by Carol S. Dwick. Researcher confused. Pleased informative. Solve. Rub chair. Frustrated. Curious. disappointed. A quiet room, a young researcher put a puzzle on the table in front of a child.

The children were about 10 years old. The first puzzles were easy and they solved them quickly.

Awesome.

Okay, let's go. >> Did a young researcher put a puzzle on the table?

Yes. A young researcher put a puzzle on the table. Were the first puzzles easy or hard? The first puzzles were easy. How did the children solve the first puzzles? They solved them quickly.

>> Then the puzzles got harder, then harder again until they were too hard for a child to solve.

The researcher was Carol Dwick. She was curious about one thing, how children deal with failure.

Were the puzzles too hard for a child to solve?

Yes, in the end they were too hard for a child to solve. Was Carol Dwick curious about failure or about success?

She was curious about how children deal with failure. Who was the researcher?

The researcher was Carol Dwek. She expected some children to feel frustrated and disappointed. She expected others to get angry or to give up.

Most of us would expect the same hard puzzles, young children, frustrated faces. is

>> Did she expect some children to feel frustrated?

Yes, she expected some children to feel frustrated and disappointed. Would most of us expect happy faces or frustrated faces?

Most of us would expect frustrated faces. What did she expect other children to do?

She expected others to get angry or to give up. >> All right, back to the story. Failure hurts. Many of us learn that very early.

Then one boy did something strange. He pulled his chair closer and rubbed his hands together.

Does failure hurt? Yes, failure hurts. Did the boy push his chair away or pull it closer? He pulled his chair closer. What did the boy rub together? He rubbed his hands together.

>> He said, "I love a challenge." He was failing and he looked excited. Another

child was working hard on a puzzle. The child looked up with a pleased face.

Did the boy look excited?

Yes, he was failing and he looked excited. Did the other child look up with a pleased face or an angry face?

The child looked up with a pleased face. What did the boy say?

He said, "I love a challenge.

The child said, "You know, I was hoping this would be informative."

Informative means it teaches you something. This child was pleased to learn not only to win.

Was

the child pleased to learn?

Yes, this child was pleased to learn, not only to win. Does informative mean it teaches you something or it tests you?

Informative means it teaches you something. What was the child hoping?

The child was hoping this would be informative.

>> The researcher was confused. She wondered what was wrong with these children.

Then she understood these children did not think they were failing at all. They thought they were learning.

Was the researcher confused?

Yes. The researcher was confused. Did the children think they were failing or learning?

They thought they were learning. What did she wonder?

She wondered what was wrong with these children. >> That's amazing. >> They believed their brains could grow. For them, a hard puzzle was not a judge. It was interesting training.

Look at the room again. The same table, the same chairs, the same hard puzzles.

Was the hard puzzle interesting training?

Yes, it was interesting training. Are the chairs the same or new? The chairs are the same. What did they believe?

They believed their brains could grow. >> For one child, the puzzle says you are not smart. For another, it says you are getting stronger.

the young researcher decided she had to understand this. It shaped her work for many years.

Did the young researcher decide to understand this?

Yes. She decided she had to understand this. Does the puzzle tell one child he is getting weaker or stronger?

For another child, it says you are getting stronger. How long did it shape her work?

It shaped her work for many years. >> Years later, that room became the first story in her book Mindset.

A hard problem can feel like a gift if you believe your brain can grow.

Think about the English sentence you could not understand today.

>> Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Did that room become the first story in her book?

Yes. Years later, that room became the first story in her book, Mindset. Can a hard problem feel like a gift? or only a punishment.

A hard problem can feel like a gift. What should you think about?

Think about the English sentence you could not understand today.

>> Maybe you felt confused and disappointed. Maybe it felt like a test and you failed it.

Now hear it the way those two children did. This is informative. This is where my brain grows.

Did you feel confused and disappointed?

Yes, maybe you felt confused and disappointed. Is the hard sentence informative or useless?

The hard sentence is informative. How should you hear it now?

Hear it the way those two children did. All right. Be curious. Pull your chair closer and rub your hands like that boy did.

The next hard sentence is not a wall. It is a puzzle on the table waiting for you.

Let's jump into it. Should you be curious?

Yes. Be curious like that boy. Should you push your chair away or pull it closer?

Pull your chair closer and rub your hands. What is the next hard sentence?

It is a puzzle on the table waiting for you.

The grammar we practiced today, ed iing adjectives. She expected some children to feel frustrated and disappointed. Hard puzzles, young children, frustrated faces. He said, "I love a challenge." He was failing and he looked excited. The child looked up with a pleased face.

Congratulations. You practiced 383 words in this story and you learned a lot. Fabulous.

That was it. I I really really appreciate you practicing your English and learning something new. Crushing it.

person brand

YouTuber.

for

eight stores. Eight stores from the book Crushing It by Gary Vaynerchuk. Advertising staff chase hire growth nutrition shirt umbrella rainy loyal. Eight stores, 10 years of hard work, and still very little money. [clears throat]

This was Andy Fcella's business in Missouri in America. His stores sold sports nutrition products.

Did his stores sell sports nutrition products?

Yes, his stores sold sports nutrition products. Did he have eight stores or 80 stores?

He had eight stores. Where was Andy Fcella's business?

It was in Missouri in America. [clears throat] He and his partner opened their first store with big dreams. They wanted to grow fast.

He always loved selling. As a boy, he sold light bulbs from door to door.

Did they want to grow slowly?

No, they wanted to grow fast. Did he love selling or love reading? He loved selling. What did he sell as a boy?

As a boy, he sold light bulbs from door to door. >> Now, 10 years later, the stores were not failing. There was no real growth either.

He took home only a small income, much less than his hard work deserved. Awesome.

>> Were the stores failing?

No, the stores were not failing. Was there real growth or no real growth?

There was no real growth. How much did he take home?

He took home only a small income.

>> He did not want to quit and look for a normal job. So he had to find a problem.

Think for a moment. Why were the stores stuck? What would you change first? Awesome.

Did he want to quit and look for a normal job?

No, he did not want to quit. Did he have to find the problem or hide the problem? He had to find the problem. Why did he have to find the problem?

because he did not want to quit and look for a normal job. >> Maybe you said more advertising, maybe lower prices or a better place for the stores. Those

are normal answers. He found a different answer and it was inside his own head.

Is more advertising a normal answer?

Yes, more advertising is a normal answer. Was his answer inside the stores or inside his own head?

It was inside his own head. What are two normal answers?

More advertising and lower prices are normal answers. >> All right, back to the story. >> For years, he was chasing one thing only, money.

Later he explained it. When you only think about money, you forget to serve your customer better.

Was he chasing money for years?

Yes. He was chasing money for years. Was he chasing one thing or many things?

He was chasing one thing only, money. What do you forget when you only think about money?

You forget to serve your customer better.

Let's keep it up. So he looked at the part of the work that he really loved.

Customers came back a few months later and they were different people. Some were much healthier and stronger.

Did he look at the part of the work that he really loved?

Yes, he looked at the part of the work that he really loved. Did customers come back weaker or stronger?

Some customers came back much healthier and stronger. When did customers come back? Customers came back a few months later.

That was his real passion, helping people change their lives. The money came second.

So they decided to move a big part of their advertising money into the stores.

I have thought. >> Did the money come first?

No. The money came second. Did they decide to move money into the stores or into advertising?

They decided to move advertising money into the stores. What was his real passion? His real passion was helping people change their lives. >> That's amazing. >> They hired extra staff to give customers careful advice about nutrition and health.

They gave away free t-shirts. They even kept umbrellas by the door for rainy days.

speaking. Did they hire extra staff?

Yes. They hired extra staff to give careful advice. Did the staff give advice about nutrition or about money?

The staff gave advice about nutrition and health. What did they keep by the door for rainy days?

They kept umbrellas by the door for rainy days. [clears throat] A free shirt, an umbrella on a rainy day. Small things like these make people loyal.

Customers felt the difference on every visit. They came back again and again and they brought their friends.

Did customers feel the difference on every visit?

Yes, customers felt the difference on every visit. Did customers come alone or bring their friends?

They came back again and again and they brought their friends. What small things make people loyal?

A free shirt and an umbrella on a rainy day. The business doubled. Then it doubled again. It doubled every year for five years.

The growth came from loyal customers and the staff they hired, not from advertising. singing

skills. Did the business double again?

Yes. Then it doubled again. Did the growth come from loyal customers or from advertising?

The growth came from loyal customers, not from advertising. What happened to the business every year?

The business doubled every year for five years. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> This case sits among the real stories in Gary Veaynerchuk's Crushing It.

Growth came when he stopped chasing money and smarted serving people.

Did growth come when he stopped chasing money?

Yes. Growth came when he stopped chasing money. Did he start serving people? or start chasing people. He started serving people. Which book has this case?

This case sits among the real stories in Gary Veaynerchuk's Crushing It. >> All right. Your English is the same. Don't ask how much money it will bring you.

Ask what problem it can solve for a customer, a colleague or your family.

Keep asking that question. The money usually follows the help.

Let's jump into it. >> Should you ask how much money English will bring you?

No. Don't ask how much money it will bring you. Should you stop asking that question or keep asking it? Keep asking that question. What usually follows the help? The money usually follows the help.

The grammar we practice today, verb plus ing or to plus verb. They wanted to grow fast. He always loved selling. He did not want to quit and look for a normal job. When you only think about money, you forget to serve your customer better.

Congratulations. You practiced 389 words in this story and you learned a lot.

That's amazing. That's that's such a beautiful opportunity.

Starbucks. Okay.

10,000 volunteers. >> 10,000 volunteers from the book onward by Howard Schultz. Rebuild hurricane flood spirit garden volunteer plant paint welcome community. In 2008, Howard Schultz had a serious problem. The company he had built was losing its way.

He had just come back to lead Starbucks. Sales were falling [sighs and gasps] and many stores were closing.

Did Howard Schultz come back to lead Starbucks?

Yes, he had just come back to lead Starbucks. Were sales growing or falling? Sales were falling. What problem did the company have in 2008?

The company he had built was losing its way. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> Then the whole economy began to crash. People were losing their jobs and their homes.

His store managers were tired and worried. Their spirit was low and many no longer believed in the company.

Speaking skills, villain of death. >> Was the manager's spirit high?

No, their spirit was low. Were the managers tired or excited?

His store managers were tired and worried. What were people losing?

People were losing their jobs and their homes. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. So what would you do in his place with a tired team and little money?

Most leaders would cut costs, cancel big meetings, and keep people at their desks.

How would most leaders cancel big meetings? things.

Yes, most leaders would cancel big meetings. Would most leaders keep people at their desks or send them away?

Most leaders would keep people at their desks. What would most leaders cut?

Most leaders would cut costs.

Others would bring in experts to check every number.

Schultz chose something strange. He decided to spend money and time on one huge meeting. Awesome.

>> Did others bring in experts to check every number?

Yes. Others would bring in experts to check every number. Did Schulz choose something normal or something strange?

Schultz chose [gasps] something strange. What did he decide to spend money and time on?

He decided to spend money and time on one huge meeting. Well done. >> In October, he brought about 10,000 store managers to one city, New Orleans.

3 years before a terrible hurricane flooded the city. Parts of it were still broken.

Did a hurricane flood the city?

Yes. A terrible hurricane flooded the city. Did he bring the managers to one city or to many cities?

He brought them to one city, New Orleans. How many store managers did he bring?

He brought about 10,000 store managers.

Many people thought he was wrong. The trip was very expensive at the worst possible time.

He did not bring them only to listen to speeches. He brought them as volunteers to help rebuild the city.

Jes, let's jump into it. >> Did he bring them only to listen to speeches?

No, he brought them as volunteers to help rebuild the city. Was the trip cheap or very expensive? The trip was very expensive. Why did he bring them to the city?

He brought them to help rebuild the city. >> All right, back to the story. >> They went to neighborhoods still hurt by the hurricane. They painted houses, planted gardens, and cleaned parks.

They painted to bring back color. They planted gardens to bring back life.

Did they plant gardens?

Yes, they planted gardens to bring back life. Did they paint houses or build houses? They painted houses. Why did they paint?

They painted to bring back color. >> I'm super proud of you. >> In his book Onward, Schultz writes that the volunteers gave over 50,000 hours

side by side. Managers from different cities worked like one team. Awesome.

Did the volunteers give over 50,000 hours?

Yes. The volunteers gave over 50,000 hours. Did the managers work like one team or like strangers? They worked like one team. Where does Schultz write about this?

Schultz writes about it in his book Onward. >> Something changed in them. They came to help a flooded community and the community helped them back.

They remembered why they joined the company in the first place. to serve people.

>> Did the community help them back?

Yes, the community helped them back. Did they come to help a community or to rest?

They came to help a flooded community. Why did they join the company in the first place?

They joined the company to serve people. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. Schultz believed they went home with new energy and carried it into their stores.

Later he said New Orleans was a key reason the company came back.

Did they go home with new energy?

Yes. Schultz believed they went home with new energy. Did they carry the energy into their stores or leave it? They carried it into their stores. What was a key reason the company came back? [clears throat]

New Orleans was a key reason the company came back. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. Serving others can rebuild a team's spirit, and it can rebuild yours, too.

When you are tired of studying English, more study alone may not be the answer. Awesome.

Let's go. >> Can serving others rebuild a team's spirit?

Yes, serving others can rebuild a team's spirit. Can it rebuild only the team or yours too? It can rebuild yours too. When may more study alone not be the answer?

It may not be the answer. When you are tired of studying English,

>> try a small experiment instead. Bring your study group together to build one shared project.

Make something useful in English like a onepage welcome guide for new students.

Should you bring your study group together?

Yes. Bring your study group together to build one shared project. Is the welcome guide for new students or for teachers?

It is a welcome guide for new students. What useful thing can you make in English?

You can make a onepage welcome guide and let's continue. >> Each person writes one part of the welcome guide. Then you read it together to make it better.

Then notice how [gasps] the energy in your group changes. That change is your result.

final round. >> Does each person write one part of the welcome guide?

Yes. Each person writes one part of the welcome guide. Do you read it alone or together?

You read it together to make it better. What should you notice?

Notice how the energy in your group changes.

The grammar we practice today to plus verb for purpose. He'll just come back to lead Starbucks. Others would bring in experts to check every number. He brought them as volunteers to help rebuild the city. They planted gardens to bring back life.

Congratulations. You practiced 387 words in this story and you learned a lot. Super proud of you.

This is great. Let's keep it up.

I am Omni Arm Sudanese. I was born and raised in Saudi Arabia. >> I where I currently live. Uh I completed my uh medical studies in Sudan and um I recently graduated. Alhamdulillah.

for

You are.

Oh. foreign.

Mhm.

English.

Foreman

laptop. Hello. Hello.

Hello.

Who is forchech.

AID

monitor. for

Shakespeare. AI monitor. Awesome.

It's something amazing. It's something totally crazy.

How to win friends and influence people.

>> [clears throat]

>> It really helps.

60% 60% from the book How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Cariegi. Amount. Attack. Pretend. Splendid. Careless. Congratulate. Criticize. Upstairs. Encourage. Appreciate. A man lost a huge amount of money for his company. What his boss said next is the interesting part.

The story comes from Dale Carnegi's book, How to Win Friends and Influence People.

Awesome. Okay, let's go. >> Did the man lose a huge amount of money?

Yes. A man lost a huge amount of money for his company. Is the interesting part the loss or what his boss said.

What his boss said next is the interesting part. Which book does the story come from?

It comes from how to win friends and influence people.

>> The boss was John D. Rockerfeller. In his time he was one of the richest men in the world.

He built a giant oil company and was known as a serious businessman.

speaking. >> Was Rockefeller one of the richest men in the world?

Yes. He was one of the richest men in the world. Did he build a giant oil company or a small shop?

He built a giant oil company. What was Rockefeller known as?

He was known as a serious businessman.

>> One of his partners was a man named Edward Bedford.

He made a big deal for the company in South America. It was a deal that went very badly.

Was Edward Bedford one of his partners?

Yes. One of his partners was a man named Edward Bedford. Was it a deal that went well or a deal that went badly?

It was a deal that went very badly. Where did he make the big deal?

He made the big deal in South America. >> That's amazing. When it was over, the company lost about a million dollar.

In those days, that was a very large amount of money. It was a serious mistake.

Was a million dollar a small amount in those days?

No, it was a very large amount of money. Was it a small mistake or a serious mistake? It was a serious mistake. How much did the company lose?

The company lost about a million dollar. That's great. >> Now imagine you are Bedford. You have to tell Rockefeller what happened.

In this imagined moment, you walk slowly upstairs to his office. You are thinking about the hard words coming.

Let's jump into it. >> Do you walk slowly upstairs to his office?

Yes. You walk slowly upstairs to his office. Are you thinking about kind words or hard words?

You are thinking about the hard words coming. What do you have to tell Rockefeller?

You have to tell Rockefeller what happened.

What would a normal boss do? Maybe he would shout. Maybe he would say that you are careless.

The boss had every reason to criticize the partner who lost the money.

Would a normal boss say that you are careless?

Yes, maybe he would say that you are careless. Would a normal boss shout or sing? Maybe he would shout. Who did the boss have every reason to criticize?

He had every reason to criticize the partner who lost the money. But he knew that his partner did his best. So he closed the matter and did not attack him.

Instead, he looked for something to appreciate inside the bad news. And he found it. [gasps]

Did the boss attack his partner?

>> No, he closed the matter and did not attack him. Did he look for something to appreciate or something to criticize?

He looked for something to appreciate. What did the boss know about his partner?

He knew that his partner did his best. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> His partner did not lose all of the money. He saved 60% of it.

So the boss congratulated him. He called the result splendid.

speaking. Did the partner lose all of the money?

>> No, he saved 60% of it. Did the boss criticize him or congratulate him? The boss congratulated him. What did he call the result?

He called the result splendid.

Splendid after a loss of a million dollar. What a strange word.

He even added that he and the leaders upstairs did not always do so well.

It >> was splendid a strange word after the loss.

Yes, splendid was a strange word after a loss of a million dollars. Did the leaders upstairs always do well or not always?

He and the leaders upstairs did not always do so well. How big was the loss? It was a loss of a million dollars. >> He did not pretend that the loss was good. He simply started with the part that went right.

A person who feels attacked often hides the next mistake. A person who feels encouraged usually tries harder.

Did he pretend that the loss was good?

No, he did not pretend that the loss was good. Does a person who feels encouraged try harder or hide mistakes?

A person who feels encouraged usually tries harder. What does a person who feels attacked often do?

A person who feels attacked often hides the next mistake.

It works at work, at home, and with your English, too.

When a friend makes an English mistake, we often call it careless. We correct it at once. Awesome.

Let's go. >> Does it work with your English, too?

Yes. It works with your English, too. Do we correct a friend's mistake later or at once? We correct it at once. What do we often call a friend's English mistake?

We often call it careless. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. When you make one yourself, you often feel that you failed

both times. Do not pretend the mistake is fine. First, congratulate the part that went right.

Should you pretend the mistake is fine?

No, do not pretend the mistake is fine. Should you first congratulate the part that went right or the mistake?

First, congratulate the part that went right. How do you often feel when you make a mistake? You often feel that you failed. All right. Appreciate that part. and you encourage the person who made the mistake.

So here is your rule. Before you criticize anyone, even yourself, find their 60%

Let's jump into it. Should you appreciate the part that went right?

Yes. Appreciate that part. Do you encourage or attack the person who made the mistake?

You encourage the person who made the mistake. What should you find before you criticize anyone?

Find their 60%

The grammar we practice today, relative clauses, who, which, that, it was a deal that went very badly. The boss had every reason to criticize the partner who lost the money. He simply started with the part that went right. A person who feels attacked often hides the next mistake.

Congratulations. You practiced 388 words in this story and you learned a lot.

TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a lot of things.

And [clears throat] that's that this is the right way. That's amazing. The crit

that's not that's that's not reason, right? Great.

Great.

One sentence. >> One sentence from the book Grit by Angela Duckworth. Philosophy successful binder direction worst coaching top level goal motto vision priority do things better than they have ever been done before. Read that sentence slowly.

An American football coach wrote it. It was written at the worst time of his working life.

was the sentence written at the worst time of his working life.

Yes, it was written at the worst time of his working life. Did a football coach or a writer write it? An American football coach wrote it. How should you read that sentence?

You should read that sentence slowly. >> His name is Pete Carol. In early 2000, he was fired as head coach of the New England Patriots.

It was not the first time. 5 years before he was fired by another team, too.

Was he fired in early 2000?

Yes. In early 2000, he was fired as head coach. Was it the first time or not the first time? It was not the first time. When was he fired by another team?

Five years before he was fired by another team. >> Think about that moment. He was fired twice. Where could he go now?

He had free time. He did not spend it only being angry.

Was he fired twice?

Yes, he was fired twice. Did he spend his free time only being angry or not?

He did not spend it only being angry. What did he have now?

Now he had free time. >> He read a book by John Wooden, a very successful basketball coach.

Wooden did not win at once. It took him many years to build a clear way of coaching.

Was John Wooden a very successful coach?

Yes, he was a very successful basketball coach. Did Wooden win at once or after many years?

It took him many years to build a clear way of coaching. Whose book did Carol read?

He read a book by John Wooden. [clears throat] >> Carol saw something about himself. He had energy and ideas about coaching. He did not have one clear philosophy.

So he took a binder and began to write. What was his vision? What kind of team did he want?

Did Carol have one clear philosophy?

No, he did not have one clear philosophy. Did he take a binder or a camera? He took a binder and began to write. What did he have about coaching?

He had energy and ideas about coaching. Well done. >> The binder was filled page after page. Then he made it shorter and then shorter again.

At last one sentence stayed at the top. his first priority. It was the sentence you read at the start.

Was the binder filled page after page?

Yes. The binder was filled page after page. Did he make it longer or shorter?

He made it shorter and then shorter again. What stayed at the top as his first priority? One sentence stayed at the top. That's amazing. Angela Duckworth tells this story in her book Grit. She calls this kind of sentence a tople goal.

He carried that sentence into his next job at a university in Los Angeles. His teams were very successful.

speaking. Does Angela Duckworth call it a top level goal?

Yes, she calls this kind of sentence a toplevel goal. Was his next job at a university or at a school?

His next job was at a university in Los Angeles. How were his teams there? His teams were very successful. >> All right, back to the story. >> In 2010, he was hired as the coach of the Seattle Seahawks. [applause]

In 2014, his team won the Super Bowl, the biggest game [cheering] in American football.

>> Was he hired by the Seattle Seahawks in 2010?

Yes. In 2010, he was hired as the coach of the Seattle Seahawks. Did his team win or lose the Super Bowl?

In 2014, his team won the Super Bowl. What is the Super Bowl?

It is the biggest game in American football.

The binder did not win that game. It gave him a direction when he had lost his

being fired did not tell him who he was. It gave him the time to write his philosophy down

speaking skills. Did the binder win that game?

No, the binder did not win that game. Did the binder give him a direction or a job? It gave him a direction. What did being fired give him the time to do?

It gave him the time to write his philosophy down.

You may not be a coach. You still need a toplevel goal to give your English a direction.

Take one page tonight. Write your vision why you want English in any words.

Awesome. Let's go. >> Do you need a top level goal for your English?

Yes, you still need a top level goal. Should you write your vision tonight or next year?

Take one page tonight and write your vision. What does a top level goal give your English? [snorts] It gives your English a direction. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> Then make it shorter. Cut it again and again until one clear sentence is left.

That sentence is your motto and your first priority. Put it where you will see it every morning.

Let's jump into it. Should you make it shorter?

Yes. Then make it shorter. Is that sentence your motto or your problem?

That sentence is your motto and your first priority. Where should you put it?

Put it where you will see it every morning.

On your worst day, read your motto slowly and remember one fired coach.

do things better than they have ever been done before.

Let's jump into it. Should you read your motto on your worst day?

Yes. On your worst day, read your motto slowly. Should you read it slowly or quickly? Read your motto slowly. Who should you remember?

Remember one fired coach.

The grammar we practice today was born was made. It was written at the worst time of his working life. In early 2000, he was fired as head coach of the New England Patriots. 5 years before he was fired by another team, too. He was fired twice.

Congratulations. You practiced 386 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's another story in your pocket. And you know, stories stick.

Awesome. How to stop worrying and start living.

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The blizzard. The Blizzard >> from the book How to Stop Worrying and Start Living by Dale Cariegi. Agent, noble, regret, admire, novelist, Blizzard. Sadly, disappointment. Publisher reality. A noble experiment. Those are Dale Cariegi's own words. He used them later for two lost years of his life.

The story is his own from his book, How to Stop Worrying and Start Living.

Ah, a noble experiment. Cariggi's own words.

Yes. Those are Dale Cariegi's own words. Did he use them for two lost years or two good years?

He used them for two lost years of his life. Which book is the story from?

It is from how to stop worrying and start living.

In his early 30s, he made a big decision. He would spend his life writing novels.

He wanted to be a great writer like the famous novelists he admired. Awesome.

Did he admire famous novelists?

Yes. He wanted to be like the famous novelists he admired. Did he want to be a great writer or a great teacher?

He wanted to be a great writer. What did he decide to spend his life doing?

He would spend his life writing novels. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> So, he moved to Europe where life was cheaper and started to write.

He wrote for two years. Month after month, the book was growing. He called it the blizzard.

Awesome. >> Did he move to Europe?

Yes. He moved to Europe where life was cheaper. Did he write for two months or 2 years? He wrote for two years. What did he call the book? He called it the blizzard.

>> A blizzard is a terrible snowstorm. Sadly, the book's future was just as dark.

He gave the book to his agent. An agent's job is to find a publisher.

Is a blizzard a terrible snowstorm?

Yes, a blizzard is a terrible snowstorm. Is an agent's job to find a publisher or to write the book?

An agent's job is to find a publisher. Who did he give the book to? He gave the book to his agent.

>> Then he found out the worst news. The book was no good, the agent said.

He also said that he had no talent for writing stories.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Did he find out good news?

No. He found out the worst news. Did the agent say the book was good or no good? The agent said the book was no good. What did the agent say he had no talent for?

He had no talent for writing stories.

Think about that moment. Two years of hard work and one short meeting ended it all.

Sadly, he left the office in shock and deep disappointment. For weeks, he could not think clearly.

Did he leave the office in deep disappointment?

Yes. Sadly, he left the office in shock and deep disappointment. Was it one short meeting or a long meeting?

One short meeting ended it all. For how long could he not think clearly?

For weeks he could not think clearly. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> Should he still try to be a novelist? Which way should he go now?

Many people would keep going because they gave so much already.

How's your job? >> Would many people keep going?

Yes. Many people would keep going. Was his question about being a novelist or a teacher? His

question was, should he still try to be a novelist? Why would many people keep going?

because they gave so much already.

Others would give up on everything and stop trying.

He did neither. He looked at the reality honestly. An experiment that did not work.

Did others give up on everything?

Yes, others would give up on everything. Did he give up or did he look at the reality honestly? He looked at the reality honestly. What did he see when he looked at the reality?

He saw an experiment that did not work.

He did not let the failed novel eat up any more of his life. He put a limit on it.

Then he went back to the work he did well teaching classes for adults.

Let's jump into it. Did he let the failed novel eat up more of his life?

No, he put a limit on it. Did he go back to teaching or to writing novels?

He went back to teaching classes for adults. Who did he teach?

He taught classes for adults.

In his free time, he wrote true books about real people. This time, a publisher printed them.

One of those books was about a great president he admired. Another was the book that tells this story.

Did a publisher print his true books?

Yes. This time a publisher printed them. Were his new books about real people or madeup people?

They were true books about real people. Who was one of those books about?

It was about a great president he admired.

>> Years later, he wrote that he never regretted his decision, not for a single day.

Trying something new is good, but know when to stop paying for a plan that does not work.

Did he ever regret his decision?

No, he never regretted his decision. Not for a single day. Is trying something new good or bad? Trying something new is good. When should you stop paying for a plan?

Stop when the plan does not work. >> I'm super proud of you. Then face reality. Go back to your strength and build from there.

Maybe one of your plans failed, too. A course you never finished and still regret.

is speaking. >> Should you go back to your strength?

Yes. Go back to your strength and build from there. Should you face reality or heist from it? Face reality. What might you still regret?

Maybe you still regret a course you never finished. >> All right. >> Do not throw away all your English because of one disappointment.

Call it what he called his novel, a noble experiment. Keep what you learned and go forward.

Let's jump into it. Should you throw away all your English because of one disappointment?

No, do not throw away all your English. Should you call it a noble experiment or a bad mistake? Call it a noble experiment. What should you keep? Keep what you learned and go forward.

The grammar we practice today, phrasal verbs. Then he found out the worst news. others would give up on everything and stop trying. He did not let the failed novel eat up any more of his life. Then he went back to the work he did well, teaching classes for adults. Congratulations. You practiced 389

words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Finished. That's amazing.

Which is great.

That's amazing. How to lead?

Too late. >> Too late. from the book How to Lead by David M. Rubenstein. Myth, firm, investment, finance, leadership, 30s, grow up, go back, opportunity, entrepreneur. Many people believe a myth about success. Big companies start with young people in their early 20s.

They picture a young entrepreneur in a small room with a big dream.

Do many people believe a myth about success.

Yes, many people believe a myth about success. Do big companies start with young people or old people?

The myth says big companies start with young people in their early 20ies. What do people picture?

They picture a young entrepreneur in a small room with a big dream.

>> If you are not young, the myth says the door is closed.

I think the real story is more useful. Let me tell you about David Rubenstein.

Does the myth say the door is open?

No. The myth says the door is closed. Is the real story more useful or less useful?

The real story is more useful. Who is the real story about?

The real story is about David Rubenstein.

>> He grew up in Baltimore. His father worked for the post office.

Although he grew up with little money, he studied hard and became a lawyer.

Let's jump into it. Did he grow up with a lot of money?

No. Although he grew up with little money, he studied hard. Did he grow up in Baltimore or in Washington?

He grew up in Baltimore. What did he become? Although he grew up with little money.

Although he grew up with little money, he became a lawyer. >> Then he got a big job in the White House. He was an advisor to President Jimmy Carter.

Then Carter lost the election and suddenly he had to find new work.

Did he get a big job in the White House?

Yes, he got a big job in the White House. Was he an advisor or a driver to President Jimmy Carter?

He was an advisor to President Jimmy Carter. What happened when Carter lost the election?

Suddenly he had to find new work.

>> He went back to being a lawyer in Washington. However, he was not happy there.

He later said he was not a very good lawyer. He did not enjoy the work.

>> Let's jump into it. >> Was he happy when he went back to being a lawyer?

No, he went back to being a lawyer. However, he was not happy there. Did he go back to law in Washington or in Baltimore?

He went back to being a lawyer in Washington. What did he later say about himself?

He later said he was not a very good lawyer.

Years passed. He was now in his 30s with no training in finance or business.

The myth says this is the time to stay safe. Keep the job. Stop dreaming.

Did he have training in finance?

No, he had no training in finance or business. Was he in his 20ies or in his 30s?

He was now in his 30s. What does the myth say?

The myth says this is the time to stay safe.

However, he saw an opportunity. Investment firms were buying and growing companies and Washington had almost none.

In 1987, he started a new firm with a few partners called Carlile.

Did Washington have many investment firms?

No, Washington had almost none. Did he see a problem or an opportunity?

However, he saw an opportunity. What did he start in 1987?

In 1987, he started a new firm with a few partners called Carlile.

Although he was in his late 30s, he became an entrepreneur in a hard field.

He learned finance fast. He asked questions and traveled for long hours to find investors.

Was he young when he became an entrepreneur?

No. Although he was in his late 30s, he became an entrepreneur. Did he learn finance fast or slowly?

He learned finance fast. Why did he travel for long hours?

He traveled for long hours to find investors. Lee >> under the leadership of its founders, Carlilele grew. Today, it is one of the biggest investment firms in the world.

So what really happened? His biggest success began in his late30s.

Did Carlile grow under the leadership of its founders?

Yes. Under the leadership of its founders, Carlilele grew. Is Carlile a small firm? or one of the biggest investment firms

today. It is one of the biggest investment firms in the world. When did his biggest success begin? His

biggest success began in his late30s.

>> Although the myth is popular, the truth is kinder. It is not too late to start something new.

Later he wrote a book about leadership called How to Lead. His own late start is part of it.

Is the myth kinder than the truth?

No. Although the myth is popular, the truth is kinder. Did he write a book about leadership or about finance?

He wrote a book about leadership called How to Lead. What is part of his book?

His own late start is part of it.

You know this feeling. You feel behind or you are 40 and still dream of better English.

Maybe you think other people started earlier, so your opportunity is gone.

Awesome. Do you sometimes feel behind?

>> Yes. You know this feeling. You feel behind. Do you think your opportunity is here or gone?

Maybe you think your opportunity is gone. Why do you think your opportunity is gone?

You think other people started earlier so your opportunity is gone.

>> You cannot go back in time. However, you can still start today.

Your age is not a closed door. It is simply the day you begin.

Can you go back in time?

No, you cannot go back in time. However, you can still start today. Is your age a closed door or the day you begin?

Your age is not a closed door. It is simply the day you begin. What can you still do today?

However, you can shields start today. Congratulations. >> If you start today, you are not late. You are on time for your own story.

Say one English sentence aloud now about what you will start. Good. You have started.

>> Final round. Are you late? If you start today,

no. If you start today, you are not late. Should you say an English sentence aloud or write it?

Say one English sentence aloud now. What are you on time for?

You are on time for your own story.

The grammar we practice today. Although, however, although he grew up with little money, he studied hard and became a lawyer. However, he was not happy there. However, he saw an opportunity. Although he was in his late 30s, he became an entrepreneur in a hard field.

Congratulations. You practiced 390 words in this story and you learned a lot. Great job.

That's amazing.

And that's such an amazing thing. Now, let's take a quick break and listen to one of the real stories from one of my students. for English.

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The headmaster's answer. >> The headmaster's Answer from the book How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Carnei. Beg, ignore, sweep, headmaster. Housekeeper. Nowhere. Praise. Get up. Mentor. Inspire. This story has two heroes. The world remembers one of them and forgets the other.

The first hero was a boy of 14. He worked in a shop that sold cloth.

Does the world remember both heroes?

No. The world remembers one of them and forgets the other. Was the first hero a boy or a man?

The first hero was a boy of 14. Where did the boy work?

He worked in a shop that sold cloth.

The shop was in South Sea, a town by the sea in the south of England.

Every day he got up very early. He swept the floor before the shop opened.

Did he get up late?

No. Every day he got up very early. Was the shop in London or in South Sea?

The shop was in South Sea, a town by the sea. What did he do before the shop opened?

He swept the floor before the shop opened. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> Then he stood behind the counter and served customers for about 13 hours.

He hated the work. He had [sighs] little time to read, to learn, and to think.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did he have a lot of time to read?

No, he had little time to read, to learn, and to think. Did he love the work or hate it? He hated the work. How long did he serve customers?

He served customers for about 13 hours. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. His family had little money. They wanted him to learn a trade and earn a living.

Two years passed. One morning he could not take anymore.

speaking skills. Did his family have a lot of money?

No. His family had little money. Did his family want him to study or to learn a trade?

They wanted him to learn a trade and earn a living. What happened one morning after 2 years?

One morning he could not take anymore.

He did not wait for breakfast. He walked about 15 miles to beg his mother for help.

She was working as a housekeeper in a big house. He cried and begged her to let him leave.

Did he wait for breakfast?

No, he did not wait for breakfast. Was his mother a teacher or a housekeeper?

She was working as a housekeeper in a big house. What did he beg his mother to do?

He cried and begged her to let him leave. Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Then the housekeeper's son did something small. He wrote a long letter to his old headmaster.

In the letter he said he was very unhappy. He felt his life was going nowhere.

Did the housekeeper's son write a long letter?

Yes, he wrote a long letter to his old headmaster. Was he happy or very unhappy?

He said he was very unhappy. Where did he feel his life was going?

He felt his life was going nowhere.

Now think about the second hero, the headmaster. Many busy men ignore letters like this. He did not ignore it.

He wrote back and his answer was full of praise.

Did the headmaster ignore the letter?

No. Many busy men ignore letters like this. He did not ignore it. Was his answer full of anger or full of praise?

His answer was full of praise. Who is the second hero?

The second hero is the headmaster. >> Well done. >> He said the boy was very clever. He said he was made for better things than a shop.

and he offered him a job at the school as a young teacher.

Did the headmaster say the boy was clever?

Yes. He said the boy was very clever. Was the job at a shop or at the school?

He offered him a job at the school as a young teacher. What was the boy made for?

He was made for better things than a shop. [clears throat]

>> Inspired, the boy left the shop. He taught, studied, and won a place to study science in London.

later. He began to write. He wrote stories about a time machine and visitors from Mars.

Awesome. Did the boy stay in the shop?

No. Inspired. The boy left the shop. Did he study science in London or in South Sea?

He won a place to study science in London. What did he write stories about?

He wrote stories about a time machine and visitors from Mars.

swept that floor. He was HG Wells, one of the most famous writers in English.

His old headmaster and mentor was Horus Batt. Few people remember his name today.

speaking. Do many people remember the headmaster's name?

No. Few people remember his name today. Was his old mentor Horris Bry or the shop owner?

His old headmaster and mentor was Horus By. Who was the boy who swept that floor?

He was H G Wells, one of the most famous writers in English.

>> The secret is simple. A few kind words and a little praise changed the direction of a life.

So try a small experiment. When you get up, write a few English lines to a teacher [clears throat] who helped you.

Did a few kind words change a life?

Yes. A few kind words and a little praise change the direction of a life. Should you write a long book or a few English lines?

Write a few English lines to a teacher who helped you. When should you write to a teacher?

When you get up, write a few English lines to a teacher who helped you.

Then find someone who feels their learning is going nowhere. Tell them one true good thing about their work.

Your words may inspire someone. You may be the mentor in the shadow. for someone else.

Final round. Can your words inspire someone?

Yes, your words may inspire someone. Should you tell them a good thing or a bad thing?

Tell them one true good thing about their work. Who may you be for someone else?

You may be the mentor in the shadow for someone else.

The grammar we practice today, a few, a little. He had little time to read, to learn, and to think. His family had little money. Few people remember his name today. A few kind words and a little praise change the direction of a life.

Congratulations. You practiced 388 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.

That's that's super great. How to stop worrying and start living.

Twitter.

[laughter]

Saturday's night. Saturday night from the book How to Stop Worrying and Start Living by Dale Cariegi. Review Appointment Private Weekly. Unhappy look back. Write down reflect. improvement schedule. A man made mistakes at work and nobody was teaching him anymore.

His name was H P. Powell. He left school when he was still young.

Was anybody teaching him at work?

No, nobody was teaching him anymore. Did he leave school young or old?

He left school when he was still young. What was his name? His name was H P Howell.

>> His first job was in a small country store. Later he worked for a big steel company.

He climbed high in time. He became the head of a big bank in New York.

was his first job in a big bank.

No, his first job was in a small country store. Did he work for a steel company or a car company?

Later he worked for a big steel company. What did he become in New York?

He became the head of a big bank in New York.

Let's keep it up. Dale Cariegi wrote about him in How to Stop Worrying and Start Living.

Every week, Howal had a full schedule of meetings. He talked to many people and made many decisions.

speaking. Did Howell have a full schedule?

Yes. Every week How had a full schedule of meetings. Did he talk to a few people or many people?

He talked to many people and made many decisions. Who wrote about him? Dale Carnegie wrote about him. Some of those decisions were wrong. At work, there was no teacher and no grade.

What would you do in his place? Ask yourself before you hear his answer.

Were all his decisions right?

No, some of those decisions were wrong. At work, was there a teacher or no teacher

at work? There was no teacher and no grade. What should you ask yourself?

Ask yourself, what would you do in his place?

Many people forget their mistakes quickly. Tomorrow is a new day. They say

other people blame themselves all the time. They worry and they feel unhappy for weeks.

Do other people blame themselves?

Yes. Other people blame themselves all the time. Do they feel happy or unhappy for weeks?

They feel unhappy for weeks. What do many people say about their mistakes?

Tomorrow is a new day, they say. >> How did something stranger? Every Saturday night he had a private appointment with one person himself.

His family knew this. They never made plans for him on Saturday evening.

What >> did How have a private appointment every Saturday night?

Yes. Every Saturday night he had a private appointment with one person. Was the appointment with his family or with himself?

He had a private appointment with himself who never made plans for him on Saturday evening. His family never made plans for him. On Saturday evening, >> after dinner, he went off by himself and opened his appointment book.

He looked back at every meeting, at every talk since Monday morning, one by One.

>> Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did he go off with his family after dinner?

No. After dinner, [snorts] he went off by himself. Did he open his appointment book or a newspaper?

He opened his appointment book. What did he look back at?

He looked back at every meeting and every talk since Monday morning.

He asked himself what mistakes he made that week and what he did well. [clears throat]

Then he asked what improvement he could make and what lesson he could learn.

Did he ask himself about his mistakes?

Yes, he asked himself what mistakes he made that week. Did he ask only about mistakes or also what he did well?

He asked himself what mistakes he made and what he did well. What else did he ask?

He asked what improvement he could make and what lesson he could learn. [clears throat]

>> Sometimes this review made him very unhappy. He [sighs and snorts] was surprised at himself.

Year after year he kept this weekly appointment. Slowly his mistakes became fewer.

Awesome. Wait, let's go. >> Did this review sometimes make him unhappy?

Yes. Sometimes this review made him very unhappy. Was he surprised at other people or at himself?

He was surprised at himself what happened to his mistakes year after year.

Year after year he kept this weekly appointment. Slowly his mistakes became fewer.

>> He said this habit helped him more than anything else he ever tried.

He left school young. Still he never stopped learning. He taught himself one quiet evening each week.

Did he stop learning when he left school?

No, he never stopped learning. He taught himself. Did a teacher teach him or did he teach himself?

He taught himself one quiet evening each week. What did he say about this habit?

He said this habit helped him more than anything else he ever tried. >> All right, back to the story. >> A weekly review is a private school and you are its only student and teacher.

So, here is a small experiment. Put it in your schedule for the next 4 weeks.

Is a weekly review a private school?

Yes, a weekly review is a private school. Are you its only student or one of many?

You are its only student and teacher. Where should you put the experiment?

Put it in your schedule for the next four weeks. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up in >> this Saturday. Sit by yourself for 15 minutes. Reflect on your week in your English notebook.

Look back at each day. Which English words did you use? Which ones did you forget?

Should you sit with friends this Saturday?

No. This Saturday, sit by yourself for 15 minutes. Should you reflect on your week or on your year?

Reflect on your week in your English notebook. What should you look back at? Look back at each day. And let's continue. Where did you make a mistake? Write down one improvement for next week.

Then close the notebook. Next Saturday, open it, reflect again, and write [clears throat] down what changed.

Let's jump into it. >> Should you write down many things?

No. Write down one improvement for next week. Should you close the notebook or keep it open? Then close the notebook. What should you do next Saturday?

Next Saturday, open it, reflect again, and write down what changed.

The grammar we practice today, reflexive pronouns. Ask yourself before you hear his answer. Other people blame themselves all the time. Howal did something stranger. Every Saturday night, he had a private appointment with one person, himself. After dinner, he went off by himself and opened his appointment book.

Congratulations. You practiced 377 words in this story and you learned a lot. Fabulous.

That was it. I I really really appreciate you practicing your English and learning something new. Eth revisited

The coffee. >> The coffee from the book The E-Myth Revisited by Michael E. Gerber. Checklist. Brand depend pillow. Nearby waiter mint. Fireplace. Traveler. Memorable. How did a small hotel know which coffee a tired traveler liked?

many years ago, a traveler arrived late at a small hotel in Northern California.

Did the traveler arrive early?

No, a traveler arrived late at a small [clears throat] hotel. Was the hotel big or small?

It was a small hotel in Northern California. What did the small hotel know?

The hotel knew which coffee a tired traveler liked.

>> His name was Michael Gerber. He was tired and he expected nothing special.

in his room. Wood was ready in the fireplace with a long match nearby.

Did he expect something special?

No, he was tired and he expected nothing special. Was the wood in the fireplace or on the floor?

Wood was ready in the fireplace with a long match nearby. Where was the long match? A long match was nearby.

After dinner, he came back. Someone had lit the fire in the fireplace and his bed was ready.

There was a small mint on his pillow. Someone had thought of that, too.

Had someone lit the fire?

Yes, someone had lit the fire in the fireplace. Was the mint on his pillow or on his table?

There was a small mint on his pillow. Who had thought of the mint? Someone had thought of that, too. Lee. >> The next morning, a pot of coffee was ready in his room. It was his own brand.

How did they know? He did not remember asking anyone. Think for a moment.

Was

the coffee his own brand?

>> Yes, it was his own brand. Was the coffee ready in the morning or at night?

The next morning, a pot of coffee was ready in his room. What did he not remember?

He did not remember asking anyone. >> I'm super proud of you. >> The easy answer is luck. The workers were kind and he was lucky.

Then he remembered at dinner a waiter asked which brand of coffee he liked.

Great. Is luck the easy answer?

Yes. The easy answer is luck. Did a waiter or the manager ask about his coffee.

At dinner, a waiter asked which brand of coffee he liked. What did the waiter ask?

The waiter asked which brand of coffee he liked.

He answered the waiter and forgot. The hotel did not forget somebody had heard him.

He came back again and every visit was memorable. After his third visit, he asked to meet the manager.

Okay. Now, >> did the hotel forget?

No, the hotel did not forget. Somebody had heard him. Was every [clears throat] visit memorable or boring? Every visit was memorable. Who did he ask to meet after his third visit?

After his third visit, he asked to meet the manager. >> Well done. The manager was a young man 5 months before he was a cook in a restaurant nearby.

He showed Gerber a book of checklists. The owner wrote them all before the hotel opened.

Let's jump into it. >> Was the manager an old man?

No, the manager was a young man. Was he a cook in a restaurant nearby or far away?

He was a cook in a restaurant nearby. What did he show Gerber?

He showed Gerber a book of checklists. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. When to light the fire? Where to put the mint on the pillow? What to ask each guest at dinner.

Every worker followed the same checklist. So everyone got the same care every day.

Did everyone get the same care?

Yes, every worker followed the same checklist. So, everyone got the same care. Did workers follow different checklists or the same checklist?

Every worker followed the same checklist. Where did they put the mint?

They put the mint on the pillow. That's amazing. That was the missing clue. The kindness was real and the checklist made every stay memorable.

Later, Gerber wrote about that hotel in the E-Myth Revisited.

Was the kindness real?

Yes, the kindness was real. Did luck or the checklist make every stay memorable?

The checklist made every stay memorable. Where did Gerber write about that hotel?

Gerber wrote about that hotel in the ETH revisited. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> He saw that many small businesses depend on one tired owner who does everything alone.

When that owner has a bad day, every customer has a bad day, too.

Do many small businesses depend on one tired owner?

Yes, many small businesses depend on one tired owner who does everything alone. Does the owner do everything alone or with a team?

The owner does everything alone. What happens when that owner has a bad day?

Every customer has a bad day, too. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> A good system turns care into a habit. So, nothing depends on luck.

Real service is a system that cares for every person the same way.

Let's jump into it. >> Does anything depend on luck in a good system?

No. A good system turns care into a habit. So nothing depends on luck. Does real service care for some people or every person?

Real service cares for every person the same way. What does a good system turn care into?

A good system turns care into a habit. [snorts]

Now think about the people you will serve. Students, patients, clients, or your team.

Don't ask how can I be nice today. Ask what can I do well every time.

speaking skills. Will you serve people like students or patients?

Yes, you will serve students, patients, clients, or your team. Should you ask how to be nice or what to do? Well,

ask what can I do well every time? What should you not ask?

Don't ask how can I be nice today. That's amazing. Let's jump into Start small in English. Write a short checklist for one task you repeat every week.

Follow it every time. Slowly your care will become a system too.

Final round. Should you write a long checklist?

No. Write a short checklist for one task you repeat every week. Should you follow it once or every time? Follow it every time. What will your care become?

Slowly your care will become a system too.

The grammar we practice today. Something, nothing, everyone. He was tired and he expected nothing special. Someone had lit the fire in the fireplace and his bed was ready. Someone had thought of that, too. He did not remember asking anyone.

Congratulations. You practiced 383 words in this story and you learned a lot.

That's amazing. That's That's such a beautiful opportunity. Lincoln, the unknown. Dale Carnegie, Abraham Lincoln.

The wet book. >> The wet book from the book Lincoln the Unknown by Dale Cariegi. Borrow Farmer Ruin Belong. Hunger cabin wooden corn stack log. Look at this old book. Its pages are wet and heavy. The ink is running down the paper.

It is a book about George Washington, the first American president.

Is the old book dry?

No, its pages are wet and heavy. Is the book about George Washington or Abraham Lincoln?

It is a book about George Washington, the first [clears throat] American president. What is running down the paper? The ink is running down the paper. Let's jump. Let's keep it up. It does not belong to the boy holding it. His name is Abraham Lincoln.

He was poor. and his family lived in a small wooden cabin in Indiana.

Let's jump into it. Does the book belong to the boy?

No, it does not belong to the boy holding it. Did his family live in a big house or a wooden cabin? His

family lived in a small wooden cabin in Indiana. What is the boy's name?

His name is Abraham Lincoln. He had very little school. His family had only a few books and he read them again and again.

He wanted more, but he had no money. So he borrowed anything with words in it.

>> Did his family have many books?

No, his family had only a few books. Did he buy books or borrow them?

He had no money, so he borrowed anything with words in it. How did he read his few books?

He read them again and again.

A farmer near his home owned a few books. The boy often worked on this farmer's land.

So he borrowed some of them. One was this book about Washington.

Awesome. Did the farmer own a few books?

>> Yes. A farmer near his home owned a few books. Did the boy work on the farmer's land or in a shop?

The boy often worked on this farmer's land. Which book did he borrow?

One was this book about Washington. All right, back to the story. >> He loved it. Every night in the cabin, he read it until the light was gone.

At bedtime, he pushed it into a gap between the logs of the wooden wall.

Did he read until the light was gone?

Yes. [sighs] Every night in the cabin he read it until the light was gone. Did he put the book under his bed or between the logs?

He pushed it into a gap between the logs of the wooden wall. Where did he read every night?

Every night in the cabin he read it. I'm super proud of you. >> That way it was ready for him as soon as the morning light came in.

Then one night a storm came. Rain came in between the logs and the book was soaked.

Was the book ready as soon as the morning light came in?

Yes, it was ready for him as soon as the morning light came in. Did rain or snow come in between the logs?

Rain came in between the logs and the book was soaked. What came one night?

One night a storm came. The book was ruined and it did not even belong to him.

As soon as he saw the ruined book, he went to the farmer and explained

Was the book ruined?

Yes, the book was ruined and it did not even belong to him. Did he hide the book or go to the farmer?

As soon as he saw the ruined book, he went to the farmer. When did he go to the farmer?

As soon as he saw the ruined book, he went to the farmer and explained Guess >> the farmer did not want it back. The boy had no money, so he paid in the only way he could.

For three days he worked in the farmer's fields cutting and stacking corn plants.

Did the farmer want the book back?

No, the farmer did not want it back. Did he pay with money or with work?

He worked in the farmer's fields cutting and stacking corn plants. How long [snorts] did he work in the fields [clears throat]

for three days he worked in the farmer's fields? >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> He stacked corn until the book was paid for. Read that number again. 3 days for one wet book.

After those three days, did he stop borrowing books? No, he kept borrowing and he kept reading.

speaking. Did he stop borrowing books?

No, he kept borrowing and he kept reading. Did he stack wood or corn until the book was paid for?

He stacked corn until the book was paid for. How many days did he work for one wet book?

Three days for one wet book.

Years later, that poor boy became president, too. Like the man in the wet book.

He made a mistake and he paid for it honestly. His hunger for books did not get smaller.

speaking. Did his hunger for books get smaller?

No. His hunger for books did not get smaller. Did the poor boy become a farmer or a president?

Years later, that poor boy became president, too. How did he pay for his mistake?

He made a mistake and he paid for it honestly.

>> Maybe those three days even taught him how much one good book is worth.

Dale Cariegi records this small moment in his book Lincoln the Unknown.

Great. >> Did Dale Cariegi record this small moment?

Yes. Dale Carnegie records this small moment in Lincoln. The Unknown [clears throat] is the book Lincoln the Unknown or Lincoln the Farmer.

The book is Lincoln the Unknown. What did those three days maybe teach him?

Maybe they taught him how much one good book is worth. And let's continue. >> So pay honestly for your mistakes and keep your hunger for books.

today. You do not need to work in a field for a book.

So ask yourself, which English book will I read every night until the last page?

Final round. Do you need to work in a field for a book today?

No. Today you do not need to work in a field for a book. Should you keep your hunger for books or lose it? Keep your hunger for books. Until when should you read your English book?

Read it every night until the last page.

The grammar we practice today until as soon as every night in the cabin he read it until the light was gone. That way it was ready for him as soon as the morning light came in. As soon as he saw the ruined book, he went to the farmer and explained. He stacked corn until the book was paid

for.

Congratulations. You practiced 381 words in this story and you learned a lot. Super proud of you.

This is great. Let's keep it up.

I want you to kind of listen to the story, you know.

English is not difficult. English is not impossible. You just need to stay consistent.

What does vocabulary form. Okay.

[clears throat]

vocabulary.

Hazi for

Canot.

Come on, vocabulary.

AI, Shakespeare,

AI Shakespeare.

Can Shakespeare AI

Alhamdulillah.

Alhamdulillah. Awesome.

If it's something amazing, it's something totally crazy.

Outliers.

The room that never closed. >> The room that never closed from the book Outliers by Malcolm Gladwell. Genius. Keyboard. Clever. Rare. Center. Punch. Appear. Programmer. Mastery. Rewrite. Here is a story many people believe. Some people are born geniuses and they do not need practice.

It is easy to believe this about a clever programmer like Bill Joy.

Do many people believe some people are born geniuses?

Yes. Many people believe some people are born geniuses. Is Bill Joy a clever programmer or a clever teacher? He is a clever programmer. What do people think born geniuses do not need?

They think born geniuses do not need practice. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> He wrote software that millions of people used. Some of it became part of the internet. People

called him a genius. They thought his talent simply appeared one day.

Did millions of people use his software?

Yes, millions of people used his software. Did people call him a genius or a fool? People called him a genius. What did people think about his talent?

They thought his talent simply appeared one day.

Let's keep it up. The true story starts in 1971 at the University of Michigan.

Joy was a tall, thin teenager. He was planning to study maths or science. Was

Joy planning to study music?

No, he was planning to study maths or science. Was Joy a short teenager or a tall teenager?

Joy was a tall, thin teenager. Where does the true story start?

The true story starts at the University of Michigan. That year, the university opened a new computer center. He walked in almost by chance.

At that time most [sighs and gasps] students were using computers in a very slow way.

Great. The university open a new computer center.

Yes, the university opened a new computer center. Were most students using computers in a fast way or a slow way?

They were using computers in a very slow way. How did Joy walk into the center?

He walked in almost by chance.

They punched holes in paper cards, gave the cards to a worker, and waited.

Sometimes they were waiting a whole day for the result.

>> Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Did students punch holes in paper cards?

Yes, they punched holes in paper cards. Did they give the cards to a worker or to a teacher? They gave the cards to a worker. How long were they sometimes waiting for the result?

Sometimes they were waiting a whole day for the result. >> Awesome. The new center [sighs and gasps] was different. Students typed at a keyboard and saw the result quickly.

And the center never closed. It was open 24 hours a day. Back then that was rare.

Did students type at a keyboard in the new center?

Yes, students typed at a keyboard and saw the result quickly. Was the center open 12 hours or 24 hours a day?

It was open 24 hours a day. Why was the center special back then?

It never closed. And back then that was rare. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> So Joy stayed. He was writing and rewriting programs late into the night.

When other students were sleeping, he was sitting at the keyboard trying one more idea.

for was joy writing programs late into the night.

Yes, he was writing and rewriting programs late into the night. Was he sleeping or sitting at the keyboard?

He was sitting at the keyboard trying one more idea. What were other students doing at night

when other students were sleeping? He was sitting [clears throat] at the keyboard.

While others were punching cards and waiting, this young programmer was learning fast.

Later he went to study in California. There he helped rewrite an important computer system.

Were others punching cards and waiting?

Yes. Others were punching cards and waiting. Was this young programmer learning fast or slowly?

This young programmer was learning fast. What did he help rewrite in California?

He helped rewrite an important computer system.

Then he helped start a famous computer company. His work reached people all over the world.

Later joy and a writer tried to count his hours of practice. The answer was about 10,000.

Did he help start a famous computer company?

Yes, he helped start a famous computer company. Did his work reach people in one city or all over the world? His work reached people all over the world. How many hours of practice did they count?

The answer was about 10,000.

Read that number again. 10,000 hours. [snorts] That is like a full-time job for about 5 years.

So was he a born genius? He was clever. Yes. He also had a rare chance and he used it. Awesome.

Is 10,000 hours like a full-time job for 5 years?

Yes, it is like a full-time job for about 5 years. Was he only clever or did he also have a rare chance?

He was clever [gasps] and he also had a rare chance. What did he do with his rare chance?

He had a rare chance and he used it. That's great. >> Malcolm Gladwell tells this story in his book Outliers. His idea is simple.

Mastery is not a gift you are born with. It is built hour by hour with the chance you have.

>> Is mastery a gift you are born with?

No, mastery is not a gift you are born with. Is mastery built hour by hour or in one day. It is built hour by hour. Who tells this story in the book Outliers.

Malcolm Gladwell tells this story in his book Outliers. Congratulations You may not have a room that never closes. You have a phone and English is inside it all day.

Here is one daily rule. Every day, add one real hour of English practice to your count.

Write the number down and watch it grow. Mastery does not appear in one day. It starts with our one.

Final round. Does mastery appear in one day?

No. Mastery does not appear in one day. Do you have a room that never closes or a phone?

You have a phone and English is inside it all day. What should you add to your count every day?

Every day, add one real hour of English practice to your count.

the grammar we practiced today. Past continuous. He was planning to study maths or science. At that time, most students were using computers in a very slow way. Sometimes they were waiting a whole day for the result. He was writing and rewriting programs late into the night.

Congratulations. You practiced 388 words in this story and you learned a lot.

TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a lot of things.

That's that this is the right way. That's amazing. Make time.

It's It's very very a very nice book. The Empty Phone. The Empty Phone from the book Make Time [clears throat] by Jake Knap and John Zaratsky. Delete. Social media. Browser. Map. Remove. Home screen. Pickup. Distracted. Silent. presence. One small question from a little boy changed what one father carried in his pocket.

It was 2012. The father was Jake Knap and he worked at Google.

Did one small question change what a father carried?

Yes. One small question changed what one father carried in his pocket. Did the father work at Google or at a bank? He worked at Google. Who asked the small question?

A little boy asked the small question.

>> His job was building technology, so the phone was always in his hand.

One evening he was on the floor at home playing with his two young sons.

with speaking. >> Was the phone always in his hand?

>> Yes. His job was building technology, so the phone was always in his hand. Was he on the floor or on a chair? He was on the floor at home. Who was he playing with one evening?

He was playing with his two young sons. Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> The boys were happy. Their father was there with them. Or was he

while the boys were playing, he picked up his phone. Soon his eyes were on the screen.

Were the boys happy?

Yes, the boys were happy. While the boys were playing, did he pick up a book or his phone?

While the boys were playing, he picked up his phone. Where were his eyes soon? So soon his eyes were on the screen.

>> He was still looking at the screen when his older son asked a simple question.

He asked why his father was looking at his phone. He just wanted to know.

Was he still looking at the screen when his son [clears throat] asked a question?

Yes, he was still looking at the screen when his older son asked a simple question. Was the son angry or did he just want to know? He just wanted to know. What did the son ask?

He asked why his father was looking at his phone. >> The father was silent. He had no good answer. There was nothing important on the phone.

It was just a habit. His body was with his sons, but he was distracted.

Was the father silent?

Yes, the father was silent. He had no good answer. Was he really with his sons or was he distracted?

His body was with his sons, but he was distracted. What was on the phone?

There was nothing important on the phone. It was just a habit. >> I'm super proud of you. His sons did not need anything from the phone. They needed his presence.

Now imagine you are this father. You love your boys and your work lives inside that phone.

Did his sons need anything from the phone?

No, his sons did not need anything from the phone. Did they need his phone or his presence? They needed his presence. Imagine you are this father. Where does your work live?

Your work lives inside that phone. >> All right, back to the story. it. Most people would put the phone down for one night. Tomorrow it would come back.

He did something much bigger. He picked up the phone and started to delete apps.

Awesome. Would most people put the phone down for one night?

Yes. Most people would put the phone down for one night. Did he do something small or something much bigger? He did something much bigger. What did he start to do?

He picked up the phone and started to delete apps. >> He deleted his email. He deleted the web browser. He deleted every social media app.

The phone could still make calls, send texts, show maps, and take photos.

Did he delete the web browser?

>> Yes, he deleted the web browser. Did he keep social media or delete it?

He deleted every social media app. What could the phone still do?

The phone could still make calls, send texts, show maps, and take photos.

>> With no browser and no social media, nothing could pull him away from his sons.

He called it a distractionfree phone. He kept it that way for years.

Let's jump into it. >> Could anything pull him away from his sons now?

No. With no browser and no social media, nothing could pull him away from his sons. Did he keep the phone that way for days or for years?

He kept it that way for years. What did he call it?

He called it a distractionfree phone. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. The evenings changed. When he was sitting with his sons, the phone stayed silent in his pocket.

The apps did not only take minutes. They took his presence, the best moments of his day.

When he was sitting with his sons, did the phone stay silent?

Yes. When he was sitting with his sons, the phone stayed silent in his pocket. Did the apps take only minutes or his presence too?

They took his presence the best moments of his day. What changed? The evenings changed. >> That's amazing. >> Removing them was not about being perfect. It made the good choice, the easy choice.

Think about last night when you were studying English. Did you pick up your phone?

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Was removing the apps about being perfect?

No, removing them was not about being perfect. Did it make the good choice the easy choice or the hard choice?

It made the good choice the easy choice. What question does the story ask about last night?

When you were studying English, did you pick up your phone? Maybe you were reading a lesson when a message arrived. Suddenly you were distracted too.

You do not have to delete everything. Keep calls, texts, and maps on your home screen.

Do you have to delete everything?

No, you do not have to delete everything. Should you keep maps or delete them?

Keep calls, texts, and maps on your home screen. What were you doing when a message arrived?

Maybe you were reading a lesson when a message arrived. [clears throat]

Remove one app that pulls you away from your home screen, even for a while.

Tonight when you study, what will your eyes look at? the page or the phone.

Let's jump into it. Should you remove one app from your home screen?

Yes. Remove one app that pulls you away from your home screen. Should you remove it forever or even for a while?

Remove one app even for a while. What question should you ask yourself tonight?

What will your eyes look at? The page or the phone.

The grammar we practice today, past continuous versus past simple. While the boys were playing, he picked up his phone. He was still looking at the screen when his older son asked a simple question. When he was sitting with his sons, the phone stayed silent in his pocket. When you were studying English, did you

pick up your phone?

Congratulations. You practiced 389 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's another story in your pocket. And you know, stories stick. Awesome.

Interesting. Learning how to learn.

Fore.

Anyways, it's it's it's a very nice book. The Bay with the Cannon. The Boy with the Cannon from the book Learning How to Learn by Barbara Oakley, Terrence Senovski, and Alistister McConville. Cell. Jail. Target. Strict. Drawing. Cannon. Stubborn. Gate. Separate. Modern. Boom. A gate broke into pieces. A boy of 11 ran.

He fired his homemade cannon and the shot hit a neighbor's gate.

Did a gate break into pieces?

Yes. A gate broke into pieces. Did he fire a homemade cannon or throw a stone?

He fired his homemade cannon. What did the shot [clears throat] hit?

The shot hit a neighbor's gate.

It was a small town in Spain many years ago.

For this the boy spent time in jail.

Was it a big city?

No, it was a small town in Spain. Did the boy go to school or to jail for this?

For this the boy spent time in jail. When did this happen?

It was many years ago. >> That's amazing. Sir, >> this was not his first trouble. He used to fight with his teachers and he did badly at school.

He loved only one thing, drawing. He used to draw on everything he could find.

How did he used to fight with his teachers?

Yes. He used to fight with his teachers. Did he used to do well or badly at school? He did badly at school. What did he used to draw on?

He used to draw on everything he could find.

His father was a strict doctor. He thought drawing was a waste of time.

So he sent the boy to work with a shoe maker and then with a barber

with this speaking. >> Was his father a strict doctor?

Yes. His father was a strict doctor. Did his father think drawing was useful or a waste of time? He thought drawing was a waste of time. Who did the boy [clears throat] go to work with?

He went to work with a shoe maker and then with a barber. >> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. Huh? Nothing worked. Even a strict father could not stop the drawing.

Then his father tried something new. He taught his son about the body. using real human bones.

Could a strict father stop the drawing?

No, even a strict father could not stop the drawing. Did his father use real bones or pictures of bones?

He used real human bones. What did his father teach him about?

He taught his son about the body.

The boy drew the bones carefully, one by one. For the first time, his drawing had a purpose.

He chose medicine. He studied hard and he became a doctor.

Did the boy draw the bones carefully?

Yes. The boy drew the bones carefully, one by one. Did he become a barber or a doctor? He became a doctor. What did his drawing have for the first time?

For the first time, his drawing had a purpose.

At that time, scientists used to think the brain was one big net.

He looked at the brain through a microscope [clears throat] and saw tiny cells.

Great. Did scientists used to think the brain was one big net?

Yes. Scientists used to think the brain was one big net. Did he see tiny cells or big stones?

He saw tiny cells. What did he look through?

He looked at the brain through a microscope. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> He drew them by hand, drawing after drawing, [clears throat] year after year. The work was slow. [sighs and gasps] His

drawings showed separate cells in the brain. These separate cells send messages to each other.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Was the work fast?

No, the work was slow. Did his drawings show one net or separate cells?

His drawing showed separate cells in the brain. What do these separate cells send to each other?

These separate cells send messages to each other. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. In 1906, he won the Nobel Prize, one of the [applause] biggest prizes in science.

Today, many people call him the father of modern brain science. His drawings are still in modern science books.

Did he win the Nobel Prize?

Yes. In 1906, he won the Nobel Prize. Is he the father of modern brain science or modern music?

Many people call him the father of modern brain science. Where are his drawings today?

His drawings are still in modern science books.

>> This was the same boy who went to jail at 11.

You may not know his name, but every brain scientist does. His name was Santiago Rammon Ikah.

Awesome. >> Was this the same boy who went to jail?

Yes, this was the same boy who went to jail at 11. Does every brain scientist know his name or only a few?

Every brain scientist knows his name. What was his name?

His name was Santiago Rammoal.

Learning how to learn tells his story. It is for students who think they are not smart enough.

He did not see himself as a genius. He believed in patient, stubborn work.

Awesome.

Wait, let's go. >> Did he see himself as a genius?

No, he did not see himself as a genius. Did he believe in fast work or stubborn work?

He believed in patient, stubborn work. Which book tells his story?

Learning how to learn tells his story. >> The mind that built a cannon used to make trouble. Later it refused to give up on the brain. His

energy was never the problem. It only needed a target.

Did the mind that built a cannon use to make trouble?

Yes. The mind that built a cannon used to make trouble. Was his energy the problem or did it need a target?

His energy was never the problem. It only needed a target. What did that mind refuse to do later?

Later it refused to give up on the brain.

Maybe school used to be hard for you. Maybe you used to be the difficult one in class.

Your past as a student does not decide your future as a learner.

Give that stubborn energy a target like English. and see what it can build.

Final round. Does your past as a student decide your future?

No, your past as a student does not decide your future as a learner. Did you used to be the easy one or the difficult one in class?

Maybe you used to be the difficult one in class. What should you give that stubborn energy?

Give that stubborn energy a target like English.

The grammar we practice today used to he used to fight with his teachers and he did badly at school. He used to draw on everything he could find. At that time scientists used to think the brain was one big net. The mind that built a cannon used to make trouble.

Congratulations. You practiced 387 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Finished. That's amazing.

which is great.

That's amazing. The psychology of selling

selling your idea. Selling the

selling that's what it is for a nice book on one question. One question from the book The Psychology of Selling by Brian Tracy. Dish differently rise salesman psychology carefully. Top persuade confident technique. A young man walked from office to office. He knocked, smiled, and tried to persuade people to buy.

most people said no. Some of them did not even look up from their desks.

Did he try to persuade people to buy?

Yes, he tried to persuade people to buy. Did most people say yes or no?

Most people said no. Where did the young man walk?

He walked from office to office. >> That's amazing. >> He was paid only when he made a sale. On many days he was paid nothing.

This young man was Brian Tracy. Years later, his book, The Psychology of Selling, began here. Was

he paid on many days?

No. On many days he was paid nothing. Was he paid for his hours or for a sale?

He was paid only when he made a sale. Which book began here?

His book, The Psychology of Selling, began here. That's great. >> He did not finish high school. Before sales, he washed dishes and did heavy work for low pay.

He worked long days and still had almost no money. He was not confident and he was losing hope.

Did he finish high school?

>> No, he did not finish high school. Did he wash dishes or teach school before sales?

Before sales, he washed dishes. How did he feel after long days with no money?

He was not confident and he was losing hope.

>> Have you ever worked hard and seen almost nothing? What would you do in his place?

Many people would just work longer hours. Others would quit and find another job.

is speaking. >> Would many people just work longer hours?

Yes. Many people would just work longer hours. Would others quit or ask for help?

Others would quit and find another job. What question does the story ask you here?

Have you ever worked hard and seen almost nothing? >> He did something different. He went to the best salesman in his company.

This man was selling much more than anyone else. Brian asked him a simple question.

Great. >> Did he go to the best salesman in his company?

Yes, he went to the best salesman in his company. Was this man selling more or less than anyone else?

This man was selling much more than anyone else. What did Brian ask him? Brian asked him a simple question. He asked what the man was doing differently. What was he doing that Brian was not doing?

Asking was not easy. It meant showing another man that he did not know how

was asking Easy.

No, asking was not easy. Did he ask what the man was doing differently or what he earned?

He asked what the man was doing differently. What did asking mean?

It meant showing another man that he did not know how. The top salesman did not laugh at him. He explained his technique with customers.

He asked customers questions first and listened carefully. Only then did he talk about his product.

Did the top salesman laugh at him?

No, the top salesman did not laugh at him. Did the top salesman talk first or ask questions first?

He asked customers questions first and listened carefully. What did the top salesman explain?

He explained his technique with customers. Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> Brian tried the technique. He asked more, talked less, and listened carefully to every answer.

His

sails began to rise. Then they rose again. The young man who once washed dishes became a top salesman.

Awesome. Did Brian try the technique?

Yes, Brian tried the technique. Did his sails fall or rise?

His sails began to rise. Then they rose again. What did the young man who once washed dishes become?

The young man who once washed dishes became a top salesman.

Now he was confident. He did not need long speeches to persuade people.

The answer was not more hours. It was one question asked to the right person.

Was he confident now?

Yes. Now he was confident. Did he need long speeches or questions to persuade people?

He did not need long speeches to persuade people. What was the answer?

It was one question asked to the right person.

Brian has taught this idea in many books on the psychology of selling.

Someone near you has done the thing you want to do. The fastest teacher is often that person.

What >> has Brian taught this idea in many books?

Yes, Brian has taught this idea in many books on the psychology of selling is the fastest teacher. a book or that person.

The fastest teacher is often that person who has done the thing you want to do.

Someone near you has done the thing you want to do.

>> Have you ever asked that person what they do differently? Most people have never asked

They feel shy or they think the best were born different.

So try one small experiment this week. Find the best English speaker you know.

Have most people ever asked the best person?

No. Most people have never asked do they feel shy or do they feel angry.

They feel shy or they think the best were born different. Who should you find this week?

Find the best English speaker you know. >> All right. >> Ask what they do every day that you are not doing. Then copy one thing for 7 days.

At the end of the week, notice what changed. Then go back and ask again.

Final round. Should you copy one thing for 7 days?

Yes. Copy one thing for seven days. At the end of the week, should you stop or ask again?

Go back and ask again. What should you notice at the end of the week?

At the end of the week, notice what changed.

The grammar we practice today, present perfect, experience. Have you ever worked hard and seen almost nothing? Brian has taught this idea in many books on the psychology of selling. Someone near you has done the thing you want to do. Have you ever asked that person what they do differently?

Congratulations. You practiced 389 words in this story and you learned a lot. Great job.

That's amazing.

And that's such an amazing thing. for

our team.

Social media

And I will see.

Uh,

speak.

>> [clears throat]

>> I need to speak.

Hello. Who is

Awesome.

The snowball Warren Buffett Warren Buffett They come to

like snowball.

Oh my god.

The man who kept everything. The man who kept everything from the book The Snowball by Alice Schroeder. Fortune foundation poverty fair announce visitor independence pile worldwide include. Many people believe that very rich men love money more than anything else.

Look at one of the richest men in the world. The belief may seem true.

Do many people believe rich men love money most?

Yes. Many people believe that very rich men love money more than anything else. Is he one of the richest or one of the poorest men?

He is one of the richest men in the world. What may seem true,

the belief may seem true. >> That's great. >> For decades, Warren Buffett did one thing almost every day. He made his money grow.

He lived in the same house in Omaha that he bought in 1958.

speaking. Did he make his money grow?

Yes, he made his money grow. Did he live in a new house or the same house?

He lived in the same house in Omaha. When did he buy the house?

He bought the house in 1958. >> That's amazing. He drove ordinary cars and ate ordinary food.

Every year his fortune grew larger and so did his independence.

Did he drive expensive cars?

No, he drove ordinary cars and ate ordinary food. Did his fortune grow larger or smaller?

Every year his fortune grew larger. What else grew every year?

Every year his fortune grew larger and so did his independence. I'm super proud of you. >> You have just met a man with billions, still counting and still saving. Maybe you have already judged him.

The judgment feels fair. Why would anyone keep growing money that he never spends?

Have you just met a man with billions?

Yes, you have just met a man with billions. >> [clears throat] >> Does the judgment feel fair or unfair?

The judgment feels fair. What have you maybe already done?

Maybe you have already judged him. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> For years, many people said the same. In their eyes, he had given very little away.

You have not heard the hidden fact yet. He never planned to keep it.

Awesome. Have you heard the hidden fact yet?

>> No, you have not heard the hidden fact yet. Did people think he gave a lot or very little?

In their eyes, he had given very little away. What is the hidden fact?

He never planned to keep it.

For many years, the plan was simple. His wife would give it away after his death.

She died in 2004. After her death, he slowly decided not to wait any longer.

Great. >> Was the plan simple?

Yes. For many years, the plan was simple. Would his wife give it away before or after his death?

His wife would give it away after his death. When did his wife die?

She died in 2004.

>> In 2006, he announced that he would give away about 85% of his shares. >> [gasps]

>> many people were surprised when he announced it.

Did he announce a big gift in 2006?

Yes. In 2006, he announced that he would give away about 85% of his shares. Were people bored or surprised?

Many people were surprised when he announced it. How much of his shares would he give away?

He would give away about 85% of his shares.

Alice Schroeder notes in the snowball that no gift this large came before.

Most of it would go to the Gates Foundation, which fights disease and poverty worldwide.

>> Awesome. Let's go. Did a gift this large come before?

No. Alice Schroeder notes that no gift this large came before. Would most of it go to the Gates Foundation or to his family?

Most of it would go to the Gates Foundation. What does the foundation fight?

It fights disease and poverty worldwide. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> He chose it because he believed it would use the money better than he could.

His plan also included a rule. The foundation had to spend the money every year.

Did his plan include a rule?

>> Yes. His plan also included a rule. Did the foundation have to spend the money every year or keep it?

The foundation had to spend the money every year. Why did he choose the foundation?

He believed it would use the money better than he could.

>> You have just heard the whole story. Look at the same man again. Was your judgment fair?

The same house, the simple meals, the growing fortune.

Have you just heard the whole story?

Yes, you have just heard the whole story. Should you look at a new man or the same man again?

Look at the same man again. What question does the story ask about your judgment?

Was your judgment fair? It was never a pile of money to sit on. It was a tool against poverty.

Money is a tool to serve people, not a pile to keep in a box.

Awesome. Was his money a pile to sit on?

No, it was never a pile of money to sit on. Is money a tool to serve people or a pile to keep?

Money is a tool to serve people, not a pile to keep in a box. What was his money a tool against?

It was a tool against poverty.

>> His independence with money gave him a choice. He chose to serve [clears throat] with it.

The same is true of any skill you have already built. That includes your English.

Is the same true of any skill you have already built?

Yes. The same is true of any skill you have already built. Did he choose to keep it or to serve with it? He chose to serve with it. What gave him a choice?

His independence with money gave him a choice. Congratulations. Think of a worried parent at a hospital or a lost visitor or a shy younger student.

Your English can help the parent, the student, and the visitor. English is spoken worldwide.

So, don't ask if you have learned enough English yet. Ask who your English can help this week.

Final round. Is English spoken worldwide?

Yes, English is spoken worldwide. Can your English help only the student or the visitor too?

Your English can help the parent, the student, and the visitor. What should you not ask?

Don't ask if you have learned enough English yet.

The grammar we practiced today, present perfect, just already yet. You have just met a man with billions, still counting and still saving. Maybe you have already judged him. You have not heard the hidden fact yet. You have just heard the whole story.

Congratulations. You practiced 386 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.

That's That's super great jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.

Perfection.

unique, but it's a nice time to think about innovation. The mirror, >> the mirror from the book Steve Jobs by Walter Isacson. Fame, waste, deserve, pride, pattern, dramatic, limited, faith, operate, scroll. Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life.

Steve Jobs said these words in June 2005 to new graduates at Stanford University. >> [applause]

>> Awesome. More. Okay, let's go. >> Did Steve Jobs say these words in 2005?

Yes, Steve Jobs said these words in June 2005. Did he say them to new graduates or to workers?

He said them to new graduates at Stanford University. What did he say about your time?

Your time is limited. So don't waste it.

He was 50 years old. The year before, doctors operated on him for cancer. After

they operated, he saw his life in a new way.

So he did not talk about fame or business. He talked about life.

Did doctors operate on him the year before?

Yes. The year before doctors operated on him for cancer. Did he talk about fame or about life?

He did not talk about fame. He talked about life. How old was he? He was 50 years old.

He told the students about a habit. He started it when he was 17.

Every morning he looked in the mirror and asked himself one simple question.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Did he start the habit when he was 50?

No, he started it when he was 17. Did he look in the mirror every morning or every night?

He looked in the mirror every morning. Who did he tell about the habit? He told the students about a habit. He imagined that today was his last day. Would he still choose today's plan?

If he said no for many days, he saw a pattern and he changed something.

Did he imagine that today was his last day?

Yes. He imagined that today was his last day. Did he change something or keep everything?

He changed something. He saw a pattern. What did he see when he said no for many days?

He saw a pattern and he changed [clears throat] something. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> Think about that moment. A man alone at the mirror before the world wakes up.

He was not asking about money or fame. He was asking about his hours.

Was he asking about money?

No, he was not asking about money or fame. Was he asking about fame or about his hours?

He was asking about his hours, not about fame. Where was the man? He was alone. at the mirror. >> Congratulations. Let's get going. >> The question was simple, but it was not easy. The honest answer was often uncomfortable.

The question helped him cut away things that did not really matter.

is speaking. >> Was the question easy?

No. The question was simple, but it was not easy. Was the honest answer comfortable or uncomfortable?

The honest answer was often uncomfortable. What did the question help him do?

It helped him cut away things that did not really matter.

He explained that the thought of death made his big decisions clearer.

Next to it, pride, fear of failure, and other people's opinions all became small.

Awesome. Let's go. Did fear of failure become small?

Yes. Fear of failure and other people's opinions all became small. Did his pride become big or small? His pride became small. What did the thought of death make clearer?

It made his big decisions clearer.

With his pride out of the way, he followed what he truly wanted.

Our faith also asks us to remember death. In our faith, it helps us use each day well.

Did he follow what other people wanted?

No. He followed what he truly wanted. Does our faith ask us to remember death or to forget it?

Our faith asks us to remember death. In our faith, how does remembering death help us?

in our faith. It helps us use each day well. That's great. >> His words have lasted. Millions of people have watched that short speech online.

Maybe you have watched it too. The speech itself was quiet, not dramatic.

Have millions of people watched the speech.

Yes. Millions of people have watched that short speech online. Was the speech dramatic or quiet?

The speech itself was quiet, not dramatic. What have his words done? His words have lasted.

>> The first step is not dramatic either. It is one honest question asked every morning.

Ask every morning whether today's plan deserves your one life.

Look at your plan for tomorrow. Is there real time for English?

Is the first step dramatic?

No, the first step is not dramatic. Do you ask the question every morning or once a year?

It is one honest question asked every morning. What should you ask every morning?

Ask whether today's plan deserves your one life.

>> Is there an hour for practice or only an hour of scrolling on your phone?

Have you ever scrolled for an hour and felt empty after it?

Awesome. >> Have you ever scrolled for an hour and felt empty?

Yes. I have scrolled for an hour and felt empty after it. Is the hour for practice or for scrolling?

That is the question. An hour for practice or only an hour of scrolling? How did you feel after an hour of scrolling? I felt empty after it. can be. >> You do not need to change your whole life. You only need to notice the pattern.

One wasted morning is normal. Many wasted mornings in a row are a message.

Is one wasted morning normal?

Yes, one wasted morning is normal. Do you need to change your whole life or notice the pattern?

You only need to notice the pattern. What are many wasted mornings in a row?

Many wasted mornings in a row are a message. His time was limited and so is yours. Tomorrow, stand at your mirror and ask yourself one question.

Does today's plan deserve my one life? Would I still choose it?

Let's jump into it. Was his time limited?

Yes, his time was limited and so is yours. Do you stand at your mirror tomorrow or next year?

Tomorrow, stand at your mirror and ask yourself one question. What will you ask yourself?

Does today's plan deserve my one life?

The grammar we practice today, present perfect versus past simple. Steve Jobs said these words in June 2005 to new graduates at Stanford University the year before doctors operated on him for cancer. He started it when he was 17. His words have lasted.

Congratulations. You practiced 383 words in this story and you learned a lot. Fabulous.

That was it. I I really really appreciate you practicing your English and learning something new. Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs. Wow. Wow. Perfection.

Unique. But it's a nice time to think about innovation. 50 computers. >> 50 computers from the book Steve Jobs by Walter Isaxson. Loan, supplier, batch, calculator, electronics, freely, van, credit, deliver, assemble. 1976, California. In a computer club, a young engineer shows a board he built.

He is Steve Wniaak. He designs computers for fun and shares them freely.

Does the young engineer show a board he built?

Yes. In a computer club, a young engineer shows a board he built. Does Wnjak share his designs freely or sell them? He shares them freely. Why does Wnjak design computers?

Heat his hines computers for fun. >> His friend Steve Jobs watches the room. He notices something else. People want this board.

Jobs has a simple plan. If they make the boards, they can sell them to people in the club.

speaking. Do people want this board?

Yes, Jobs notices that people want this board. Does Jobs watch the room or leave the room?

His friend Steve Jobs watches the room. If they make the boards, what can they do?

If they make the boards, they can sell them to people in the club. >> I'm super proud of you. Wniaak is not sure. He likes sharing freely. If people can build it at [snorts] home, will they pay?

Jobs does not want to wait. Even if they lose money, he says they will have a company

with this beat. is speaking. >> Is Wosniac sure?

No. Wasak is not sure. He likes sharing freely. Even if they lose money, will they have a company or nothing?

Even if they lose money, they will have a company. What does Wnjak ask?

If people can build it at home, will they pay? >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> So, Jobs sells his van and Wniaak sells his calculator.

The money from the van and the calculator pays for the first batch of boards.

Does Jobs sell his van?

Yes. Jobs sells his van and Wnjak sells his calculator. Does Wnjak sell his calculator or his computer? Wniac sells his calculator. What does the money pay for?

The money pays for the first batch of boards.

>> Weeks later, Jobs shows it to Paul Terrell, who owns a computer shop.

He has a surprise. He does not want boards. He wants finished computers.

Does Paul Terrell own a computer shop?

Yes. Paul Terrell owns a computer shop. Does he want boards or finished computers?

He does not want boards. He wants finished computers. Who does Jobs show the board to?

Jobs shows it to Paul Terrell. >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. >> He orders 50. If they deliver them fully assembled, he will pay.

Read that number again. 50 computers for two young men with no factory and no electronics parts.

If they deliver the computers fully assembled, will he pay?

Yes. If they deliver them fully assembled, he will pay. Does he order 50 computers or five?

He orders 50 computers. What do the two young men not have?

They have no factory and no electronics parts.

>> The goal changes in one afternoon. No more boards for club members.

Now they must build real computers for a real customer.

Jobs goes to an electronic supplier with the shop's order in his hand.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. Does the gold change in one afternoon?

Yes. The goal changes in one afternoon. Must they build boards or real computers?

Now they must build real computers for a real customer. Where does jobs go with the order?

Jobs goes to an electronic supplier with the shop's order.

He asks for the parts now on credit. He promises to pay within 30 days.

The supplier's manager calls the shop owner. If the order is real, he will agree. It is real.

>> Great. Does he ask for the parts on credit?

Yes, he asks for the parts now on credit. If the order is real, will the manager agree or say no?

If the order is real, he will agree. When does he promise to pay?

He promises to pay within 30 days.

This is ordinary trade credit, not a loan. No bank, only time to pay.

The clock starts. The family home in Los Altos turns into a small factory.

Is this alone?

>> No, it is credit, not a loan. Does the family home turn into a shop or a small factory?

The family home turns into a small factory. Where is the family home?

The family home is in Los Altos.

Friends and family help. Day and night they assemble and test every computer in the garage.

Before the 30 days end, they deliver the first batch to the shop.

Awesome. Do they test every computer?

Yes, they assemble and test every computer in the garage. Do they work only by day or day and night?

Day and night they assemble and test every computer. What do they deliver before the 30 days end?

They deliver the first bat to the shop.

The shop pays, the supplier is paid, and the business has its first real order.

What counted most was not the design. It was seeing that someone would pay.

>> Awesome. >> Is the supplier paid?

Yes, the shop pays and the supplier is paid. What counted most? The design or seeing that someone would pay.

It was seeing that someone would pay. What does the business have now?

The business has its first real order. Turn a hobby into a product. The moment someone is willing to pay.

Maybe you do something well in English like explaining grammar to friends.

Can you turn a hobby into a product? [clears throat]

Yes. Turn a hobby into a product the moment someone is willing to pay. Is the example explaining grammar or selling phones.

The example is explaining grammar to friends. What do you maybe do well in English?

Maybe I do something well like explaining grammar to friends. And let's continue. tomorrow. Ask one person if it would help them. If they say yes, you will have your first customer.

If you have a real customer, you may not need a loan at all.

Let's jump into it. If they say yes, will you have your first customer?

Yes. If they say yes, you will have your first customer. Do you ask one person or 100 people?

Tomorrow. Ask one person if it would help them. If you have a real customer, what may you not need?

If you have a real customer, you may not need a loan at all.

The grammar we practice today, first conditional. If they make the boards, they can sell them to people in the club. If people can build it at home, will they pay? Even if they lose money, he says, they will have a company. If they deliver them fully assembled, he will pay.

Congratulations. You practiced 389 words in this story and you learned a lot. Awesome.

That's amazing. That's That's such a beautiful opportunity. Give and take.

The scrapyard. >> The scrapyard from the book Give and Take by Adam Grant. Fee, file, relationship, financial, treat, trick, bottom, scrap, rubbish, appearance. Imagine a quiet morning in a financial office. desks, files, and the sound of keyboards.

A client asked for some help with his money. Was

the office quiet in the morning?

Yes, it was a quiet morning in a financial office. Was it a financial office or a school?

It was a financial office with desks and files. What did the client ask for?

He asked for some help with his money. Come in here. >> The advisers looked at his file. He worked with scrap metal and he had very little money with the company.

Busy offices often push clients like him to the bottom of the list.

>> Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did the client have a lot of money with the company?

No, he had very little money with the company. Did he work with scrap metal or with computers? He worked with scrap metal. Where do busy offices often push clients like him?

They push them to the bottom of the list. >> Well done. One adviser, Peter or planned to drive out and meet the man.

His colleague said the drive might be a waste of his time.

Did O day plan to drive out and meet the man?

Yes, he planned to drive out and meet the man. Did his colleague say the drive might be a waste or a good idea?

They said the drive might [gasps] be a waste of his time. Who said the drive might be a waste of time?

His colleague said the drive might be a waste of his time. His

hourly fee was high, and a small client might never pay for his time.

Maybe you agree with them. Time is limited. Why give it to a small client?

>> Awesome. Was O's hourly fee low?

No. [laughter] His hourly fee [sighs and gasps] was high. Might a small client pay for his time or might he never pay?

A small client might never pay for his time. Why might a small client be a problem? His

hourly fee was high and a small client might never pay for his time. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Or heard them and he decided to go anyway.

When he arrived, the yard did not look rich. Old scrap metal was lying everywhere.

Did O day decide to stay at the office?

>> No, he decided to go anyway. Did the yard look rich or poor? The yard did not look rich. What was lying everywhere in the yard?

Old scrap metal was lying everywhere. >> All right, back to the story. >> Another advisor might see [sighs] only rubbish there, say sorry, and drive away.

O day stayed. He sat down, listened carefully, and treated the man like an important client.

Did O day say sorry and drive away?

No, all day stayed and listened carefully. Might another advisor see a business or only rubbish.

Another advisor might see only rubbish there. How did Oday treat the man?

He treated the man like an important client.

Then he learned one hidden fact. The man owned the whole business and it made a lot of money.

Look at the scene again. The same metal, the same place, the same man.

Speaking skills. Did the man own the whole business?

Yes. The man owned the whole business. Did the business make a lot of money or very little?

It made a lot of money. What should we look at again?

We should look at the scene again. The same metal, the same place, the same man. >> A minute ago, the metal looked like rubbish. Now it looked like a successful business.

The yard's appearance did not change. Only the story in our heads changed.

Did the yard's appearance change?

No. The yard's appearance did not change. A minute ago, did the metal look like rubbish or like a business?

A minute ago, the metal looked like rubbish. What changed then?

Only the story in our heads changed. [clears throat]

The man trusted Uday with his business and the relationship grew over the years.

In the end, Uday's fees from this one client grew about 100 times.

Did the relationship grow over the years?

Yes, the relationship grew over the years. Did his fees grow 10 times or about a hundred times? His

fees from this one client grew about 100 times. Who did the man trust with his business?

The man trusted all debt with his business.

The relationship started with one drive that his colleagues called a waste of time.

It is easy to hear this as a trick. Be nice because a poor man may be rich.

Let's jump into it. >> Did the relationship start with one drive?

Yes. It started with one drive. Is it easy or hard to hear this as a trick? It is easy to hear this as a trick. In the trick, what may a poor man be?

In the trick, a poor man may be rich. That's great. >> That trick is not the point. When Od went, he had no idea about the man's financial success.

He went because the man had asked for help. For him, no client belonged at the bottom.

Did Oday know about the man's financial success?

No, he had no idea about the man's financial success. Did Oday go for money or because the man asked for help?

He went because the man had asked for help. For O day, which client belonged at the bottom

for him, no client belonged at the bottom. incoming >> serve everyone well. You never really know who is in front of you. And the person you become matters more.

Soon someone may ask you for help. They may not look important.

May someone ask you for help soon?

Yes. Soon someone may ask you for help. Will they look important or may they not look important?

They may not look important. What should you do for everyone? You should serve everyone well. Congratulations. Forget their appearance. Treat the small request like a big one because to that person it is big.

Don't ask is this person important. Ask how can I do this well?

Let's jump into it. Should you think about their appearance?

No. Forget their appearance. Should you treat a small request like a small one or a big one?

Treat the small request like a big one. What question should you ask?

ask how can I do this? Well,

the grammar we practice today might may. His colleague said the drive might be a waste of his time. His hourly fee was high and a small client might never pay for his time. Another adviser might see only rubbish there, say sorry, and drive away. Be nice, because a poor man may be rich.

Congratulations. You practiced 381 words in this story and you learned a lot. Super proud of you.

This is great. Let's keep it up.

Mhm.

Mhm. Oh,

uh. Uh-huh.

YouTube

>> [snorts]

>> It's done.

Alhamdulillah. Alhamdulillah.

Yeah. Mr. Wing

presentation.

Awesome. Alhamdulillah.

forchech.

The everything store. Jeff, Amazon,

One small mark. >> One small mark from the book The Everything Store by Brad Stone. Complaint instruction seriously cause package address rarely curve inbox question mark. It is such a small thing to type on a keyboard. One curve and one dot

a question mark at Amazon. It became one of the most feared messages in the company. Awesome.

Is a question mark a big thing to type?

No, it is such a small thing to type on a keyboard. Is it one curve and one dot or two lines?

It is one curve and one dot. What did the question mark become at Amazon?

It became one of the most feared messages in the company. I'm super proud of you. >> Brad Stone describes this habit in the everything store, his book about Jeff Bezos.

For years, Bezos kept a public email address. Customers could write to his inbox directly.

How did Bezos keep a public email address?

Yes. For years, Bezos kept a public email address. Could customers write to his inbox directly or only to a manager?

Customers could write to his inbox directly. Who describes this habit?

Brad Stone describes this habit in the everything store.

>> Customers used that address. They wrote when a package was late or when something went wrong.

He could not read every email, but he read many of them himself.

Did he read every email?

No. He could not read every email. Did customers write when a package was late or when it was early? They wrote when a page was late. What did customers use to write to him? Customers used that email address. When a complaint caught his eye, he often did something very simple.

He forwarded it to the manager in charge. His only instruction was one character, a question mark.

Jes, let's jump into it. >> Did a complaint sometimes catch his eye?

Yes. When a complaint caught his eye, he did something simple. Was his instruction a long letter or one character? His only instruction was one character, a question mark. Who did he forward the complaint to?

He forwarded it to the manager in charge.

No angry words, no long instructions, just that small mark above the customer's message.

Look closely at that small curve. What does one question mark say to a manager?

Were there long instructions?

No, there were no long instructions. Was the mark above or below the customer's message.

The small mark was above the customer's message. What should we look closely at?

Look closely at that small curve.

seen this. >> Why did it happen? What are you doing about it?

Inside the company, people took these messages very seriously. Teams dropped everything and moved so fast

speaking skills. Did people take these messages seriously?

Yes, people took these messages very seriously. Did teams move slowly or so fast?

teams dropped everything and moved so fast. What does the question mark say?

It says I have seen this Why did it happen? >> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. He >> had to find the cause quickly and fix it often within a few hours.

Then they explained what went wrong and how they would stop it from happening again.

Now it's your turn. Answer the questions. >> Did they have to find the cause quickly?

Yes, they had to find the cause quickly and fix it. Did they fix it within a few hours or a few months? They often fixed it within a few hours. What did they explain then?

They explained what went wrong and how they would stop it. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. Imagine you are that manager. You open your inbox and there it is from the very top.

The message feels so serious. You would not wait until tomorrow. You would start that same minute. Awesome.

Wait, let's go. >> Would you wait until tomorrow?

No, you would not wait until tomorrow. Does the message feel so serious or so funny?

The message feels so serious. What do you find when you open your inbox?

There it is. A question mark from the very top.

Why did such a small mark work so well? [clears throat] Because one customer's problem was rarely only one customer's problem.

Behind one late package, there were often many quiet customers with the same trouble.

Was

one customer's problem often only one customer's problem?

No, it was rarely only one customer's problem. Behind one late package, were there many customers or none?

There were often many quiet customers with the same trouble. Why did such a small mark work so well?

Because one customer's problem was rarely only one customer's problem. Congratulations. Let's keep going. >> Such a small mark turned a single email into a better system for everyone.

Take every customer complaint seriously. Because one voice often speaks for many.

You can use this small mark as a tool for your own English.

Did such a small mark make a better system?

Yes, such a small mark turned a single email into a better system. Should you take a complaint seriously or forget it?

Take every customer complaint seriously. What can you use this small mark for?

You can use it as a tool for your own English.

When a teacher, app, or friend corrects you, mark it with a question mark.

Then ask yourself the same questions about that mistake. What was the cause? And how will I stop it?

Should you mark a correction with a question [clears throat] mark?

Yes. Mark it with a question mark. Should you ask about the cause or forget the mistake?

Ask what was the cause and how will I stop it? Who can correct you?

A teacher, app or friend can correct you. Congratulations. Before you sleep, clear one question mark. Write the correct sentence three times.

A mistake fixed like this rarely comes back. After a month, your English will be so much stronger.

Let's jump into it. >> Does a mistake fixed like this often come back?

No, a mistake fixed like this rarely comes back. Should you write the correct sentence once or three times?

Write the correct sentence three times. How will your English be after a month?

After a month, your English will be so much stronger.

The grammar we practice today. So such. It is such a small thing to type on a keyboard. Teams dropped everything and moved so fast. The message feels so serious. Why did such a small mark work so well?

Congratulations. You practiced 380 words in this story and you learned a lot.

TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a lot of things.

That's that this is the right way. That's amazing. The snowball [clears throat]

for the saint.

Snowball.

Oh my god. Warren Buffett.

[clears throat]

The man in the corner. >> The man in the corner from the book The Snowball by Alice Schroeder. Partner jacket corner. Relative arrange decade. Disappear. Remind similar lonely. An old doctor sat in the corner of his living room in Omaha. He did not seem to listen.

It was a Sunday afternoon in 1957. A young man kept talking very fast.

Did the old doctor seem to Listen.

No, he did not seem to listen. Did the doctor sit in the corner or at the door? He sat in the corner of his living room. What did the young man keep doing? He kept talking very fast. >> Congratulations. Let's keep going. His jacket was too big for him and he looked much younger than his age.

He was explaining how he managed money for other people.

Great. Was his jacket too big for him?

Yes. His jacket was too big for him. Did he look younger or older than his age?

He looked much younger than his age. What was the young man explaining?

He was explaining how he managed money for other people.

>> The doctor's wife listened carefully and asked good questions. He stayed quiet in his corner.

After about an hour, she turned to her husband and asked what he thought.

>> Did the doctor's wife ask good questions?

Yes. She listened carefully and asked good questions. Did the doctor keep talking or stay quiet?

He stayed quiet in his corner. When did she turn to her husband?

After about an hour, she turned to her husband. Let's jump into Let's keep it up. He said they should give the young man $100,000 to invest.

The young man in the big jacket was Warren Buffett. He was happy and a little confused. Awesome.

Did the doctor say they should give him money?

Yes. He said they should give the young man $100,000 to invest. Was the young man in the big jacket Warren Buffett or Charlie Mer?

The young man in the big jacket was Warren Buffett. How did Warren feel?

He was happy and a little confused. Fabulous. Let's keep it up. >> He asked why the doctor agreed to give the money. He did not even listen much.

Dr. Davis said that the young man reminded him of someone called Charlie Munger.

loves your job. >> Did the doctor agree to give the money?

Yes. The doctor agreed to give the money. Did the young man remind him of Charlie Munger or of his son?

The young man reminded him of someone called Charlie Munger. What did Warren ask?

He asked why the doctor agreed to give the money.

>> Warren [sighs] had no idea who that was. He only knew that he already liked the man.

two years passed. Then one summer day in 1959, that name walked into Warren's life. Awesome.

Wait, let's go. >> Did Warren know who Charlie Munger was?

No, Warren had no idea who that was. Did 2 years pass or 10 years? Two years passed. What walked into Warren's life in 1959.

In 1959, that name walked into Warren's life.

Charlie was a lawyer from Los Angeles. He had come home to Omaha after his father died.

The doctor's son was Charlie's oldest friend. He and a relative arranged a lunch.

Was Charlie a doctor?

No, Charlie was a lawyer from Los Angeles. Did the son and a relative arrange a lunch or a dinner?

He and a relative arranged a lunch. Why did Charlie come home to Omaha?

He had come home to Omaha after his father died.

The two men sat down and soon the rest of the room seemed to disappear.

They talked about business and people. They understood each other perfectly.

>> Did the rest of the room seem to disappear?

Yes. Soon the rest of the room seemed to disappear. Did they talk about business or about sport?

They talked about business and people. How did the two men understand each other? They understood each other perfectly. Extraordinary. Let's keep it up. When lunch ended, the son and the relative left. The two men did not stop talking.

After that, they enjoyed talking on the phone for hours. Later they worked together for decades.

Did the two men stop talking?

No, the two men did not stop talking. Did they enjoy talking on the phone or writing letters?

They enjoyed talking on the phone for hours. Who left when lunch ended? The son and the relative left. That's amazing. Over those decades, they built one of the most famous partnerships in the world.

I think the real turning point was that quiet sentence.

speaking skills. >> Did they build something over those decades? [clears throat]

Yes. Over those decades they built a famous partnership. Was their partnership small or famous?

It was one of the most famous partnerships in the world. What was the real turning point?

The real turning point was that quiet sentence. >> Well done. The doctor saw something similar in two very different men, and he helped them meet.

The Snowball, the book about Warren's life, keeps this small moment.

Let's jump into it. >> Did the doctor see something similar in the two men?

Yes. The doctor saw something similar in two very different men. Did the doctor help [gasps] them meet or help them fight? He helped them meet. Which book keeps this small moment?

The Snowball, the book about Warren's life, keeps this small moment.

>> The right partner can change the course [clears throat] of your life.

English can feel like a lonely road. Many students study alone and one day they disappear.

Can the right partner change your life?

Yes, the right partner can change the course of your life. Can English feel like a lonely road or a busy road?

English can feel like a lonely road. What do many students do one day? One day they disappear. >> That's amazing. >> It does not have to be lonely. A study partner can keep you walking on hard days.

On a bad evening, your partner can remind you to keep going.

Choose one classmate with a similar go. Arrange a fixed 10-minute English call every evening.

Final round. Does it have to be lonely?

No, it does not have to be lonely. Can your partner remind [sighs and gasps] you to keep going or to stop?

Your partner can remind you to keep going. What should you arrange with one classmate?

Arrange a fixed 10-minute English call every evening.

The grammar we practiced today, verb plus ing or to plus verb. He did not seem to listen. A young man kept talking very fast. He asked why the doctor agreed to give the money. The two men sat down and soon the rest of the room seemed to disappear.

Congratulations. You practiced 389 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's another story in your pocket. And you know, stories stick.

Awesome. Are you ready? Why sleep? Why you know sleep works?

A month without the sun. >> A month without the sun from the book Why We Sleep by Matthew Walker. Adjust temperature discovery. Underground assistant bucket cave. Daylight scientific sleepy June 1938. Two men carry beds, tables, and scientific instruments deep into Mammoth Cave in Kentucky.

Down here there is no sun, no night and no morning. The air is cool and it never changes.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Do two men carry beds into a cave?

Yes. Two men carry beds, tables, and scientific instruments deep into Mammoth Cave. Is the air in the cave cool or hot?

The air is cool and it never changes. What is missing down in the cave?

Down there there is no sun, no night, and no morning. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> One is Nathaniel Clightman, a sleep scientist from the University of Chicago. The other is his young assistant, Bruce Richardson.

Their goal is bold. Can people live on a day that is 28 hours long?

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. Is Bruce Richardson the scientist's assistant?

Yes, Bruce Richardson is his young assistant. Is their new day 28 hours or 24 hours long?

Their new day is 28 hours long. Who is Nathaniel Clightman?

He is a sleep scientist from the University of Chicago. Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. Is our daily rhythm just a habit from the sun or does the body keep its own time.

Their beds stand in buckets of water so rats cannot climb up while they sleep.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Do their beds stand in buckets of water?

Yes. Their beds stand in buckets of water. Do the buckets stop rats or stop the cold?

The buckets stop rats. Rats cannot climb up while they sleep. What big question do they ask about the body?

They ask if the body keeps its own time. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> The first week, they follow their new schedule carefully with longer days and longer nights than the world above.

Again and again they measure their body temperature which rises and falls through the day like a clock.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Do they measure their body temperature?

Yes. Again and again they measure their body temperature. Are their days longer or shorter than the world above? Their days are longer than the world above. How does their temperature move through the day?

It rises and falls through the day like a clock. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. The second week >> they have been living underground without daylight and something interesting is happening.

Richardson, the young assistant, has been adjusting. His body slowly begins to follow the longer day.

Now, the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Have they been living underground without daylight?

Yes, they have been living underground without daylight. Has the assistant been adjusting or has he been fighting the longer day? The assistant has been adjusting to the longer day. What has the young assistant been doing?

The young assistant has been adjusting. His body begins to follow the longer day. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Clightman, the older man, cannot adjust. His temperature still rises and falls on a day of about 24 hours.

He feels sleepy when his schedule says morning and wide awake when it says bedtime. Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Can the older man adjust to the longer day?

No, Clightman, the older man cannot adjust. Does he feel sleepy in the morning or at bedtime?

He feels sleepy when his schedule says morning. What day does his temperature still follow?

His temperature still rises and falls on a day of about 24 hours. >> Now, back to the story. >> Read that number again. 24 There is no sun in the cave, yet his body has been counting all along.

The goal has changed. They came to beat the clock. Now the real discovery is the clock itself.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. Has [clears throat] his body been counting all along?

Yes, there is no son. >> Ah, >> yet his body has been counting all along. Is the real discovery the cave or the clock itself?

The real discovery is the clock itself. What has his body been doing in the cave?

In the cave, his body has been counting a day of 24 hours. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> July 1938. After 32 days underground, they climb back into the summer light.

They have not proved that people can easily live on a longer day. Most of us would just feel sleepy.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Do they spend 32 days underground?

Yes. After 32 days underground, they climb back into the summer light. On a longer day, would most of us feel sleepy or fresh?

Most of us would just feel sleepy. What have they not proved?

They have not proved that people can easily live on a longer day. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. They have shown something bigger. Deep inside us, a body clock keeps running without the sun.

Scientists have been studying it ever since. Today we call it the circadian rhythm.

Matthew Walker describes this cold, dark month in Why We Sleep.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Have scientists been studying the body clock ever since?

Yes. Scientists have been studying it ever since. Does the body clock need the sun or does it run without the sun? The body clock keeps running without the sun. What do we call the body clock today?

Today we call it the circadian rhythm. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. >> The scientific result is easy to remember. The cold, the [gasps] dark, and the beds in buckets are easier to forget.

Two men gave up daylight, comfort, and normal life for a month just to answer one question.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Is the scientific result hard to remember?

No. The scientific result is easy to remember. Did the two men give up daylight or give up science?

They gave up daylight, comfort, and normal life for a month. Why did they give up daylight for a month? They gave it up just to answer one question. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. Great discoveries sometimes need uncomfortable experiments and someone willing to stay in the dark long enough.

You probably will not live in a cave. Still, every real skill asks you to test yourself somewhere uncomfortable.

Okay, questions time. Do great discoveries sometimes need uncomfortable experiments?

Yes, great discoveries sometimes need uncomfortable experiments. Will you live in a cave or test yourself somewhere uncomfortable?

I will probably not live in a cave. I will test myself somewhere uncomfortable. Who else do great discoveries need?

They need someone willing to stay in the dark long enough. >> Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. Maybe you have been avoiding one test for months, like recording your voice and hearing every mistake.

So what is your cave? Which uncomfortable experiment would answer your biggest question about yourself?

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. Have you been avoiding one uncomfortable test?

Yes, maybe. I have been avoiding one test for months. Is your cave a real cave or an uncomfortable experiment?

My cave is an uncomfortable experiment. What test might you have been avoiding?

I have been avoiding recording my voice and hearing every mistake.

The grammar we practice today present perfect continuous. They have been living underground without delaying and something interesting is happening. Richardson, the young assistant, has been adjusting. There is no sun in the cave, yet his body has been counting all along. Scientists have been studying it ever since.

Congratulations. You practiced 425 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Finished. That's amazing.

Which is great.

So that's amazing.

foreign.

And let's keep going. Hard things about hard things. Um,

Wow, that's amazing. The best bad choice. The Best Bad Choice from the book The Hard Thing About Hard Things by Ben Horowitz. Option employee delay momentum burst mock go public journey. press run away. In March 2001, one young company did something every expert said was crazy.

Then Horowitz was running a young internet company called LoudCloud, which he had started with friends.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. Had Ben Hawit started LoudCloud with friends.

Yes, he had started it with friends. Was Loudcloud an internet company or a bank? Loudcloud was a young internet company. What did every expert say about the company's move? Every expert said it was crazy. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> It helped other businesses run their websites, and for a while, money had

been easy to find.

Then the internet bubble burst. Tech shares crashed and investors ran away from companies like his.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Had money been easy to find for a while.

Yes. For a while, money had been easy to find. Did investors stay or run away from companies like his?

Investors ran away from companies like his. What happened when the internet bubble burst?

Tech shares crashed and investors ran away. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Many of LoudCloud's customers were young internet companies too and one by one they were closing.

Every month it was spending far more cash than it earned. Any delay would empty the bank account.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Was the company earning more cash than it spent?

No, it was spending far more cash than it earned. Would a delay save the bank account or empty it? Any delay would empty the bank account. What was happening to its customers?

One by one, its customers were closing. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> He tried to raise money privately. The investors who had loved internet companies had run away.

Now imagine you are in his chair. You have hundreds of employees and each one has a family.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Had the investors run away.

Yes. The investors who had loved internet companies had run away. Do you have hundreds of employees or just a few?

You have hundreds of employees and each one has a family. What had the investors loved before? They had loved internet companies. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> The first option is to close the company. The second is to sell it cheaply. If anyone will buy,

the third option sounds crazy. You could go public in the worst market in years. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn >> is the first option to close the company.

Yes. The [sighs and gasps] first option is to close the company. Is the third option to go public or to sell cheaply?

The third option is to go public in the worst market in years. Why does the third option sound crazy?

You could go public in the worst market in years. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> It looked almost impossible. Since the bubble had burst, public investors wanted nothing to do with internet companies.

In the end, he chose the crazy option. Loud Cloud went public anyway.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. Had the bubble burst before his choice.

Yes, the bubble had burst and investors wanted nothing to do with internet companies. Did he choose the safe option or the crazy option?

He chose the crazy option. Loud Cloud [clears throat] went public anyway. What did Loud Cloud do in the end?

In the end, Loud Cloud went public anyway. >> Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue. >> The price had to be cut to $6 a share, and the press mocked the deal. [laughter]

But the deal did the one thing that really mattered. It raised more than $160 million.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Did the press mock the deal?

>> Yes. The press mocked the deal. Did the deal raise more or less than $160 million?

It raised more than $160 million. What price did the shares have to be cut to?

The price had to be cut to $6 a share. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> That cash bought time. It was time to change the business and time to save jobs for his employees.

Over the next months, more of its customers went out of business, just as he had feared.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now, it's over to you to answer them. >> Did the cash buy time?

Yes, that cash bought time to change the business. Was it time to [gasps and sighs] close the business or to change it?

It was time to change the business and time to save jobs for his employees. What had he feared?

He had feared that more customers would go out of business. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. Later, he sold part of the business and turned the rest into a software company called Opswear.

Years later, a huge technology company bought Opswear for more than $1.6 billion.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. Did he turn the rest into opswear?

Yes. He turned the rest into a software company called Opswear. Was Opswear bought for 1.6 billion or $1.6 6 million.

It was bought for more than $1.6 billion. What kind of company was Opswear? Opswear was a software company. Now back to the story. >> The deal the press had marked had kept the company alive.

He looks back on those days in the hard thing about hard things. He never pretends they were pretty.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. Had the press mocked the deal that saved the company.

Yes. The deal the press had mocked had kept the company alive. Does he pretend those days were pretty or not? He never pretends those days were pretty. What had the mocked deal done?

The deal the press had mocked had kept the company alive. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> He writes honestly about the fear and about the long nights without sleep.

Your English journey has moments like this. Your exam is in two weeks and your writing is still weak.

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Does he write honestly about the fear?

Yes. He writes honestly about the fear and the long nights. Is your exam in 2 weeks or 2 months?

Your exam is in two weeks and your writing is still weak. What does your English journey have?

Your English journey has moments like this. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> You can cancel and lose the fee. You can delay and lose your momentum.

Or you can sit it perhaps get a low score and use the result as your study map.

Now test yourself. If you delay, do you lose your momentum?

Yes, you can delay and lose your momentum. Is the low score a punishment or a study map? You can use the result as your study map. What do you lose if you cancel?

If you cancel, you lose the fee. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. But it keeps you in the game, keeps your momentum, and shows you exactly what to fix next.

So don't ask which choice feels comfortable. Ask which choice keeps your journey moving forward.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> Does sitting the exam keep your momentum?

Yes. It keeps you in the game and keeps your momentum. Should you ask which choice feels comfortable or which keeps you moving?

Ask which choice keeps your journey moving forward. What does the exam show you?

It shows you exactly what to fix next.

The grammar we practice today, past perfect. Ben Horowitz was running a young internet company called LoudCloud, which he had started with friends. It helped other businesses run their websites, and for a while, money had been easy to find. The investors who had loved internet companies had run away. Since the bubble had burst, public

investors wanted nothing to do with internet companies. Congratulations. You practiced 423 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Great job.

That's amazing.

And that's such an amazing thing. One of the greatest books, the principles.

That's what it covers. That's what it talks about. The year he was wrong. >> The year he was wrong. From the book Principles by Ray Dallio. Prediction. Reflection. Assume disagree. Depression. Formula. Handful. head for arrogance national. Today, Ray Dallio is known as the man who built the biggest hedge fund in the world.

Leaders around the world have asked for his opinion and his book principles has sold millions.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Did Ray Dallio build the biggest hedge fund in the world?

Yes, he built the biggest hedge fund in the world. Has his book sold thousands or millions?

His book Principles has sold millions. Who has asked for his opinion?

leaders around the world have asked for his opinion. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> I think the real story is more useful than the success. It starts with a very public mistake.

in 1982. He was a young investor with a small company and a handful of employees.

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Did he have a handful of employees in 1982?

Yes. In 1982, he had a small company and a handful of employees. Does the real story start with a success or a mistake? It starts with a very public mistake. What was he in 1982?

He was a young investor with a small company. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> He assumed that the American economy was heading for a crash, perhaps even a depression.

He said so on national television and he even explained his view to the United States Congress.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Did he assume the economy was heading for a crash?

Yes. He assumed it was heading for a crash, perhaps even a depression. Did he say so on national television or only to friends? He said so on national television. Where did he explain his view?

He explained his view to the United States Congress. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> By the time the market turned, he had already bet his money and his reputation on that prediction.

Instead of a depression, the market started one of the longest rises in American history. [cheering]

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. Had he already bet his money when the market turned?

Yes. By the time the market turned, he had already bet his money. Did the market start a depression or a long rise?

Instead of a depression, the market started a long rise. What had he bet on that prediction?

He had bet his money and his reputation on that prediction. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. He could not pay the handful of people he had hired, so he let them all go.

His company shrank to one person, himself. He even had to borrow money from his father to pay the family bills.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. Could he pay the people he had hired?

No, he could not pay the handful of people he had hired. Did his company grow or shrink? His

company shrank to one person, himself. Why did he let his people go?

He let them go because he could not pay them. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> He even [sighs] thought about giving up and taking an ordinary job on Wall Street.

After failing on national television, many people would hide, protecting their pride and blaming bad luck.

>> Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. Did he think about taking an ordinary job?

Yes, he even thought about an ordinary job on Wall Street. After failing on national television, would many people hide or ask why

many people would hide protecting their pride? What would many people blame?

Many people would blame bad luck. >> Now back to the story. >> He did something harder. He asked himself why he had been so sure and so wrong. His

answer changed his life. He saw that the real problem had not been one bad prediction. It had been his arrogance.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Had he been so sure and so wrong

is he asked himself why he had been so sure and so wrong. Had the real problem been one bad prediction or his arrogance?

The real problem had been [snorts] his arrogance. What did he ask himself?

He asked himself why he had been so sure. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> He writes that he stopped assuming he was right and started asking how he could know.

So he started looking for the smartest people who disagreed with him and he listened to them.

Did that make sense? Now let's check. Did he stop assuming he was right?

Yes. He stopped assuming he was right. Did he look for people who agreed or disagreed with him?

He looked for the smartest people who disagreed with him. What did he start asking?

He started asking how he could know. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. He built a company where anyone could disagree with anyone, including the boss.

Slowly the business came back. Then it kept growing into the giant it is today. All

right, time to prove you're focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Could anyone disagree with the boss in his company?

Yes, anyone could disagree with anyone, including the boss. [clears throat] Did the business come back slowly or quickly? Slowly the business came back. What did the business become?

It kept growing into the giant it is today. Now stories calling us. Let's continue. >> Years later, he turned what he had learned into a short formula. Pain plus reflection equals progress.

pain alone does not complete the formula. Without reflection, people keep heading for the same mistakes.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did he turn what he had learned into a formula? [clears throat]

Yes. He turned what he had learned into a short formula. Is the formula pain plus reflection or pain alone?

The formula is pain plus reflection. What happens to people without reflection?

Without reflection, people keep heading for the same mistakes. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. Think about your last English test or the last conversation in English that went badly.

It probably hurt a little. Arrogance says the test was unfair. Reflection asks what the pain is showing you.

>> Okay, questions time. Does arrogance say the test was unfair?

Yes. Arrogance [laughter] says the test was unfair. Does reflection blame the test or ask what the pain shows? Reflection asks what the pain is showing you. What should you think about?

Think about your last English test that went badly. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> Write down one mistake you made. Then find someone who can tell you why it happened. Remember the man behind the biggest hedge fund in the world? His success began with the year he was

most wrong.

Your own progress may start the same way with the mistake you write down tonight.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. Did his success begin with his most wrong year?

Yes. His success began with the year he was most wrong. Should you write down one mistake or forget it? Write down one mistake you made. Who should you find?

Find someone who can tell you why it happened.

The grammar we practice today, past perfect versus past simple. By the time the market turned, he had already bet his money and his reputation on that prediction. He could not pay the handful of people he had hired, so he let them all go. He asked himself why he had been so sure and so wrong.

He saw that the real problem had not been one bad prediction.

Congratulations. You practiced 417 words in this story and you learned a lot. Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.

That's That's super great. for

internet.

foreign.

Allah.

Awesome.

>> [laughter]

>> speaking skills.

and so on.

How to stop worrying and start living.

15 hours. 15 hours from the book How to Stop Worrying and Start Living by Dale Cariegi. Submarine. Scar. Forid. Afford. Promote. Constant. Sailor. Navy. Fan. Hate. Boom. The whole submarine shakes and the lights flicker in the hot narrow room. [clears throat]

It is 1945 and the boat is hiding deep under the sea of Southeast Asia.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Does the whole submarine shake?

Yes. The whole submarine shakes and the lights flicker. Is the boat hiding under the sea or on the surface?

The boat is hiding deep under the sea. What year is it? It is 1945. Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next part. >> A young Navy sailor called Robert Moore lies still in the dark with the rest of the crew. [sighs]

Above them, an enemy ship is dropping depth charges. Bombs that explode under the water.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Is Robert Moore a Navy sailor? >> Yes, he is a young Navy sailor. Is the enemy ship above them or below them?

The enemy ship is above them, dropping depth charges. What are depth charges?

They are bombs that explode under the water. All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's [clears throat] go to the next part of the story. >> Each one seems closer. The crew has turned off the fans and the cooling to stay silent.

Without the fans, the air is hot and heavy. Yet he is [sighs] shivering with fear under a thick jacket.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Has the crew turned off the fans?

Yes, the crew has turned off the fans to stay silent. Without the fans, is the air cool or hot?

Without the fans, the air is hot and heavy. Why is he shivering? He is shivering with fear. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Boom. Another one. His teeth are shaking. He is sure the next one will be the last.

Hours pass. Every sailor waits in silence. And still the attack does not stop.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Does the attack stop after an hour?

No. Hours pass and still the attack does not stop. Does every sailor shout or wait in silence? Every sailor waits in silence. What is he sure of?

He is sure the next one will be the last see English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Lying there he thinks about his life before the Navy when he used to work in a bank.

He remembers the things that used to keep him awake. None of them was a bomb.

>> Okay, questions time. Did bombs used to keep him awake?

No. None of the things that used [sighs and gasps] to keep him awake was a bomb. Did he used to work in a bank or on a ship? Before the Navy, he used to work in a bank. What does he remember?

He remembers the things that used to keep him awake. >> Nice one. Let's continue. He would worry about his long hours and low pay and that he would never be promoted.

He could not afford a house or a new car. He used to hate his boss's constant complaints.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Would he worry about his low pay?

Yes, he would worry about his long hours and low pay. Could he afford a house or not?

He could not afford a house or a new car. What did he used to hate?

He used to hate his boss's constant complaints. >> Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue. >> He would even worry about a small scar on his forehead from an old car accident.

Now in the dark all those worries look tiny. The house he could not afford. The constant complaints all seem almost funny.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Would he even worry about a small scar?

Yes, he would even worry about a small scar on his forehead. Now, do those worries look huge or tiny?

Now in the dark, all those worries look tiny. Where was the scar? The scar was on his forehead. >> Now back to the story. >> So deep under the sea, he makes a quiet promise to himself.

If he ever sees the sun and the stars again, he will never [music] worry like that again.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Does he make a promise to himself?

>> Yes. Deep under the sea, he makes a quiet promise to himself. Is his promise loud or quiet? He makes a quiet promise. What does he promise?

If he sees the sun again, he will never worry like that again. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> After 15 hours, the explosions stop. The enemy ship has used up all of its depth charges.

Slowly the engines start again. The submarine moves away and the crew is alive.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. Do the explosions stop after 15 hours?

Yes. After [snorts] 15 hours, the explosions stop. Does the submarine sink or move away?

The submarine moves away and the crew is alive. Why do the explosions stop?

The enemy ship has used up all of its depth charges. Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Years later, he told his story to a writer who collected true stories about worry.

He said that those 15 hours had taught him more about living than 15 years of books.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did he tell his story to a writer?

Yes. Years later, he told his story to a writer. Did those hours teach him more than books or less?

Those 15 hours taught him more than 15 years of books. What kind of stories did the writer collect?

The writer collected true stories about worry. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. The low pay and the long wait to be promoted were still at home. His view of them had changed.

Most of our worries are small. We often see their true size only when something big arrives.

>> Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. Was the weight to be promoted still at home?

Yes. The low pay and the long wait to be promoted were still at home. Had his problems changed or his view of them? His view of them had changed. [clears throat] When do we see the true size of our worries?

We see their true size when something big arrives. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> We don't need a war to learn that. We can borrow his 15 hours instead.

Think of what is worrying you most today. Maybe it is a grammar mistake or an exam score.

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Do we need a war to learn that?

No. We don't need a war to learn that. Should we wait for a war or borrow his 15 hours?

We can borrow his 15 hours instead. What might be worrying you most today?

Maybe it is a grammar mistake or an exam score. Now, this is the last part. Let's bring it home. >> Maybe you hate speaking English in front of others because you might sound silly.

Now ask yourself honestly, is this a real danger or just a small scar on my forehead?

the last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. >> Do you hate speaking English in front of others?

Yes, maybe I hate speaking English in front of others. Is your worry a real danger or a small scar?

It is just a small scar on my forehead. What should you ask yourself honestly?

Is this a real danger or just a small scar?

The grammar we practice today, used to versus would. Lying there, he thinks about his life before the Navy when he used to work in a bank. He remembers the things that used to keep him awake. He would worry about his long hours and low pay and that he would never be promoted. He used to hate his boss's constant

complaints.

Congratulations. You practice 429 words in this story and you learned a lot. Fabulous.

That was it. I I really really appreciate you practicing your English and learning something new. AI 2041

10 years too early. >> 10 years too early from the book AI 2041 by Kyu Lee and Chen Chuan. Opponent, intelligent, universe, commentator, atom, unusually. Continue. Sharp, irony, far away. A computer program sat in London playing a game against itself millions of times.

A small team had built it to master the ancient board game of go. They called it Alpha Go.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in [clears throat] sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Did the program play against itself?

Yes, it played a game against itself millions of times. Did a small team or a big crowd build it? A small team had built it. What did they call the program?

They called it Alpha Go. Now back to the story. >> Go looks simple. Two players take turns placing black and white stones on a board of lines.

Yet there are more possible games than atoms in the universe. Count every atom [laughter] and the games still win.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Are there more possible games than atoms in the universe?

Yes, there are more possible games than atoms in the universe. Does go look simple or difficult? Go look simple. What do the two players place on the board?

They place black and white stones on a board of lines. >> Now stories calling us. Let's continue. >> Computers had beaten chess champions years before. In a universe that big, people said a computer would be lost.

Many experts felt safe. They said a computer would need about 10 more years to beat a top player.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Did people say a computer would be lost?

Yes. People said a computer would be lost in a universe that big. Would a computer need 10 more years or 10 more days?

They said a computer would need about 10 more years. What had computers beaten years before?

Computers had beaten chess champions years before. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. In March 2016 in Seoul, Alph Go faced Lee Sidal, one of the greatest Go players alive.

Before the match, he said he was going to win clearly. Millions of people watched.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. Did Lee Doll say he was going to lose?

No. He said he was going to win. Clearly, did the match happen in Soul or in London?

In March 2016, Alph Go faced Lee Sidal in soul. Who was Lee Sidal?

He was one of the greatest go players alive. Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> The computer won the first game. In the second, it played an unusually bold move.

Some commentators thought it was a mistake. It was brilliant and nobody had seen it coming.

>> Okay, questions time. Did the computer win the first game?

Yes, the computer won the first game. Was the unusually bold move a mistake or brilliant?

It was brilliant and nobody had seen it coming. What did some commentators think?

Some commentators [laughter] thought it was a mistake. >> Okay, now listening mode. Lee Sid Doll stared at the board and took an unusually long time to reply. Then he continued the fight.

Alph Go won that game and the third. The match was decided years before the experts date.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Did Lee Sidal continue the fight?

Yes, he took an unusually long time. Then he continued the fight. Was the match decided before or after the expert state.

The match was decided years before the experts date. Which games did Alph Go win?

Alph Go won that game and the third. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> In the fourth game, the champion found a sharp move his opponent did not expect and won. >> [applause]

>> That single win meant a lot to people. Still, the final score was 4 to one for the machine.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did the champion win the fourth game?

Yes, he found a sharp move his opponent did not expect and won. Was the final score 4 to one for the machine or for the man?

The final score was 4 to one for the machine. What did the champion find in the fourth game?

He found a sharp move his opponent did not expect. Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Go back to the experts who said 10 years. They were intelligent, careful people.

They used the past to predict the future. The past said machines would stay slow at this. The past was wrong.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Were the experts intelligent, careful people?

Yes, they were intelligent, careful people. Did the past say machines would stay slow or get fast?

The past said machines would stay slow at this. What did the experts use to predict the future?

They used the past to predict the future. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Three years later, Lee Sidal retired from Professional Go. He said AI was an opponent that could not be defeated.

The irony is sharp. The experts and commentators who knew the game best were among the most surprised.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Did Lee Sadal retire three years later?

Yes. 3 years later he retired from professional go. Were the commentators among the most surprised or the least?

The experts and commentators were among the most surprised. What did he say AI was?

He said AI was an opponent that could not be defeated. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Since then, the pattern has continued. AI now writes, draws, codes, and answers questions in seconds.

Each time, many experts said the day would still be far away. Each time it arrived sooner.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Has the pattern continued since then?

Yes. Since then, the pattern has continued. Did the day arrive sooner or later than experts said. Each time it arrived sooner. What did many experts say? Each time

they said the day would still be far away. >> That was amazing. Now let's continue and enjoy the story. The point is not to fear the machine. Just don't repeat the irony of thinking the change is far away.

Remember the fourth game too. An intelligent human who had prepared deeply found what the machine had missed.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. Is the point to fear the machine?

No. The point is not to fear the machine. Did the human find what the machine had missed or miss it too?

An intelligent human who had prepared deeply found what the machine had missed. What irony should you not repeat?

Don't repeat the irony of thinking the change is far away. >> Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part. Basically, let's continue. >> Your work will probably change sooner than experts say. The people who learn to use AI first will lead that change.

carry one question today. Which part of my work could a machine do in 10 years? And what am I learning now? Here's

the last questions. I want you to give them everything you've got. >> Will the people who use AI first lead the change?

Yes, the people who learn to use AI first will lead that change. Will your work change sooner or later than experts say?

Your work will probably change sooner than experts say. What question should you carry today?

Which part of my work could a machine do in 10 years?

The grammar we practice today, future in the past. In a universe that big, people said a computer would be lost. They said a computer would need about 10 more years to beat a top player. Before the match, he said he was going to win. Clearly, the past said machines would stay slow at this.

Congratulations. You practiced 426 words in this story and you learned a lot.

That's amazing. That's that's such a beautiful opportunity. Atomic habit.

I think. Okay.

Ooh, the soup that smelled good. The soap that smelled good from the book Atomic Habits by James Clear. Immediately pleasure. Remarkable. Instant. Frightening. Premium. Bubble. Crowded. Pneumonia. Stomach. Karachi Pakistan. 2002. In crowded neighborhoods at the edge of the city, children were getting sick again and again.

Many had diarrhea, a stomach illness, or pneumonia, a serious illness of the lungs. [cough]

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Were the neighborhoods at the edge of the city crowded?

Yes. The neighborhoods at the edge of the city were crowded. Was diarrhea a stomach illness or a lung illness?

Diarrhea was a [sighs and gasps] stomach illness. What was pneumonia?

Pneumonia was a serious illness of the lungs. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> A public health researcher named Steven Lubie wanted to protect these families. His tool was simple. Soap.

There was one problem. When people know that they should wash their hands, they still often skip it.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Was Steven Lubiey's tool complicated?

No, his tool was simple. Soap. Did Lubie want to protect the families or blame them? He wanted to protect these families. What happens when people know they should wash their hands?

When people know that they should wash their hands, they still often skip it. >> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next part. >> What would you do? How would you get busy families to wash their hands many times a day?

Most of us would reach for the usual answers, give lectures, show frightening pictures, explain germs again.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Would most of us show frightening pictures?

Yes. Most of us would show frightening pictures. Is the question about busy families or rich families? The question is about busy families. What are the usual answers?

give lectures, show frightening pictures, and explain germs again. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Luby's team did teach good habits and workers visited the crowded homes every week. But they also did something unusual.

With a big soap company, they gave families a premium soap, the kind people buy as a treat.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Did workers visit the crowded homes every week?

Yes, workers visited the crowded homes every week. Was the soap cheap or premium?

It was a premium soap, the kind people buy as a treat. Who gave families the soap?

Luby's team with a big soap company gave families the soap. Great job. Now, back to the story. >> It made thick bubbles easily, and it smelled fresh and pleasant. Using it felt good immediately. [clears throat]

For many families, handwashing stopped being a boring rule and became a small enjoyable moment.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Did the soap make thick bubbles?

Yes. It made thick bubbles easily. Did using it feel good immediately or much later?

Using it felt good immediately. What did handwashing become?

Handwashing became a small enjoyable moment. >> That was amazing. Now let's continue and enjoy the story. >> The results were remarkable. In the homes with soap, diarrhea, the stomach illness, fell by about half among children.

Pneumonia among the youngest children also fell by about half.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Were the results disappointing?

>> No. The results were remarkable. Did diarrhea fall by about half or by a little?

Diarrhea, the stomach illness, fell by about half among children. What happened to pneumonia among the youngest children?

Pneumonia among the youngest children also fell by about half. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> In Atomic Habits, James Clear points to a remarkable detail in this study that most people miss.

The families already knew that handwashing was important. When people already know the facts, more information changes little.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. Does James Clear point to a remarkable detail?

Yes. He points to a remarkable detail that most people miss. Was handwashing news to the families or did they already know?

The families already knew that handwashing was important. What happens when people already know the facts?

When people already know the facts, more information changes little. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> They needed a reason to enjoy the habit now, not only a frightening picture of illness later.

the premium soap gave them that reason. Every wash brought an instant reward. Thick bubbles, soft hands, and a nice smell.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Did they only need a frightening picture of illness?

No, they needed a reason to enjoy the habit. Now, was the reward instant or slow?

Every wash brought an instant reward. What was the instant reward?

The instant reward was thick bubbles, soft hands, and a nice smell. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Lubby did not blame the families or lecture them harder. He served them by making the healthy choice, the pleasant one.

Clear calls this the cardinal rule of behavior change. What is immediately rewardings is repeated.

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Did Lubie blame the families?

>> No. Lubby did not blame the families. Did he make the healthy choice the pleasant one or the hard one?

He made the healthy choice, the pleasant one. What does Clear's cardinal rule say?

What is immediately rewarded is repeated. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> The health came weeks later. The pleasure came first and it kept people washing until the health arrived.

English works the same way. If fluency is months away, practice feels empty today.

>> Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now, it's over to you to answer them. Did the pleasure come first?

Yes. The pleasure came first and the health came weeks later. Does English work the same way or a different way? English works the same way. How does practice feel if fluency is months away?

If fluency is months away, practice feels empty today. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> If your brain gets no instant reward today, it quietly chooses something easier. Here

is a small experiment for this week. Tie your English practice to something you truly enjoy.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> If your brain gets no instant reward, does it choose something easier?

Yes. If your brain gets no instant reward today, it quietly chooses something easier. Is the experiment for this week or for next year? The experiment is for this week. What should you tie your English practice to? Tie it to something you truly enjoy. That's it. This is the last part of a story. Give it your best.

>> Shadow a story only while drinking your favorite tea. Or practice with a topic you love.

After each session, give yourself one small pleasure you like. A short walk or a call to a friend.

At the week's end, ask yourself, when practice ends with a pleasure, does it feel like the soap?

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Should you drink your favorite tea while you shadow a story?

Yes. Shadow a story only while drinking your favorite tea. After each session, do you give yourself a pleasure or a test?

After each session, give yourself one small pleasure you like. What should you ask yourself at the week's end?

Ask yourself, when practice ends with a pleasure, does it feel like the soap?

The grammar we practice today, zero conditional. When people know that they should wash their hands, they still often skip it. When people already know the facts, more information changes little. If fluency is months away, practice feels empty today. If your brain gets no instant reward today, it quietly chooses something easier. Congratulations.

You practiced 427 words in this story and you learned a lot. Super proud of you.

This is great. Uh, let's keep it up. Awesome.

At the same time, my name is Muhammad. I am from Bahin. I am 18 years old. I study medicine in Royal College of Surgeons in Irand.

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growth mindset.

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refused >> the course they refused from the book Mindset by Carol S. Dwick ability weakness embarrassing turn down mindset certain mostly look smart show up sign up here is a puzzle Try to solve it yourself before you hear the answer.

At the University of Hong Kong, everything happens in English. classes, books, and exams all use it.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Does everything happen in English at the University of Hong Kong?

Yes. At the University of Hong Kong, everything happens in [clears throat] English. Should you solve the puzzle yourself or wait for the answer?

Try to solve it yourself before you hear the answer. What uses English at the university,

classes, books, and exams all use English. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Some students arrive with weak English. For them, every lecture is harder and every exam is a risk.

Carol Dwek, a psychologist at Stanford, describes a study with these students in her book, Mindset.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? Is every lecture easier for students with weak English?

No. For them every lecture is harder and every exam is a risk. Is Carol Dwek a psychologist? or an English teacher. Carol Dwek is a psychologist at Stanford. What is the name of Dwek's book? Her book is called Mindset. Nice one. Let's continue. The researchers asked new students a simple question. If the university offered an English

course, [clears throat] would you take it?

Among

the students with weak English, which ones said no? Take a guess.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. If the university offered an English course, would you take it?

Yes. If the university offered an English course, I would take it. Did the researchers ask old students or new students?

The researchers asked new students a simple question. Which students does the puzzle ask about?

It asks which students with weak English said no. >> Now back to the story. >> The obvious guess is the lazy ones, the students who did not care about grades.

That is not what the researchers found. The answer depended on how each student thought about ability.

Okay, questions time. >> Is the obvious guess the lazy ones?

>> Yes. The obvious guess is the lazy ones. Did the hamster depend on grades or on ideas about ability?

The answer depended on how each student thought about ability. In the obvious guess, who did not care about grades?

In the obvious guess, the lazy students did not care about grades. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. The researchers had also measured this. Some believed intelligence is fixed. You have a certain amount and that is all.

Others believed ability grows with effort and learning. Dwek calls this a growth mindset. Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Did some students believe intelligence is fixed?

Yes, some believed intelligence is fixed. You have a certain amount and that is all. In a growth mindset, does ability grow with effort or with luck?

In a growth mindset, ability grows with effort and learning. What does Dwek call this belief?

Dwek calls this a growth mindset. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. Among the weak students, the ones with a growth mindset, mostly said yes. They wanted the course.

The ones with a fixed mindset were mostly not very interested. Many turn down the help they needed.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did the growth mindset students mostly say yes?

Yes. The ones with a growth mindset mostly said yes. Did the fixed mindset students take the help or refuse it? Many turn down the help they needed. who turned down the help they needed.

Many students with a fixed mindset turned down the help they needed. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. Their degrees depended on English and they refused to improve it.

The missing clue is this. For a fixed mindset, a basic course feels like an embarrassing public announcement. I am not good enough.

>> Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Did their degrees depend on English?

Yes, their degrees depended on English to a fixed mindset. Does a basic course feel embarrassing or exciting?

For a fixed mindset, a basic course feels like an embarrassing public announcement. What does the public announcement say?

It says I am not good enough. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> If you had only a certain amount of ability, showing a weakness would be dangerous.

If they signed up, everyone would see their weakness. So they chose to look smart today, even if it made them weaker tomorrow.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. If ability were a certain amount, would a weakness be dangerous?

Yes. If you had only a certain amount of ability, showing a weakness would be dangerous. If they signed up, would everyone see their weakness or their effort?

If they signed up, everyone would see their weakness. What did they choose to do today?

They chose to look smart today, even if it made them weaker tomorrow. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Hiding a weakness does not make it smaller. It only keeps it away from the help that could fix it.

Many of us do the same with English. We stay quiet in meetings because we want to look smart. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. >> Does hiding a weakness make it smaller?

No. Hiding a weakness does not make it smaller. Do we speak up in meetings or stay quiet?

We stay quiet in meetings because we want to look smart. Where does hiding keep a weakness?

It keeps it away from the help that could fix it. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> If our company offered a free English class tomorrow, many of us would turn down the offer.

We avoid the speaking test. We tell people our English is fine. And we never sign up for the class.

Great. Speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. >> If our company offered a free class, would we take it?

>> No. Many of us would turn down the offer. Do we sign up for the class or avoid it? We never sign up for the class. What do we tell people about our English?

We tell people our English is fine. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Try this recipe this week. First, write down the one English skill you hide the most.

Second, find one class teacher or partner for that exact skill. Even if asking feels embarrassing,

>> let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Is the recipe for this week

Yes. Try this recipe this week. Do you write down the skill you hide or the skill you love?

Write down the one English skill you hide the most. What should you find? Even if asking feels embarrassing.

Find one class, teacher or partner for that exact skill. >> That's it. This is the last part of the story. Give it your best. Third, show up and make your mistakes where someone can hear them and correct them.

If you showed up like this for a month, you would hear the difference yourself.

For a few weeks, it will feel like weakness. In fact, it is the first sign your English is growing.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. >> Should you hide your mistakes?

No. Show up and make your mistakes where someone can hear them. If you showed up for a month, would you hear the difference or not?

If you showed up like this for a month, you would hear the difference yourself. How will it feel for a few weeks? For a few weeks, it will feel like weakness.

The grammar we practice today, second conditional. If the university offered an English course, would you take it? If you had only a certain amount of ability, showing a weakness would be dangerous. If they signed up, everyone would see their weakness. If our company offered a free English class tomorrow, many of us would turn

down the offer.

Congratulations. You practiced 428 words in this story and you learned a lot.

TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a lot of things.

That's that this is the right way. That's amazing. The first 20 hours

skating skates.

I will come.

40 minutes a day. 40 minutes a day from the book The First 20 Hours by Josh Kaufman. Article, competitive, athlete, reasonably acceptable, roughly lack original, fulltime. Leave out. Imagine a new baby asleep. A father at the door, [sighs] very happy and very tired.

He is Josh Calfman, a business writer. His book, The First 20 Hours, begins in this season.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Is the father very tired?

Yes, her father is very happy and very tired. [gasps] Is Josh Kaufman a business writer or a doctor?

He is Josh Calfman, a business writer. What is the name of his book?

His book is the first 20 hours. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> The first weeks, like any new parent, [crying] he lives in short pieces of time. He wishes the days were longer.

Before

the baby, he loved learning and kept a long list of skills to try.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. Does he wish the days were longer?

Yes. He wishes the days were longer. Before the baby, did he love learning or hate it? before the baby. He loved learning. What did he keep before the baby?

He kept a long list of skills to try. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> The list is still there. The free time is not and he wishes he had more of it.

A few months later, he wants to learn again. He looks for the fastest way to get good.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Does he have lots of free time now?

No. The free time is not there and he wishes he had more of it. Does he look for the fastest way or the slowest way? He looks for the fastest way to get good. What does he wish? He wishes he had more free time. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> 10,000

hours. Everywhere he reads the same number. That is how long a skill takes. The articles say,

he does the math. That is a full-time job for roughly 5 years. Impossible with a baby at home.

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Do the article say a skill takes 10,000 hours?

Yes, that is how long a skill takes. The articles [gasps] say, is it a full-time job for roughly 5 years or one year?

It is a full-time job for roughly five years. Why is it impossible for him? [clears throat]

It is impossible with a baby at home. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> You might think that is fair. At first, he thinks so, too, and wishes it were not true.

Then he reads the original research carefully and notices something the popular articles leave out.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Does he wish it were not true?

Yes. At first he thinks so too. and wishes it were not true. Does he read the original research or only the popular articles?

He reads the original research carefully. What do the popular articles do?

The popular articles leave out something. Here's odd. Now let's come to the next part. >> The original studies were about the very top of competitive fields like worldclass chess players and athletes.

He does not need to be the best in a competitive field. only reasonably good quickly.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. Were the original studies about beginners?

No, they were about the very top of competitive fields. Were the studies about chess players and athletes or about parents?

They were about worldclass chess players and athletes. How good does he need to be?

He only needs to be reasonably good quickly. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. So his goal changes not how to become an expert but how to become good enough.

The next months he studies how people learn fast and tests the ideas on himself.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. Does his goal change?

Yes, his goal changes. Does he want to become an expert or good enough? He wants to become good enough. Who does he test the ideas on? He tests the ideas on himself. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> He sees that the first hours of practice bring the biggest jump from terrible to

acceptable.

20 hours. That is his estimate for getting there. Roughly 40 minutes a day for 1 month.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. Do the first hours bring the biggest jump?

Yes. The first hours of practice bring the biggest jump. Is the jump from terrible to acceptable or from good to perfect?

The jump is from terrible to acceptable. How many minutes a day is 20 hours?

It is roughly 40 minutes a day for one month. That [clears throat] was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> 20 hours will not make you an expert. It makes you acceptable past the painful beginning where most people quit.

He breaks each skill into small parts, practices the most important first and removes distractions.

Okay, questions time. >> Will 20 hours make you an expert?

No. 20 hours will not make you an expert. Does it make you acceptable or perfect?

It makes you acceptable past the painful beginning. What does he remove? He removes distractions. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Notice what made this possible. It was not extra time. The lack of time pushed him to learn smarter.

Maybe you have a full-time job, a family, or long days at university. You wish you had more time.

Now test yourself. >> Did extra time make this possible?

No. The lack of time pushed him to learn smarter. Do you wish you had more time or less time? You wish you had more time. What kind of job might you have?

Maybe you have a full-time job. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> English sits at the bottom of your list, waiting for free time that never comes.

You are not training to be a worldclass athlete. You need a clear target and protected time.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Does free time for English ever come?

No. English [clears throat] waits for free time that never comes. Do you need a clear target or more free time?

You need a clear target and protected time. Where does English sit on your list? English sits at the bottom of your list. >> That's it. This is the last part of the story. Give it your best. >> Choose one small part of English like introducing yourself and leave out everything else for now.

Give it 40 minutes today. Phone in another room. Aim to be reasonably good, not perfect.

Think again about that tired father. His lack of time did not stop him. He used the time he had.

One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Should you leave out everything else for now?

Yes. Choose one small part of English and leave out everything else for now. Should you aim to be perfect or reasonably good?

Aim to be reasonably good, not perfect. What did the tired father do?

He used the time he had. His lack of time did not stop him.

The grammar we practice today wish plus past simple. He wishes the days were longer. The free time is not and he wishes he had more of it. At first he thinks so too and wishes it were not true. You wish you had more time.

>> Congratulations. You practiced 432 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's another story in your pocket. And you know stories stick.

Awesome. Atomic habit.

I think that's okay.

The quiet fridge. The quiet fridge from the book Atomic Habits by James Clear. Soda. Surroundings. Poster. Ban. Register. Basket. Thirsty. Sugar. Fridge. Takeaway. In a busy hospital cafeteria in Boston, the fridges by the cash registers held only one drink, soda,

Dr. Anne Thorndike worked at this hospital, Massachusetts General, one of the most famous hospitals in America.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. Did the fridges hold only soda?

Yes. The fridges by the cash registers held only one drink, soda. Did Dr. Thorndike work at a hospital or a school?

She worked at this hospital, Massachusetts General. Where were the fridges?

The fridges were by the cash registers. >> Now, back to the story. >> Every day, thousands of doctors, nurses, and visitors ate there, and many thirsty people chose sugary soda.

doctors spend years telling people to eat better. Yet in their own building, sweet drinks were often the easiest choice.

Now test yourself. >> Did many thirsty people choose sugary soda?

Yes, many thirsty people chose sugary soda. Were sweet drinks the easiest choice or the hardest choice? Sweet drinks were often the easiest choice. What do doctors spend years telling people?

Doctors spend years telling people to eat better. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part >> that mattered. Too much sugar day after day can slowly harm a person's health.

What would you do? Pause before you hear her answer.

You could put up posters about sugar. You could give talks or make soda more expensive.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Can too much sugar harm a person's health?

Yes. Too much sugar day after day can slowly harm a person's health. Could you put up posters or hide the fridges? You could put up posters about sugar. What could you do to the price of soda? You could make soda more expensive. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue.

>> You could even ban soda completely. Each idea needs money, new rules, or a lot of arguing with people.

Thornike and her team tried something much quieter than a poster. It was so small that most people never noticed.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Could you ban soda completely?

Yes, you could even ban soda completely. Did Thornyke's team try something loud or something quiet?

They tried something much quieter than a poster. How many people noticed the change?

It was so small that most people never noticed. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> They did not touch the soda. Bottled water was simply added to every fridge by the cash registers.

Baskets of bottled water were also placed next to the food stations around the room.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Was the soda taken away?

No, they did not touch the soda. Was bottled water added or was the soda removed?

Bottled water was simply added to every fridge by the cash registers. Where were the baskets of water placed?

Baskets of bottled water were placed next to the food stations. Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Nobody was told about the change. Nobody's choices were taken away. The soda was still there. People

walked in thirsty and reached for the nearest drink in a fridge or a basket.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Was anybody told about the change?

No. Nobody was told about the change. Were people's choices taken away or was the soda still there?

Nobody's choices were taken away. The soda was still there. What did thirsty people reach for?

They reached for the nearest drink in a fridge or a basket. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. Over the next 3 months, the team counted what people actually bought.

Soda sales fell by about 11%. Sales of bottled water rose by almost 26%.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Did the team count what people bought?

Yes. Over the next three months, the team counted what people actually bought. Did soda sales fall or rise?

Soda sales fell by about 11%. How much did sales of bottled water rise?

Sales of bottled water rose by almost 26%. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. Nobody had changed their mind about sugar. The room had simply changed what their hands reached for.

James Clear shares this quiet experiment in his book Atomic Habits as proof of a simple idea.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Did people change their mind about sugar?

No. Nobody had changed their mind about sugar. Did the room change their hands or their minds?

The room had simply changed what their hands reached for. Who shares this quiet experiment?

James Clear shares it in his book, Atomic Habits. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> We usually think a habit is a battle of willpower. Often, it is only a question of what is nearest.

Change the room and the habit follows. Your surroundings make many of your choices before you do.

every sentence. Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Is a habit always a battle of willpower?

No. Often it is only a question of what is nearest. Do your surroundings make your choices before you or after you.

Your surroundings make many of your choices before you do. What follows when you change the room?

Change the room and the habit follows. >> Okay. Now listening mode. >> So use the same trick on your own surroundings. First decide which English action you want to happen more often.

Then make it the nearest choice tonight. Put your English book on your pillow where your phone usually lies.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. Should you use the same trick on your own surroundings?

Yes. Use the same trick on your own surroundings. Do you put your English book on your pillow or in a drawer?

Put your English book on your pillow where your phone usually lies. What should you decide first?

First, decide which English action you want to happen more often. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> When you go to bed, the book is in your hand before the phone is.

Leave the phone charging across the room so it takes a few steps to reach.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? Is the phone in your hand first?

No. The book is in your hand before the phone is. Is the phone charging next to the bed or across the room? Leave the phone charging across the room. Why leave the phone across the room? It takes a few steps to reach. Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the

most important part basically. Let's continue. You have not banned anything. Nothing is taken away. Only the nearest choice is changed.

You are not fighting yourself. You are only putting the water next to the cash register.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. Is anything taken away?

No, nothing is taken away. Only the nearest choice is changed. Is the nearest choice changed or banned? >> [clears throat] >> Only the nearest choice is changed. Where are you putting the water?

You are only putting the water next to the cash register.

The grammar we practice today passive present and past simple. Bottled water was simply added to every fridge by the cash registers. Baskets of bottled water were also placed next to the food stations around the room. Nobody was told about the change. Nobody's choices were taken away.

Congratulations. You practiced 416 words in this story and you learned a lot. Finished. That's amazing.

which is great.

So that's amazing.

Deliberate practice.

Yeah, the more you practice, the better you're going to get. Let's jump into the next story, The Map Inside. >> The map inside from the book Peak by Anders Ericson and Robert P. Root. Scan. Adapt. Experienced. Area. Birth. Central by heart. Trainee. Taxi. Look at this map of central London. Thousands of small streets twist and

cross like lines on your hand.

To drive a London black taxi, you must know them all by heart with no map.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Is this a map of central London?

Yes, it is a map of central London. Must taxi drivers [sighs] use a map or know the streets by heart.

They must know them all by heart with no map. What do the small streets look like?

They twist and cross like lines on your hand. >> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next part. The test is called the knowledge. Trainees learn about 25,000 streets and most need three or four years.

They ride small motorbikes around central London in all weather until they see each route in their minds.

>> Now the floor is yours. Let's go. Do trainees learn about 25,000 streets?

Yes. Trainees learn about 25,000 streets. Do they ride motorbikes or bicycles?

They ride small motorbikes around central London. What do they see in their minds?

They see each root in their minds. Good job. Let's continue the story. >> It is so hard that many give up. Only about half of the people who start finally pass.

A scientist in London became curious about these drivers. Her name was Elellanena Maguire.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak. what you have read and listened. >> Do most people pass?

No. Only about half of the people who start finally pass. Was Elellanena Maguire [sighs and gasps] a scientist or a taxi driver?

Elellanena Maguire was a scientist in London. Who was the scientist curious about?

She was curious about these taxi drivers >> now. Story's calling us. Let's continue. >> Her question was simple. Could a person's brain be changed by years of this hard memory work?

The obvious answer is no. Many of us learned that the adult brain is fixed like a finished building.

every sentence. Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Is the obvious answer no? [clears throat] >> Yes. The obvious answer is no. Is the adult brain like a finished building or a growing tree?

Many of us learn that the adult brain is fixed like a finished building. What was Maguire's question? Her

question was, could a person's brain be changed by years of hard memory work? >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> It can be filled with facts, but its shape cannot be changed.

Maguire's team was not sure about that answer. First, they scanned the brains of experienced taxi drivers. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. >> In the old belief, can the brain's shape be changed?

No, it can be filled with facts, but its shape cannot be changed. Did they first scan new drivers or experienced drivers?

First, they scan the brains of experienced taxi drivers. What can the brain be filled with? It can be filled with facts. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. They looked at the hippocampus, an area of the brain which helps us remember places and roots.

In experienced drivers, the back of the hippocampus was larger than in other people.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Is the hippocampus an area of the brain?

Yes, it is an area of the brain which helps us remember places and roots. Inexperienced drivers, was the back of the hippocampus larger or smaller?

In experienced drivers, it was larger than in other people. What does the hippocampus help us remember?

It helps us remember places and roots. >> Okay. Now, listening mode. >> Interesting. But it did not solve the puzzle. Maybe people with bigger memory areas from birth simply chose taxi work.

So the team did something patient. They followed a group of new trainees for about 4 years.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. Did the first finding solve the puzzle?

No, it did not solve the puzzle. Did they follow the trainees for 4 years or 4 months?

They followed a group of new trainees for about 4 years. What did some people maybe have from birth?

Maybe people had bigger memory areas from birth. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> At the start, the trainees brains looked like everyone else's. There was no special difference.

Some of them passed the knowledge, others failed or quit along the way.

Then the scientists scanned them all again. This time they found the missing clue.

>> Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the questions. >> At the start, did the trainee brains look special?

No. At the start, the trainees brains looked like everyone else's. Did all of them pass or did some fail?

Some of them passed the knowledge, others failed or quit along the way. What did the scientists do then? Then the scientists scanned them all again. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. In those who had passed, the back of the hippocampus had grown. In the others, it had not changed.

It was not luck or birth. Years of daily training had pushed the brain to change.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. Had the hippocampus grown in those who passed?

Yes. In those who had passed, the back of the hippocampus had grown. Was it luck or years of daily training?

It was not luck or birth. Years of daily training had pushed the brain to change. What happened in the others? In the others, it had not changed. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Your brain is not a finished building. It can be reshaped when you train it hard and long enough.

Anders Ericson and Robert P call it proof in their book Peak that adult brains can still adapt.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Can your brain be reshaped?

Yes, it can be reshaped when you train it hard long enough. Can adult brains still adapt or are they finished?

Adult brains can still adapt. Who calls it proof in the book peak

and Ericson and Robert Pooh call it proof in their book peak. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> When a new work skill feels slow, remember that your brain needs time to adapt.

Now, look at the map again. Every street those drivers learned has been stored inside their heads.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. Has every street been stored inside the driver's heads?

Yes. Every street those drivers learned has been stored inside their heads. Does your brain need time to adapt or does it change at once? Your brain needs time to adapt. When should you remember this

when a new work skill feels slow? Remember that your brain needs time to adapt. >> Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. Every new word, method, or routine you practice again is a small street on your own map.

Keep driving those streets until you know them by heart. One day you will reach new places in your work without a map.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. Is every new word a small street on your map?

Yes. Every new word you practice again is a small street on your own map. Should you stop or keep driving those streets?

Keep driving those streets until you know them by heart. Where will you reach new places one day?

One day you will reach new places in your work. without a map.

The grammar we practice today, passive, perfect, and modal. Could a person's brain be changed by years of this hard memory work? It can be filled with facts, but its shape cannot be changed. It can be reshaped when you train it hard and long enough. Every street those drivers learned has been stored inside their heads.

Congratulations. You practiced 424 words in this story and you learned a lot. Great job.

That's amazing.

And that's such an amazing thing. So, let me stop you here for a second. people who have

Instagram. Stagram.

forch.

fordul.

It was such a wonderful experience. I'm very grateful to be a part of your course and advise everyone to take part in your course in order to achieve their goals. Uh, and thank you so much for a great effort and inspiring team. Awesome.

But it's something amazing. It's something totally crazy.

fine. Let's go. The servers at midnight. The servers at midnight from the book Elon Musk by Walter Isaxson. Repair Cable damage. Rush. Undo. Row. Normally, cousin panel knife. Many months. That is how long his team says it will take to move Twitter's servers out of Sacramento.

It is 2 days before Christmas. Elon Musk is on his private plane with two young cousins.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Does his team say the move will take many months?

Yes. His team says it will take many months to move the servers. Is it 2 days before Christmas or 2 days after it? It is 2 days before Christmas. Who is on the private plane with Musk?

Two young cousins are on the private plane with him. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> He has owned Twitter for only a few weeks and he wants to cut its costs fast.

One large cost is the data center in Sacramento, a building full of powerful computers called servers.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Has Musk owned Twitter for many years?

No, he has owned Twitter for only a few weeks. Does he want to cut its costs fast or slowly? He wants to cut its costs fast. What is the data center in Sacramento full of?

It is full of powerful computers called servers. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> He does not accept the team's estimate. He has his plane redirected to Sacramento. [clears throat]

That night, the men walk into the huge building. Long rows of machines stand in the cold air.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Does Musk accept the team's estimate?

>> No. He does not account the team's estimate. Does he have his plane redirected to Sacramento or to another city?

He has his plane redirected to Sacramento. What stands in long rows in the cold air?

Long rows of machines stand in the cold air. That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> The servers sit on a raised floor. To reach the cables, someone has to lift heavy floor panels.

They lack the right tools. His cousin James takes out a pocketk knife and uses it to open [gasps] a panel.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Do the servers sit on a raised floor?

Yes. The servers sit on a raised floor. To reach the cables, do they lift floor panels or break the walls?

To reach the cables, someone has to lift heavy floor panels. What does his cousin James use to open a panel?

He uses a pocket knife to open a panel. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> The staff watch the knife and worry. Why do we help? >> Normally, this job needs trained movers and plans.

Musk does not care how things are normally done. He has friends and staff call in to help.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Normally, does this job need trained movers and plans?

Yes. Normally this job needs trained movers and plans. Does Musk have friends and staff called in or does he wait for movers?

He has friends and staff called in to help. What do the staff watch?

The staff watch the knife and they worry. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> He has trucks rented. He has the cables unplugged and the servers lifted out in a rush. Over

that night and the next days, hundreds of machines leave their rows on trucks.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Does Musk have trucks rented?

>> Yes, he has trucks rented. Does he have the servers lifted out slowly or in a rush?

He has the cables unplugged and the servers lifted out in a rush. How many machines leave their rows on trucks?

Hundreds of machines leave their rows on trucks. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> A job planned for months moves forward in days. It looks like a perfect story about speed.

You might say this is exactly what ambitious people should do. Stop planning and start moving.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Does the job take many months?

No. A job planned for months moves forward in days. Does it look like a story about speed or a story about luck?

It looks like a perfect story about speed. What might you say ambitious people should do?

You might say they should stop planning and start moving. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. Wait, the story has a second half and it is less exciting.

Later, parts of Twitter's service failed at times and the company faced problems. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. Does the story have a second half?

Yes. The story has a second half and it is less exciting. Is the second half more exciting or less exciting.

The second half is less exciting. What failed at times later,

parts of Twitter's service failed at times. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Isacson reports that the rushed move caused problems that lasted for months.

For weeks, Twitter had to have the damage repaired by engineers who were not there that night.

Awesome. Quest time. Let's jump into it. >> Did the rushed move cause problems?

Yes, the rushed move caused problems that lasted for months. Did the problems last for days or for months? The problems lasted for months. What did Twitter have to have repaired?

For weeks, Twitter had to have the damage repaired. >> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next part. So, was the night a success or a mistake? Honestly, it was both.

Speed saved money and broke a slow habit. It also did damage that other people had to repair.

>> Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Was the night only a success?

No, it was both a success and a mistake. Did speed save money or waste money?

Speed saved money and broke a slow habit. Who had to repair the damage? Other people had to repair the damage. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Speed wins, but speed is never free. The price usually comes later and someone has to pay it

for you. Speed matters too. The student who starts today beats the student who plans forever.

>> Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. Is speed free?

No. Speed wins, but speed is never free. Does the price come first or later? The price usually comes later. Which student beats the other?

The student who starts today beats the student who plans forever. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Still, a fast start is not a careless one. >> Before you rush, ask what could break.

In English, that means starting your exam preparation tonight and checking the test date and rules carefully. Hey.

>> Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Is a fast start a careless one?

No, a fast start is not a careless one. Before you rush, should you ask what could break or just go?

Before you rush, you should ask what could break. When should you start your exam preparation?

You should start your exam preparation tonight. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. A bad practice essay is easy to repair. A missed exam deadline is much harder to undo.

Keep this oneline rule. Be fast with what you can repair and careful with what you cannot undo.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. Is a bad practice essay easy to repair?

Yes, a bad practice essay is easy to repair. Is a missed exam deadline easy or hard to undo.

A missed exam deadline is much harder to undo. What should you be careful with?

Be careful with what you cannot undo.

The grammar we practice today have something done. He has his plane redirected to Sacramento. He has friends and staff called in to help. He has trucks rented. He has the cables unplugged and the servers lifted out in a rush.

Congratulations. You practiced 426 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.

That's That's super great. Outliers.

The polite words. Polite words from the book outliers by Malcolm Gladwell. Warn hint junior direct culture neutral cockpit senior speak up. agreement. Look at this puzzle. In the 1990s, one airline was losing planes far more often than others.

It was Korean Air, the national airline of South Korea, and its crashes kept coming.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Was one airline losing planes more often than others?

Yes. One airline was losing planes far more often than others. Was it Korean Air or an American airline?

It was Korean Air, the national airline of South Korea. What kept coming? Its crashes kept coming. >> Now back to the story. >> For years, its accident rate was about 17 times higher than a major American airlines.

partner airlines ended their agreement and even the country's president chose another airline.

Now test yourself. >> Was its accident rate lower than an American airlines?

No, it was about 17 times higher. Did partner airlines sign agreements or end their agreements? Partner airlines ended their agreements with it. What did the country's president do?

>> Even the country's president chose another airline. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Play detective for a second. What would you guess is wrong? Old planes, bad weather, weak pilots.

No, its planes were modern and its pilots were well trained.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Were its planes old? No, its planes were modern. Were its pilots weak or well-trained?

Its pilots were welltrained. What does the story ask you to play? You play detective for a second. All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> In 1997, one of its jumbo jets was flying to Guam, a Pacific island at night.

It was raining. The captain was exhausted and a key landing system was not working.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. Was the jumbo jet flying to Guam at night?

Yes, it was flying to Guam, a Pacific island at night. Was the captain rested or exhausted?

The captain was exhausted. What was not working? A key landing system was not working. >> Okay, now listening mode. The co-pilot and the flight engineer could see the danger. They tried to warn the captain.

Listen to the engineer. He said, "Captain, the weather radar has helped us a lot."

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. Could the co-pilot and the engineer see the danger? Yes, they could see the danger. Did they try to warn the captain or stay quiet? They tried to warn the captain. What did the engineer say?

He said that the weather radar had helped them a lot. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> It sounds friendly. Really? He was telling the captain that this was no night to land by sight.

It was a warning wrapped in polite words. The captain did not hear it and the plane flew into a hill.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Was the engineer's comment only friendly?

No, it was a warning wrapped in polite words. Was it a good night or no night to land by sight?

He was telling the captain that this was no night to land by sight. What did the plane fly into? The plane flew into a hill. >> Now stories calling us. Let's continue. Investigators later said that the captain had made serious errors and that the crew had not challenged him.

Experts who studied the recording said that in that culture, juniors spoke to seniors with great respect.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. Did investigators say that the crew had challenged the captain?

No, they said that the crew had not challenged him. In that culture, did juniors speak to seniors with respect or with anger?

Experts said that in that culture, juniors spoke to seniors with great respect. What did investigators say about the captain?

They said that the captain had made serious errors. >> Nice one. Let's continue. Junior pilots hinted at problems instead of stating them directly. In a cockpit, a hint can be deadly.

In 2000, the airline hired David Greenberg from Delta Airlines to run its flight operations.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. Did junior pilots state problems directly?

No. Junior pilots hinted at problems instead of stating them directly. In a cockpit, can a hint be helpful or deadly?

In a cockpit, a hint can be deadly. Who did the airline hire in 2000?

The airline hired David Greenberg from Delta Airlines. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> He did not fire the pilots. He decided they needed a new language for their work.

He told the crews that English would be the official language of the cockpit.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did Greenberg fire the pilots? >> No, he did not fire the pilots. Would the cockpit language be Korean or English?

He told the crews that English would be the official language of the cockpit. What did he decide the pilots needed?

He decided they needed a new language for their work. Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Crews were retrained to speak up clearly, even to a senior captain.

Their culture stayed. English simply gave them a neutral way to speak without the old layers of rank.

>> Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Were crews retrained to speak up clearly?

Yes, crews were retrained to speak up clearly, even to a senior captain. Did their culture stay or disappear? Their culture stayed. What kind of way to speak did English give them?

English gave them a neutral way to speak without the old layers of rank. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Korean Air became one of the safest airlines in the world and partners signed new agreements.

So, the answer to the puzzle was never the planes. It was how people talked.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Did Korean Air become one of the safest airlines?

Yes, it became one of the safest airlines in the world. Did partners sign new agreements or stay away?

Partners sign new agreements. What was the answer to the puzzle?

It was never the planes. It was how people talked. >> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next part. Clear direct English can save lives and many smaller things too.

Many learners hint in English because they fear sounding rude and the listener misses it. Picture

yourself tomorrow in class or at work when something seems wrong.

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Can clear direct English save lives?

Yes, clear, direct English can save lives. Do learners hint because they fear sounding rude or sounding boring?

They hint because they fear sounding rude. What happens to the listener when learners hint? the listener misses it. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> You take a breath and speak up in [snorts] neutral words. I think there is a problem here.

polite, calm, and direct. That single sentence may be the most useful English you ever learn.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. >> Do you speak up in neutral words?

Yes. You take a breath and speak up in neutral words. Is the sentence rude or polite, calm and direct?

It is polite, calm, and direct. What do you say?

You say, "I think there is a problem here.

The grammar we practiced today reported speech statements. Really, he was telling the captain that this was no night to land by sight. Investigators later said that the captain had made serious errors and that the crew had not challenged him. Experts who studied the recording said that in that culture juniors spoke to seniors with great respect.

He told the crews that English would be the official language of the cockpit.

Congratulations. You practiced 423 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Fabulous.

That was it. I I really really appreciate you practicing your English and learning something new. How to win friends and influence people.

It really helps.

Let's jump into the story. Big enough. Big Enough from the book How to Win [sighs] Friends and Influence People by Dale Cariegi. Prison: Hesitation. Scared. Tough prisoner. Dare reform. Cheerful way. warden. Some jobs arrive like a gift. This one arrived like a warning and then like a dare.

At the end of the 1910s, Singh was one of the most feared prisons in America.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Did this job arrive like a gift?

No. It arrived like a warning and then like a dare. Was singing Singh loved or feared?

Singh was one of the most feared prisons in America. When was Singh so feared

at the end of the 1910s? It was one of the most feared prisons. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> It stood beside the Hudson River north of New York City. It was full of prisoners and had no warden.

Stories of scandal came from behind its walls. Wardens came and went, and one lasted three weeks. [clears throat]

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Did Singh have a warden?

>> No, it was full of prisoners and had no warden. Did one warden last 3 weeks or 3 years?

One warden lasted [gasps] three weeks. Where did Sing stand?

It stood beside the Hudson River north of New York City. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> The governor of New York, Al Smith, needed a strong leader there. He sent for Lewis Laws.

Lors had worked in prisons for years. He knew exactly how tough a place sin was.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Did Al Smith need a strong leader there?

Yes. He needed a strong leader there. Did Smith send for laws or go there himself?

He sent for Lewis Laws. How well did Laws know Singh?

He knew exactly how tough a place sing was. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Smith asked him in a cheerful way whether he would go and take charge of singing.

laws did not answer at once. The job was political so it could disappear after the next election.

Awesome. without speaking turn. >> Did Smith ask him whether he would take charge of singing?

Yes. Smith asked him whether he would go and take charge of singing. Did Smith ask in a cheerful way or an angry way? He asked him in a cheerful way, why could the job disappear?

The job was political so it could disappear after the next election. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> He had a career to protect. He wondered whether this dangerous job was really worth the risk.

Weigh it for a second. A safe career. The hard in the state.

>> Now test yourself. Did laws wonder whether the job was worth the risk?

Yes. [sighs and gasps] He wondered whether this dangerous job was really worth the risk. Did he have a career to protect or nothing to lose? He had a career to protect. What two things do you weigh?

You weigh a safe career against the hardest prison job in the state. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Smith saw the hesitation on his face. He leaned back in his chair and smiled.

He did not ask what was wrong. He said he did not blame laws for being scared. It was a tough place.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did Smith ask what was wrong?

No, he did not ask what was wrong. Did Smith see hesitation or anger on his face?

Smith saw the hesitation on his face. What did Smith say about Lor's being scared?

He said he did not blame laws for being scared. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Then he added one more sentence. It would take a big person, he said, to go up there and stay.

That sentence changed everything. Sh Smith had not offered comfort or money. He had offered a dare.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Did Smith offer money?

No. Smith had not offered comfort or money. Did Smith offer comfort or a dare? He had offered a dare. What would it take to go up there and stay?

It would take a big person to go up there and stay. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. Laws liked the idea of a job that needed someone big. So he went and he stayed.

He stayed for 21 years and became the most famous warden of his time.

Here is where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. Did laws go and stay?

Yes. So he went and he stayed. Did he stay for 2 years or 21 years?

He stayed for 21 years. What did he become?

He became the most famous warden of his time. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. He believed prisoners were still human beings. His reform brought in sport, education, useful work. [cheering]

He later wrote a bestselling book about his years there. and his reform ideas reached a wide public.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. Did laws believe prisoners were still human beings?

Yes, he believed prisoners were still human beings. Did his reform bring in sport and education or more walls?

His reform brought in sport, education and useful work. What did he later write?

He later wrote a bestselling book about his years there. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Dale Cariegi tells this story in How to Win Friends and Influence People.

Good people want more than safety. A challenge offered with respect can call out the best in them.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Does Dale Cariegi tell this story?

>> Yes. Dale Cariegi tells this story in How to Win Friends and Influence People. Do good people want only safety or more than safety? Good people want more than safety. What can a challenge offered with respect do? It can call out the best in them. >> Now, back to the story. >> Notice the cheerful respect.

Smith did not laugh at the fear. He understood it, then raised the bar.

You will meet your own sing. A hard exam, a speaking test, a job interview in English.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Did Smith laugh at the fear?

No. Smith did not laugh at the fear. He understood it. Was Smith's respect cheerful or cold? Smith's respect was cheerful. What is your own singing?

It is a hard exam, a speaking test or a job interview in English. >> And now the big finish. >> When it comes, you may feel scared and your mind will ask whether it is safe and easy.

Weigh your hesitation honestly. Then don't ask whether the task is easy. Ask whether it is big enough to make you bigger.

One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Will your mind ask whether the task is safe and easy?

Yes, your mind will ask whether it is safe and easy. Should you ask whether it is easy or whether it is big enough?

Ask whether it is big enough to make you bigger. What should you weigh honestly?

Weigh your hesitation honestly. [clears throat]

The grammar we practiced today reported questions. Smith asked him in a cheerful way whether he would go and take charge of Sing Singh. He wondered whether this dangerous job was really worth the risk. He did not ask what was wrong. When it comes, you may feel scared and your mind will ask whether it is safe

and easy.

Congratulations, you practiced 420 words in this story and you learned a lot.

That's amazing. That's That's such a beautiful opportunity. Thinking fast and slow. Let's jump into the next story. The Eyes Above the Milk. >> The Eyes Above the Milk from the book Thinking Fast and Slow by Daniel Carneaman. Nearly. Nearly. Nearly. Nearly. Nearly. Nearly. Nearly. Nearly, nearly, nearly. On a kitchen wall in a university

building, a small notice lists prices for tea, coffee, and milk.

Below it sits an honesty box. There is no cashier and nobody checks. People pay by themselves.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Is there a cashier beside the honesty box?

No, there is no cashier and nobody checks. Does the notice list prices for tea, coffee, and milk or for food?

It lists prices for tea, coffee, and milk. Where is the small notice?

It is on a kitchen wall in a university building. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Boxes like this share a quiet problem. Not everyone pays fairly. People forget or they pay a little less.

This kitchen belongs to the psychology department at Newcastle University which is in the north of England.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Does everyone pay fairly? No. Not everyone pays fairly. Is Newcastle University in the north of England or the south?

The kitchen belongs to Newcastle University, which is in the north of England. What do people do at boxes like this? People forget or they pay a little less. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Melissa Batson, who is a researcher there, decides with two colleagues to

test something very small.

Above the price list, they add a narrow picture which they change every week for 10 weeks.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Does Bateson work alone?

No. She decides with two colleagues to test something. Do they change the picture every week or every month?

They add a narrow picture which they change every week for 10 weeks. What does Bateson decide to do?

Melissa Bateson, who is a researcher there, decides [clears throat] to test something very small. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Some weeks it shows flowers. Other weeks it shows a pair of human eyes looking straight at you.

Nothing else changes. There is still no cashier and nobody is really watching.

Now test yourself. Does the pictures sometimes show flowers?

Yes. Some weeks it shows flowers. Is anyone really watching or is nobody watching? Nobody is really watching. What does the picture show in the other weeks?

It shows a pair of human eyes looking straight at you. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Each week, they count the coins and measure the milk used, so the weeks compare fairly. Imagine

you work there. You come in tired and in a hurry and glance at the wall.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Do they count the coins each week?

Yes. Each week they count the coins and measure the milk used. Do you come in rested or tired and in a hurry? You come in tired and in a hurry. What do you glance at? You glance at the wall. Nice one. Let's continue. >> You pour some milk, drop coins in the box,

or forget, then hurry back to your desk.

Would a picture of eyes which you barely glance at change what you do? Most of us would say no. [clears throat]

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Do you pour some milk?

>> Yes. You pour some milk and drop coins in the box or forget? Do you hurry back to your desk or stay in the kitchen? You hurry back to your desk. What do you barely glance at?

You barely glance at the picture of eyes, which is above the price list. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> The results say otherwise. In the eye weeks, people paid nearly three times as much for the milk they poured.

Nobody was told about the study. Nobody chose to be more honest because of a picture.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did people pay less in the eye weeks?

No. The results say otherwise. People paid nearly three times as much. Did they pay nearly three times as much or only a little more?

In the eyew weeks, people paid nearly three times as much for the milk they poured. Who was told about the study? Nobody was told about the study. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. A fast part of the mind which never asks our permission notices eyes. It acts as if someone is paying

attention.

Scientists still argue about how strong this effect is. Later studies tend to find smaller results or none.

Did that make sense? Now let's check. Does the fast part of the mind ask our permission?

No. The fast part of the mind which never asks our permission notices eyes. [clears throat] Do later studies tend to find bigger results or smaller results.

Later studies tend to find smaller results or none. What do scientists still argue about?

They still argue about how strong this effect is. >> Now back to the story. Still, the picture points to something we recognize. We tend to act better when we feel seen.

This works in two directions. Other people's attention helps you and your attention can help them.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Do we tend to act better when we feel seen?

Yes, we tend to act better when we feel seen. Does this work in one direction or two directions? This works in two directions. What does the picture point to? It points to something we recognize. Great job. Now, back to the story. A study partner who checks your homework is eyes on your wall.

So is a friend who asks about your goal.

When you notice someone's effort, their new words, and braver sentences, you become those eyes for them.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Is a study partner who checks your homework eyes on your wall?

Yes. A study partner who checks your homework is eyes on your wall. Does a friend ask about your goal or about your money? A friend asks about your goal. What do you become when you notice someone's effort?

You become those eyes for them. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> It costs almost nothing. A short note recognizing their progress may keep them going when they would otherwise quit.

So, think about that kitchen wall and then about your own week.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Does a short note cost a lot? >> No, it costs almost nothing. May a note keep them going or make them quit?

A short note recognizing their progress may keep them going. What would they otherwise do? They would otherwise quit. Now, this is the last part. Let's bring it home. Tonight, when the day is nearly over, ask yourself two quiet questions. Whose attention helps me keep my promises to myself?

And whose honest effort at home, at work, or in class, have I noticed and not yet mentioned?

>> One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. Should you ask yourself two quiet questions tonight?

Yes. Tonight, when the day is nearly over, ask yourself two quiet questions. Is the day nearly over or just starting? The day is nearly over. Where might you notice honest effort

at home, at work, or in class, you might notice honest effort.

The grammar we practice today. Non-defining relative clauses. This kitchen belongs to the psychology department at Newcastle University, which is in the north of England. Melissa Bateson, who is a researcher there, decides with two colleagues to test something very small. Above the price list, they add a narrow picture which they change every week for

10 weeks. Would a picture of eyes which you barely glance at change what you do?

Congratulations. You practiced 421 words in this story and you learned a lot. Super proud of you.

This is great. Let's keep it up.

What's the difference? Let's jump into the story. The statue that looked fresh. >> The statue that looked fresh from the book Blink by Malcolm Gladwell. Ancient document surface fake historian supposed to display plenty dealer turn out. Many of us believe that a feeling in the first few seconds is just a guess.

Real experts, we think, always need long tests and plenty of time before they judge.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Do we think real experts need long tests?

Yes, real experts we think always need long tests. Is a first feeling a guess or a fact? Many believe,

many of us believe it is just a guess. What do experts need before they judge? We think

we think they need long tests and plenty of Tim before they judge. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. Malcolm Gladwell opens his book Blink with a statue that shows why this is not always true.

In 1983, a dealer offered the Getty Museum in California an ancient Greek statue of a young man.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. Does Gladwell open blink with a statue?

Yes. Malcolm Gladwell opens his book Blink with a statue. Was the statue ancient Greek or Roman?

A dealer offered an ancient Greek statue of a young man who offered the Getty Museum the statue.

A dealer offered the Getty Museum the statue in 1983. >> Now, back to the story. >> The dealer said it was about 2500 years old. His price was almost $10 million.

Put yourself in the museum's place. It could be a treasure or it could be a fake. What would you check? All

right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Could the statue be a fake?

Yes. It could be a treasure or it could be a fake. Was the price almost $10 million or 1 million?

His price was almost $10 million. How old did the dealer say it was?

The dealer said it was about 2500 years old. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> So, the museum did what it was supposed to do. For 14 months, scientists studied the marble.

A geologist found a thin layer on the surface that he believed took centuries to form.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Did the museum do what it was supposed to do?

Yes. The museum did what it was supposed to do. Did scientists study the marble for 14 days or 14 months?

Scientists studied the marble for 14 months. What did a geologist find on the surface? He found a thin layer on the surface. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Lawyers checked the documents about its history, and they seem to be in order.

Every test said yes. The museum agreed to buy it and the statue went on display.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Did the documents seem to be in order?

Yes. The documents seemed to be in order. Did every test say yes or no? Every test said yes. Where did the statue go after the museum agreed to buy it? The statue went on display. So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. Then a few experts looked at it for only seconds and felt uneasy.

Federrico Zeri, an Italian art historian, kept staring at its fingernails. They seemed wrong.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Did the experts look at it for hours?

No, they looked at it for only seconds and felt uneasy. Was Zaryi a historian or a lawyer?

Federrico Zeri was an Italian art historian. What did Zerry keep staring at? He kept staring at its fingernails. All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. Thomas Hoving, who had led a great New York museum, had one word in his head. Fresh.

That is a strange word for a statue that is supposed to be ancient. Something ancient can't look fresh, can it?

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Can something ancient look fresh?

No, something ancient can't look fresh. Was the statue supposed to be ancient or modern?

The statue was supposed to be ancient. What word did Thomas Hoving have in his head?

He had one word in his head. Fresh. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Other historians of Greek art felt the same, but at first they could not explain why.

Imagine standing there with them. Every document looks right and yet the statue must be wrong somehow.

>> Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the questions. Could other historians explain why at first?

No. At first they could not explain why. Does every document look right or wrong?

Every document looks right. What must be wrong as you stand there? The statue must be wrong somehow. >> Okay. Now, listening mode. Later, some of the documents turned out to be fakes.

One letter turned out to have a post code that did not exist yet when it was supposedly written.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now, it's over to you to answer them. >> Did some of the documents turn out to be fakes?

>> Yes, some of the documents turned out to be fakes. Was it a letter or a photo that had the postcode?

One letter turned out to have a post code that did not exist yet. When did the post code not exist yet?

It did not exist yet when the letter was supposedly written. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Now off display, the statue might be ancient Greek, the museum says, or a modern forgery.

14 months of tests said yes. A few seconds of looking said no, and they now look wiser.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Is the statue still on display?

No, the statue is now off display. Might the statue be ancient Greek or a modern forgery?

The statue might be ancient Greek, the museum says, or a modern forgery. What did a few seconds of looking say?

A few seconds of looking said no. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Those seconds were not luck. Each expert had spent a lifetime studying thousands of real ancient statues.

Their fast feeling was built [sighs] from years of slow experience. Deep experience trains fast judgment.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Were those seconds luck?

No, those seconds were not luck. Did each expert study a few statues or thousands?

Each expert had spent a lifetime studying thousands of real ancient statues. What trains fast judgment?

Deep experience trains fast judgment. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> English works the same way. Fast understanding does not come from one clever trick.

It comes from plenty of listening. The same stories again and again until your ear simply knows.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Does fast understanding come from one clever trick?

No. Fast understanding does not come from one clever trick. Does it come from plenty of listening or from one trick? It comes from plenty of listening. What does your ear do in the end? Your ear simply knows. >> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring it home. >> One day, an English sentence will look

fine on the surface and still sound wrong to you.

Trust that feeling. It can't be just a guess. Your ear has been studying all along.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Can that feeling be just a guess?

No, it can't be just a guess. Will the sentence look wrong or look fine on the surface?

It will look fine on the surface and still sound wrong to you. What has your ear been doing all along?

Your ear has been studying all along.

The grammar we practice today. Modals of deduction. Present. It could be a treasure or it could be a fake. Something ancient can't look fresh, can it? Every document looks right and yet the statue must be wrong somehow. Now off display, the statue might be ancient Greek, the museum says, or a modern forgery.

Congratulations. You practiced 423 words in this story and you learned a lot.

[clears throat]

TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a lot of things.

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Leaders eat last.

Let's jump into the story down through the cloud. Down through the cloud from the book leaders eat last by Simon Synynic. Valley layer instrument extremely thick fly down call sign dive altitude visibility. People who risk their lives for others often give one reason. They would have done it for me.

This is the story of an American [sighs and gasps] pilot whose call sign on the radio was Johnny Bravo.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Was the pilot's call sign Johnny Bravo?

Yes. His call sign on the radio was Johnny Bravo. Was he an American pilot or a British pilot? He was an American pilot. What reason do people who risk their lives often give?

They often give one reason. They would have done it for me. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> It happened at night over the dark mountains of Afghanistan. He was flying an A10 at high altitude.

Below him, a small group of soldiers was in serious danger. They had called for help from the air.

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Was he flying at high altitude?

Yes. He was flying an A10 at high altitude. Did it happen at night or in the morning?

It happened at night over the dark mountains of Afghanistan. who was in serious danger below him.

A small group of soldiers was in serious danger. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. A thick layer of cloud covered the valley and visibility was almost zero

from above the clouds. He was not able to see the soldiers or the mountains.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Was he able to see the soldiers from above the clouds?

No, he was not able to see the soldiers or the mountains. Was the layer of cloud thick or thin? It was a thick layer of cloud. What was visibility [clears throat] like in the valley?

Visibility in the valley was almost zero. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. To help them, he had to fly down through that thick layer using only his instruments.

To dive into a dark valley you cannot see is extremely dangerous even for the best pilot.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. Did he have to fly down through the cloud?

Yes. He had to fly down through that thick layer. Did he use his eyes or only his instruments?

He had to fly down using only his instruments. How dangerous is it to dive into a dark valley?

It is extremely dangerous even for the best pilot. >> Now back to the story. >> One small error and the plane would hit the side of a mountain.

He was safe up there at high altitude. Nobody would have blamed him for refusing to fly down.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Would one small error make the plane hit a mountain?

>> Yes. One small error and the plane would hit the side of a mountain. Was he safe or in danger at high altitude? He was safe up there at high altitude. What would nobody have blamed him for?

Nobody would have blamed him for refusing to fly down. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> He went down anyway, trusting only his instruments. He managed to come out under the clouds very close to the ground.

Under the cloud, visibility was better, and at last he was able to see the soldiers.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did he manage to come out under the clouds?

Yes, he managed to come out under the clouds, very close to the ground. Was visibility better or worse under the cloud? Under the cloud, visibility was better. What was he able to see at last?

At last he was able to see the soldiers. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> He managed to stay extremely low over the valley until the soldiers were safe.

Later people asked the man behind the call sign why he had risked his life like that.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Did he manage to stay low over the valley?

Yes, he managed to stay extremely low over the valley. Did he stay low until the soldiers were safe or only for a moment?

He stayed low until the soldiers were safe. What did people ask the man behind the call sign?

They asked him why he had risked his life like that. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Maybe it was training, courage, or a sense of duty. Those are the usual answers.

his own answer was simpler than any of those three.

>> Okay, questions time. Is courage one of the usual answers?

Yes. Maybe it was training, courage, or a sense of duty. Was his own answer simpler or more difficult? His own answer was simpler than any of those three. What are training, courage, and duty?

Those are the usual answers. Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue. He did not talk about orders or medals. He talked about empathy, feeling what the men below felt.

He knew that the soldiers on the ground would have taken the same risk for him.

>> Okay. Speaking time. Speak your mind. Did he talk about medals?

No, he did not talk about orders or medals. Did he talk about orders or about empathy?

He talked about empathy, feeling what the men below felt. What did he know about the soldiers on the ground?

He knew they would have taken the same risk for him. Great answers. Let's see what happens. Now, >> that kind of trust is not built in one night. It is built in many small moments of care.

We take risks for people who we know would do the same for us.

>> Did that make sense? Now let's check. Is that kind of trust built in one night?

No, that kind of trust is not built in one night. Do we take risks for strangers or for people we trust?

We take risks for people who we know would do the same for us. How is that kind of trust built?

It is built in many small moments of care. Here's odd. Now let's come to the next part. >> So maybe courage is not only a feeling inside you. Maybe it grows between people.

Think about your English. Perhaps you have always seen it as a lonely fight.

Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the questions. >> Is courage only a feeling inside you?

No, maybe courage grows between people. Does courage grow inside you or between people?

Maybe courage grows between people. How have you perhaps always seen English?

Perhaps I have always seen it as a lonely fight. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> It does not have to be. With a study partner who shows up for you, you are able to try harder things.

It might be a friend who checks your writing or a teacher who answers your questions at night.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Does English have to be a lonely fight?

>> No, it does not have to be a lonely fight with a study partner. Are you able to try harder or easier things

with a study partner? You are able to try harder things. Who might check your writing? A friend might check your writing. >> That's it. This is the last part of a story. Give it your best. >> The dive takes less courage when someone is waiting for you below the cloud.

Think of your own thick cloud for a moment. Who is waiting for you below it?

Last questions. finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Does the dive take less courage when someone is waiting?

Yes, the dive takes less courage when someone is waiting for you below the cloud. Is someone waiting above the cloud or below it?

Someone is waiting for you below the cloud. Think of your own thick cloud. Who is waiting below it?

A friend or a teacher is waiting for me below it.

The grammar we practice today be able to manage to. From above the clouds, he was not able to see the soldiers or the mountains. He managed to come out under the clouds, very close to the ground. Under the cloud, visibility was better, and at last he was able to see the soldiers. He managed to stay extremely low over

the valley until the soldiers were safe.

Congratulations. You practiced 424 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's another story in your pocket. And you know, stories stick. Awesome.

The first 20 hours

skating. Skates.

feel bad.

Let's jump into the story. Same fingers, new keys. >> Same fingers, new keys from the book, The First 20 Hours by Josh Kaufman. layout drill. Familiar useless on purpose. Nonsense. Translate. Look down. Switch back. Touch typing. Same man. Same fingers. a new keyboard. And suddenly he types like a complete beginner.

He is used to his ordinary keyboard and he types on it every day without thinking.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Is he used to his ordinary keyboard?

Yes, he is used to his ordinary keyboard. On the new keyboard, does he type like an expert or a beginner?

on a new keyboard. He types like a complete beginner. How often does he type on his ordinary keyboard?

He types on it every day without thinking. Nice one. Let's continue. >> Most keyboards in English use a layout called querty, named after the first letters on the top row.

It was designed for old typewriters and keeps few common letters on the easy middle row.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. Is querty a keyboard layout?

Yes. Most keyboards in English use a layout called querty. Was it designed for computers or for old typewriters?

It was designed for old typewriters. Where does Querty keep few common letters?

It keeps few common letters on the easy middle row. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Josh Kaufman had used touch typing on this layout for almost 20 years. He wrote a whole book with it.

Then he switched to Colemarmac, a newer layout that puts the most common letters on the middle row.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Had Calfman used touch typing for almost 20 years.

Yes, he had used touch typing on this layout for almost 20 years. Did he switch to Colemarmac or stay with Querty?

He switched to Colmarmac, a newer layout. Where does Colemarmac put the most common letters?

Colmarmac puts the most common letters on the middle row. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> In theory, your fingers travel less, so typing can become easier.

He sat down to type and the problem appeared at once. His fingers were used to the old familiar places.

Okay, questions time. Were his fingers used to the new places?

No, his fingers were used to the old familiar places. Did the problem appear at once or after a week? The problem appeared at once. What can happen when your fingers travel less? typing can become easier. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. >> He tried to type the simplest words and nonsense appeared on the screen.

Every word became a small fight. His

speed fell to a crawl. A short email took far longer than before.

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. Did nonsense appear on the screen?

Yes. Nonsense appeared on the screen. Did his speed go up or fall to a crawl? His speed fell to a crawl. What did every word become?

Every word became a small fight. Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Switching back after one day would be easy. Slow feels like failure [snorts] when you are used to being fast.

He did not switch back. He stayed slow on purpose because he wanted to get used to the new keys.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did he switch back after one day?

No, he did not switch back. Did he stay slow by accident or on purpose?

He stayed slow on purpose. What did he want to get used to?

He wanted to get used to the new keys. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Ordinary lessons were useless. Now, >> so he changed a typing program to teach Colemarmac a few letters at a time.

In a typing drill, a short line of letters appears. You copy it without looking down and it appears again.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Where ordinary lessons useful now?

>> No. ordinary lessons were useless. Now, did he change a typing program or buy a new one? He changed a typing program to teach Colemeck. What do you do in a typing drill?

You copy a short line of letters without looking down. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Head first, a line comes out as nonsense, and your old speed feels useless. You type it again.

The drills were boring. The same letters came again and again until his fingers got used to each new home.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Were the drills exciting?

No. The drills were boring at first. Does your old speed feel useful or useless?

At first, your old speed feels useless. What did his fingers get used to? His fingers got used to each new home. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Touchtyping means you never look down at the keys. Looking feels faster today and it builds the wrong habit.

session by session. His speed on the new layout began to come back.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Do you look down at the keys in touch typing?

No. Touch typing means you never look down at the keys. Did his speed on the new layout come back or disappear? His speed on the new layout began to come back. What does looking at the keys build? It builds the wrong habit. That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. His keyboard makes

the whole idea easy to see and it reaches far beyond typing.

Getting better sometimes means getting worse first. You must drop the old habit on purpose even when it is faster today.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions. Does the idea reach far beyond typing?

Yes, it reaches far beyond typing. Must you drop the old habit by accident or on purpose?

You must drop the old habit on purpose. What does getting better sometimes mean? Getting better sometimes means getting worse first. >> Now Story's calling us. Let's continue. >> You have an old keyboard, too. Maybe you translate every sentence from Arabic in your head first.

It feels fast because it is familiar and you are used to it. It also stops you from thinking directly in English.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Do you translate every sentence from Arabic first?

Yes, maybe I translate every sentence from Arabic in my head first. Does translating help or stop you thinking in English?

It stops me from thinking directly in English. Why does translating feel fast?

It feels fast because it is familiar and I am used to it. >> Now this is the last part. Let's bring it home. >> Choosing not to translate will slow you down for a while as you build each sentence carefully.

Slow is not the opposite of progress. Very often it is the price you pay for it.

Here's the last questions. I want you to give them everything you've got. >> Will choosing not to translate slow you down?

Yes, choosing not to translate will slow you down for a while. Is slow the opposite of progress or the price of it?

Very often slow is the price you pay for progress. How will you build each sentence?

I will build each sentence carefully.

The grammar we practice today be used to get used to. He is used to his ordinary keyboard and he types on it every day without thinking. His fingers were used to the old familiar places. Slow feels like failure when you are used to being fast. He stayed slow on purpose because he wanted to get used to the new keys.

Congratulations. You practiced 426 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Finished. That's amazing.

which is great.

So that's amazing. One of the most interesting books, Willpower.

Willpower,

the willpower.

Radish and cookies. Radishes and cookies from the book willpower by Roy F. Bowmeister and John Tierney. Resist Snack wisely. Bake oven lightly raw chocolate plate. Selfcontrol. Two plates. One small room. And the smell of warm chocolate cookies from a small oven.

In the 1990s, the psychologist Roy Bowmeister ran an experiment with university students. They were told it was a test of taste.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Did the room smell of warm chocolate cookies?

Yes, there was the smell of warm chocolate cookies from a small oven. Were the students told it was a test of taste or memory? They were told it was a test of taste. How many plates were there? There were two plates. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> The students were asked to skip a meal

first. So every one of them arrived hungry.

The cookies had been baked right there in the lab in that oven.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Did the students arrive hungry?

Yes. Every one of them arrived hungry. Were the cookies baked in the lab or in a shop?

The cookies had been baked right there in the lab in that oven. What were the students asked to skip? They were asked to skip a meal first. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> One plate held the freshly baked cookies and some chocolates. The other held a pile of raw radishes.

The researchers made some students eat only the raw radishes. They let the others eat the cookies.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Did the researchers make some students eat radishes?

Yes, they made some students eat only the raw radishes. Were the radishes raw or cooked? The radishes were raw. What did the researchers let the others eat? They let the others eat the cookies. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Then the researcher left. The radish students sat alone, hungry,

right next to the sweet snack.

through a small window. The team watched. Some picked up a cookie, smelled it, and put it back.

Now test yourself. Did the radish students sit next to the cookies?

Yes. They sat alone, hungry, right next to the sweet snack. Did the team watch through a window or a door? The team watched through a small window. What did some students do with a cookie?

Some picked up a cookie, smelled it, and put it back. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Nobody in the radish group actually ate one. They resisted, but their self-control was clearly working hard.

The cookie students had the easy path. The researchers let them enjoy their snack in peace.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Did the Reddish group resist the cookies?

Yes, they resisted, but their self-control was clearly working hard. Did the cookie students have the hard path or the easy path? The cookie students had the easy path. What did the researchers let the cookie students do?

They let them enjoy their snack in peace. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. Next, both groups got the same task. A puzzle that looked possible but was actually impossible.

The researchers wanted to know one thing. How long would each person keep trying?

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did both groups get the same task?

Yes, both groups got the same task. Was the puzzle possible or actually impossible?

The puzzle was actually impossible. What did the researchers want to know?

They wanted to know how long each person would keep trying. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> The cookie eaters worked on the puzzle for about 20 minutes. They tried, failed, and tried again.

The radish eaters gave up after about 8 minutes. What made them stop so early?

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Did the cookie eaters work for about 20 minutes?

Yes. They worked on the puzzle for about 20 minutes. Did the radish eaters give up after 8 minutes or 20?

The radish eaters gave up after about 8 minutes. What did the cookie eaters do? They tried, failed, and tried again. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Same hunger, same puzzle, same room. The only difference was what happened a few minutes earlier.

Bowmeister's explanation was that self-control uses a kind of energy and that energy can run low.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Was the room the same for both groups?

Yes, the hunger, the puzzle, and the room were the same. Does self-control use energy or save energy?

Self-control. uses a kind of energy and that energy can run low. What was the only difference?

The only difference was what happened a few minutes earlier. >> Now, back to the story. The radish students had spent theirs resisting the cookies. Little was left for the puzzle.

Now you might say one experiment cannot prove all that. You would be right to ask.

>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did the radish students spend their energy resisting the cookies?

Yes, they had spent theirs resisting the cookies. Was much or little left for the puzzle? Little was left for the puzzle. What might you say about one experiment? [clears throat] One experiment cannot prove all that. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Later scientists repeated tests like this and some found a much smaller

effect or none at all.

So hold the idea lightly. Still most of us know the feeling of a tired mind at night. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. >> Did later scientists always find the same effect?

No. Some found a much smaller effect or none at all. Should you hold the idea lightly or tightly? You should hold the idea lightly. What feeling do most of us know?

Most of us know the feeling of a tired mind at night. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Even held lightly, the idea is useful. Willpower seems to get tired like a muscle, so spend it wisely.

Bowmeister and the writer John Tierney described the radish test early in their book Willpar.

All right, time to prove you're focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Does Willpower seem to get tired like a muscle?

Yes. Willpower seems to get tired like a muscle. Should you spend willpower wisely or quickly? You should spend it wisely. Who wrote the book Willpower with Bowmeister?

The writer John Tierney wrote it with Balmeister. >> And now the big finish. >> Here is a simple daily rule for spending it wisely. Do not let the day use up your willpower before your English.

study in the morning before messages, meetings, and a hundred small decisions arrive. And keep the cookies off the table.

One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Should you let the day use up your willpower?

No, do not let the day use up your willpower before your English. Should you study in the morning or at night? You should study in the morning. What should you keep off the table? I should keep the cookies off the table.

The grammar we practice today, make, let, plus object plus verb. The researchers made some students eat only the raw radishes. They let the others eat the cookies. The researchers let them enjoy their snack in peace. What made them stop so early?

Congratulations. You practiced 407 words in this story and you learned a lot. Great job.

That's amazing.

And that's such an amazing thing. The 48 laws of power.

That's it.

Right. >> [laughter]

>> laws of power. The marble dust. The marble dust from the book The 48 Laws of Power by Robert Green. Marble dust angle figure feel action. Artist meter sculptor. give up on. In Florence around 1504, a powerful man had a problem with a statue.

He was Pierro Sodorini, head of the city government. The statue was David by the young sculptor Michelangelo.

No one answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Did a powerful man have a problem with a statue?

Yes, a powerful man had a problem with a statue. Was Sodorini a sculptor or head of the city government? He was head of the city government. Who's the young sculptor?

The young sculptor was Michelangelo. That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> The giant figure stood over 5 m tall. It was cut from one block of marble that others had given up on.

The sculptor had worked on it for years and it was almost finished.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Did the figure stand over 5 m tall?

Yes. The giant figure stood over 5 m tall. Was it cut from marble or from wood?

It was cut from one block of marble. What had others done with the block of marble? Others had given up on it. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> So Darini came to see it. He studied it for a long time, then said

the nose was too big.

Michelangelo saw the real problem. Sodorini stood right under it, several meters below its face. From that angle, the nose looked wrong.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Did Sodorini say the nose was too big?

Yes. He said the nose was too big. Did Sodorini stand far away or right under the statue?

He stood right under it, several meters below its face. Why did the nose look wrong?

The nose looked wrong from that angle. >> Nice one. Let's continue. What would you do? You have spent years on this work and a powerful man says it is wrong.

Most of us would explain. We would talk about angles and light and try to prove we were right.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Would most of us explain

Yes, most of us would explain. Would we talk about angles and light or stay quiet? We would talk about angles and light. What would we try to prove?

We would try to prove we were right. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Others would agree to change the nose. They would give up on their work to keep the boss happy.

Michelangelo did something strange. He climbed the scaffolding and quietly picked up a little marble dust.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Would others agree to change the nose?

Yes. Others would agree to change the nose. Did Michelangelo pick up marble dust or a hammer? He quietly picked up a little marble dust. What would others give up on? they would give up on their work. >> Now, relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> He tapped his chisel near the nose as if

he were carving and let the dust fall slowly.

He refused to change the nose at all. Then he asked Sodorini how it looked now.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did he change the nose?

No, he refused to change the nose at all. Did he really carve or only tap near the nose?

He tapped his chisel near the nose as if he were carving. What did he let fall slowly? He let the dust fall slowly. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> So Dorini said he liked it much better. The artist, [laughter] he said, had given the figure life.

The statue stayed as it was. The powerful man felt respected and Michelangelo avoided arguing completely.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Did Sorini like it better?

Yes. Sodorini said he liked it [sighs and gasps] much better. Did Michelangelo argue or avoid arguing?

Michelangelo avoided arguing completely. What had the artist given the figure?

The artist had given the figure life. >> Now back to the story. >> This scene is famous as a lesson about power. Win through your actions, not through arguments.

Yes, it was a small [sighs] trick. You do not need the trick to use the idea behind it.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Is this scene a lesson about power?

Yes, it is famous as a lesson about power. Should you win through actions or through arguments?

Win through your actions, not through arguments. What do you not need to use the idea? You do not need the trick. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> The artist cared more about the result than about winning the conversation. So, he chose action over words. [clears throat]

Dale Carnegie, another writer, said, "The only way to win an argument is to avoid it."

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. Did the artist care more about the result?

Yes, he cared more about the result than about winning. Did he choose words or action?

He chose action over words. What is the only way to win an argument?

The only way to win an argument is to avoid it. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> Honestly, people who criticize our work often want one thing first, to feel heard.

When someone feels heard, they relax. Then the good work has a chance to survive.

>> A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. Do people who criticize our work want to feel heard?

Yes. They often want one thing first, to feel heard. When someone feels heard, do they relax or get angry?

When someone feels heard, they relax. What has a chance to survive

then? The good work has a chance to survive. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Think about your English. A teacher marks your essay or a colleague says your email sounds rude.

Your first wish is to explain why you were right. That wish can win the talk and lose the lesson.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Does a colleague say your email sounds rude?

Yes, a colleague says my email sounds rude. Is your first wish to listen or to explain?

My first wish is to explain why I was right. What can that wish win and lose

that wish can win the talk and lose the lesson. >> That's it. This is the last part of a story. Give it your best. >> Try a small experiment this week. When someone criticizes your work, avoid defending it. Say only, "Thank you. Let me look again.

Then really look Agree to change what is truly wrong. Keep what is right and notice how the conversation feels.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Should you avoid defending your work?

Yes. When someone criticizes your work, avoid defending it. Should you agree to change what is wrong? or what is right.

Agree to change what is truly wrong and keep what is right. What should you say?

Say only thank you. Let me look again.

The grammar we practiced today, verbs plus ing or to others would agree to change the nose. He refused to change the nose at all. The statue stayed as it was. The powerful man felt respected and Michelangelo avoided arguing completely. When someone criticizes your work, avoid defending it.

Congratulations. You practiced 422 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.

That's That's super great.

I want you to listen to what happened. Let's go. for

YouTube.

form.chech.

He is speaking speaking.

speaking.

Awesome. Alhamdulillah.

WhatsApp.

Outliers.

22 minutes. 22 minutes from the book outliers by Malcolm Gladwell. Persistence professor graph invisible slope urge force explanation steep work out. A professor once filmed a student solving one maths problem. The most important moment in the film is invisible.

The professor was Alan Shernfeld of the University of California, Berkeley, who studies how people solve problems.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Did a professor film a student?

Yes. A professor once filmed [gasps] a student solving one maths problem. Is the most important moment visible or invisible?

The most important moment in the film is invisible. Who was the professor? The professor was Alan Shernfeld. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> The student was a young woman called Reneie. She was not trying to impress anyone. She was curious.

She was using a computer program that draws straight lines on a graph when you type in numbers.

All right, time to prove you're focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Was Renee trying to impress anyone?

No, she was not trying to impress anyone. Was she bored or curious? She was curious. What does the program draw on a graph?

It draws straight lines on a graph when you type in numbers. Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Her task sounded simple. She wanted a line on the graph that went straight up and down.

She typed a number and the line got steeper. She typed a bigger one and it got steeper again.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Did the line get steeper?

Yes. She typed a number and the line got steeper. Did she want a line going sideways or straight up and down?

She wanted a line on the graph that went straight up and down. What happened when she typed a bigger number? It got steeper again. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Although the line kept getting steeper, it never stood completely straight. She could not see what was wrong.

Minutes passed. She tried again, talked to herself and asked the professor small questions.

>> A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Did the line ever stand completely straight?

No. Although it kept getting steeper, it never stood completely straight. Did she talk to herself or stay silent?

She talked to herself and asked the professor small questions. What could she not see? She could not see what was wrong. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. Now imagine you are Renee. You are on camera and a professor is watching every mistake.

Nobody is forcing you to continue. You feel the urge to say you do not understand and move on.

>> Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. Is anybody forcing you to continue?

No, nobody is forcing you to continue. Are you alone or on camera?

You are on camera and a professor is watching every mistake. What do you feel the urge to do?

I feel the urge to say I do not understand and move on. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Most people would. It is the normal choice and in a busy class it often looks smart.

be honest. How long would you stay with a problem that keeps telling you no?

>> Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Would most people move on?

He has most people would move on. Is moving on the normal choice or a rare choice? It is the normal choice. Where does moving on often look smart? In a busy class, it often looks smart. >> Now, back to the story. >> Renee stayed. Even though she was confused, she kept typing, testing, and asking why.

That was the invisible moment.

After about 22 minutes, she understood a line that goes straight up has no normal number for its slope.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did Renee [clears throat] stay even though she was confused?

>> Yes. Even though she was confused, she kept typing. Did she understand after 2 minutes or 22?

She understood after about 22 minutes what has no normal number for its slope.

A line that goes straight up has no normal number for its slope. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Although it sounds small, she had worked out an important idea about slope by herself.

For the professor, the answer was not the exciting part. How she got there was

okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Did she work out an important idea by herself?

Yes. Although it sounds small, she had worked out an important idea. Was the answer the exciting part? or how she got there. How she got there was the exciting part. For whom was the answer not the exciting part

for the professor. The answer was not the exciting part. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> That was persistence. She tried failure and tried again although nobody forced her to keep going.

Persistence is the heart of learning. Real understanding rarely comes in the first few minutes. It comes to whoever stays.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did anybody force her to keep going?

No, she kept going although nobody forced her. Is persistence the heart of learning or a small part? Persistence is the heart of learning. Who does real understanding come to? It comes to whoever stays. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> This matters for English. Every hard grammar point is a line that will not stand straight.

Many learners read an explanation once, feel confused, and decide they are just bad at grammar.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. Is every hard grammar point like the line?

Yes. Every hard grammar point is a line that will not stand straight. Do many learners read an explanation once or many times.

Many learners read an explanation once. What do many learners decide?

They decide they are just bad at grammar. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> So, picture your next hard question. You feel the old urge to close the book and pick up your phone.

This time you set a timer and stay. You read the explanation again, write your own example and test it.

Okay, questions time. >> Do you feel the urge to pick up your phone?

Yes, I feel the old urge to close the book and pick up my phone this time. Do you close the book or set a timer?

This time I set a timer and stay. What do you read again? I read the explanation again. >> Now this is the last part. Let's bring it home. >> When the timer rings, you may still be confused. Even though you did not finish, you stayed longer than most people ever do.

And one day, like Renee, you will watch the line stand straight and work out why.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. Even though you did not finish, did you stay longer?

Yes. Even though I did not finish, I stayed longer than most people ever do. When the timer rings, are you sure or still confused?

When the timer rings, I may still be confused. What will you work out one day?

One day I will work out why the line stands straight.

The grammar we practice today although even though although the line kept getting steeper, it never stood completely straight. Even though she was confused, she kept typing, testing, and asking why. Although it sounds small, she had worked out an important idea about slope by herself. She tried, failed, and tried again, although nobody forced her to keep

going.

Congratulations. You practiced 423 words in this story and you learned a lot. Fabulous.

That was it. I I really really appreciate you practicing your English and learning something new. Thinking fast and slow. Before the start. >> Before the start from the book Thinking Fast and Slow by Daniel Carnean, psychologist. Pressure. Permission. Nod. Gather. Stay silent. Go quiet. Raise your hand confidently. Flaw. Some smart plans fail for a simple

reason. Someone in the room saw the floor and stayed silent.

Gary Klene knew this well. He was a psychologist who studied how experts decide under pressure.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Did someone in the room see the floor?

Yes. Someone in the room saw the floor and stayed silent. Do smart plans fail for a simple reason or a strange one?

Some smart plans fail for a simple reason. What did the psychologist Gary Klene study?

He studied how experts decide under pressure. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> He had studied fire commanders and others who must choose fast and choose well.

He also knew how planning meetings usually go. A team agrees on a plan and moves forward.

Okay, questions time. >> Did Klene study fire commanders?

Yes, he had studied fire commanders and others who must choose fast. Does a team agree on a plan or argue about it?

A team agrees on a plan and moves forward. Who must choose fast and choose well?

Fire commanders and others must choose fast and choose well. Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Like many researchers, he saw a common problem. Once a leader has chosen a plan, the doubts go quiet.

People who see a flaw feel the pressure to agree. They stay silent so that nobody thinks they are disloyal.

Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the questions. >> Do the doubts go quiet once a leader has chosen a plan?

Yes. Once a leader has chosen [clears throat] a plan, the doubts go quiet. Do people who see a flaw feel pressure to agree or to argue? They feel the pressure to agree. Why do they stay silent?

They stay silent so that nobody thinks they are disloyal. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. So the team walks confidently toward a mistake that one person could have seen.

Imagine you are in that room. Your manager has announced the big plan and everyone is nodding.

Now test yourself. >> Does the team walk confidently toward a mistake?

Yes. The team walks confidently toward a mistake. Is everyone nodding or shaking their heads?

Everyone is nodding at the big plan. Who has announced [gasps] the big plan? Your manager has announced the big plan. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> You have a small worry. Would you raise your hand and say it? Most people would not.

Klene wanted a method in order to bring those quiet worries out early.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Do you have a big worry?

No. You have a small worry. Would you raise your hand or stay silent like most people?

Most people would not raise a hand and say it. Why did Klene want a method?

He wanted a method in order to bring the quiet worries out early. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> His answer sounds strange at first. He decided to ask the team to imagine failure.

Just before the final decision, the leader gathers the people who know the plan.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did Klene ask the team to imagine success?

No, he decided to ask the team to imagine failure. Does the leader gather people before or after the final decision?

The leader gathers the people just before the final decision. Who does the leader gather?

The leader gathers the people who know the plan. That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> They must pretend the plan is finished and has failed badly.

Each person writes down every reason it went wrong so that nobody follows the loudest voice.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Must they pretend the plan has failed?

Yes. They must pretend the plan is finished and has failed badly. Does each person write down reasons or shout them out?

Each person writes down every reason it went wrong. Why does each person write the reasons down?

They write them down so that nobody follows the loudest voice. >> Now back to the story. >> Klene called it a pre-mortem. A post-mortem studies a failure after the end. This comes before the start.

Notice what changes. Nobody attacks the leader's plan and nobody just nods. Everyone explains an imagined failure.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Does anybody just nod now?

No, nobody just nods and nobody attacks the leader's plan. Does a premortem come before the start or after the end? A premortem comes before the start. What does everyone explain?

Everyone explains an imagined failure. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. Suddenly the doubts have permission to [clears throat] speak. They no longer go quiet and the quiet person has a job.

Daniel Carnean, the Nobel Prizewinning psychologist, loved the idea and gave Klene full credit for it.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Do the darts have permission to speak now?

>> Yes. Suddenly the doubts have permission to speak. Do the doubts go quiet or does the quiet person speak?

The doubts no longer go quiet and the quiet person has a job. What did the psychologist Daniel Carneaman do?

He loved the idea and gave Klene full credit for it. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. He once described it at the World Economic Forum in Davos, a meeting of powerful leaders.

Afterwards, a company chairman murmured that coming to Davos had been worth it for this alone.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. Did Conorman describe the idea at Devils?

Yes. He once described it at the World Economic Forum in Davos. Was Davos a meeting of students or powerful leaders?

Davos was a meeting of powerful leaders. What did the company chairman murmur?

He murmured that coming to Davos had been worth it for this alone. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. In thinking fast and slow, Carnean explains that it gives a confident group permission to doubt.

Imagine the failure first so that you can stop it from happening.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Should you imagine the failure first?

Yes. Imagine the failure first so that you can stop it from happening. Does the premortem give a confident group permission to doubt or to agree?

It gives a confident group permission to doubt. In which book does caraman explain this?

He explains it in thinking fast and slow. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Picture your own next big plan. An exam date, a new study routine, or a move abroad.

Take a notebook or gather two friends who know your plan. Pretend it is already over and it has failed.

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Should you gather two friends who know your plan?

Yes. Take a notebook or gather two friends who know your plan. Is your big plan an exam date or a party?

It can be an exam date, a new study routine, or a move abroad. What must you pretend?

Pretend your plan is already over and it has failed. >> That's it. This is the last part of the story. Give it your best. >> Then write the reasons [sighs and gasps] honestly. You stopped after two weeks. [gasps] Never raised your hand in class. Never practiced speaking.

Now you know the flaws. Fix them today so that you can start confidently.

One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Should you write the reasons honestly?

Yes. Then write the reasons honestly. Did you raise your hand in class or stay silent?

You never raised your hand in class and you never practiced speaking. Why should you fix the flaws today?

Fix them today so that you can start confidently.

The grammar we practice today. so that in order to we stay silent so that nobody thinks they are disloyal. Klene wanted a method in order to bring those quiet worries out early. Each person writes down every reason it went wrong so that nobody follows the loudest voice. Imagine the failure first so that you

can stop it from happening.

Congratulations. You practiced 422 words in this story and you learned a lot.

That's amazing. That's that's such a beautiful opportunity. Outliers.

Two brilliant boys. Two brilliant boys from the book Outliers by Malcolm Gladwell. Scholarship. Brilliant intelligence. Guidance background. Break down. Respected. Dean, send in. Get into. Two boys, two brilliant minds. Both were rare and their lives went very different ways.

The first boy, Chris Langan, came from a poor background and a difficult home in Montana.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're gonna hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Were both minds rare?

Yes. Two brilliant minds and both were rare. Did Chris Langan come from a rich background or a poor one?

He came from a poor background [gasps and sighs] and a difficult home. Where did the first boy grow up?

He came from a difficult home in Montana. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Tests have put his IQ at about 195, higher than almost anyone ever tested.

He won a full scholarship to Reed College, a respected university in Oregon.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. Did Langan win a full scholarship?

Yes, he won a full scholarship to Reed College. Was Reed College a respected university or a small school?

Reed College was a respected university in Oregon. What is his IQ according to tests?

tests have put his IQ at about 195. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Then a simple form went wrong. His mother [snorts] had to send in financial information and never did.

The university did not chase it. His scholarship was taken away and he left.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Did his mother send in the financial information?

No, his mother had to send it in. and never did. Did did the university chase the form or forget it? The university did not chase it. What happened to his scholarship? His scholarship was taken away and he left. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Later he tried again in Montana. Then his old car broke down.

He could not reach his morning classes. So he asked to move to afternoon ones.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Did his old [sighs and gasps] car break down?

Yes. His old car broke down in Montana. Did he ask for morning classes or afternoon ones?

He asked to move to afternoon classes. Why could he not reach his classes? His old car broke down so he could not reach his morning classes. >> Now Story's calling us. Let's continue. >> Neither his advisor nor the dean would help. Both said no, and nobody offered another way.

He left university for good, worked on farms and building sites and studied alone.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Would either his advisor or the dean help?

No. Neither his advisor nor the dean would help. Did both say yes or did both say no?

Both said no and nobody offered another way. What did he do after he left university?

He worked on farms and building sites and studied alone. >> Now, back to the story. >> The second boy is Robert Oppenheimimer. Just as brilliant, one of the brightest minds of his time.

His background was a rich family in New York. He learned early to speak to adults with confidence.

>> All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. Was Oenheimimer just as brilliant?

Yes, he was just as brilliant, one of the brightest minds of his time. Was his background a rich family or a poor one? His

background was a rich family in New York. What did he learn early?

He learned early to speak to adults with confidence. Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> At university in England, he got into serious trouble that could have ended his studies.

His parents talked to the university and he was allowed to stay. He watched how they did it.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Did Oenheimer get into serious trouble in England?

Yes, he got into serious trouble that could have ended his studies. Did his parents talk to the university or stay silent? His parents talked to the university and he was allowed to stay. What did the young Oenheimimer watch? He watched how his parents did it. Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Years later, he persuaded a respected

army general to put him in charge of a huge secret project.

You may say this is not fair. One boy had money, the other had almost none.

>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did he persuade a respected army general

Yes, he persuaded a respected army general to put him in charge. Did both boys have money or only one?

One boy had money. The other had almost none. What may you say about this?

You may say this is not fair. >> Okay. Now listening mode. It is true in Outliers, Malcolm Gladwell agrees that family background matters.

His point is that Oppenheimer got guidance at home that Langan never got.

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Does Gladwell agree that family background matters?

Yes. In Outliers, Malcolm Gladwell agrees that family background matters. Did Oppenheimer or Langan get guidance at home?

Oppenheimer got guidance at home that Langan never got. In which book does Gladwell [gasps] make this point? He makes this point in Outliers. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> He calls the skill practical intelligence. Knowing what to say to whom

and how to ask

both boys had intelligence. [clears throat] Only one knew how to talk to the people behind the doors.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Did both boys have intelligence?

Yes, both boys had intelligence. Did both boys know how to talk to the people behind the doors or only one? [clears throat] Only one knew how to talk. to the people behind the doors. What does Gladwell call the skill?

He calls the skill practical intelligence. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Today, Langan lives on a horse farm in Missouri, still thinking and writing alone,

a form, and a car that broke down. Neither problem needed a genius. Only a way to ask.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Did either problem need a genius?

No. Neither problem needed a genius. Only a way to ask, does Langan live in a city or on a horse farm?

Langan lives on a horse farm in Missouri. [clears throat] What does Langan still do today?

He is still thinking and writing alone. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> A brilliant mind needs practical skills and good guidance or it can stay hidden.

This skill can be learned and English is a great place to practice it.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Can this skill be learned?

Yes, this skill can be learned. Does a brilliant mind need good guidance or only talent?

A brilliant mind needs practical skills and good guidance. Where can you practice this skill?

English is a great place to practice it. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. When you get into trouble with a form, a class, or a dean, use a simple recipe.

First, explain your problem in one clear sentence. Next, give your reason and offer two solutions.

Now, test yourself. >> Should you use a simple recipe when you get into trouble? >> [clears throat]

>> Yes. When you get into trouble, use a simple recipe. Should you explain your problem in a long story or one clear sentence?

Explain your problem in one clear sentence. What should you offer

next? Give your reason and offer two solutions. >> That's it. This is the last part of the story. Give it your best. >> Either one should make it easy to say yes. >> Then send in your request.

If the answer is still no, ask one more question. What can I do instead?

Here's the last questions. I want you to give them everything you've got. Should either solution make it easy to say yes.

Yes. Either one should make it easy to say yes. Should you send in your request or keep it? Then send in your request. What should you ask if the answer is still no?

Ask one more question. What can I do instead?

the grammar we practice today. Both, either, neither. Both were rare and their lives went very different ways. Neither his adviser nor the dean would help. Both said no, and nobody offered another way. Both boys had intelligence.

Congratulations. You practiced 427 words in this story and you learned a lot. Super proud of you.

This is great. Let's give it up.

growth mindset.

It's It's such a great book.

The coach who rarely said win. The coach who rarely said win from the book mindset by Carol S. Dwick. Preparation. Talented. Mention constantly. Trophy. Fold. Peace. Put on blister. Band. Picture. A great coach. He shouts at talented players, walks up and down and talks about winning all day.

Popular stories love this coach. In the last minute, his loud speech gives the team new strength. [cheering]

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Does the coach in the popular picture shout at talented players?

Yes, he shouts at talented players and talks about winning all day. Does his loud speech come in the first minute or the last minute?

In the last minute, his loud speech gives the team new strength. What does this coach talk about all day?

He talks about winning all day long. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Winning is the goal. So surely the best coaches talk about it constantly.

I think the real story is more useful and far less noisy. His

name was John Wooden and he coached basketball at UCLA in Los Angeles.

>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Do we think the best coaches talk about winning constantly?

Yes, surely the best coaches talk about winning constantly. Is the real story more noisy or less noisy?

The real story is more useful and far less noisy. Where did John Wooden coach basketball?

He coached basketball at UCLA in Los Angeles. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> His teams won 10 national championships in 12 seasons. Seven of them in a row. [cheering]

So you might expect him to talk about winning constantly. He later said he almost never mentioned it.

All right, time to prove you're focusing. Let's jump into it. Did Wooden often mention winning?

No. He later said he almost never mentioned it. Did his teams win 10 championships or two? His

teams won 10 national championships in 12 seasons. How many of those championships came in a row? Seven of them came in a row. Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Instead, he was interested in two things from his players. Complete preparation and complete effort every day.

He was careful with his own preparation too, planning each practice minute by minute.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Was Wooden interested in winning?

No, he was interested in complete preparation and complete effort. Was he careful with his own preparation or careless?

He was careful with his own preparation too. How did he plan each practice?

He planned each practice minute by minute. >> Okay. Now, listening mode. On the first day of the season, he even taught new players how to put on their socks.

Some talented players thought it was a joke. They came to play [laughter] basketball, not to learn about socks.

>> Great speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. Did he teach new players how to put on their socks?

Yes, he even taught new players how to put on their socks. Did the talented players think it was a joke or a great idea?

Some talented players thought it was a joke. Why did the players come?

They came to play basketball, not to learn about socks. Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> His reason was simple. A fold in a sock causes a blister. And a player with a blister cannot play well.

Each player learned to put on his socks slowly, smoothing every fold at the heel and toes.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Does a fold in a sock cause a blister?

Yes. A fold in a sock causes a blister. Did the players put on their socks fast or slowly?

Each player learned to put on his socks slowly. What can a player with a blister not do?

A player with a blister cannot play well. >> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next part. >> Take care of the small things he believed and the big things have a better chance of following

in mindset. Carol Dwick holds him up as a clear example of a growth mindset.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Did Wooden believe in the small things?

Yes. Take care of the small things and the big things have a better chance. Does Carol Dwek call him an example of a growth mindset or a fixed mindset?

She holds him up as a clear example of a growth mindset. In which book does Dwek write about him? She writes about him in mindset. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> She explains that he judged his players by their full effort, not by the score.

He describes success as peace of mind from knowing you did your best to become your best. [clears throat]

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did he judge his players by the score?

No. He judged his players by their full effort, not by the score. Did he describe success as peace of mind or as a trophy?

He described success as peace of mind. Where does that peace of mind come from?

It comes from knowing you did your best to become your best. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Now, the part people rarely mention. His first national trophy took him 16 seasons at UCLA.

For years, his team practiced in a crowded, dark gym shared with wrestlers and gymnasts.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did his first national trophy come quickly?

No. His first national trophy took him 16 seasons. Was the gym bright or dark? His team practiced in a crowded dark gym. Who shared the gym with his team?

Wrestlers and gymnasts shared the gym with his team. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> The trophies did not come. He stayed focused on the work anyway, one careful practice at a time.

Learning English works the same way. It is easy to stare at the score, forget the work, and lose your peace.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Did he stay focused on the work when the trophies did not come?

Yes, he stayed focused on the work anyway. Is it easy to stare at the score or at the work?

It is easy to stare at the score and forget the work. What can you lose when you stare at the score? You can lose your peace. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> You check your band and feel proud of it

or ashamed of it. Neither feeling improves your listening.

Wooden's record says something calmer than the myth. Effort is the part you control and the score usually follows.

>> Now the floor is yours. Let's go. Does feeling proud of your band improve your listening?

No. Neither feeling improves your listening. Do you feel proud of your band or ashamed of it? You feel proud of it or ashamed of it. Which part do you control?

Effort is the part you control and the score usually follows. That's it. This is the last part of a story. Give it your best. >> After your next study session, don't ask about your band or whether you are good at English yet.

ask the question his whole method points to. Did I prepare fully today and did I give full effort?

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. Should you ask whether you are good at English yet?

No. Don't ask whether you are good at English yet. Should you ask about your band or about your preparation?

Ask if you prepared fully today and gave full effort. What question should you ask after your next study session?

Did I prepare fully today? And did I give full effort?

The grammar we practice today, adjective plus preposition. Instead, he was interested in two things from his players. Complete preparation and complete effort every day. He was careful with his own preparation too, planning each practice minute by minute. He stayed focused on the work anyway, one careful practice at a time. You check your band and feel proud of it

or ashamed of it.

Congratulations. You practiced 422 words in this story and you learned a lot.

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Three rings out of 50. >> Three rings out of 50 from the book Awaken the Giant Within by Tony Robbins. Mechanic. Determined. Reject. Destroy. Earthquake. Application. Bicycle. Behave. Bring down. Left over. No. No, no. Suichiro Honda heard that word so often that it could have become his whole story.

In Awaken the Giant Within, Tony Robbins uses his life to show what one determined person can survive.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. Did Honda hear the word no often?

Yes, he heard that word so often that it could have become his whole story. Was Honda a lazy person or a determined person?

Tony Robbins uses his life to show what one determined person can survive. Which book tells his story?

Awaken the giant within by Tony Robbins tells his story. All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. In the late 1930s, the young mechanic had one dream to make piston rings for Toyota.

A piston ring is a small metal circle inside an engine. Making a good one is very hard.

>> Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Was the young Honda a mechanic?

Yes. In the late 1930s, the young mechanic had one dream. Is a piston ring a big metal box or a small metal circle?

A piston ring is a small metal circle inside an engine. What was his dream?

His dream was to make piston rings for Toyota. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. He put his money and time into a small workshop. He worked day and night and often slept there.

At first it went badly. Toyota tested 50 of his rings and only three passed.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Did it go well at first?

No. At first it went badly. Did he work only in the day or day and night?

He worked day and night and often slept there. How many of the 50 rings passed? Only three passed. Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Read that number again. Three out of 50. Toyota rejected the rings and the contract was gone.

Instead of stopping, the mechanic went back to school to learn how metal really behaves.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Did Toyota reject the rings?

Yes. Toyota rejected the rings and the contract was gone. Did the mechanic stop or go back to school.

Instead of stopping, the [gasps] mechanic went back to school. What did he learn at school?

He went to learn how metal really behaves. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> Some people [clears throat] laugh today. >> [laughter] >> He stayed determined and he kept testing new rings.

Eventually his rings were good enough. Toyota said yes and his factory began to grow.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Were his rings eventually good enough?

Yes. Eventually his rings were good enough. Did he give up or stay determined?

He stayed determined and he kept testing new rings. What did some people do at his ideas?

Some people laughed at [clears throat] his ideas. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Then the war reached Japan's cities. In 1944, bombs destroyed one of his factories.

The next year, an earthquake brought down another one. Years of building were gone.

>> Great speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. Did bombs destroy one of his factories?

Yes. In 1944, bombs destroyed one of his factories. Did a fire or an earthquake bring down the other factory?

An earthquake brought down another one. What was gone after the earthquake? [clears throat] Years of building were gone. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> No. No, no. First the bombs, then the earthquake. It seemed that life itself was giving the answer.

So he sold what was left to Toyota for about a year. He rested and waited.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Did he keep his factories?

No. He sold what was left to Toyota. Did he rest for a year or for 10 years? For about a year he rested and waited. What seemed to be giving the answer?

It seemed that life itself was giving the answer. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> After the war, Japan had very little fuel. Buses and trains were full and people struggled to travel.

Honda found some small engines left over from the war. He fixed one to an ordinary bicycle.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. Did Japan have a lot of fuel after the war?

No. After the war, Japan had very little fuel. Did he fix the engine to a car or to a bicycle?

He fixed one to an ordinary bicycle. What did Honda find?

He found some small engines left over from the war. Now, back to the story. >> Suddenly, a bicycle could take a person across town without hard pedaling. Neighbors saw it and they wanted one, too.

At last the answer was not no. It was yes again and again.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. Did the neighbors want a bicycle like his?

Yes. Neighbors saw it and they wanted one too. At last was the answer no or yes.

At last the answer was yes again and again. What could a bicycle do now?

It could take a person across town without hard peddling. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> In 1946, he started a small research company. Its first products were those motorized bicycles.

In the end, that little company became Honda, a world leader in cars and motorcycles.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did he start a small research company in 1946?

Yes. In 1946, he started a small research company. Were its first products cars or motorized bicycles?

Its first products were those motorized bicycles. What did the little company become in the end?

In the end, it became Honda. a world leader in cars and motorcycles. >> Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next part. >> Look at his story again. The failures did not bring down the builder. They were part of the building.

The rejected rings sent him back to study how metal behaves. The destroyed factories taught him to start again with what was left over.

Now test yourself. >> Did the failures bring down the builder?

No. The failures did not bring down the builder. Were the failures part of the building or the end of it? They were part of the building. What did the destroyed factories teach him?

They taught him to start again with what was left over. >> Now this is the last part. Let's bring it home. >> Every no gave him something he used later, even when it did not feel like a gift.

This month, someone may have told you no. a low score or an application that came back.

Good. It means you are building something. Keep your workshop open and send your next application [clears throat] with one thing changed.

>> One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. Did every know give him something?

Yes. Every no gave him something he used later. Is a rejected application the end or does it mean you are building something? It means you are building something. What should you send with one thing changed?

Send your next application with one thing changed.

The grammar we practice today at first eventually in the end at first it went badly. Eventually, his rings were good enough. At last, the answer was not no. In the end, that little company became Honda, a world leader in cars and motorcycles.

Congratulations. You practiced 423 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's another story in your pocket. And you know, stories stick. Awesome.

Lincoln, the unknown. Dale Carnegie, Abraham Lincoln.

Let's jump into the story which is going to be about the national debt. >> The national debt from the book Lincoln the Unknown by Dale Cariegi. Repay. Repay. Repay. Earn a living. Repay every day. Repay. Repay every day. Repay. At 23, a tall young man in a small Illinois village became the part owner of a shop.

He had almost no money. [sighs and gasps] He and his partner William Bry bought the store with promises to pay later.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Did the young man become the part owner of a shop?

Yes. At 23, he became the part owner of a shop. Was the shop in a big city or a small village? [clears throat] The shop was in a small Illinois village. How did the partners buy the store?

They bought the store with promises to pay later. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> The village was New Salem and the tall young man was Abraham Lincoln.

The shop sold everyday goods to farmers. Lincoln liked the customers and he loved reading behind the counter.

Great. Speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. >> Did the shop sell everyday goods?

Yes. The shop sold everyday goods to farmers. Was selling goods his gift or was reading his love?

Selling goods was not his gift, and he loved reading behind the counter. What was the name of the village? The village was New Salem. >> Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue. >> Selling goods was not his gift, though. There were other shops nearby, and customers were few. Years

later, in a short account of his life, he said simply that the store wked out.

>> A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Did many customers come to the shop?

No, there were other shops nearby and customers were few. Did the store grow or wink out? He said simply that the store wked out. When did he describe the store this way?

Years later, in a short account of his life, he described it. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> The shop closed, but the money the partners owed did not disappear with it.

At 25, things became worse. His partner died and Lincoln took on the debts of both men.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Did the money disappear when the shop closed?

No, the money the partners owed did not disappear. Did Lincoln take on his own debts or the debts of both men?

Lincoln took on the debts of both men. What happened to his partner?

>> His partner died when Lincoln was 25. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> He could have found a legal way out and started again. Many men took that way out. He turned it down.

He decided that every person would be paid back however long it took.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Did Lincoln take the legal way out?

No. Many men took that way out, but he turned it down. Would every person be paid back or only some?

He decided that every person would be paid back. How long would it take to pay back every person?

Every person would be paid back. However long it took. >> Nice one. Let's continue. He went to each person he owed and asked for one thing time. All but one agreed.

That one man went to court. The legal case cost Lincoln his horse and his surveying tools. [laughter]

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Did all but one person agree?

Yes. He asked for time and all but one agreed. Did that one man wait or go to court? That one man went to court. What did the legal case cost Lincoln?

The legal case cost Lincoln his horse and his surveying tools. All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Those tools were how he earned a living, surveying land. A friend bought them back for him.

He moved to Springfield, studied law, and slowly began to earn a living in court. He was still paying

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Did a friend buy the tools back for him?

Yes. A friend bought them back for him. Did he earn a living by surveying land or by farming?

Those tools were how he earned a living, surveying land. What did he study in Springfield?

He moved to Springfield and studied law. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> He paid the debt off slowly with money that could have made his own life easier. Year

after year, the same small choice came back. Repay the old debt first.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Did he pay the debt off quickly?

No, he paid the debt off slowly. Did he repay the old debt first or make his own life easier? Year after year, he chose to repay the old debt first. What came back year after year? The same small choice came back. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue.

>> The saving and repaying went on for about 14 years before the last of it was gone.

Read that number again. 14 years of paying back money for a shop that lasted a short time.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Did the repaying go on for about 14 years?

Yes. The saving and repaying went on for about 14 years. Did the shop last a long time or a short time? The shop lasted a short time. What were those 14 years for?

14 years of paying back money for a shop. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> By then, he was about 40, a lawyer and a member of Congress.

People noticed his name for honesty grew and followed him into public life.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. Was he about 40 by then?

Yes. By then he was about 40. Was he a shop owner or a member of Congress by then? He was a lawyer and a member of Congress. What grew and followed him into public life.

His name for honesty grew and followed him into public life. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Keeping a promise is easy when it costs nothing. The real test comes when it costs you years.

A debt is a promise with a number on it. It spends your future before you have earned it. He kept that promise anyway.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Is keeping a promise easy when it costs nothing?

Yes, keeping a promise is easy when it costs nothing. Did he keep that promise or look for a way out? He kept that promise anyway. What does a debt spend? [clears throat] It spends your future before you have earned it. >> Now this is the last part. Let's bring it home. You have made promises too

to your family, to your teacher, maybe to yourself about your English.

Some will take weeks. Others like a new language will take years of small everyday payments.

So, how old are you today? And how old will you be when that promise is finally kept?

last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Have you made promises, too?

Yes, you have made promises too, maybe to yourself about your English. Will a new language take weeks or years?

A new language will take years of small everyday payments. Who have you made promises to?

You have made promises to your family and to your teacher.

The grammar we practice today, phrasal verbs with objects. His partner died and Lincoln took on the debts of both men. He turned it down. He paid the debt off slowly with money that could have made his own life easier.

Congratulations. You practiced 422 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Finished. That's amazing.

Which is great.

That's amazing. Why sleep? Why you know [laughter] sleep works?

for

[laughter]

the dream after the work. The dream after the work from the book Why We Sleep by Matthew Walker. Element Chemist. Fellow. Chemistry. Description. Passage. Deeply. Periodic. Wake up. Fall into place. There is a story that many people love. A great scientist falls asleep and wakes up with the answer.

It is the story of Dimmitri Mendelv, the Russian chemist who gave chemistry the periodic table.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. Does the scientist in the story wake up with the answer?

Yes. A great scientist falls asleep and wakes up with the answer. Was Mendelv a Russian chemist or a Russian doctor? He was a Russian chemist. What did Mendel give chemistry?

He gave chemistry the periodic table. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. Matthew Walker, a sleep scientist, retells it in why we sleep. He uses it to show how sleep helps solve problems.

People love this story because it sounds easy. Close your eyes and genius arrives.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Is Matthew Walker a sleep scientist?

Yes, Matthew Walker is a sleep scientist. Does the story sound easy or hard?

It sounds easy. Close your eyes and genius arrives. Which book retells this story?

Matthew Walker retells it in Why We Sleep. >> Here's Odd. Now let's come to the next part. >> The dream may well be true. A fellow scientist later wrote down Mendelv's own description of it.

In that account he saw every element fall into place in a dream. On waking up, he wrote it down at once.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Did a fellow scientist write down Mendeliff's description?

Yes, a fellow scientist later wrote down Mendelv's own description of it. Did he write it down at once or a week later?

At once on waking up he wrote it down at once. What did he see in the dream?

He saw every element fall into place. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> What people forget is this. The dream did not come to a rested man.

For years he had taught chemistry and now he was writing a large textbook.

His fellow chemists knew more than 60 elements. Yet nobody had found a clear order for them.

>> Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. Had he taught chemistry for years?

Yes. For years he had taught chemistry. Had anybody found a clear order for the elements or had nobody?

Nobody had found a clear order for them. How many elements did his fellow chemists know? His fellow chemists knew more than 60 elements. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. He wrote each element on a separate card and moved the cards around his desk again and again.

He tried rows by weight. He tried groups by behavior. Some patterns worked and many did not.

>> Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Did he write each element on a separate card?

Yes, he wrote each element on a separate card. Did all his patterns work or did many fail?

Many did not work. Some patterns worked and many did not. What did he do with the cards?

He moved the cards around his desk again and again. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> In February 1869, he worked on the problem for days with very little rest.

He had pushed himself so hard that he was deeply tired. At last he fell asleep and the dream [sighs]

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Had he rested well before the dream?

No, he had pushed himself so hard that he was deeply tired. Did he work for days or for one hour?

He worked on the problem for days with very little rest. When did the dream come?

At last he fell asleep. And then the dream came. Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> His mind had gone so deeply into the problem that it kept working while he slept.

Then comes the second part people forget. He did not wait and he did not trust his memory.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. Had his mind gone deeply into the problem?

Yes. His mind had gone so deeply into the problem that it kept working. Did he trust his memory or did he act?

He did not trust his memory. He did not wait. What did his mind do while he slept?

It kept working while he slept. >> Now back to the story. >> He immediately put the first form of his periodic table on paper. His table even had empty spaces. He said new elements would fill them. And he described them.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Did he put his periodic table on paper immediately?

Yes. He immediately put the first form of his periodic table on paper. Was his table full or did it have empty spaces? It had empty spaces. What did he say would fill the spaces?

He said new elements would fill them. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Within about 20 years, chemists found three of them. They closely matched the descriptions he had given.

So the truer story is not about magic. It has three parts. Hard work, then rest, then fast action. Awesome.

Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Did the new elements match the descriptions he had given?

Yes. They closely matched the descriptions he had given. Did chemists find three of them or 10?

Chemists found three of them within about 20 years. What three parts does the truer story have?

Hard work then rest then fast action. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Walker is right that sleep helps It can connect ideas that a tired, busy mind cannot.

Still, sleep can only work with what you give it. Nothing can fall into place in an empty mind.

>> Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. Is Walker right that sleep helps?

Yes, Walker is right that sleep helps. Can things fall into place in an empty mind or not?

Not in an empty mind. Nothing can fall into place in an empty mind. What can sleep only work with?

Sleep can only work with what you give it. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Work hard on a problem while you are awake. Then let your mind finish it. While you rest.

Perhaps an essay will not come together, or a listening passage keeps escaping you.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? Should you work hard on a problem while you are awake?

Yes. Work hard on it while you are awake. Should your mind finish it while you rest or while you worry?

While you rest, let your mind finish it. While you rest, what might keep escaping you? A listening passage might keep escaping you. Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> Give that essay or passage real time today and let yourself struggle with it.

Tomorrow morning, go back to it first. notebook in hand. Write down what you see before it disappears.

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. >> Should you give that passage real time today?

Yes. Give that essay or passage real time today. Should you go back to it tomorrow morning or next week?

Tomorrow morning, go back to it first, notebook in hand. What should you write down tomorrow morning?

Write down what you see before it disappears.

The grammar we practice today, past perfect. For years he had taught chemistry and now he was writing a large textbook. His fellow chemists knew more than 60 elements, yet nobody had found a clear order for them. He had pushed himself so hard that he was deeply tired. His mind had gone so deeply into the

problem that it kept working while he slept.

Congratulations. You practiced 421 words in this story and you learned a lot. Great job.

That's amazing.

And that's such an amazing thing.

Fine, let's go. Let's jump into the story, The Flight to Sydney. >> The Flight to Sydney from the book Elon Musk by Walter Isacson. Vote. Attempt. Position. Friendship. Remain. Push out. Straight. Walk away. Stay on. Well, over. A young man sat on a long night flight to Sydney. At last, he was going on holiday with

his wife.

For months he had worked day and night on his online payment company.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Was he going on holiday with his wife?

Yes. At last he was going on holiday with his wife. Had he worked for months or for a few days?

For months he had worked day and night on his company. Where was the young man flying?

He sat on a long night flight to Sydney. >> Now, back to the story. >> He was Elon Musk, still in his 20s, the boss of X.com. Soon it would be called PayPal.

While his plane was in the air, the company's board met without him.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. Was he the boss of x.com?

Yes, he was the boss of X.com. Still in his 20s. Did the board meet with him or without him?

Without him. The board met while his plane was in the air. What would x.com soon be called?

Soon it would be called PayPal. >> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next part. Several partners disagreed with his plans for the technology and the name. They voted to remove him from his position as CEO.

By the time he landed, the board had voted. He was no longer the boss of his own company.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Did the partners vote to remove him? [clears throat]

Yes. They voted to remove him from his position as CEO. When he landed, had the board voted or was it still meeting? The board had voted by the time he landed. What position did he lose?

his position as CEO. He was no longer the boss. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Stop here and judge the scene. What would a proud [clears throat] young founder do after being pushed out?

Maybe anger, maybe lawyers, a public fight, and the end of every old friendship.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions. >> Was the young founder pushed out.

Yes, the young founder was pushed out. Would a proud founder feel calm or feel anger?

Maybe anger, maybe lawyers and a public fight. What might end in a public fight? Every old friendship might end. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Maybe he would walk away and never speak to them again. Most people would understand that.

He did fly straight back to California and made one attempt to change the decision.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Would most people understand if he walked away? Yes, most people would understand that. Did he fly straight back to California or stay in Sydney? He did fly straight back to California. What did he make one attempt to do?

He made one attempt to change the decision. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> It did not work. [sighs and gasps] The board had already chosen a new leader, Peter Teal, one of the partners who removed him.

One fact changed the whole scene. After that one attempt had failed, he decided not to fight. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. >> Had the board already chosen a new leader.

Yes. The board had already chosen a new leader, Peter Teal. After the attempt had failed, did he fight or decide not to?

He decided not to fight after that one attempt had failed. Who was the new leader?

>> Peter Teal, one of the partners who removed him. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> He accepted the decision, stayed on as an adviser, and kept helping the company.

He also kept his shares. In fact, he remained the largest share formulary.

Okay, questions time. >> Did he stay on as an advisor?

Yes, he stayed on as an adviser and kept helping the company. Did he fight the decision or accept it? He accepted the decision. What did he remain?

He remained the largest shareholder. Now stories calling us. Let's continue. >> Walter Isaxson's biography describes this moment. >> It is easy to miss among the rockets.

In 2002, eBay bought PayPal for about $1.5 billion.

Now, the floor is yours. Let's go. Does Walter Isaxson's biography describe this moment?

Yes. Walter Isacson's biography describes this moment. Did eBay buy PayPal or did PayPal buy eBay?

eBay bought PayPal in 2002. How much did eBay pay for PayPal?

about $1.5 billion. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> His shares had remained his and now they were worth well over $100 million.

He put well over half of it into SpaceX for rockets and Tesla for electric cars.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Had his shares remained his.

Yes, his shares had remained his. Were his shares worth well over $100 million or less?

They were worth well over $100 million. Where did he put well over half of it?

He put it into Space X for rockets and Tesla for electric cars. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. go back to that flight to Sydney. At first, being pushed out looked like the end of his story.

Now it looks like the flight that led straight to rockets and cars.

>> Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> At first, did being pushed out look like the end?

Yes. At first it looked like the end of his story. Now does that flight look like an end or a beginning?

It looks like the flight that led straight to rockets and cars. Which flight should we go back to? Go back to that flight to Sydney. >> Nice one. Let's continue. The loss was real and it hurt. Yet he did not walk away and he did not turn it into a war.

A public fight could have hurt the company, his friendships, and his shares. Staying on calmly helped protect all three.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Did he walk away?

No, he did not walk away and he did not turn it into a war. Was the loss real or not real? The loss was real and it hurt. What could a public fight have hurt?

The company, his friendships, and his shares. And now the big finish. >> Losing a position is not the end. What you do in the weeks after it can shape your next 10 years.

One day you may lose something you worked hard for, like a place you felt you had earned.

So see your next loss differently. Like that flight to Sydney. It may one day look like a start.

One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Is losing a position. The end?

No. Losing a position is not the end. Can the weeks after a loss shape your next 10 days or 10 years?

What you do in the weeks after it can shape your next 10 years. What might you lose one day? a place you felt you had earned.

The grammar we practice today, past perfect versus past simple. By the time he landed, the board had voted. It did not work. The board had already chosen a new leader, Peter Theal, one of the partners who removed him. After that one attempt had failed, he decided not to fight. His shares had remained his, and now

they were worth well over $100 million.

Congratulations. You practiced 424 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.

That's That's super great.

Five toech.

social media, Google

Fore

techniques.

It was such a wonderful experience. I'm very grateful to be a part of your course and advise everyone to take part in your course in order to achieve their goals. Uh and thank you so much for a great effort and inspiring team. for video. So you go

forch.

But anyways, one of the most interesting books, Willpower,

willpower

the willpower.

The little black spots. The little black spots from the book willpower by Roy F. Bowmeister and John Tierney. Virtue spot column. Ambitious weed track guard underneath. Move on. Humility. One young man. 13 virtues. One small book with red lines drawn carefully across every page.

The young man was Benjamin Franklin and he had a very ambitious plan to become a better person.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. Did Franklin have an ambitious plan?

Yes, he had a very ambitious plan. to become a better person. Did the book have 13 virtues or 30?

13 virtues in one small book. What was drawn across every page of the book.

Red lines were drawn carefully across every page. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Not a little better. He wrote that he wanted to live without committing any fault at any time.

First he listed the good qualities he wanted to build. He called them virtues.

>> Did that make sense? Now let's check. >> Did he want to be only a little better?

No, not a little better. He wanted to live without any fault. Did he call the good qualities virtues or rusty? He called them virtues. What did he list first?

He listed the good qualities he wanted to build. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. There was silence, order, careful spending, hard work, honesty, calm and later humility.

Then he noticed a problem. While he guarded against one fault, another one would often surprise him.

Speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Was humility one of his virtues?

Yes. Humility came later at the end of his list. Would another fault surprise him often or never? often

another one would often surprise him. What did he guard against? He guarded against one fort. So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. >> Habit, he wrote, took advantage of the moments when his attention was somewhere else.

So he stopped trying to fix everything at once. Instead, he made himself a small book.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did habit take advantage of his attention?

Yes, habit took advantage when his attention was somewhere else. Did he fix everything at once or stopped trying? He stopped trying to fix everything at once. What did he make himself? He made himself a small book. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Each virtue had its own line, one

underneath the other. Across the page were seven columns. One for each day.

Every evening he would check his day. For each fault he used to mark the line with a little black spot.

every sentence. Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Did he used to mark each fault with a spot?

Yes. He used to mark the line with a little black spot. Were there seven columns or 10?

Seven columns, one for each day. What would he do every evening?

Every evening he would check his day. Now stories calling us. Let's continue. >> Each week he would give his strict attention to only one virtue.

When that line stayed clean, he would move on to the next. After 13 weeks, he could start again.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Would he give his attention to every virtue each week?

>> No. Each week he would give his strict attention to only one virtue. When a line stayed clean, would he stop or move on? He would move on to the next. What could he do after 13 weeks?

After 13 weeks, he could start again. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> He compared the plan to weeding a garden. A wise gardener does not pull up every weed at once.

He works on one bed of flowers at a time, finishes it, and moves on to the next.

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Does a wise gardener pull up every weed at once?

No. A wise gardener does not pull up every weed at once. [clears throat] Did he compare the plan to weeding a garden or building a house?

He compared it to weeding a garden. What does the gardener do after he finishes one bed? He moves on to the next. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Were the pages ever clean? No. He found far more faults in himself than he had imagined.

Order was the hardest. Even as an old man, he admitted with humility that he had never really mastered it.

>> Great speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. Were the pages ever clean?

No. He found far more faults than he had imagined. Was order the easiest or the hardest? Order was the hardest. What did he admit with humility as an old man?

He admitted that he had never really mastered order. >> Nice one. Let's continue. Yet near the end of his account, one sentence makes the whole project worth it.

He never reached perfection. Still, he wrote, "The effort made him a better and a happier man.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Did he ever reach perfection?

No, he never reached perfection. Did the effort make him a worse man or a better and happier man?

It made him a better and a happier man. Where is the sentence that makes the project worth it? It is near the end of his account. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Modern research on self-control points the same way. Willpower is limited. So focus beats spreading it thin.

Tracking one thing at a time is how small honest progress becomes something you can see.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Is willpower limited?

Yes. Willpower is limited. Should you track one thing at a time or many things? [gasps]

One thing at a time. Focus beats spreading it thin. What becomes something you can see.

Small honest progress becomes something you can see. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Build Franklin's Little Book for your English. It is an ambitious plan that needs only a page and a pen.

Choose one skill to track this week. Listening, speaking, vocabulary, or grammar. Write it at the top.

>> No, the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Is Franklin's little book an ambitious plan?

Yes, it is an ambitious plan that needs only a page and a pen. Should you track one skill this week or four?

one skill. Choose one skill to track this week. Where should you write your skill? Write it at the top. >> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring it home. >> Draw seven columns. Each evening, give yourself a small spot if you skipped your practice.

Next week, guard that first line and keep it clean. Then add a second skill underneath it.

Expect spots. Frank Franklin had many. The spots are not failure. They are a map of where to work next.

last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Should you give yourself a spot if you skipped your practice?

Yes. Each evening, give yourself a small spot if you skipped it. Should the second skill go above the first or underneath it?

underneath it. Guard that first line. Then add a second skill underneath. What are the spots if they are not failure?

They are a map of where to work next.

The grammar we practice today, used to versus would. While he guarded against one fault, another one would often surprise him. Every evening, he would check his day. For each fault, he used to mark the line with a little black spot. Each week he would give his strict attention to only one virtue.

Congratulations. You practiced 426 words in this story and you learned a lot. Fabulous. for

that was it. I I really really appreciate you practicing your English and learning something new.

What's the difference? Let's jump into the story. The man who looked right. >> The man who looked right from the book Blink by Malcolm Gladwell. Candidate, senator, error, handsome, voter, surely, rank, broad, plame, switch off. Behind a small hotel in Ohio, two men sat side by side while their shoes were being cleaned.

One was a political organizer named Harry Dority, a man who knew how elections were won.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Were the two men sitting behind a hotel?

Yes. They sat side by side behind a small hotel in Ohio. Was Dockerti a doctor or a political organizer? He was a political organizer. What did Dati know?

He knew how elections were won. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> The other owned a newspaper in a nearby town. Dorati turned and studied him carefully.

Look at him through Darat's eyes. He was tall, broad, and handsome with thick dark hair and a deep voice.

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Was the other man handsome?

Yes, he was tall, broad, and handsome. Did the other man own a newspaper or a hotel?

He owned a newspaper in a nearby town. What kind of voice did he have? He had a deep voice. >> Okay, now listening mode. He stood straight, shook hands warmly, and had the calm, serious face of a leader in a painting.

Be honest. If you chose a leader from his face alone, you would probably choose him, too.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Did he stand straight?

Yes, he stood straight and shook hands warmly. Did he have the face of a leader or of a farmer?

He had the calm, serious face of a leader in a painting. Who would you probably choose from his face alone? You would probably choose him, too. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Doy had exactly that thought. He decided that this man would make a great president.

The man was Warren Harding. Over the next 20 years, Dority was going to push him upward.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Didi decide this man would make a great president?

Yes. He decided that this man would make a great president. Was Dati going to push him upward? or hold him back. Dockate was going to push him upward. What was the man's name? The man was Warren Harding. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Harding became a state senator and then

a United States senator. He was friendly and people liked him.

in the Senate. However, he did little that anyone remembered.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did Harding become a senator?

Yes, he became a state senator and then a United States senator. In the Senate, did he do much or little? He did little that anyone remembered. Why did people like him? He was friendly and people liked him. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. You might object here.

Surely the voters would look deeper than his face. Surely someone would ask what he had done.

In 1920, his party could not agree on a candidate. Tired leaders finally chose the man who looked right.

Great, speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. >> Could his party agree on a candidate?

No. In 1920, his party could not agree on a candidate. Did the leaders choose the best record or the man who looked right?

Tired leaders chose the man who looked right. What might you object here? Surely the voters would look deeper than his face. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. >> They believed the voters would love him. He won the election easily.

The handsome candidate, a small town newspaper owner, was now president of the United States.

every sentence. Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Did the leaders believe the voters would love him?

Yes, they believed the voters would love him. Did he win the election easily or lose it? He won the election easily. who was now president of the United States,

the handsome candidate, a small town newspaper owner. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Then the picture began to break. Some friends he had given power used it to take public money.

Harding died in office about 2 years after he began. He would never see the worst scandals come out.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Would Harding see the worst scandals come out?

No, he would never see the worst scandals come out. Did his friends use power well or take public money?

Some friends used it to take public money. When did Harding die?

He died in office about 2 years after he began. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Today, historians often rank him among the weakest presidents in American history.

Nobody had lied about Harding. People saw broad shoulders on a president's face and stopped asking questions.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. Do historians rank him among the best presidents?

No. They often rank him among the weakest presidents. Had someone lied about Harding or had nobody lied? Nobody had lied about Harding. What did people see?

People saw broad shoulders and a president's face. >> Now, back to the story. >> That is the real danger. A strong first look can switch off the careful part of your mind.

In Blink, Malcolm Gladwell gives this mistake a name. He calls it the Warren Harding error.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Can a strong first look switch off your careful mind?

Yes, it can switch off the careful part of your mind. Dust Bled will call it the Harding error or the Harding lie.

He calls it the Warren Harding error. Which book gives this mistake a name

in Blink? Malcolm Gladwell gives it a name. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. Quick judgments can be useful. The trouble starts when a good look switches off your search for evidence.

You probably make small harding errors too, especially when you choose how to learn.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Are quick judgments always bad?

No. Quick judgments can be useful. Does the trouble start with evidence or with a good look?

It starts when a good look switches off your search for evidence. When do you make small harding errors? especially when you choose how to learn. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. A course with a beautiful website. A teacher with a perfect accent.

An app full of bright colors.

None of these tell you whether you will actually improve. Rank your options by results. Instead,

>> now test yourself. Does a beautiful website tell you whether you will improve?

No. None of these tell you whether you will actually improve. Should you rank your options by results or by looks?

Rank your options by results instead. What is the app full of? [snorts] It is full of bright colors. And now the big finish. >> Turn it around, too. A plain method or a quiet classmate may hold what you need.

So carry one plain rule into your next choice. Judge the record, not the look.

Here's the last questions. I want you to give them everything you've got. Could a plain method hold what you need?

Yes, a plain method may hold what you need. Should you judge the record or the look? Judge the record, not the look. What else may hold what you need? A quiet classmate may hold what you need.

The grammar we practice today, future in the past. He decided that this man would make a great president. Over the next 20 years, Doaty was going to push him upward. Surely the voters would look deeper than his face. Surely someone would ask what he had done.

Congratulations. You practiced 428 words in this story and you learned a lot.

That's amazing. That's that's such a beautiful opportunity. Atomic habit. [snorts]

foreign.

Okay.

Let's jump into the story. The red robe. >> The red robe from the book Atomic Habits by James Clear. Purchase. Philosopher. Slave. Leather. Warn. Society. Sculpture hang straw dressing gown. A red robe. Soft, bright and beautiful. The kind of robe a rich man wears at home.

In 1765, a robe like this came to a French writer who had been poor for years.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Was the robe red?

>> Yes. It was a red robe, soft, bright, and beautiful. Did the robe come to a French writer or a Russian king? It came to a French writer. How long had the writer been poor? He had been poor for years. >> Great job. Now back to the story. >> He was Deni Dero,

a famous philosopher, a thinker who asked big questions about life and society.

That year he needed money for his daughter's wedding and he did not have it.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? Was Dedero a famous philosopher?

Yes, he was a famous philosopher. Did he ask big questions about life and society or about money?

He asked big questions about life and society. What did he need money for? He needed money for his daughter's wedding. >> Now, back to the story. Then Catherine the Great, the Empress of Russia, heard about his problem and bought his library.

She also paid him a salary to look after the books for her. Suddenly the poor philosopher had money.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Did Catherine the Great buy his library?

Yes, she heard about his problem and bought his library. Was the philosopher still poor or did he suddenly have money?

Suddenly the poor philosopher had money. What did she pay him to do?

She paid him a salary to look after the books for her. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Soon afterwards he received the red robe, a fine dressing gown. He loved it at once.

Then he looked around his study and something strange happened. Next to the robe, his old things looked different.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Was the red robe a dressing gown?

Yes, it was a fine dressing gun. Did he love the robe or hate it? He loved it at once. What looked different next to the robe?

Next to the robe, his old things looked different. Here's odd. Now, let's come to the next part. >> His worn rug looked cheap. His straw chair looked sad. He wished his whole room looked as fine as the robe.

The robe was so fine that every worn old thing seemed to let it down.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Did he wish his whole room looked as fine as the robe?

Yes. He wished his whole room looked as fine as the robe. Was his straw chair happy or sad? His straw chair looked sad. What looked cheap? His worn rug looked cheap. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> So, he replaced the old rug with an expensive new one from Damascus.

Then he bought sculptures for the room and a new mirror to hang above the fireplace.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did he keep the old rug?

No, he replaced the old rug with an expensive new one. Did he hang a new mirror or a new clock above the fireplace?

He bought a new mirror to hang above the fireplace. What did he buy for the room? He bought sculptures for the room. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. The straw chair went and a leather armchair took its place. A better table came next.

One purchase led to another and then another like a line of falling dominoes.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Did a leather armchair take the place of the straw chair?

Yes. The straw chair went and a leather armchair took its place. Did one purchase stop there or lead to another?

One purchase led to another and then another. What were [clears throat] the purchases like?

They were like a line of falling dominoes. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. The same dominoes still fall today. You buy a new phone and suddenly you wish your old case looked newer

for Dido. The chain ended in debt. Later he wrote an essay about the whole experience.

>> Okay, questions time. With a new phone, do you wish your old case looked newer?

Yes. Suddenly you wish your old case looked newer. Did the chain end in wealth or in debt?

For Dedo, the [sighs and gasps] chain ended in debt. What did Dedo write later?

He wrote an essay about the whole experience. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> He called it regrets on parting with my old dressing gown. in it. He [clears throat] wished he had his old robe back

of his old robe. He said that he had been its master.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now, it's over to you to answer them. >> Did he wish he had his old robe back?

Yes. He wished he had his old robe back. Was he the master or the slave of his old robe? He had been its master. What did he call his essay?

He called it regrets on parting with my old dressing gown. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Of the new robe, he wrote, "I have become a slave to my new one.

He wished he was the master again, not a slave to sculptures and a lever armchair.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. Did he become a slave to his new robe?

Yes. He wrote that he had become a slave to his new one. Did he wish he was a slave or the master again? He wished he was the master again. What was he a slave to?

He was a slave to scouches and a leather armchair. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Today, this pattern has a name. The dedo effect. One new thing can pull a chain of spending behind it.

The danger is not the first purchase. It is how that purchase changes what looks normal to you.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Does this pattern have a name?

Yes. Today this pattern has a name, the dedo effect. Is the danger the first purchase or how it changes what looks normal.

The danger is how that purchase changes what looks normal to you. What can one new thing pull behind it?

One new thing can pull a chain of spending behind it. Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> In a society that sells new things every day, financial freedom means noticing the chain before it starts.

Before

your next big purchase, ask if it will make you wish your other things were new.

Some robes come alone. Others come with a new rug, a mirror to hang, and a debt folded inside.

One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Does financial freedom mean noticing the chain before it starts?

Yes, financial freedom means noticing the chain before it starts. Will a big purchase make you wish your other things were new or old?

Ask if it will make you wish your other things were new. What do some robes come with?

Some come with a new rug, a mirror to hang, and a debt folded inside.

The grammar we practice today. Wish plus past simple. He wished his whole room looked as fine as the robe. You buy a new phone and suddenly you wish your old case looked newer. in it. He wished he had his old robe back. He wished he was the master again, not a slave to sculptures and a leather

armchair.

Congratulations. You practiced 423 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Super proud of you.

This is great. Let's give it up. The snowball. Warren Buffett. Warren Buff.

snowball.

Oh my god. Warren Buffett.

The shred of reputation. >> A shred of reputation from the book The Snowball by Alice [clears throat] Schroeder. Ruthless. Resign. Investigator. Critical tempting trader step in earn back section bid. Lose [clears throat] money for the firm and I will be understanding. lose a shred of reputation for the firm and I will be ruthless.

Warren Buffett said those words to the United States Congress in September 1991.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Did Buffett say he would be ruthless about reputation?

Yes. Lose a shred of reputation for the firm and I will be ruthless. Did he say those words to Congress or to a newspaper?

He said those words to the United States Congress. When did he say those words?

He said them in September 1991. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. He was talking about Salomon Brothers, a huge Wall Street firm caught breaking the rules.

One of its traders had cheated in government auctions, trying to bid for more than allowed.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Was Salomon Brothers caught breaking the rules?

Yes, it was a huge Wall Street firm caught breaking the rules. Did the trader try to bid for more or less than allowed? He tried to bid for more than allowed. who cheated in government auctions.

One of its traders cheated in government auctions. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Worse, the firm's top bosses knew about the traders cheating and did not report it for months.

the chairman resigned and two other top bosses resigned with him.

The firm could be banned from bidding in government auctions. That could have killed it.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. Did the chairman resign?

Yes, the chairman resigned and two other top bosses resigned with him. Could the firm be banned from bidding or was it safe?

The firm could be banned from bidding in government auctions. What did the top bosses know about? They knew about the traders cheating. >> Okay, now listening mode. Thousands of jobs were at risk. Buffett's company was a major investor, so he was asked to step in.

He agreed to step in as interim chairman. He was 60 years old and he did not need this problem.

>> Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. Was Buffett asked to step in?

Yes, he was asked to step in. Did he step in as interim chairman or as a trader? He agreed to step in as interim chairman. How old was he? He was 60 years old. >> Now, back to the story. >> Think about that moment. He could have stayed quiet. Instead, he put his name in front of the

scandal.

He promised that Salomon would help the investigators in every way. Nothing would be hidden.

>> Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Did he stay quiet?

No, instead he put his name in front of the scandal. Would something be hidden from the investigators or nothing? Nothing would be hidden. What did he promise?

He promised that Salomon would help the investigators in every way. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> He told every employee that any broken rule must be reported directly to him. He even gave them his home number.

Then he gave them a simple test for any action they were unsure about.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. Did he give employees his home number?

Yes, he even gave them his home number. Master broken rule be reported to him or hidden.

Any broken rule must be reported directly to him. What did he give them for any action they were unsure about? He gave them a simple test. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> He asked them to imagine the action on tomorrow's front page written by a smart critical reporter.

Would they be happy for their family and friends to read it? If not, they should not do it.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Was the deorter smart and critical?

Yes. The action was written by a smart, critical reporter. Would it be on tomorrow's front page or the back page? It would be on tomorrow's front page. What should they do if they would not be happy? [clears throat] If not, they should not do it. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now.

>> Salomon still paid a very large fine and some people lost their careers.

Yet the firm survived partly because the investigators saw his honesty. Slowly it earned back trust.

>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did Solomon still pay a fine?

Yes, Salomon still paid a very large fine. Did the firm die or did it earn back trust?

The firm survived and slowly it earned back trust. What did the investigators see?

The investigators saw his honesty. [clears throat] >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> After about 10 months, he handed the firm to a new leader and returned to his own work.

Alice Schroeder gives these months a whole section in the snowball. her long biography of Buffett.

Great speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. >> Did he stay at the firm forever?

No. After about 10 months, he handed the firm to a new leader. Does Alice Schroeder give these months a whole section or one line?

She gives these months a whole section in the snowball. What is the snowball? It is her long biography of Buffett. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. The lesson of that section works far from Wall Street. Your reputation travels everywhere with you.

In your studies, it may be tempting to copy an answer or pay someone to write your essay.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Does the lesson of that section work far from Wall Street?

Yes. The lesson of that section works far from Wall Street. Does your reputation stay at home or travel everywhere with you?

Your reputation travels everywhere with you. What may be tempting in your studies.

It may be tempting to copy an answer or pay someone to write your essay. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. Now imagine that critical reporter again. Something that has been built over years can be lost in a minute.

A lost mark can be earned back next week. A damaged reputation can follow you for years. [clears throat]

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. Can something that has been built over years be lost in a minute?

Yes. Something that has been built over years can be lost in a minute. Can a lost mark or a damaged reputation be earned back next week? A lost mark can be earned back next week. Who should you imagine again? [clears throat] Imagine that critical reporter again. >> Now, this is the time for the ending of

the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. >> So, when a shortcut feels tempting, go back to his first words and make them yours.

lose a mark and be understanding with yourself. Lose a shred of your honesty and be ruthless.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. >> When a shortcut feels tempting, should you go back to his first words?

Yes. Go back to his first words and make them yours. If you lose a mark, should you be understanding or ruthless with yourself,

lose a mark and be understanding with yourself. When should you be ruthless?

lose a shred of your honesty and be ruthless.

The grammar we practice today, passive, perfect and modal. The firm could be banned from bidding in government auctions. nothing would be hidden. He told every employee that any broken rule must be reported directly to him. Something that has been built over years can be lost in a minute.

Congratulations. You practiced 420 words in this story and you learned a lot.

[clears throat]

TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a lot of things.

That's that this is the right way. That's amazing. I build to last.

Jim Collins [laughter]

31 million bottles. >> 31 million bottles from the book Built to Last by Jim Collins and Jerry I. Porz. Overnight duty advise seal sharply debate chairman capsule pill come off late September 1982 Near Chicago, several people fall ill after taking a command pain pill.

Within days, seven people have died. Someone has put poison inside the capsules.

The pill is called Tylenol, the leading painkiller in America.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Do several people fall ill after taking a pain pill?

Yes, several people fall ill after taking a common pain pill. Is Tylenol a small brand or the leading painkiller in America? Tylenol is the leading painkiller in America. What has someone put inside the capsules?

Someone has put poison inside the capsules. All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. It belongs to Johnson and Johnson and the company's chairman is a man called James Burke,

early October. The police believe the poison was added after the bottles had reached the shops.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Is James Burke the company's chairman?

Yes. The company's chairman is a man called James Burke. Was the poison added before or after the bottles reached the shops?

The poison was added after the bottles had reached the shops. Who does Tylenol belong to?

It belongs to Johnson and Johnson. Now back to the story. >> So the company is not to blame. A stranger has done this in a few shops in one city.

You might advise something simple. Take the bottles out of Chicago and wait.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. Is the company to blame? No, the company is not to blame. Has a stranger done this or has the company done it?

A stranger has done this in a few shops in one city. What simple thing might you advise?

Take the bottles out of Chicago and wait. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. >> At first, even government officials advise against pulling the product from every shop in the country.

October 5th, the chairman decides anyway. Every bottle of Tylenol capsules in America must come off the shelves.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Do government officials advise pulling the product from every shop?

No, at first they advise against pulling the product from every shop. Does the chairman wait or does he decide anyway?

The chairman decides anyway what must come off the shelves.

Every bottle of Tylenol capsules in America must come off the shelves. Good job. Let's continue the story. >> He has all of them collected. About 31 million bottles. Read that number again. 31 million bottles.

They are worth a fortune [sighs] and almost all of them are safe.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Does Burke have all the bottles collected?

Yes, he has all of them collected about 31 million bottles. Are most of the bottles safe or poisoned? Almost all of them are safe. What does Burke have collected?

He has all the Tylenol bottles collected. Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> He also has warnings broadcast on television. Nobody should take the capsules for now.

As the bottles come off the shelves, the brand's share of the market falls sharply almost overnight.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Does he have warnings broadcast on television?

Yes, he also has warnings broadcast on television. Does the market share fall slowly or sharply?

It falls sharply almost overnight. What should nobody take for now?

Nobody should take the capsules for now. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> One well-known advertising man tells reporters that the brand will never sell again.

Why does Burke move so fast? The hidden answer is a single page.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Does the advertising man think the brand will sell again?

No. He tells reporters that the brand will never sell again. Is the hidden answer a single page or a long book? The hidden answer is a single page. Who does the advertising man tell? He tells reporters. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> It is the company's credo. A page of values written in the 1940s

by an earlier leader.

The credo says the company's first duty is to the people who use its products. Profit comes last.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Was the Credo written in the 1940s?

Yes, it was written in the 1940s by an earlier leader. Does profit come first or last? Profit comes last. What is the company's first duty?

Its first duty is to the people who use its products. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Years before the crisis, Burke had that page debated by his managers line by line.

Should any line change? They debate it openly and in the end they keep it.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did Burke have that page debated by his managers?

Yes. Years before the crisis, Burke had that page debated by his managers. Do they throw the page away or keep it? In the end, they keep it. How do the managers debate the page?

They debate it openly, line by line. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> So on the worst days, nobody needs a new plan. Their duty is already written down.

November. Tylenol returns to the shops. Burke has every new percentage closed with three seals.

>> Now test yourself. Does Burke have every new package closed with three seals?

Yes. Burke has every new package closed with three seals. Is their duty already written down or do they need a new plan? Their duty is already written down. When does Tylenol return to the shops?

Tylenol returns to the shops in November. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Buyers can see the seals. Within about a year, sales rise sharply and most lost customers come back.

In Built to Last, Jim Collins and Jerry Porus use this crisis to show a real company value.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. Do sales rise sharply within about a year.

Yes. Within about a year, sales rise sharply. Can buyers see the seals or are they hidden? Buyers can see the seals. Who uses this crisis to show a real company value?

Jim Collins and Jerry Pace use it in built to last. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Trust can vanish overnight. A value is what you do when doing it cost you money.

Doing the right thing fast builds trust that lasts for a company and for a person. Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Can trust vanish overnight?

>> Yes. Trust can vanish overnight. Is a value what you say or what you do when it costs you money.

A value is what you do when doing it costs you money. What builds trust that lasts.

Doing the right thing fast builds trust that lasts. >> Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. You don't need a company for this. Each day you are in charge of something, a class task, a group project.

Something may go wrong on your watch. Even when it is not your fault, act first and fix it fast.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. Do you need a company for this?

No, you don't need a company for this. Should you wait or act first? Act first and fix it fast. What might you be in charge of each day? A class task or a group project?

The grammar we practice today have something done. He has all of them collected about 31 million bottles. He also has warnings broadcast on television. Years before the crisis, Burke had that page debated by his managers line by line. Burke has every new package closed with three seals.

Congratulations. You practiced 430 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's another story in your pocket. And you know, stories stick.

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If it's something amazing, it's something totally crazy.

How to win friends and influence people.

It really helps.

Two columns. Two columns from the book How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Cariegi. Lecture advantage ridiculous consider sheet heading educated convention disadvantage give in. Picture a sheet of hotel writing paper with one straight line drawn down the middle.

Above one side is the word advantages. Above the other is the word disadvantages.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Is there one straight line down the middle of the sheet?

Yes. One straight line is drawn down the middle. Is the heading on one side advantages or profits? Above one side is the word advantages. What word is above the other side

above the other is the word disadvantages. >> Now back to the story. That plain sheet once saved a teacher a lot of money. And it can work for you, too.

The teacher was Dale Cariegi. Every season he rented the grand ballroom of a New York hotel.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Did that plain sheet save a teacher money?

Yes, it once saved a teacher a lot of money. Did Cargi rent a small room or the grand ballroom?

He rented the grand ballroom of a New York hotel. Who was the teacher?

The teacher was Dale Cargi. >> That was amazing. Now let's continue and enjoy the story. >> He used it for 20 evenings of lectures on speaking and dealing with people.

One season a letter arrived. It said that his rent was going to rise by 300%.

>> No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. Did the letter say that his rent was going to rise?

Yes. It said that his rent was going to rise by 300%. Did he give lectures or dinners in the ballroom?

He gave lectures on speaking and dealing with people. How many evenings of lectures did he give? He used it for 20 evenings of lectures. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> The tickets had already been printed and sent out and the lectures had been announced.

Put yourself in his chair. You have been treated unfairly and your plans are public.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. Had the tickets already been printed.

Yes, the tickets had already been printed and sent out. Were his plans secret or already public? His plans were already public. Where should you put yourself?

Put yourself in his chair. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. Most of us would march into the manager's office, call the price ridiculous, and refuse to pay.

Cariegi knew how that argument would end. Even if the manager lost, his pride would not let him give in.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Would most of us call the price ridiculous?

Yes, most of us would call the price ridiculous and refuse to pay. Would the manager give in or would his pride stop him? His pride would not let him give in. Where would most of us march? Most of us would march into the manager's office. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. A couple of days later,

he went to see the manager with a different plan.

He said the letter had shocked him. He never called the price ridiculous or blamed the manager.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Did Cargi say the letter had shocked him?

Yes. He said the letter had shocked him. Did he call the price ridiculous or did he stay calm?

He never called the price ridiculous or blamed the manager. When did he go to see the manager?

A couple of days later, he went to see the manager. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now, listen and let's continue. >> He told the manager that his job was to make as much profit for the hotel as possible.

Then he took a sheet of hotel paper, drew a line down the middle, and wrote two headings.

Now test yourself. >> Did he tell the manager that his job was to make profit?

Yes. He told the manager that his job was to make as much profit as possible. Did he write one heading or two headings? He wrote two headings. What did he take?

He took a sheet of hotel paper. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Under the first heading, advantages, he wrote that the ballroom would be free for conventions.

He said the big conventions and events would pay the hotel much more than lectures.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did he say that conventions would pay the hotel more?

Yes. He said that big conventions and events would pay much more than lectures. Would the ballroom be free or busy under advantages? [clears throat] The ballroom would be free for conventions. What did he write under the first heading?

He wrote that the ballroom would be free for conventions. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. Under disadvantages, he wrote that he could not pay, so the hotel would earn nothing from him.

There was a second loss. His lectures brought crowds of educated people to the hotel.

>> Okay, speaking time, speak your mind. >> Would the hotel earn anything from him?

No, he could not pay. So the hotel would earn nothing from him. Did his lectures bring educated people or empty seats? His lectures brought crowds of educated people to the hotel. What did he write under disadvantages? He wrote that he could not pay. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part.

He told the manager that those educated crowds were free advertising.

He handed the sheet to the manager and asked him to consider both columns before deciding.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. Did he tell the manager that the crowds were free advertising?

Yes. He told the manager that those educated crowds were free advertising. Did he ask the manager to decide fast or to consider both columns?

He asked him to consider both columns before deciding. [clears throat] What did he hand to the manager? He handed the sheet to the manager. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> The next day, a letter arrived. It said the rent would rise by 50%, not 300.

Nobody had to give in. Cargi talked only about what the manager wanted.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did the letter say the rent would rise by 300%.

No, it said the rent would rise by 50%, not 300. Did anybody have to give in or nobody? Nobody had to give in. What did Cargi talk about?

Cargi talked only about what the manager wanted. >> Good job. Let's continue the story >> in How to Win Friends and Influence People. This sheet is CargI's proof of one simple idea.

Win people over by talking about what they want, not about what you want.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Is this sheet Cargi's proof of one simple idea?

Yes. This sheet is Cargi's proof of one simple idea. [snorts] Should you talk about what you want or what they want?

Talk about what they want, not about what you want. How do you win people over?

Win people over by talking about what they want. >> That's it. This is the last part of a story. Give it your best. You can use the same sheet before your next request. Draw the line yourself.

Maybe you want extra speaking practice from a teacher or more responsibility at work. Write

their advantages and disadvantages, not yours. Consider their side first, then start the conversation.

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. >> Can you use the same sheet?

Yes, you can use the same sheet. Should you write your advantages or their advantages?

Write their advantages and disadvantages, not yours. What should you consider first?

Consider their side first, then start the conversation.

The grammar we practiced today reported speech statements. It said that his rent was going to rise by 300%. He said the letter had shocked him. He told the manager that his job was to make as much profit for the hotel as possible. He said that big conventions and events would pay the hotel much more than

lectures.

Congratulations. You practiced 425 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Finished. That's amazing.

which is great.

That's amazing.

Four pilots, no controls. Four pilots, no controls. From the book, The Culture Code by Daniel Coyle. Crew steer emergency runway tail attendant break apart wheel report back strangely bang high above of Iowa. A loud sound shakes a passenger plane. It is July 1989.

The engine in the tail has broken apart. Flying metal has cut the lines that move the controls.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Is the plane high above Iowa?

Yes. The plane is high above Iowa and a loud sound shakes it. Has the engine in the tail or in the wing broken apart?

The engine in the tail has broken apart. What has the flying metal cut?

Flying metal has cut the lines that move the controls. Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Captain Al Haynes pulls the wheel. Nothing happens. The plane starts to turn strangely all by itself.

There are 296 people on board and no pilot has ever trained for this emergency.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. Does the plane turn when the captain pulls the wheel?

No, nothing happens when he pulls the wheel. The plane turns strangely all by itself. Are there 296 people on board or only 20?

There are 296 people on board. What has no pilot ever trained for?

No pilot has ever trained for this emergency. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> In the cabin sits another pilot, Denny Fitch, a trainer for the same airline.

He feels the plane move strangely through a flight attendant. He offers to help.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Is Denny Fitch sitting in the cockpit?

No, Denny Fitch sits in the cabin. He is a trainer for the same airline. Does Fitch feel the plane move strangely or smoothly?

He feels the plane move strangely. How does Fitch offer to help?

Through a flight attendant. He offers to help. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. Now imagine you are the captain with decades of flying behind you.

Many captains would say no. Asking a stranger for help can feel like weakness.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Do you have decades of flying behind you?

>> Yes. Imagine you were the captain with decades of flying behind you. Would many captains say yes or no? Many captains would say no. What can feel like weakness?

Asking a stranger for help can feel like weakness. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> The captain says yes. Fitch comes in and takes one job. The power of the two working engines.

Nobody is able to steer with the wheel. So they steer with engine power alone. More on one side turns the plane.

a quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Is anybody able to steer with the wheel?

No, nobody is able to steer with the wheel. Do they steer with engine power or with the wheel? They steer with engine power alone. What job does Fitch take?

Fitch takes one job. The power of the two working engines. >> Now Story's calling us. Let's continue. The captain keeps asking the others what they think and he listens.

The crew speaks freely. They share ideas, try them, and report back in short, calm sentences.

every sentence. Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Does the captain listen to the others?

Yes. He keeps asking the others what they think and he listens. Does the crew speak freely or stay silent? The crew speaks freely. How does the crew report back?

They report back in short, calm sentences. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Even when the news they report back is bad, their voices stay steady. They even joke.

For 44 minutes, a small team manages to fly a plane that should not fly at all.

Great. Speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. >> Is the news they report back always good?

No. Even when the news they report back is bad, their voices stay steady. Do they joke or do they shout at each other? Their voices stay steady and they even joke. How long does the small team manage to fly the plane

for 44 minutes? A small team manages to fly a plane that should not fly at all. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Behind them, the flight attendants prepare the passengers for a hard landing.

Somehow they managed to reach the runway at Sue City. They are coming in far too fast.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Do the flight attendants prepare the passengers for a soft landing?

No. The flight attendants prepare the passengers for a hard landing. Do they manage to reach the runway or do they miss it?

Somehow they manage to reach the runway at Sue City. How fast are they coming in? They are coming in far too fast. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> The plane hits the runway hard, breaks apart, and catches fire. Its tail torn away.

Rescue teams are ready. Warned by the crew.

Many people die. Yet 184 of the people on board are able to survive.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Does the plane break apart when it hits the runway?

Yes. The plane hits the runway hard, breaks apart, and catches fire. Is the tail torn away, or the nose? Its tail is torn away. How many people are able to survive

yet 184 of the people on board are able to survive. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Later, other crews tried this emergency in simulators. >> None of them managed to land safely.

In the culture code, Daniel Coyle studies the cockpit recording. He notices something surprising about the captain. Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Did the other crews manage to land safely in simulators?

No, other crews tried this emergency in simulators. None of them managed to land safely. Does Daniel Coyle study the cockpit recording or the plane?

Daniel Coyle studies the cockpit recording. What does Coyle notice?

He notices something surprising about the captain. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. The captain does not act like a hero who knows everything. He shows again and again that he needs others.

Coil's point is simple. When a leader admits a weakness, the team feels safe enough to give everything.

>> All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. Does the captain act like a hero who knows everything?

No, the captain does not act like a hero who knows everything. Does he show that he needs others [gasps] or that he needs nobody?

He shows again and again that he needs others. When does the team feel safe enough to give everything?

When a leader admits a weakness, the team feels safe enough to give everything. >> Okay, now listening mode. The captain later said teamwork saved them. No single pilot he believed would have been able to land that plane.

You will probably never fly a broken plane, but you will face problems that are bigger than you.

Okay, questions time. >> Would a single pilot have been able to land that plane?

No. No single pilot he believed would have been able to land that plane. Did the captain say teamwork or luck saved them? The captain later said teamwork saved them. What will you face even if you never fly a broken plane?

You will face problems that are bigger than you. >> And now the big finish. >> It could be a hard project at work or a presentation in English next week.

In those moments, don't ask, "How can I look strong?" Ask, "Who here knows something I don't?

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. >> Could a hard project at work be one of those problems?

Yes, it could be a hard project at work or a presentation in English next week. Should you ask how to look strong or who knows something you don't?

Don't ask how you can look strong. Ask who here knows something you don't. When should you ask who knows something you don't?

In those moments when you face problems that are bigger than you.

The grammar we practice today be able to manage to. Nobody is able to steer with the wheel. For 44 minutes, a small team manages to fly a plane that should not fly at all. Somehow they managed to reach the runway at Sue City. Yet 184 of the people on board are able to survive.

Congratulations. You practiced 426 words in this story and you learned a lot. Great job.

That's amazing.

And that's such an amazing thing.

What's the difference? Motorbikes against satellites. >> Motorbikes against satellites from the book Blink by Malcolm Gladwell. Military equipment. Fleet. Opposite. Commander, satellite, protest, coast, planner, messenger. In 2002, a retired general was given what looked like an impossible job.

The American military was running its biggest, most expensive war game ever. It cost $250 million.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Was the war game run by the American military?

Yes, the American military was running its biggest war game ever. Did the game cost $250 million or much less?

It cost $250 million. What was the retired general given?

He was given what looked like an impossible job. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Nobody is really hurt in a war game. Computers and troops test how a war might go.

The general Paul van Riper was asked to lead the enemy side which was called red team.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Is anybody really hurt in a war game?

No. Nobody is really hurt in a war game. Did Van Riper lead blue team or the enemy side?

He was asked to lead the enemy side which was called red team. What do computers and troops test? They test how a war might go. Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Blue team had everything. Satellites, powerful computers, and a system to track every enemy move.

Blue's planners gathered information in order to predict and control the whole battle.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Did Blue team have satellites?

Yes, Blue Team had satellites and powerful computers. Were the planners on blue team or on red team? They were blues planners. Why did Blues planners gather information?

They gathered information in order to predict and control the whole battle. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Van Riper had much less older ships, small boats along the coast, and a fraction of the equipment.

What would you do in his place? Most people would say you should copy the stronger side.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Did Van Riper have more equipment than Blue?

No, he had a fraction of the equipment. Were his small boats along the coast or far out at sea?

His small boats were along the coast. What would most people say you should do? [clears throat] Most people would say you should copy the stronger side. That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Buy more equipment, collect more data, and make a bigger plan. >> [clears throat] >> That is the normal answer.

He did the opposite. He knew that Blue was listening to every radio message and phone call. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. >> Is buying more equipment the normal answer.

Yes. Buy more equipment and make a bigger plan. That is the normal answer. Did Van Riper copy Blue or did he do the opposite? He did the opposite. What was Blue listening to?

Blue was listening to every radio message and phone call. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> In a war of satellites, he sent orders by messengers on motorbikes. So the blue could not listen.

He used lights as in old wars in order to launch planes without radio.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Did he send orders by messengers on motorbikes?

Yes. He sent orders by messengers on motorbikes. Did he use lights or radio in order to launch planes?

He used lights in order to launch planes without radio. Why did he use messengers on motorbikes?

He used them so the blue could not listen. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> He refused to plan every detail. He gave his commanders a clear goal so that they could decide quickly.

When Blue's fleet moved close to Red's coast, Red's commanders struck first, fast, and from many directions.

>> Okay. Speaking time. Speak your mind. Did he plan every detail?

No. He refused to plan every detail. Did he give his commanders a clear goal or a long plan?

He gave his commanders a clear goal so that they could decide quickly where was Blue's fleet when red struck first.

Blue's fleet was close to Red's coast. Now stories calling us. Let's continue. >> Missiles and small fast boats came at the ships together. Blue's computers could not keep up.

16 of Blue's warships went to the bottom of the sea in the game at least.

>> Okay, questions time. Could Blue's computers keep up?

No. Blue's computers could not keep up. Did six or 16 of Blue's warships go to the bottom?

16 of Blue's warships went to the bottom of the sea. What came at the ships together,

missiles and small fast boats came at the ships together. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> The most powerful military on earth had been beaten by messengers, speed, and simple ideas.

Then the organizers stopped the game and put the sunken ships back in the water.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. Had the most powerful military on earth been beaten?

Yes, it had been beaten by messengers, speed, and simple ideas. Did the organizers continue the game or stop it? The organizers stopped the game. Where did the organizers put the sunken ships?

They put the sunken ships back in the water. >> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next part. The game restarted and Van Riper later said the rules were changed so that blue would win.

He soon left the game in protest. [sighs and gasps] His protest carried a warning. The planners had missed the lesson that sank their fleet.

Speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did Fan Riper stay in the game?

No. He soon left the game in protest. Were the rules changed so that blue would win or so that red would win?

He said the rules were changed so that blue would win. What had the planners missed?

The planners had missed the lesson that sank their fleet. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Malcolm Gladwell uses this war game in Blink to show the power of fast, simple decisions.

More information is not always better. Speed and simple decisions can beat heavy planning.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Is more information always better?

No. More information is not always better. Does Gladwell show the power of fast decisions or slow decisions?

He shows the power of fast, simple decisions. What can beat heavy planning?

Speed and simple decisions can beat heavy planning. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Many English learners live like blue team. They collect apps and books, plan for weeks, and never begin.

try the opposite as a small experiment this week. Choose one simple method and start it today.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Do many English learners live like blue team?

Yes. Many English learners live like blue team. Do they begin quickly or plan for weeks?

They plan for weeks and never begin. What should you try this week?

Try the opposite as a small experiment this week. >> And now the big finish. >> Speak about your day in English each morning for 2 minutes with no notes and no plan.

After 7 days, look at what has changed. Then decide your next move quickly like red team.

One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Should you use notes when you speak each morning?

No. Speak for 2 minutes with no notes and no plan. Should you speak for 2 minutes or 2 hours?

Speak about your day in English for 2 minutes. When should you look at what has changed

after 7 days? Look at what has changed

the grammar we practice today. So that in order to blue's planners gathered information in order to predict and control the whole battle. In a war of satellites, he sent orders by messengers on motorbikes so that blue could not listen. He used lights as in old wars in order to launch planes without radio.

He gave his commanders a clear goal so that they could decide quickly.

Congratulations. You practiced 428 words in this story and you learned a lot. Okay.

So if you think about it, you're learning very key lessons that are going to improve your your your whole mindset. That's amazing. Awesome. That's super amazing. Now we're starting a new level. Awesome. Blue Ocean Strategy.

What

Yeah, that's how it works. Let's jump into this new story. The night ride. The Night Ride from the book Blue Ocean Strategy by Wchan Kim and Renee Moborn. Gang, aggressive, manageable, beggar, dodge, tipping point, edge away, fair, graffiti. Transit, a small brass coin with a steel dot at its center. In 1990, this token was the ticket into

New York's subway.

Millions used it every day, and many felt afraid the moment they passed the gates.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Was the token the ticket into New York's subway?

Yes. In 1990, this token was the ticket into New York subway. Did people feel safe or afraid at the gates? Many felt afraid the moment they passed the gates. How many people used the token every day? Millions used it every day. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. The trains were covered in graffiti.

Stations had become home to gangs, aggressive beggars, and people who dodged the fair.

Now, picture a quiet meeting room where senior officers of the transit police are reviewing reports.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Were the trains clean? No, the trains were covered in graffiti. Were the stations home to gangs or to tourists?

They were home to gangs, aggressive beggars, and people who dodged the fair. Who is reviewing reports in the meeting room?

Senior officers of the transit police are reviewing reports. Here's odd. Now, let's come to the next part. >> The charts are neat. Crime is a problem, the officers agree, though a manageable one, not the disaster the newspapers describe.

If you had sat in that room, you might have agreed with them. Reports feel serious and objective.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Do the officers think crime is a disaster?

No. Crime is a problem. They agree though a manageable one. Are the charts neat or messy? The charts are neat. How do reports feel? Reports feel serious and objective. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Then a new chief arrived. His name was Bill Bratton,

and he had already led police forces in Boston.

He soon discovered something that none of the charts could show.

>> Okay, questions time. Had Bratton already led police forces in Boston.

Yes, he had already led police forces in Boston. Did the charts show his discovery or could none of them show it?

He discovered something that none of the charts could show. Who arrived as the new chief? Bill Bratton arrived as the new chief. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Almost none of the senior transit officers rode the subway. They traveled to work in cars provided by the city.

For years they had been judging the underground from above ground through numbers while passengers lived it daily.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Had the senior officers been riding the subway?

No, they hadn't. They traveled to work in cars provided by the city. Had they been judging it from above ground or from inside the trains?

They had been judging the underground from above ground through numbers. How did the senior transit officers travel to work? They traveled to work in cars provided by the city. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. So he gave a surprising order. Every senior officer, starting with

himself, would ride the trains, including at night.

The first rides were a shock. The officers watched young men jump the gates and passengers edge away from gangs.

Now the floors yours. Let's go. >> Did Bratton ride the trains, too?

Yes, every senior officer starting with himself would ride the trains. Were the first rides a shock or a pleasure? The first rides were a shock. What did the passengers do near the gangs? The passengers edged away from gangs. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> They smelled the dirty stations, saw the graffiti up close, and felt the fear on

late trains.

Riders had been edging away from aggressive beggars for years. Now the leaders stood where those riders stood every day.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Had riders been edging away from aggressive beggars for years?

Yes. Riders had been edging away from aggressive beggars for years. Did the officers see the graffiti up close or only in reports? They saw the graffiti up close. What did the officers feel on late trains?

They felt the fear on late trains. Great job. Now back to the story. >> Nobody needed persuading. Now with no big new budget, Bratton focused his limited officers where most trouble began.

One early target was fair dodging. Many people wanted for serious crimes, it turned out, had been jumping the gates, too.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did Breton get a big new budget?

No. With no big new budget, he focused his limited officers where most trouble began. Was an early target fair dodging or graffiti?

One early target was fair dodging. What had many wanted people been doing?

Many people wanted for serious crimes had been jumping the gates. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Within a few years, subway crime had fallen sharply and riders slowly began trusting the trains again.

His story is told in blue ocean strategy as an example of what its authors call tipping point leadership.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Did subway crime fall sharply?

>> Yes. Within a few years, subway crime had fallen sharply. Did riders stop trusting the trains or begin trusting them again?

Riders slowly began trusting the trains again. What do the authors call this kind of leadership? They call it tipping point leadership. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> The tipping point was not a bigger budget or a better chart. It was one uncomfortable ride.

The officers had been reading the numbers correctly and missing the reality underneath them.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Was the tipping point a bigger budget?

>> No, the tipping point was not a bigger budget. It was one uncomfortable ride. Had the officers been reading the numbers correctly or wrongly? They had been reading the numbers correctly. What had the officers been missing?

They had been missing the reality underneath the numbers. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> If you want people to fix a problem, make them see it with their own eyes. Reports rarely move people.

Your English works the same way. Here you are the one in the meeting room.

Speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Do reports usually move people? >> No. Reports rarely move people. Should people see a problem in reports or with their own eyes? Make them see it with their own eyes. Who is in the meeting room now?

Here you are the one in the meeting room. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Your notes may say that your speaking is fine. Your teacher's comments may sound polite and manageable.

No chart will show you what your listener hears. The pauses, the repeats, the easy words you hide behind.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Do your teacher's comments sound harsh?

No, they may sound polite and manageable. Do your notes say your speaking is fine or bad? Your notes may say that your speaking is fine. What does your listener hear?

The pauses, the repeats, and the easy words you hide behind. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> So, ride your own train. Record yourself answering one real question for 2 minutes without stopping.

Picture yourself tonight hearing that recording as your listener would. It may be uncomfortable and it will be real.

>> One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Should you stop while you record?

No. Record yourself answering one real question without stopping. Should you record for 2 minutes or 2 hours? Record yourself for two minutes. How may the recording feel?

It may be uncomfortable and it will be real.

The grammar we practice today, past perfect continuous. For years they had been judging the underground from above ground through numbers, while passengers lived it daily. Riders had been edging away from aggressive beggars for years. Many people wanted for serious crimes, it turned out, had been jumping the gates, too. The officers had been reading the

numbers correctly and missing the reality underneath them.

Congratulations, you practiced 468 words in this story. And you learned a lot. >> Awesome. A full story in English. That's a huge huge achievement. Great job. Inshallah.

Shanic and let's keep going. The next story is from measure what matters book and that really focuses on how to focus on building the numbers that matters KPIs

20 million 20 million from the book Measure what matters. by John Dur. Stretch goal. Set the bar in a row. Rise to the outside. Fall short. Milestone. Set goals. Do the opposite. exceed. September 2008, a small team at Google is about to release a new web browser called Chrome.

The man leading the project is Sunda Pichai, a soft-spoken product leader who grew up in Chennai, India.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. [clears throat] Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. Is Google about to release a new web browser?

Yes, a small team at Google is about to release a new web browser called Chrome. Is Pitchai loud or softspoken?

Pichai is a softspoken product leader. Where did Sunda Pichai grow up? He grew up in Chennai, India. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. >> Google sets goals with a system John Der brought there and later described in his book, Measure What Matters.

Every team writes a few big objectives, each with a handful of measurable key results.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. Does Google set goals with John Dur's system?

Yes. Google sets goals with a system John Dur brought there. Does every team write many objectives or a few big ones? Every team writes a few big objectives. What does each objective have?

Each objective has a handful of measurable key results. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> There is one unusual rule. The best target is a stretch goal set so high that nobody is sure it can be reached.

So, Pichai writes a key result for the year. By December, 20 million people will be using Chrome every week. Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Is a stretch goal easy to reach?

No. A stretch goal is set so high that nobody is sure it can be reached. By December, will 20 million people be using Chrome every week or every year?

20 million people will be using Chrome every week. What will 20 million people be doing by December? They will be using Chrome every week. >> Here's odd. Now, let's come to the next part. >> For a browser nobody knows, that sounds crazy. Read that number again. 20 million.

End of year 1. The team has worked hard and people who try Chrome seem to like it.

Still, when the count comes in, it falls well short of the target. The goal has been missed.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. Does the goal sound easy for a new browser?

No. For a browser nobody knows, that sounds crazy. Does the count reach the target or fall short? It falls well short of the target. How do people who try Chrome feel about it? People who try Chrome seem to like it. Nice one. Let's continue. >> In many companies, a missed goal is quietly forgotten.

And the next target is made safer.

Pichai does the opposite. He sets the bar even higher. By the end of the new year, 50 million people will be using Chrome.

speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Does Pichai make the next target safer? No. Pichai does the opposite. Does he set the bar lower or even higher? He sets the bar even higher. How many people will be using Chrome by the end of the new year? 50 million people will be using Chrome.

>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Doing the same things faster will not be enough. Engineers make the browser quicker and build versions for computers that could not run it.

End of year two. Chrome has grown fast and yet once again the count falls short.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Will doing the same things faster be enough?

>> No. Doing the same things faster will not be enough. In year two, does the count reach the target or fall short? Once again, the count falls short. What do engineers build?

Engineers build versions for computers that could not run it. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Two misses in a row. From the outside, it could easily look like failure.

Pichai sees it differently. Each miss is a milestone that pushes the team to try things it would never have tried otherwise.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Does Pichai see the two misses as failure?

No. Pichai sees it differently. Each miss is a milestone. Are the two misses far apart or in a row? Two misses in a row. How could it look from the outside?

From the outside, it could easily look like failure. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> So in year three he doubles the target. By year's end 100 million people will be using Chrome.

End of year three. The team rises to the target and this time Chrome exceeds 100 million people.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. By year's end, will 100 million people be using Chrome?

Yes. By year's end, 100 million people will be using Chrome. Does Chrome fall short or exceed the target this time?

This time Chrome exceeds 100 million people. What does the team do in year three? The team rises to the target. Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Within a few years, Chrome becomes the world's most popular browser and Pichai later rises to lead Google.

Had the first goal been easy, it would have been met, perhaps even exceeded, and the team might have relaxed.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. Does Pichai later rise to lead Google?

Yes. Pichai later rises to lead Google with an easy first goal. Would the team have relaxed or worked harder? The team might have relaxed. What does Chrome become within a few years?

Chrome becomes the world's most popular broadcast. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. Missing a stretch goal can still take you further than hitting an easy one.

Most learners set goals and judge them from the outside with one question. Did I hit it or not?

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Can missing a stretch goal still take you further?

>> Yes. Missing a stretch goal can still take you further than hitting an easy one. Do most learners judge goals from the inside or from the outside? Most learners judge them from the outside. What one question do most learners ask? Did I hit it or not? >> Okay, now listening mode. >> So, try a small experiment this month.

Set the bar high and write down exactly where you start today.

Maybe a whole podcast understood without subtitles or a full conversation in English with no notes.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Should you set the bar low? >> No. Set the bar high. Should you write down where you start or only where you finish? Write down exactly where you start today. What could a hard target be?

Maybe a whole podcast understood without subtitles. >> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring it home. You may fall short two weeks in a row. By the end of the month, you will have passed milestones you never planned.

Then do the opposite of most learners. Do not ask whether you hit it. Measure how far you traveled from that first note.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> Will you have passed milestones by the end of the month?

>> Yes. By the end of the month, you will have passed milestones you never planned. Should you ask whether you hit it or measure how far you traveled?

Measure how far you traveled from that first note. What should you do compared with most learners? do the opposite of most learners.

The grammar we practice today, future continuous, future perfect. So, Pichai writes a key result for the year. By December, 20 million people will be using Chrome every week. He sets the bar even higher. By the end of the new year, 50 million people will be using Chrome. So, in year three, he doubles the

target. By year's end, 100 million people will be using Chrome. By the end of the month, you will have passed milestones you never planned.

Congratulations. You practiced 469 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's awesome. Congratulations and let's keep going. Tab 0 to one and it's amazing.

So 0 to one. for

one. Let's jump into the story. The race he lost. The race he lost from the book 0ero to one by Peter Teal with Blake Masters. Devastated. Crushing tournament ladder run streak contest. unsure insider draft. Today he is one of Silicon Valley's best known investors. the man who co-founded PayPal and backed Facebook early.

It is tempting to see his life as one [sighs and gasps] long winning streak. I think the more useful part is the year he lost.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Did he co-ound PayPal?

Yes, he is the man who co-founded PayPal and backed Facebook early. Does his life look like a winning streak or a long failure?

It is tempting to see his life as one long winning streak. Which part of his life is more useful? The more useful part is the year he lost. Now story's calling us. Let's continue. >> Peter Teal won almost every contest as a student. Top grades, chess trophies, then a place at Stanford.

Law school came next, then a year working for a federal judge. Each prize was a rung that led to the next.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did Teal win almost every contest as a student?

Yes. Peter Teal won almost every contest as a student. Was each prize a rung or a wall? Each prize was a rung that led to the next. Where did he work after law school? He worked for a federal judge for a year. >> Now, back to the story. >> The final prize was the biggest of all,

a clerkship at the Supreme Court of the United States.

Only a few young lawyers are chosen each year to help the justices. It was the top of the ladder.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Was the clark ship a small prize?

No. The final prize was the biggest of all, a clerkship at the Supreme Court. Are many lawyers chosen each year or only a few? Only a few young lawyers are chosen each year. What was the clark ship for people like him? It was the top of the ladder. >> Great job. Now, back to the story.

He reached the final round and was interviewed by two of the justices themselves.

Then the answer came. He had not been chosen for the job.

For someone on such a long streak, it was crushing. He later wrote that he [sighs and panting] had been devastated.

Okay. Questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Was he chosen for the job?

No, he had not been chosen for the job. Was the [clears throat] loss easy or crushing? It was crushing. How did he later say he felt? He later wrote that he had been devastated. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> He joined a famous New York law firm instead. A place outsiders longed to enter and

insiders longed to leave.

He left within months. He tried trading at a bank, still unsure where he really belonged.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Did he stay at the law firm for years? No, he left within months. Did insiders long to enter or to leave? Insiders longed to leave. How did he feel when he tried trading at a bank? He was still unsure where he really belonged.

>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Back in California, he began building his own things, a small fund, then a payments company that became PayPal.

In 0 to 1, he describes meeting an old friend from law school a few years later.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. Did the payments company become PayPal?

Yes, he built a payments company that became PayPal. Did he meet an old friend from law school or from Stanford? He met an old friend from law school. Where did he build his own things?

He built his own things back in California. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. This friend had helped him prepare for the interviews. The friend smiled and asked whether Peter was glad he had lost.

He was, if he had won, he writes, he might have spent his career drafting other people's deals instead of creating something new.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> If he had won, might he have spent his career drafting deals?

Yes. If he had won, he might have spent his career drafting other people's deals. Was he glad or sorry that he had lost? He was glad he had lost. What did the friend ask?

He asked whether Peter was glad he had lost. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> If he had become a Supreme Court insider, PayPal might never have been built.

He came to see his path as a tournament, a line of contests that everyone around him wanted to win.

Awesome. Quest time. Let's jump into it. >> If he had become a court insider, would PayPal have been built?

No. If he had become a Supreme Court insider, PayPal might never have been built. Did he see his path as a tournament? or a holiday. He came to see his path as a tournament who wanted to win the contests. Everyone around him wanted to win. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep

moving. If the loss had not been so crushing, he might never have asked whether it was his race at all.

Losing a race you chose by habit can be the door to the race that fits you.

Okay, questions time. If the loss had not been so crushing, would he have asked the question?

No. He might never have asked whether it was his race at all. Can losing a race be a door or only an end?

Losing a race you chose by habit can be the door to the race that fits you. What race can a loss lead you to? The race that fits you. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> That is not a reason to stop running. If you feel unsure, it is a moment to check your direction.

Maybe you are in a tournament of your own, chasing a score because your classmates are, or a major your cousins chose.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Is losing a reason to stop running?

No. That is not a reason to stop running. If you feel unsure, should you quit or check your direction.

If you feel unsure, it is a moment to check your direction. Why might you be chasing a score? Because your classmates are. Here's odd. Now let's come to the next part. >> When a rejection leaves you devastated, give it one honest question before you give it your tears.

Ask whether the prize was ever yours or only the next rung on somebody else's ladder

spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Should you cry before you ask any question?

No. Give it one honest question before you give it your tears. Is the prize yours or a rung on somebody else's ladder?

Ask whether the prize was ever yours or only the next rung on somebody else's ladder. When should you ask that honest question? when a rejection leaves you devastated. >> Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. >> Then draft a plan for one small project

that is truly yours. An English podcast, a blog, a study group.

The investor you met at the start was built on a lost race. If he had won, you might never have heard of him.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> If he had won, might you never have heard of him?

Yes. If he had won, you might never have heard of him. Should you draft a plan for your project or somebody else's?

Draft a plan for one small project that is truly yours. What was the investor built on? He was built on a lost race.

The grammar we practice today, third conditional. If he had won, he writes, he might have spent his career drafting other people's deals instead of creating something new. If he had become a Supreme Court insider, PayPal might never have been built. If the loss had not been so crushing, he might never have asked whether it was

his race at all. If he had won, you might never have heard of him.

Congratulations. You practiced 471 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Well done. And here's the thing. English, you are constantly learning something new. You're learning how to think in an ambitious way.

And that's amazing. So, let me stop you here for a second. People who have for

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The toy nobody wanted. >> The toy nobody wanted from the book The Innovator's Dilemma by Clayton M. Christensen. Faithfully awkward employer.

Meanwhile, management, obsolete, disruptive. In a quiet Massachusetts town, an old wool mill stands beside a river. For years, it housed a computer giant.

The company was called Digital Equipment Corporation or Deck. [clears throat] Its co-founder Ken Olsen had built it from a tiny team.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Was the corporation called Digital Equipment Corporation?

Yes. The company was called Digital Equipment Corporation or Deck. Did Olen build it from a tiny team or a huge one? He built it from a tiny team. What stands beside the river? An old wool mill stands beside a river. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Dex great success was the mini computer.

far smaller and cheaper than the roomsized computers of the time.

Universities, factories, and laboratories bought deck machines, and the company grew year after year.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Was the mini computer bigger than the old computers?

No, it was far smaller and cheaper than the roomsized computers of the time. Did the company shrink or grow year after year? The company grew year after year. Who bought deck machines?

Universities, factories, and laboratories bought deck machines. >> Here's odd. Now, let's come to the next part. By the late 1980s, it employed over a 100,000 people and was praised as a model of management.

Years earlier, around 1980, the personal computer had appeared. Slow, simple, and cheap enough for one desk.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Was deck praised as a model of management?

Yes, it was praised as a model of management. Did it employ 100 people or over a 100,000?

It employed over a 100,000 people. What was the personal computer like?

It was slow, simple, and cheap enough for one desk. >> Now stories calling us. Let's continue. >> To Deck's best customers, it looked like a toy. They wanted more power, [laughter] not less.

So Olsen and his managers did what every business book advised. They listened faithfully to their best customers.

The toy also promised thin profits, while many computers earned rich ones.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Did the EEC's best customers want less power?

>> No, they wanted more power, not less. Did the managers ignore their customers or listen faithfully?

They listened faithfully to their best customers. What did the toy promise? The toy promised thin profits. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> If you were in Olsen's chair, which road would you have chosen? At the time, the answer seemed obvious.

DEEC built personal computers of its own, but they were expensive and awkward and never really caught on.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> If you were in Olsen's chair, would the answer have seemed hard?

No. At the time, the answer seemed obvious. Were DEC's personal computers cheap or expensive? They were expensive and awkward. What happened to DEEC's personal computers? They never really caught on. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Were DEC's customers wrong? If they had been, this would be a simple

story. For years, they were right.

Then the toy improved. Year by year, cheap desktop machines grew powerful enough to do much of a mini computer's work.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> If DEC's customers had been wrong, would this be a simple story?

Yes. If they had been, this would be a simple story. Did desktop machines grow weaker or more powerful?

Cheap desktop machines grew powerful enough to do much of a mini computer's work. What happened to the toy? The toy improved. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Meanwhile, the mini computer was becoming obsolete. When customers switched to cheaper machines, deck fell fast and painfully.

in 1992. Olsen was pushed out of the corporation he had built from nothing.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Was the mini computer becoming more popular?

No. Meanwhile, the mini computer was becoming obsolete. Did Deck fall slowly or fast? Deck fell fast and painfully. What happened to Olen in 1992?

Olsen was pushed out of the corporation he had built. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. Six years later, the once admired company was bought by Compact, a firm that made desktop computers.

That is the irony. Deck was not ruined by bad management. It was undone by good management followed too faithfully.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. Was deck ruined by bad management?

No. Deck was not ruined by bad management. Was deck undone by good management or by bad luck?

It was undone by good management followed too faithfully. Who bought the once admired company?

Compact, a firm that made desktop computers, bought it. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Clayton Christensen, a Harvard professor, made puzzles like this one the heart of the innovator's dilemma.

He called the cheap newcomer a disruptive technology. Weak at first, then good enough to replace the leaders.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Is a disruptive technology strong at first?

No, it is weak at first, then good enough to replace the leaders. Was Christensen a Harvard professor or a deck manager? Clayton Christensen was a Harvard professor. What did he call the cheap newcomer? He called it a disruptive technology. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Great companies, he argued, can do everything right by today's rules and

still lose tomorrow. Their

best customers are loyal to the present. They rarely ask for the humble disruptive thing that will one day replace it.

Now test yourself. >> Can great companies do everything right and still lose?

Yes, they can do everything right by today's rules and still lose tomorrow. Are their best customers loyal to the present or the future? Their best customers are loyal to the present. What do the best customers rarely ask for?

They rarely ask for the humble, disruptive thing that will one day replace it. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. If Deck had taken the toy seriously in time, the company might still exist today.

Learners face the same trap. English built for one comfortable goal, a grammar test you already pass.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> If Deck had taken the toy seriously, might it still exist today?

Yes, the company might still exist today. Was English built for a hard goal or a comfortable one?

English was built for one comfortable goal, a grammar test. What trap do learners face? Learners face the same trap as deck. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Meanwhile, companies now employ people who speak to strangers, write clearly, and work beside AI tools.

Grammar is not obsolete. If you had started speaking practice a year ago, you would feel more confident today.

Great speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. If you had started speaking practice a year ago, would you feel more confident today?

Yes, you would feel more confident today. Is grammar obsolete or still useful? Grammar is not obsolete. [snorts] What kind of people do companies now employ?

Companies now employ people who speak to strangers and write clearly. >> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring it home. Those skills feel like toys at first, clumsy, slow, and awkward to practice. So did personal computers before they caught on.

Which small English skill are you ignoring? only because today's test does not ask for it.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> Do new skills feel easy at first?

No, they feel clumsy, slow, and awkward to practice. Did personal computers feel like toys before they caught on or after? They felt like toys before they caught on. Why might you ignore a small English skill? Because today's test does not ask for it.

The grammar we practice today, mixed conditionals. If you were in Olson's chair, which road would you have chosen? If they had been, this would be a simple story. If DEC had taken the toy seriously in time, the company might still exist today. If you had started speaking practice a year ago, you would feel more confident

today.

Congratulations. You practiced 472 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's amazing. If you notice something,

and you're doing it at the same time. That's such a great accomplishment. Atomic habit. [snorts]

I think that's okay.

The code next to the heart. The code next to the heart from the book Atomic Habits by James Clear. Negotiation. Horrified. Distort. Abstract. Proposal. witness conflict face to face settle consequence. In 1981, a Harvard law professor proposed what may be the strangest safety device anyone has ever suggested.

His name was Roger Fischer and he was an expert in negotiation, the art of settling conflicts by talking instead of fighting.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Did a Harvard professor propose a strange safety device?

Yes, a Harvard law professor proposed what may be the strangest safety device ever suggested. Was Fiser an expert in weapons or in negotiation? He was an expert in negotiation. How does negotiation settle conflicts?

It settles conflicts by talking instead of fighting. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. In the long conflict of that time, America and the Soviet Union had thousands of nuclear weapons aimed at each other.

The problem was one person, the president. With a set of secret codes, one person could order an attack that might kill millions.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Could one person order an attack?

Yes. With a set of secret codes, one person could order an attack. Were the nuclear weapons few or in thousands? There were thousands of nuclear weapons aimed at each other. Who was the problem in this conflict?

The problem was one person, the president. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Fisher worried that the order had become too easy, almost abstract.

Distance makes terrible choices easier. On a map in a quiet room, millions of people become abstract dots.

>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did Fischer think the order was too hard?

No, he worried that the order had become too easy, almost abstract. Does distance make terrible choices harder or easier?

Distance makes terrible choices easier. What do millions of people become on a map? They become abstract dots. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. What would you do? How would you make sure a leader never gave that order unless he had thought deeply?

Most people suggest normal answers. More advisers, more checks, perhaps a second key held by another official.

Great. Speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Should a leader give that order unless he has thought deeply?

No. A leader should never give that order unless he has thought deeply. Do most people suggest normal answers or strange ones? Most people suggest normal answers. What normal answers do people suggest?

more advisers, more checks, perhaps a second key. >> Now, back to the story. >> Fischer's proposal was different and deeply uncomfortable. He suggested placing the codes in a tiny capsule next to the heart of a volunteer.

The volunteer would walk beside the president wherever he went, together with a large knife.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Was Fisher's proposal comfortable?

No, Fisher's proposal was different and deeply uncomfortable. Would the volunteer stay home or walk beside the president?

The volunteer would walk beside the president wherever he went. Where would the codes be placed?

In a tiny capsule next to the heart of a volunteer. >> Now you are warmed up. Now let's keep moving. The president could launch only on condition that he first took one life with his own hands, face to face.

The consequence of the decision would become real before anyone pressed a single button.

>> Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Could the president launch only on condition that he took one life?

Yes, he could launch only on condition that he first took one life face to face. Would the consequence become real before or after the button?

The consequence would become real before anyone pressed a single button. How would the president have to take that life with his own hands face to face? >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Fisher described the idea to friends at the Pentagon, the headquarters of the American military.

They were horrified. They told him that having to kill someone would distort the president's judgment.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did Fischer's friends at the Pentagon like the idea? No, they were horrified. Would killing someone distort or protect the president's judgment? It would distort the president's judgment. What is the Pentagon? The headquarters of the American

military. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Notice the irony in that horrified reaction. Distorting the president's judgment was exactly what the idea was designed to do.

The proposal was never adopted. James Clear retells it in atomic habits, opening a chapter on making bad habits painful.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Was the proposal ever adopted?

No. The proposal was never adopted. Does Clear retell it in Atomic Habits or in another book? James Clear retells it in Atomic Habits. Why was their horrified reaction ironic?

distorting the president's judgment was exactly what the idea was designed to do. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> His point is that we repeat bad choices as long as the consequence is far away. We change when the cost comes quickly.

Fischer wanted the most powerful man alive to feel face to face the weight of the people he served.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Do we repeat bad choices as long as the consequence is far away?

Yes, we repeat bad choices as long as the consequence is far away. Do we change when the cost comes slowly or quickly? We change when the cost comes quickly. How did Fiser want the president to feel that weight, face to face. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Make the cost of a bad choice visible

and painful and make it arrive before the choice, not long after it.

Most study habits fail for the opposite reason. Skipping one English lesson costs nothing today and quite a lot after a year.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. Should the cost of a bad choice be hidden?

No. Make the cost of a bad choice visible and painful. Does skipping one English lesson [gasps and sighs] cost much today or nothing?

Skipping one English lesson costs nothing today. When does skipping lessons cost quite a lot? It costs quite a lot after a year. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> You cannot feel that yearly cost tonight. Unless you invent a smaller cost that arrives immediately, your excuses will usually win.

Treat it as a small negotiation. Tell one friend your study plan and settle on a price you pay if you skip.

Now test yourself. >> Will your excuses win unless you invent a smaller cost?

Yes. Unless you invent a smaller cost that arrives immediately, your excuses will usually win. Should you settle on a price or keep it secret? Settle on a price you pay if you skip. What should you treat it as? Treat it as a small negotiation. >> And now the big finish. >> That friend is your witness.

The price could be their coffee or a voice message in English explaining why you missed.

You owe nothing provided that you study. Then watch your excuses when a missed day has a face, a price, and a witness.

last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Do you owe anything provided that you study?

>> No. You owe nothing provided that you study. Could the price be their coffee or a new car? The price could be their coffee. Who is your witness? That friend is your witness.

The grammar we practice today, unless as long as provided that. How would you make sure a leader never gave that order unless he had thought deeply? The president could launch only on condition that he first took one life with his own hands, face to face. His point is that we repeat bad choices

as long as the consequence is far away. Unless you invent a smaller cost that arrives immediately, your excuses will usually win. Congratulations.

You practiced 465 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Honestly, well done. And uh this is the important thing. You you're you're improving your English. You're improving your mindset. And that's going to make you a undestroyable man or or like undesirable guy. So that's amazing. [laughter] Before we continue, a real student just like you uh

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for

the everything store. Amazon

The bicycle shop. The bicycle shop from the book The Everything Store by Brad Stone. Stunned. Lose track of. Reach out. Put off. Skilled upside down. Live with parcel. Rider marriage. An old man stood behind the counter of a small bicycle shop in Addison surrounded by wheels. Few

customers knew that this quiet shop owner had once been a skilled rider.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Did the old man work in a bicycle shop?

Yes. He stood behind the counter of a small bicycle shop in Arizona. Had the owner once been a skilled rider or a skilled driver. He had once been a skilled rider. Where was the small bicycle shop? The small bicycle shop was in Arizona. >> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next part.

>> One day in 2012, a visitor walked in who had no interest in buying a bike.

He was a journalist and his question would turn the old man's quiet life upside down.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Did the visitor want to buy a bike?

>> No. He had no interest in buying a bike. [snorts] Was the visitor a journalist or a customer? He was a journalist. What would his question do to the old man's life?

It would turn the old man's quiet life upside down. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Nearly 50 years earlier, he had been a teenager with a young wife and a baby son. [crying] He was a skilled rider of the unicycle, a bike with one wheel,

and not ready to be a father.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Was he a teenager with a young wife and a baby son?

Yes. Nearly 50 years earlier, he had been a teenager with a young wife and a baby son. Did he ride a unicycle or a horse? He was a skilled rider of the unicycle. What is a unicycle?

A unicycle is a bike with one wheel. >> Now story's calling us. Let's continue. >> The marriage ended while the boy was very small and his mother carried most of the weight.

A few years later, she began a new marriage with a kind man who wanted to adopt the boy.

>> Now test yourself. Did the marriage last for many years?

No, the marriage ended while the boy was very small. Did his mother begin a new marriage or move away? She began a new marriage with a kind man. What did the kind man want to do? He wanted to adopt the boy. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story.

The young father was asked to step out of the boy's life. He agreed and slowly lost track of them.

Over the years, he even forgot his son's new surname. We lose track of people that easily.

>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did the young father agree to step out of the boy's life?

Yes, he agreed and slowly lost track of them. Did he lose track of them quickly or slowly? He slowly lost track of them. What did he even forget over the years?

Over the years, he even forgot his son's new surname. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. Now the journalist explained who that little boy had grown up to be.

There may be a parcel from that boy's company in your home right now. It sells almost everything.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Did the journalist explain who the boy had become?

Yes. The journalist explained who that little boy had grown up to be. Is there a parcel from his company in your home or a letter?

There may be a parcel from that boy's company in your home. What does that company sell? It sells almost everything. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. His son was Jeff Bezos, the founder of Amazon, by then among the richest people on earth.

The father, Ted Jorgensson, had no idea. He had never connected that famous name to his own boy.

>> Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. Was his son Jeff Bezos?

Yes. His son was Jeff Bezos, the founder of Amazon. Did the father know or did he have no idea? The father Ted Jorgensson had no idea what had he never connected to his own boy.

He had never connected that famous name to his own boy. Good job. Let's continue the story. He was stunned. His world upside down. [snorts] He said he had not been a good father or husband.

There was no anger, only regret. He wished he had been there and hoped to reach out to his son.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did he wish he had been there? Yes, he wished he had been there. Was he stunned or angry?

He was stunned. There was no anger, only regret. What did he hope to do? He hoped to reach out to his son. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> The journalist was Brad Stone. And that meeting found its place in the everything store.

As far as the public knows, father and son never met as adults. He died in 2015.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Was the journalist Brad Stone? >> Yes, the journalist was Brad Stone. Did father and son meet as adults or never meet?

As far as the public knows, father and son never met as adults. Where did that meeting find its place? That meeting found its place in the everything store. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> I do not tell this story to judge him. He was young and the young often choose

without understanding.

Still he had to live with that decision year after quiet year. If only he had reached out sooner.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now, it's over to you to answer them. >> Does the narrator tell this story to judge him?

No, the narrator does not tell this story to judge him. Did he live with that decision for a year or year after year?

He had to live with that decision year after quiet year. What does the narrator wish he had done? The narrator wishes he had reached out sooner. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Walking away from family is a choice that can follow you for life. Success can be earned later. Lost years cannot.

Our choices are rarely that dramatic. Yet one day, many of us will wish we had called more.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Can lost years be earned later?

No, success can be earned later. Lost years cannot. Will many of us wish we had called more or worked more? Many of us will wish we had called more. What can follow you for life?

Walking away from family is a choice that can follow you for life. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> It is a brother we stopped calling after an argument or an uncle we see only at Eid. We live with the silence.

We tell ourselves we are busy. We track every parcel to our door yet put off one phone call.

>> A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. Do we learn to live with the silence?

Yes, we live with the silence. Do we track every parcel or every call? We track every parcel to our door. What do we put off? We put off one phone call. >> Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part, basically. Let's continue.

The shop owner believed there was time too until a stranger left him stunned. If only he had known sooner.

So tonight, think of one person in your family. Is there a call you keep putting off?

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. Is there a call you keep putting off?

Yes, there is a call I keep putting off. Did the shop owner believe there was time or no time?

The shop owner believed there was time too. Who left the shop owner stunned?

A stranger left him stunned. If only he had known sooner.

The grammar we practice today, wish, if only. He wished he had been there and hoped to reach out to his son. If only he had reached out sooner. Yet one day, many of us will wish we had called more. If only he had known sooner.

Congratulations. You practiced 465 words in this story and you learned a lot. See, that wasn't hard.

This is amazing. Let's keep it up. Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.

Perfection.

But it's a nice time to think about innovation. Let's jump into the story. The store that was wrong. >> The store that was wrong from the book Steve Jobs by Walter Isaxson. Retail catalog. Organize. Tear up. Turning point. Line up neatly. argue over embarrassment retailer. Look at this store. White tables, wooden floors, glass

walls, and every Apple computer lined up neatly in its place.

It was built in secret inside a warehouse near Apple's offices in California, and almost nobody was allowed in.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Was every computer lined up neatly?

Yes, every Apple computer was lined up neatly in its place. Was the store built in a warehouse or in a shopping center?

It was built in secret inside a warehouse. Who was allowed into the warehouse? Almost nobody was allowed in. Here's odd. Now, let's come to the next part. >> Steve Jobs wanted Apple in retail with its own shops, not on the back shelves of electronics chains.

He hired Ron Johnson, a retail expert from Target, a big American retailer, and they met week after week

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did Jobs want Apple in retail with its own shops?

Yes. Steve Jobs wanted Apple in retail with its own shops. Was Ron Johnson a retail expert or a computer expert?

He was a retail expert from Target, a big American retailer. How often did they meet? They met week after week. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> They argued over every detail from the color of the wood to the height of the tables. Finally, the prototype looked finished.

Then Johnson realized that something was badly wrong. Nobody had seen it before, not even Jobs.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Did the prototype look finished?

Yes. Finally, the prototype looked finished. Did they agree on everything or argue over every detail? They argued over every detail. Who realized that something was badly wrong?

Johnson realized that something was badly wrong. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Before you read on, make your own guess. The store was beautiful and the products were excellent.

prices, location, size. None of those was the real problem at all.

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Were the products excellent?

Yes, the store was beautiful and the products were excellent. Was the real problem the prices or something else? None of those was the real problem at all. What should you make before you read on? Before you read on, make your own guess. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. The store was organized around products

with each computer lined up in its own area like pages in a catalog.

People do not walk into a shop to admire products. They come to do something like share photos or write a letter.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Was the store organized around customers?

No. The store was organized around products. Was it like pages in a catalog or like a busy market? It was like pages in a catalog. Why do people walk into a shop?

They come to do something like share photos or write a letter. Okay, now listening mode. >> So, the store should have been organized around what customers wanted to do. That was the missing clue.

Johnson told Jobs. Jobs was furious because fixing it meant tearing up months of work.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Should the store have been organized around customers?

Yes, the store should have been organized around what customers wanted to do. Was Jobs pleased or furious? Jobs was furious. Why was Jobs furious? Fixing it meant tearing up months of work. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> He complained about how big the change was. For a while, it looked as if the idea

would die.

A little later, Jobs quietly told the team that Johnson was right and the whole layout had to be redone.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Did Jobs complain about the change?

Yes. He complained about how big the change was. Did Jobs tell the team that Johnson was right or wrong?

Jobs quietly told the team that Johnson was right. What had to be redone? The whole layout had to be redone. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> He could have argued over it for months. He could have opened a beautiful walk-in catalog on time.

In Walter Isacson's biography of Jobs, this moment is a turning point, not an embarrassment. The rebuild cost them roughly six more months.

>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Could he have argued over it for months?

Yes, he could have argued over it for months. Is this moment a turning point or an embarrassment?

This moment is a turning point. Not an embarrassment. What could he have opened on time?

He could have opened a beautiful walk-in catalog on time. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. When the first stores opened in May 2001, many critics predicted they would close within a couple of years.

The wrong store might have become exactly that embarrassment. Instead, visitors came in to try things and ask questions.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did critics predict the stores would close?

Yes, many critics predicted they would close within a couple of years. Might the wrong store have become an embarrassment or a success?

The wrong store might have become exactly that embarrassment. What did visitors come in to do? Visitors came in to try things and ask questions. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. Within 3 years, yearly sales had passed a billion dollars. Few retailers had ever grown that fast.

The stores became some of the busiest shops in the world.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Had yearly sales passed a billion dollar.

>> Yes. Within three years, yearly sales had passed a billion dollars. Had many retailers grown that fast or few? Few retailers had ever grown that fast. What did the stores become? The stores became some of the busiest shops in the world. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue.

>> It is cheaper to rebuild late than to launch something you know is wrong. The hard part is admitting it in time.

A turning point often comes late when you feel most tired and most proud of what you have already made.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Is it cheaper to launch something you know is wrong?

No, it is cheaper to rebuild late than to launch something you know is wrong. Does a turning point often come early or late? A turning point often comes late. What is the hard part? The hard part is admitting it in time. >> Now, back to the story. >> You have prototypes of your own, an

essay plan, a speaking answer, a study routine you have repeated for weeks.

A routine can look neatly finished and still be built on memorizing word lists instead of using them.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Do you have prototypes of your own?

>> Yes, you have prototypes of your own. Can a routine look neatly finished or only messy?

A routine can look neatly finished. What can a routine still be built on?

It can still be built on memorizing word lists instead of using them. >> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring it home. >> Which of your routines is organized around the wrong thing?

Tearing up a plan feels like losing time. Launching the wrong plan loses far more.

Here's the last questions. I want you to give them everything you've got. >> Does tearing up a plan feel like losing time?

Yes. Tearing up a plan [clears throat] feels like losing time. Does the wrong plan lose less or far more?

Launching the wrong plan loses far more. Which question does the narrator ask you?

Which of your routines is organized around the wrong thing? [clears throat]

The grammar we practiced today should have, could have, might have. So the store should have been organized around what customers wanted to do. He could have argued over it for months. He could have opened a beautiful walk-in catalog on time. The wrong store might have become exactly that embarrassment.

Congratulations. You practiced 470 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Let's pause for a second. You finished another story and you learned a new lesson. You learned a new way of thinking. And that's amazing. How we learn?

Let's jump into this story, The Star in the Mirror. >> The Star in the Mirror from the book How We Learn by Benedict Kerry. Seizure, Surgery, Stumble, Silently, Difficulty, Takeover. Surprisingly have no idea at speed pencil. Picture a star drawn with a thin gap around its edges. Your task is to draw a line inside that

gap.

One difficulty. You can only see your hand and your pencil in a mirror where every movement is reversed.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Is every movement reversed in the mirror?

Yes. In a mirror, every movement is reversed. Is your task to draw a star or a line inside the gap? Your task is to draw a line inside that gap. What is the one difficulty?

You can only see your hand and your pencil in a mirror. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. Most people find this surprisingly hard. The pencil keeps going the wrong way.

A man known to science as HM once did this task for the researcher Brenda Milner.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Do most people find this easy?

>> No. Most people find this surprisingly hard. Does the pencil go the right way or the wrong way? The pencil keeps going the wrong way. Who did HM do this task for? He did this task for the researcher Brenda Milner. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> His real name was Henry Mleas and Benedict Kerry opens how we learn

with his story.

In 1953, he had brain surgery to stop terrible seizures, sudden attacks that had taken over his life.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Was his real name Henry Maison?

>> Yes. His real name was Henry Maison. Did he have surgery on his brain or on his heart? He had brain surgery. Why did he have brain surgery? He had brain surgery to stop terrible seizures. >> Now back to the story. >> The seizures became weaker. However, the surgery had removed parts of his brain that nobody then

understood.

After the operation, he could not form new memories. Minutes after meeting someone, he would have no idea who she was.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Did the seizures become weaker?

>> Yes. The seizures became weaker. Could he form new memories or not?

After the operation, he could not form new memories. What happened minutes after he met someone?

minutes after meeting someone, he would have no idea who she was. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Milner worked with him for years, yet each time she was a stranger to him.

Think for a moment. If a man cannot remember yesterday, can he learn anything new?

The obvious answer is no. If learning means remembering, it should be impossible.

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Did Milner work with him for years?

Yes. Milner worked with him for years. Was she a friend to him or a stranger each time?

Each time she was a stranger to him. If learning means remembering, what should it be?

If learning means remembering, it should be impossible. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Milner gave him the mirror star. Anyway on the first day, like everyone, he had great difficulty.

On the second day, he had no memory of the task. He can't have remembered it. To him, it was new.

>> Did that make sense? Now, let's check. Can he have remembered the task on the second day?

No, he can't have remembered it. To him it was new. Did he have great difficulty on the first day or none? On the first day, like everyone, he had great difficulty. What did Miljner give him anyway?

Milner gave him the mirror star. Anyway, >> now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. Yet his hand was better, and his pencil made far fewer mistakes. Something must have been learning.

By the third day, he drew the star almost perfectly. and seemed surprised it went so well.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Did his pencil make fewer mistakes?

Yes, his pencil made far fewer mistakes. Must something have been learning or forgetting? Something must have been learning. How did he draw the star? By the third day.

By the third day, he drew the star almost perfectly. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> It couldn't have been luck. He improved day after day. His hand must have remembered what his mind forgot.

The missing piece is simple. Memory is not one single thing.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Could it have been luck?

>> No, it couldn't have been luck. He improved day after day. Is memory one single thing or more than one? Memory is not one single thing. What must his hand have remembered? His hand must have remembered what his mind forgot. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> One kind stores facts and events, names, faces. This morning,

the surgery must have damaged that kind. Another

kind stores how to do things, how to move, draw, or ride a bicycle. That kind still worked.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Must the surgery have damaged one kind of memory?

Yes. The surgery must have damaged that kind. Does the second kind store facts or how to do things?

Another kind stores how to do things. What does the first kind of memory store?

One kind stores facts and events, names, faces. This morning >> now stories calling us. Let's continue. >> His hand was learning silently, though his mind kept no record of the lessons.

That matters for anyone learning a language because speaking is partly a skill of the mouth, not only the mind.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Was his hand learning silently?

Yes, his hand was learning silently. Is speaking only a skill of the mind or of the mouth too?

Speaking is partly a skill of the mouth, not only the mind. What did his mind keep no record of? His mind kept no record of the lessons. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> You can know a grammar rule perfectly and still stumble over the words when you try to say the sentence at speed.

So try this. Choose a short passage from this story. A few sentences you like.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Can you stumble even if you know the rule?

Yes, you can know a grammar rule perfectly and still stumble over the words. Do you stumble at speed or when you go slowly?

You stumble when you try to say the sentence at speed. What should you choose from this story? Choose a short passage, a few sentences you like. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. Say it aloud with the recording five times a day. Do not just read it silently.

Some days you will still stumble and you will have no idea whether anything is changing.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Should you just read it silently?

>> No, do not just read it silently. Should you say it aloud five times a day or once a week?

Say it aloud with the recording five times a day. What will you have no idea about? On some days you will have no idea whether anything is changing. That's it. This is the last part of the story. Give it your best. >> Keep going anyway. Like that hand in the mirror, your mouth

can take over a skill before your mind explains it.

One day the passage will come out at speed surprisingly smooth. Your mouth must have been learning all along.

>> One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. Can your mouth take over a skill before your mind explains it?

Yes, your mouth can take over a skill before your mind explains it. Will the passage come out slowly or at speed?

One day the passage will come out at speed surprisingly smooth. What must your mouth have been doing all along?

Your mouth must have been learning all along.

The grammar we practice today must have. Can't have. He can't have remembered it. To him, it was new. Something must have been learning. It couldn't have been luck. He improved day after day. His hand must have remembered what his mind forgot.

Congratulations. You practiced 466 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Amazing. So you have listened, you understood and you spoke.

And that's how we learn. Talk like Ted.

Let's jump into the new story, The Scientist Who Watched. >> The Scientist Who Watched from the book Talk Like Ted by Carmine Gallo. Fascinated. Recovery. Headache. Ambulance. Blood vessel. Luckily, meaningless surgeon for a living blood clot. Before dawn, a young brain scientist wakes with a terrible headache.

The pain sits sharply behind her left eye, unlike any headache she has known.

She climbs onto her exercise machine anyway because routines are hard to break.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Does she wake with a terrible headache?

>> Yes. Before dawn, she wakes with a terrible headache. Is the pain behind her left eye or her right eye?

The pain sits sharply behind her left eye. Where does she climb anyway?

She climbs onto her exercise machine. Anyway, >> good job. Let's continue the story. >> Then something odd happens. Her hands look like claws and her body feels [sighs] far away.

Her name is Jill Bolt Taylor. It is December 1996. She is 37 and she studies the brain for a living.

Let's see what stayed in her mind. Let's go. >> Does her body feel close?

No. Her body feels far away. Does she study the brain or the heart for a living? She studies the brain for a living. What do her hands look like? Her hands look like claws. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> She knows what a stroke is better than almost anyone. Slowly she realizes

she is having one.

A blood vessel has burst in the left side of her brain which handles language, numbers, and time.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Does she realize she is having a stroke?

Yes. Slowly she realizes she is having one. Has a blood vessel burst in the left side or the right side?

A blood vessel has burst in the left side of her brain. What does the left side of her brain handle?

It handles language, numbers, and time. >> Now, back to the story. Her right arm stops working. Her words are being wiped away one by one.

And here is the strangest part. Even through the fear, part of the scientist is fascinated.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Are her words being wiped away?

Yes, her words are being wiped away one by one. Is the scientist only afraid or also fascinated?

Even through the fear, part of the scientist is fascinated. What stops working? Her right arm stops working. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> She later said she was amazed to study her own brain from the inside.

She needs help, but calling for it has become a huge task.

She stares at a business card from work. Its numbers look like meaningless shapes.

Speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Is calling for help easy?

No, calling for it has become a huge task. Do the numbers look clear or like meaningless shapes? Its numbers look like meaningless shapes. What was she amazed to study?

She was amazed to study her own brain from the inside. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. So she matches the meaningless shapes one by one and after a long struggle reaches a colleague.

When she opens her mouth, only strange sounds come [sighs] out. Luckily, her colleague understands and sends help.

Now, it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Does her colleague understand her?

>> Yes. Luckily, her colleague understands and sends help. Does she match the shapes all at once or one by one? She matches the meaningless shapes one by one. What comes out when she opens her mouth? Only strange sounds come out. >> Great job. Now back to the story. Soon she is being rushed to hospital in

an ambulance. Within 3 weeks, surgeons remove a blood clot the size of a golf ball.

The blood plot has been removed. and her body has survived. Her recovery has only begun.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Is she being rushed to hospital in an ambulance?

Yes. Soon she is being rushed to hospital in an ambulance. Has the blood clot been removed or left inside? The blood clot has been removed. What do the surgeons remove?

Surgeons remove a blood clot the size of a golf ball. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. Like a small child, she must rebuild walking, reading, speaking, and simple sums. No surgeon can do it for her.

Luckily, a brain that has been damaged can still learn. The full recovery takes 8 years.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Can a surgeon rebuild her skills for her? No. No surgeon can do it for her. Can a brain that has been damaged still learn or not?

Luckily, a brain that has been damaged can still learn. How long does the full recovery take?

The full recovery takes 8 years. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Many people would have wanted to forget it all. She does the opposite.

She decides the experience that fascinated her can help others understand the brain.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Does she try to forget it all? No, she does the opposite. Would many people have wanted to remember it or forget it? Many people would have wanted to forget it all. What can the experience help others do?

It can help others understand the brain. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. Years later, she walks onto the TED stage holding a real human brain [applause] in her gloved hands.

The room goes silent. In simple words, she describes what happens when one blood vessel breaks.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. Does the room go silent? Yes, the room goes silent. Is she holding a real human brain or a model?

She walks onto the TED stage holding a real human brain. What does she describe in simple words?

She describes what happens when one blood vessel breaks. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> Her talk becomes one of Ted's most watched, and millions hear from the inside what a stroke feels like.

Her worst morning has become her most useful message. The pain has not disappeared but it has been given a purpose.

>> Every sentence speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. Has the pain been given a purpose?

Yes, the pain has not disappeared, but it has been given a purpose. Is her talk rarely watched or one of Ted's most watched? Her talk becomes one of Ted's most watched. What has her worst morning become?

Her worst morning has become her most useful message. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Your hardest experience can become your best lesson for others if you study it instead of hiding it.

Think of your own English story. The exam you failed or the meeting where you froze. No ambulance came yet. It hurt.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Did an ambulance come for your failed exam?

No, no ambulance came yet. It hurt. Should you study your hardest experience or hide it? Study it instead of hiding it. What can your hardest experience become? It can become your best lesson for others. That's it. This is the last part of a story. Give it your best. >> You may see that day as a scar.

A learner stuck where you were would see a map.

So stop hiding it. You need not study brains for a living. Tell it simply and let it teach someone.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. >> Do you need to study brains for a living? >> No, you need not study brains for a living. Would a stuck learner see a scar or a map?

A learner stuck where you were would see a map. What should you do with your story? Tell it simply and let it teach someone.

The grammar we practiced today passive continuous and perfect. Her words are being wiped away one by one. Soon she is being rushed to hospital in an ambulance. The blood clot has been removed and her body has survived. Luckily, a brain that has been damaged can still learn.

Congratulations. You practiced 467 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Okay.

So, if you think about it, you're learning very key lessons that are going to improve your your your whole mindset. That's amazing.

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Let's go. The Old Kettle from the book Think and Grow Rich by Napoleon Hill. Historical. Historical. Historical. Historical. Historical. Historical. Historical. Historical. Piece by piece. Historical. It is said that a fortune once began at the back door of a small American drugstore.

An old country doctor is said to have arrived by horse and buggy with something to sell.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Is it said that a fortune began at a drugstore?

Yes, it is said that a fortune once began at the back door of a small American drugstore. Is the doctor said to have arrived by train or by horse and buggy? He is said to have arrived by horse and buggy. What did the old country doctor bring? He came with something to sell.

Now, back to the story. Behind the counter, he and a young cler talked in low voices for more than an hour.

Then the doctor fetched a large old kettle and a wooden paddle for stirring from his buggy.

Okay, questions time. >> Did the doctor and the cler talk for more than an hour?

Yes, they talked in low voices for more than an hour. Did the doctor fetch a kettle or a box?

He fetched a large old kettle and a wooden paddle for stirring. What was the wooden paddle for? The wooden paddle was for stirring. Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next part. >> He also handed over a small slip of paper. [snorts] On it was written a secret formula.

The cler is said to have paid the doctor $500, his entire savings.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Is the cler said to have paid $500?

Yes. The cler is said to have paid the doctor $500, his entire savings. Was the secret formula on a slip of paper or in a book? It was written on a small slip of paper. What was written on the slip of paper? A secret formula was written on it. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed

it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Imagine his friends hearing about the deal. all his savings [laughter] for a worthless old kettle and a few lines of handwriting.

To the doctor, the sail was a relief. He was glad [clears throat] to be rid [sighs] of it.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Was the sale a relief to the doctor?

Yes, to the doctor the sale was a relief. Did his friends see a treasure or a worthless old kettle?

They saw a worthless old kettle and a few lines of handwriting. Why was the doctor glad? He was glad to be rid of it. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> The cler is believed to have seen something the doctor had missed. The drink was only half of the treasure.

The other half, the storyteller argues, was what the cler added. Imagination and a plan to sell far beyond one town.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Is the cler believed to have seen something the doctor missed.

Yes. The cler is believed to have seen something. The doctor had missed. Was the drink the whole treasure or only half? The drink was only half of the treasure. What did the cler add?

The cler added imagination and a plan to sell far beyond one town. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. >> Slowly the drink traveled first to nearby towns, then across the country, then around the world.

The drink from that kettle carries a name now printed on bottles around the world.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Did the drink stay in one town?

No. It traveled across the country then around the world. Did the drink travel quickly or slowly? Slowly the drink traveled. Where is its name printed now?

Its name is now printed on bottles around the world. Great job. Now back to the story. >> It was CocaCola. The book is Think and Grow Rich and its author Napoleon Hill named the young Clark as Candler. Here

a careful reader should pause. Hill told it almost like a parable and the historical record is less tidy.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did Hill name the young Clark as Acera Candler?

Yes. Napoleon Hill named the young cler as Acera Candler. Is the historical record tidy or less tidy? The historical record is less tidy. What did Hill tell it almost like?

Hill told it almost like a parable. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> The drink had been invented by a pharmacist and Candler was no young Clark. He was a successful drugist in his late 30s.

Between 1888 and 1891, he gathered the rights piece by piece, paying a little over $2,000 in all.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Was Candler a young Clark?

No. Candler was no young Clark. He was a successful drugist. Was the drink invented by a pharmacist or by a doctor? The drink had been invented by a pharmacist. How did he gather the rights?

He gathered the rights piece by piece. >> Okay. Now listening mode. >> So the kettle scene is not historical in every detail. It is believed that Hill shaped it into a parable.

Its point survives in the hands of the pharmacist. The formula had not become a fortune.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Is the kettle scene historical in every detail?

No, the kettle scene is not historical in every detail. Is it believed that Hill shaped it into a parable or a report?

It is believed that Hill shaped it into a parable. What had the formula not become in the pharmacist's hands?

In the hands of the pharmacist, the formula had not become a fortune. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. It had been sold off piece by piece in the hands of someone with a vision. It grew into a giant company.

value is rarely printed on the object. It is seen by the person who looks at it and asks what it could become. [clears throat]

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Was the formula sold off piece by piece?

Yes, it had been sold off [gasps] piece by piece. Is value printed on the object or seen by a person? It is seen by the person who looks at it. What did it grow into? It grew into a giant company. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> You may own an old kettle, too. a dusty

grammar book, a free course, unused notes. Throwing them away would feel like a relief.

They look worthless because they are common. So did a slip of handwriting until someone acted on it.

>> Now the floors yours. Let's go. >> Would throwing them away feel like a relief?

Yes, throwing them away would feel like a relief. Is your old kettle a dusty grammar book or a new phone?

You may own an old kettle, too. A dusty grammar book. Why do they look borders? They look worthless because they are common. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. This week, choose one dusty English resource you already have and treat it as if it had cost you all your savings.

Finish it. Stir it every day. The treasure was never the kettle. It was what the buyer did next.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. Should you stir it every day?

Yes. Finish it. Stir it every day. Was the treasure the kettle or what the buyer did next?

The treasure was never the kettle. It was what the buyer did next. What should you choose this week?

Choose one dusty English resource you already have.

The grammar we practice today, impersonal passive. It is said that a fortune once began at the back door of a small American drugstore. An old country doctor is said to have arrived by horse and buggy with something to sell. The cler is said to have paid the doctor $500, his entire savings. The cler is believed to have seen

something the doctor had missed.

Congratulations. You practiced 459 words in this story and you learned a lot. Awesome. A full story in English.

That's a huge, huge achievement. Great job. The power of habit.

Let's go into the story. The kebab sellers. >> The kebab sellers from the book The Power of Habit by Charles Duhig. Riot. Chaos. Chant. Violence. Bury. Out of reach. In common turn into a remote control escalate an afternoon in a city square. A few people gather, then a few more, then a few hundred.

This was Kufur in Iraq in the years when American soldiers were stationed there.

No one answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Was Kufa a city in Iraq?

Yes, this was Kufa in Iraq. Did a few people gather or a few hundred?

First a few people gathered, then a few more, then a few hundred. Who was stationed in Kufur in those years? American soldiers were stationed there. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Early in the power of habit, Charles Doohig takes us to squares like this and to a US Army major there.

His problem was simple. Crowds like this sometimes turned into riots and people got hurt. [cheering]

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did crowds like this sometimes turn into riots?

>> Yes. Crowds like this sometimes turned into riots and people got hurt. Was he a US Army major or a police officer? He was a US Army major. Who takes us to squares like this?

Charles Doohig takes us there early in the power of habit. All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> He had studied videotapes of earlier riots looking for anything they had in common.

What gets a peaceful crowd to turn into a riot in his place? What would you have done?

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Did the major study videotapes of earlier riots?

Yes, he studied videotapes of earlier riots. Was he looking for differences or for what the riots had in common?

He was looking for anything the riots had in common. What did the major want to learn from the tapes?

He wanted to learn what gets a peaceful crowd to turn into a riot. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> The usual answers come quickly. Get more soldiers sent in. Close the roads early.

They are expensive and they can escalate the trouble making an angry crowd angrier.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Is getting more soldiers sent in a usual answer?

Yes. Getting more soldiers sent in is one of the usual answers. Can the usual answers calm trouble or escalate it?

They can escalate the trouble, making an angry crowd angrier. Why are the usual answers a problem?

They are expensive and they can escalate the trouble. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> He noticed something smaller the tapes had in common. The violence rarely started when people first arrived.

A crowd would gather and grow for hours. Food sellers would arrive and people who only came to watch would stay. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. Did the violence start when people first arrived?

No, the violence rarely started when people first arrived. Did the people who only came to watch leave or stay? They would stay. What did the tapes have in common? [clears throat] Crowds grew for hours. Food sellers arrived and the violence came later. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story.

>> Only later as the day went on. Would someone throw a stone or a bottle and ch.

So he went to the mayor of Kufur and got him to keep food sellers out of the squares.

>> A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. Did chaos follow the stones and bottles?

Yes. Someone would throw a stone or a bottle and chaos would follow. Did the major go to the police or to the mayor? He went to the mayor of Kufer. What did the major get the mayor to do? He got him to keep food sellers out of the squares. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue

and enjoy the story. >> It sounded almost silly. kebabs against riots. [laughter] The mayor agreed anyway.

A few weeks later, a crowd gathered near the great mosque of Kufur. It grew all afternoon and the chanting became loud and angry.

>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Did the mayor refuse the request?

No. The mayor [snorts] agreed anyway. Was the chanting quiet or loud and angry? The chanting became loud and angry. Where did the crowd gather? A few weeks later, it gathered near the great mosque of Kufa. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> The local police were nervous. Everyone could feel the afternoon about

to escalate into chaos.

Then evening came and people got hungry. They looked around for the kebab sellers who were always there.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Were the local police calm? No. The local police were nervous. Was the afternoon about to escalate [gasps] into chaos or into peace?

Everyone could feel the afternoon about to escalate into chaos. What did hungry people look for in the evening?

They looked around for the kebab sellers who are always there. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> There were none. The people who had come only to watch drifted home to eat.

Without an audience, the men still chanting lost their energy. By 8:00, the square was empty.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Were there any kebab sellers in the square? >> No, there were none. Did the watchers stay or drift home to eat? They drifted home to eat. What happened to the men still chanting? Without an audience, they lost their energy >> now. Story's calling us. Let's continue.

>> Nobody had been hurt. Less food, not more force, had got the crowd to go home.

The major had understood that violence is not one sudden event. A riot is a chain of small habits repeated in order.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Did more force get the crowd to go home?

No. Less food, not more force, got the crowd to go home. Is violence one sudden event or a chain of small habits?

Violence is not one sudden event. A riot is a chain of small habits. How many people had been hurt? Nobody had been hurt. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Find the small habit that feeds a big problem. And the big problem may lose its fuel. [clears throat]

Your biggest English problem might be feeding on something just [clears throat] as small.

Maybe you never practice speaking because your phone is always on the desk.

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. Can a small habit feed a big problem?

Yes, a small habit can feed a big problem. Is your phone always on the desk or out of reach? Maybe your phone is always on the desk. What might your biggest English problem be feeding on?

It might be feeding on something just as small. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Maybe you skip reading because the book is buried in your bag and the remote control sits by your hand.

Try this for one week. Find your problems kebab seller. The small thing that keeps the crowd around.

>> That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Is the book buried in your bag?

Yes. Maybe the book is buried in your bag. Is the remote control by your hand or far away? The remote control sits by your hand. How long should you try this? Try this for one week. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> Get the buried book taken out and left

on your pillow. Get someone to put the remote control out of reach.

Then watch as the major did what happens by 8:00 once the kebabs are out of reach. Here's

the last questions. I want you to give them everything you've got. >> Should you get someone to put the remote control out of reach?

Yes. Get someone to put the remote control out of reach. Should you get the book taken out or left in your bag?

Get the buried book taken out and left on your pillow. When should you watch what happens?

Watch what happens by 8:00 as the major did.

The grammar we practiced today, get something done, get someone to. What gets a peaceful crowd to turn into a riot? Get more soldiers sent in. So he went to the mayor of Kufur and got him to keep food sellers out of the squares. Less food, not more force, had got the crowd to go home.

Congratulations. You practiced 461 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's awesome. Congratulations and let's keep going. How the mighty fall.

But you really really want to kind of

You want to read this book? Let's jump into the story, The Clean Way Out. >> The Clean Way Out from the book How the Mighty Fall by Jim Collins. Lender costly. Collapse. Declare. Refusal. Run low. Share price. Run into far from over. Brutal. The 1st of May 2000. An Mahhei is made president of Xerox,

the company that gave the world the office copier.

She has spent her career there starting in sales. She loves the company and it is in serious trouble.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Was M. Malke made president of Sierox?

Yes. Anne Malkei was made president of Xerox. Did she start her career in sales or in finance? She started in sales. What did Xerox give the world? It gave the world the office copier. >> Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next part. Its debts run into billions of dollars. Its share price has lost most of its

value. And cash is running low.

She is not a finance expert. Nobody has ever trained her to rescue a company this sick.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Was cash running low at Xerox?

Yes, cash was running low. Did its debts run into millions or into billions? Its debts ran into billions of dollars. What had the share price lost?

The share price had lost most of its value. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> October 2000. Speaking to investors, she admits that the company's business model cannot continue.

It is honest and it is costly. The share price collapses in a single day.

Let's see what stayed in her mind. Let's go. Did she admit that the business model could not continue?

Yes, she admitted that the company's business model could not continue. Was her honesty free or costly? It was honest and it was costly. How quickly did the share price collapse?

The share price collapsed in a single day. Now back to the story. >> August 2001, she is named chief executive. The goal now is simple and brutal. Keep Xerox alive.

Her advisers suggest declaring bankruptcy, a clean way out that lets a court shield the company from its lenders.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Did her advisors suggest declaring bankruptcy?

Yes. Her advisor suggested declaring bankruptcy. Would bankruptcy shield the company from its lenders or from its customers?

It would let a court shield the company from its lenders. What was the goal when she became chief executive?

The goal was simple and brutal. Keep Xerox alive. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Many leaders would take that road. It is legal. It keeps the lenders quiet and it takes weight off your shoulders. [sighs and gasps]

She refuses to declare bankruptcy, believing it would damage customers, workers, and the company's name for years.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. Did she agree to declare bankruptcy?

No. She refused to declare bankruptcy. Does bankruptcy keep the lenders quiet or make them angry? It keeps the lenders quiet. Why did she refuse to declare bankruptcy?

She believed it would damage customers, workers, and the company's name for years. [clears throat] Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> So, the hard path begins. She sells parts that are not central and yearly savings run into more than a billion dollar.

About 25,000 jobs disappear, each one belonging to a person with a family. The price is brutal.

>> Okay, questions time. Did about 25,000 jobs disappear?

Yes. About 25,000 jobs disappeared. Did the yearly savings run into thousands or into more than a billion dollars?

The yearly savings ran into more than a billion. How does the story describe the price of the cuts? The price is brutal. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. Yet she insists on protecting one budget. Research the labs where Xerox is building its future products.

Cutting research would save money quickly and leave nothing new to sell a few years later.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. Did she insist on protecting research?

Yes. She insisted on protecting one budget, research. Would cutting research save money slowly or quickly? Cutting research would save money quickly. What would cutting research leave a few years later? It would leave nothing new to sell. Now stories calling us. Let's continue. She travels constantly asking customers and employees to stay with Xerox a little longer.

The end of 2002. For the first time in years, the company reports a profit for the full year.

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Did she ask customers to stay with Xerox?

Yes, she asked customers and employees to stay a little longer. Did the company report a less or a profit at the end of 2002? It reported a profit for the full year. How often did she travel? She traveled constantly. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of

the story. >> It is small and the fight is far from over. Still, a company many expected to collapse is standing again.

Later, products from the protected labs help Xerox grow, and she leads it for most of a decade.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Was the fight over? No, the fight was far from over. Did the company collapse or stand again?

A company many expected to collapse was standing again. How long did she lead Xerox? >> She led it for most of a decade. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Looking back, the turning point was not one clever move. It was a refusal made early whilst he

still had options.

Refuse to give in while you still have a choice. Once you give in, the choice is no longer yours.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. Was the turning point one clever move?

No, it was a refusal made early. Should you refuse to give in early or late? Refuse to give in while you still have a choice. What happens once you give in?

Once you give in, the choice is no longer yours. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Many learners reach their own. October 2000. The results are bad. Energy runs low. And quitting sounds reasonable.

Then a voice inside suggests taking the clean way out, postponing the exam or deciding you are bad at languages.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Does quitting sometimes sound reasonable?

Yes. When the results are bad, quitting sounds reasonable. Does the voice inside suggest working harder or taking the clean way out?

It suggests taking the clean way out. What does the voice inside suggest postponing? It suggests postponing the exam. >> And now the big finish. >> Before you take it, make your own refusal. Decide what you will not give up. Even if holding on feels costly.

For her it was the research labs. For you it might be your exam date kept on the calendar, not quietly moved.

If your numbers look terrible right now, good. You are finally looking at them honestly and your story is far from over.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. Should you make your own refusal?

Yes. Make your own refusal. Decide what you will not give up. Should your exam date stay on the calendar or be quietly moved?

It should be kept on the calendar, not quietly moved. Why is it good if your numbers look terrible?

You are finally looking at them honestly and your story is far from over.

The grammar we practice today, reporting verbs. Speaking to investors, she admits that the company's business model cannot continue. Her advisers suggest declaring bankruptcy, a clean way out that lets a court shield the company from its lenders. She refuses to declare bankruptcy, believing it would damage customers, workers, and the company's name for years.

Yet she insists on protecting one budget, research. The labs where Xerox is building its future products.

Congratulations. You practiced 467 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Well done. And here's the thing. You are constantly learning something new. You're learning how to think in an ambitious way.

And that's amazing. The obstacle is the way. Oh my god. Obstacles.

Alhamdulillah. Asia.

That's an amazing concept. F. Yeah. Let's get us started with the story, The Smile in Renault. >> The Smile in Reno from the book The Obstacle is the Way by Ryan Holiday. Heavyweight. Heavyweight. Heavyweight. Heavyweight. Heavyweight. Heavyweight. Heavyweight. Heavyweight. Heavyweight. Heavyweight. Reno, Nevada. The afternoon sun is fierce and around 20,000 people are packed around a boxing

ring.

Almost all of them have come for one reason. They want to see the champion lose.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Was the afternoon sun fierce in Reno? Yes, the afternoon sun was fierce.

Did the crowd want the champion to win or to lose? They wanted to see the championage lose. How many people were packed around the ring?

Around 20,000 people were packed around the ring. >> Now, back to the story. >> The champion is Jack Johnson, the first black man to hold the World Heavyweight title. Many Americans refuse to accept it.

Called out of retirement to face him, Jim Jeff has never lost a fight. The crowd calls the former heavyweight champion their hope. >> [cheering]

>> Okay, questions time. >> Was Jack Johnson the world heavyweight champion?

Yes, he was the first black man to hold the world heavyweight title. Was Jeff called out of retirement or out of school? He was called out of retirement to face Johnson. called out of retirement. What record did Jeffre have? He had never lost a fight. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> The year is 1910

and the hatred in the air is open. Nobody in the stands is trying to hide it. [cheering]

Climbing into the ring, Johnson meets insults, threats, and cruel names aimed at the color of his skin.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Was the hatred in the air hidden?

>> No. The hatred in the air was open. Climbing into the ring, did Johnson meet cheers or threats.

Climbing into the ring, he met insults, threats, and cruel names. What year was it? The year was 1910. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Think about what that noise is meant to do. >> Every threat, every roar of hatred is meant to make him angry. afraid or careless.

An angry fighter swings wildly. A frightened fighter freezes. [gasps and sighs] Either way, the crowd believes their man will win.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Was the noise meant to make him careless?

Yes. Every threat was meant to make him angry, afraid, or careless. Does an angry fighter swing wildly or freeze? An angry fighter swings wildly. What does a frightened fighter do? A frightened fighter freezes >> now. Story's calling us. Let's continue. >> Leaning forward at ringside, reporters watch Johnson's face closely as the bell rings.

Instead of fury, they see a grin. Johnson is relaxed, almost playful, as if he is enjoying a quiet afternoon.

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Did the reporters see fury in his face?

No. Instead of fury, they saw a grin. >> [clears throat] >> Leaning forward, did reporters watch his face or his feet.

Leaning forward at ringside, they watched his face closely. How did Johnson look? He was relaxed. almost playful. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Between punches, he talks. He jokes with Jeff. and he jokes with the men shouting at him from Jeffre's corner.

When the crowd roars at him, he answers with a grin. Moving carefully, he wastes nothing. Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Did Johnson talk between punches?

>> Yes. Between punches he talked and joked. When the crowd roared, did he answer with anger or with a grin?

When the crowd roared at him, he answered with a grin. Moving carefully, what did he waste? Moving carefully, he wasted nothing. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Round after round, the older man grows heavier and slower. Johnson stays loose, [sighs] patient, and completely in control.

The noise has not changed. What has changed is who it is hurting. Jeff is the one who looks tense now.

>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Did the older man grow faster?

No, the older man grew heavier and slower. Who looked tense now, Johnson or Jeff? Jeff was the one who looked tense. Now, what had changed? What had changed was who the noise was hurting. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> In the 15th round, Johnson knocks Jeff down for the first time in his whole career.

Knocked down again, Jeff cannot go on and his own team steps in to stop the fight. The champion is still [bell] the champion.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Was Jeff knocked down in the 15th round?

Yes. In the 15th round, Johnson knocked him down for the first time. Knocked down again. Did Jeff go on or did his team stop the fight?

Knocked down again, he could not go on and his team stopped the fight. Who was still the heavyweight champion? Johnson was still the heavyweight champion. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. Ryan Holiday brings this fight into the obstacle is the way in a part about staying steady under

pressure.

His point is not that Johnson felt no fury. It is that he refused to hand his feelings over to a crowd.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did Johnson hand his fury and feelings over to the crowd?

No, he refused to hand his feelings over to a crowd. Is the part about staying steady or about getting angry? It is a part about staying steady under pressure. Which book brings this fight in? The obstacle is the way by Ryan Holiday. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> The crowd controlled the noise.

It could not control his face, his breathing, or his next decision.

Most of us will never stand in a ring. Still, from school to retirement, we all meet crowds of a smaller kind.

Now test yourself. Could the crowd control his face?

No, it could not control his face, his breathing, or his next decision. Do we meet crowds only in a ring, or from school to retirement?

From school to retirement, we all meet crowds of a smaller kind. What did the crowd control?

The crowd controlled the noise. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. A laugh when you mispronounce a word. [laughter] A teacher who sigh. A [sighs] voice inside that says you will never speak well.

People can shout and you still choose your face. Anger or fear would only make you swing wildly and hand them the fight.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Does the voice inside say you will speak? Well,

no. It says you will never speak well. Would anger make you swing wildly or stay calm?

Anger or fear would only make you swing wildly. What do you still choose when people shout? You still choose your face. >> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring it home. So, next time the noise starts, breathe, stay playful, smile if you can, and say your next sentence anyway.

And picture that ring in Reno again. The fierce sun, the roaring stands, and one calm face that stayed in control.

Here's the last questions. I want you to give them everything you've got. >> Should you stay playful when the noise starts?

Yes. Breathe, stay playful, and say your next sentence anyway. Was the sun in Reno fierce or gentle? The sun in Reno was fierce. What should you do when the noise starts?

Breathe. Smile if you can and say your next sentence anyway.

The grammar we practice today. Participle clauses. Called out of retirement to face him. Jim Jeff has never lost a fight. Climbing into the ring, Johnson meets insults, threats, and cruel names aimed at the color of his skin. Leaning forward at ringside, reporters watch Johnson's face closely as the bell rings. Moving carefully, he wastes nothing.

Congratulations. You practiced 470 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's amazing. If you notice something

and you you're doing it at the same time. That's such a great accomplishment. And now let's take a quick break and listen to one of the real stories from one of my students English.

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foreign.

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in this video. There you go.

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foreign

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Mhm.

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for

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feeling lazy.

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foreign.

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foreign.

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you foreign.

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Alhamdulillah. >> [laughter]

>> Rich dad, poor dad. foreign

speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.

Dannychech. [snorts]

Please.

But that's that's the difference. And now let's jump into the story. The hamburger question. >> The hamburger question from the book Rich Dad Poor Dad by Robert Kiyosaki. Real estate. Lease. Drift. Expire. Go out of fashion. Certificate month after month. Setting asset. Menu. Look at the next McDonald's you pass. The golden arches.

The bright menu. The smell of fries drifting from the door.

Now answer one simple question. What business is that restaurant really in?

Think before you answer. The obvious answer is right there on the tray.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Is there a bright menu at McDonald's?

Yes, there are golden arches and a bright menu. Is the smell drifting from the door fries or coffee? It is the smell of fries drifting from the door. What simple question does the story ask? It asks what business that restaurant is really in. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> In 1974,

the man who had turned McDonald's into a giant, Ray Croc, was invited to speak to business students in Texas.

They were studying for an MBA, an advanced business degree. So they believed they knew how companies made money.

All right, time to prove you're focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Was Ray Croc invited to speak to business students?

Yes, he was invited to speak to business students in Texas. Were the students studying for an MBA or for a certificate?

They were studying for an MBA, an advanced business degree. What did the students believe?

They believed they knew how companies made money. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> After his talk, a group of students sat down with him in a more relaxed setting.

Then he asked them the question I have just asked you. What business was he in?

>> Okay, questions time. Did the students sit down with him in a relaxed setting?

Yes. They sat down with him in a more relaxed setting. Did he ask them about burgers or about his business? He asked them what business he was in. When did the students sit down with him? They sat down with him after his talk. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of

the story. >> The students laughed. The answer was so obvious that it [laughter] felt like a trick.

Finally, one student said it out loud. Hamburgers. McDonald's was in the hamburger business. Of course.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did the students take the question seriously? No, the students laughed. Did the class answer together or did one student say it? Finally, one student said it out loud. What did the student say? The student said hamburgers. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue.

>> He told them they were wrong. >> His business, he explained, was real estate, the land lying under his restaurants. Here

is the missing clue. Burgers brought in cash every day, but the real asset was the ground underneath.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Was his business real estate? >> Yes, his business was real estate. Was the real asset the burgers or the ground underneath?

The real asset was the ground underneath. What land was his business? It was the land lying under his restaurants. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> The company often bought or leased the land for a new restaurant, then rented it to the owner running it. Those owners paid rent month after month. Over the decades, many corners on which

those restaurants stood became extremely valuable.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. Did the company lease land for new restaurants?

Yes. The company often bought or leased the land. Did the owners pay rent once or month after month? They paid rent month after month. Which corners became extremely valuable?

Many corners on which those restaurants stood became extremely valuable. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Burgers could go out of fashion. The setting in which they were sold, a busy corner in a growing city, usually gained value.

Robert Kiosaki tells this story in Rich Dad Poor Dad. A friend of his was one of the students sitting in that room.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Could burgers go out of fashion?

Yes, burgers could go out of fashion. Did the setting in which burgers were sold lose value or gain value?

The setting in which they were sold usually gained value. Who was one of the students sitting in that room?

A friend of Robert Kiyosaki was one of the students sitting in that room. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> His point is sharp. Many people work hard inside a business without knowing what it really is.

Nearly anyone would give that answer. We look at what is sold and our eyes drift past what is kept.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Do many people know what their business really is?

No. Many people work hard without knowing what it really is. Do our eyes drift past what is sold or what is kept?

Our eyes drift past what is kept. What do we look at? We look at what is sold. >> Now back to the story. >> Know which business you are really in. >> The obvious answer is often not the one that builds wealth.

Now turn the question on yourself. When you study English, which business are you in?

Okay. Voices up. Now here comes the questions. >> Is the obvious answer always the one that builds wealth?

No. The obvious answer is often not the one that builds wealth. Should you turn the question on others or on yourself? Turn the question on yourself. What should you know? Know which business you are really in. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> The obvious answer is a score.

a 6.5 printed on a certificate that will expire or one more line on your CV.

Scores matter, but they are the burger on the menu. People see them and they are quickly forgotten.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Will the certificate expire?

Yes, it is a certificate that will expire. Is a score the burger or the real estate?

Scores are the burger on the menu. What is the obvious answer?

The obvious answer is a score as 6.5 printed on a certificate. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. The real estate is the skill underneath. It never goes out of fashion and it keeps working long after the certificate has expired.

Every book you finish in English and every conversation you survive is another asset, a piece of land you own.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Does the skill go out of fashion? >> No, it never goes out of fashion. Does the skill stop working when the certificate expires or keep working?

It keeps working long after the certificate has expired. What is every book you finish in English?

It is another asset, a piece of land you own. >> And now the big finish. You do not lease this land. You own it and it pays you back month after month.

So don't ask what score you need this month. Ask what you will still own in 10 years.

last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Do you lease this land?

No, you do not lease this land. You own it. Should you ask about this month or about 10 years from now?

Ask what you will still own in 10 years. How often does the land pay you back? It pays you back month after month.

The grammar we practice today reduced and prepositional relatives. His business, he explained, was real estate, the land lying under his restaurants. The company often bought or leased the land for a new restaurant, then rented it to the owner running it. Over the decades, many corners on which those restaurants stood became extremely valuable.

The setting in which they were sold, a busy corner in a growing city, usually gained value.

Congratulations. You practiced 462 words in this story and you learned a lot. Honestly, well done. And uh this is the important thing. You you're you're improving your English. You're improving your mindset. And that's going to make you a undestroyable man or or like undestroyable guy. So that's amazing. Give and take.

Let's jump into the story. The names he forgot. >> The names he forgot from the book Give and Take by Adam Grant. Vaccine, patents, applause, nerve, trial, organization along the way, develop polio, resentment. In the spring of 1955, the news millions of parents had waited for arrived. A vaccine against polio worked.

For years, polio had paralyzed children every summer. Parents kept their children away from swimming pools in fear.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Did the vaccine against polio work?

Yes, a vaccine against polio [gasps] worked. Did polio hurt children every summer or every winter? Polio had paralyzed children every summer. What did parents keep their children away from? They kept their children away from swimming pools. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> The vaccine had been developed in a

laboratory in Pittsburgh led by a young doctor named Jonas Sulk.

A huge national trial had tested it on school children. On April 12th, the results were announced at the University of Michigan.

Now test yourself. >> Was the vaccine developed in Pittsburgh?

Yes. It was developed in a laboratory in Pittsburgh. Was the trial small or huge and national? It was a huge national trial. Where were the results announced?

The results were announced at the University of Michigan. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Reporters and cameras filled the hall. When Sork rose to speak to loud applause, the whole country seemed to listen.

In his speech, he stopped to thank many people and organizations, including the foundation that had paid for the research. [applause]

Let's turn those ears into voice. Did Sorc stop to thank organizations?

Yes, he stopped to thank many people and organizations. Did he rise to speak to silence or to loud applause? He rose to speak to loud applause. Who had paid for the research? The foundation had paid for the research. Okay, now listening mode. >> In the audience sat the scientists from his own laboratory who had worked beside

him for years.

They had helped develop it along the way long before the trial. Now they waited for their names.

>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Did the team help develop the vaccine?

Yes, they had helped develop it along the way. Were the scientists on the stage or in the audience? They sat in the audience. [sighs] What were they waiting for? They were waiting for their names. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Their names never came. He forgot to mention a single member of

his own team.

Julius Younger, one of his key scientists, was deeply hurt. For some of the team, the resentment lasted decades.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Did Sorc remember to mention his team?

No, he forgot to mention a single member of his own team. Did Julius Younger feel proud or deeply hurt? Julius Younger was deeply hurt. How long did the resentment last?

For some of the team, the resentment lasted decades. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Now comes the irony. That same day, a television journalist asked Sork who owned the patent on the vaccine.

He answered that the people owned it and there was no patent. Then he asked, "Could you patent the sun?"

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did Sorc own a patent on the vaccine?

No, he said the people owned it and there was no patent. Did a journalist ask about the patent or about the team?

A television journalist asked who owned the patent. What did Sorc ask the journalist? He asked if you could patent the sun. >> Nice one. Let's continue. The man who gave his vaccine to the whole world had not given a few words to the people beside him.

The team had not asked for money or fame. They had only wanted to be seen.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Had the team asked for money?

>> No. The team had not asked for money or fame. Did Sorc give his vaccine to the world or keep it? He gave his vaccine to the whole world. What had the team wanted? They had only wanted to be seen. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Why did he leave them out?

Maybe it was nerves. Or maybe he believed the story was simply his. We cannot know.

Whatever the reason, the damage was done. His colleagues never forgot sitting through that speech long after the crowd was forgotten. [applause]

Great speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. >> Did his colleagues forget sitting through that speech?

No. They never forgot sitting through that speech. Was the reason nerves or did he believe the story was his?

Maybe it was nerves or maybe he believed the story was his. We cannot know what was done. Whatever the reason, whatever the reason, the damage was done. >> Now, back to the story. Adam Grant comes back to this moment in Give and Take as a warning about how quickly credit can turn into resentment.

Great work is rarely done by one pair of hands. And people remember whose hands you forgot to mention.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. Can credit turn into resentment?

Yes. Credit can quickly turn into resentment. Is great work done by one pair of hands or many?

Great work is rarely done by one pair of hands. What do people remember?

People remember whose hands you forgot to mention. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. Think about your own English. Somewhere along the way, a teacher explained a rule that finally made sense.

A friend corrected your pronunciation without laughing. A colleague in your organization checked your email before your manager saw it.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. Did a teacher explain a rule along the way?

Yes. Somewhere along the way, a teacher explained a rule. Did your friend laugh or correct you kindly?

A friend corrected your pronunciation without laughing. Who checked your email? A colleague in your organization checked your email. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> When you pass the test, those people are part of your score, even if their names are not on it.

You do not need a stage, a microphone, or applause to thank them. Try sending a short message today.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Do you need applause to thank them?

No, you do not need a stage, a microphone, or applause. Should you try sending a message or wait for a stage? Try sending a short message today. When you pass the test, who is part of your score? Those people are part of your score. That's it. This is the last part of the

story. Give it your best. >> Do not let nerves stop you. It costs almost nothing and it may be remembered for years like his silence.

So keep one rule. Before you enjoy the applause, remember to say the names of the people who helped you.

>> One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Should you let nerves stop you? No, do not let nerves stop you. Should you remember to say the names before or after the applause?

Before you enjoy the applause, remember to say the names. How long may your message be remembered?

It may be remembered for years like his silence.

The grammar we practice today, verbs that change meaning. In his speech, he stopped to thank many people and organizations, including the foundation that had paid for the research. He forgot to mention a single member of his own team. His colleagues never forgot sitting through that speech, long after the crowd had forgotten it.

Great work is rarely done by one pair of hands. And people remember whose hands you forgot to mention.

Congratulations. You practiced 463 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> See, that wasn't hard.

This is amazing. Let's keep it up. Too great.

Let's jump into the story, The Line in the Sand. >> The Line in the Sand from the book Good to Great by Jim Collins. Inherit, devoted, convenient, illustrate, line in the sand, one after another, hedgehog, drugstore, grandson, concept. The hardest thing to give up is not a bad business. It is a good one your family is proud

of.

For decades, many Walgreens drugstores had food counters. And later, the company ran its own family restaurants.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Is the hardest thing to give up a bad business?

No. The hardest thing to give up is not a bad business. It is a good one. Did Walgreens drugstores have food counters or clothing counters? Many Walgreens drugstores had food counters. What did the company run later?

Later the company ran its own family restaurants. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> The food side had a proud history. A Walgreens employee is often credited with creating a famous malted milkshake in 1922.

Cork War Green, the founder's grandson, had grown up with that history, and as head of the company, he inherited it. Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Was Cork Wall Green the founders's grandson?

Yes. Cork War Green was the founders's grandson. Is the famous milkshake from 1922 or from 1972?

A Walgreens employee is often credited with creating it in 1922. What did he inherit as head of the company?

As head of the company, he inherited that history. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> The restaurants were not a hobby. They were a real business with loyal customers and devoted managers.

Yet his team had been asking one hard question. What could this company be the best in the world at?

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Were the restaurants a hobby?

No, the restaurants were not a hobby. They were a real business. Were the managers devoted or lazy?

The managers were devoted and the customers were loyal. What hard question was his team asking?

His team was asking what this company could be the best in the world at. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Slowly, the answer became clear. Convenient drugstores on the best corners. Easy to reach. Earning well from every customer visit.

The answer pointed away from the restaurants, though nobody had said it out loud yet.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did the answer point to convenient drugstores?

Yes, the answer was convenient drugstores on the best corners. Did the answer point toward the restaurants or away from them?

The answer pointed away from the restaurants. Where should the drugstores be?

The drugstore should be on the best corners, easy to reach. Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Put yourself in his place. The restaurants carry your family name and people you respect built careers there.

Closing

them would hurt people, you know. Most leaders would rather keep them because nobody would criticize that.

>> Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. Would most leaders rather keep the restaurants?

Yes. Most leaders would rather keep them. Would closing them hurt strangers or people you know? Closing them would hurt people, you know. Why would most leaders rather keep them?

They would rather keep them because nobody would criticize that. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. It would be easy to tell yourself that a devoted grandson had better protect what he inherited.

He did not at a planning meeting. He drew a line in the sand.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did he protect the restaurants he inherited?

>> No, he did not. He drew a line in the sand. Did he draw a line in the sand at a planning meeting or at home? He drew a line in the sand at a planning meeting. What would it be easy to tell yourself?

It would be easy to tell yourself that a devoted grandson had better protect what he inherited. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> He told his team that they would be completely out of the restaurant business within 5 years.

The restaurants were not failing, which made it harder to accept. He would rather be great at one thing than good at two.

That's amazing. Now we want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Were the restaurants failing?

No, the restaurants were not failing. Would he rather be great at one thing or good at two?

He would rather be great at one thing than good at two. How long did he give the company to leave the restaurant business?

He gave it 5 years to be completely out of the restaurant business. >> Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue. Over the next years, the company did exactly what he had said. The restaurants were sold or closed one after another.

money, energy, and the best managers went into more convenient drugstores in better places. Everything else was a distraction, even a successful one.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Were the restaurants closed all at once?

No, they were sold or closed one after another. Did the best managers go into drugstores or restaurants?

The best managers went into more convenient drugstores. What was everything else?

Everything else was a distraction, even a successful one. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Strong years [laughter] came one after another. And Walgreens shares did far better than the stock market.

Jim Collins tells this story in good to great to illustrate an idea he calls the hedgehog concept.

Now test yourself. Did Walgreens shares do better than the stock market?

Yes, War Green's shares did far better than the stock market. Did strong years come one after another or only once? Strong years came one after another. What idea does this story illustrate? It illustrates the hedgehog concept. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> The concept borrows an old image. The

hedgehog knows one big thing and does it well. While the clever fox chases everything.

Saying no to a good thing can make room for a great one. That is harder than saying no to a bad thing.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Does the hedgehog chase everything?

No. The hedgehog knows one big thing and does it well. Is it harder to say no to a good thing or a bad thing? It is harder to say no to a good thing. Who chases everything in the concept?

In the concept, the clever fox chases everything. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. Your own weak can illustrate it. It has restaurants too. Not bad habits, just good activities that take your best hours.

Your restaurant may be a skill you enjoy. Perhaps you would rather read, and reading eats the hours your weak speaking needs.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Does your week have restaurants, too? Yes. Your week has restaurants, too. Would you rather read or practice speaking? Perhaps you would rather read because it is a skill you enjoy. What does reading eat?

Reading eats the hours your weak speaking needs. >> And now the big finish. Reading is not wrong. Still, if speaking is what will move your score, you had better give it the best corner of your day.

Somewhere in your week there is a restaurant. Draw your line in the sand and give its hours to your drugstore.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. >> Is reading wrong? >> No, reading is not wrong. Had you better give speaking the best corner or the worst corner of your day?

You had better give speaking the best corner of your day. Where should the restaurant's hours go? You should give its hours to your drugstore.

The grammar we practice today would rather had better. Most leaders would rather keep them because nobody would criticize that. It would be easy to tell yourself that a devoted grandson had better protect what he inherited. He would rather be great at one thing than good at two. Perhaps you would rather read, and

reading eats the hours your weak speaking needs.

Congratulations. You practiced 469 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Let's pause for a second. You finished another story and you learned a new lesson. You learned a new way of thinking. And that's amazing.

What's the difference? Let's get into the story. One sip. >> One sip from the book Blink by Malcolm Gladwell. Precisely. Unthinkable. Prefer advert. Lose ground. Sip. Store away. Liquid. Slide. Sweetness. One sip. one winner and one of the most famous business mistakes ever made.

In the early 1980s, CocaCola was still the biggest soft drink in America. Yet it was slowly losing ground.

Its rival Pepsi set up tables in shopping centers and invited people to taste two unlabeled drinks.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Was CocaCola losing ground in the early 1980s?

Yes, CocaCola was slowly losing ground. Was CocaCola the biggest soft drink or the smallest?

CocaCola was still the biggest soft drink in America. Where did Pepsi set up tables? Pepsi set up tables in shopping centers. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> In these blind tests, more people chose Pepsi. And the adverts showed their surprised faces again and again.

The company's new chief, Roberto Goeta, was determined to stop the slide. A market leader was not supposed to lose ground.

>> Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Was a market leader supposed to lose ground?

No, a market leader was not supposed to lose ground. Did the adverts show happy faces or surprised faces?

The advert showed their surprised faces again and again. What was the new chief determined to stop? He was determined to stop the slide. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Coca-Cola ran its own taste tests. Nearly 200,000 of them with a new recipe that added sweetness.

The results were clear. After one sip, people prefer the new recipe to both the old Coke and Pepsi.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Did the new recipe add sweetness? Yes, the new recipe added sweetness. After one sip, did people prefer the new recipe or the old Coke? After one sip, people preferred the new recipe. How many taste tests did Coca-Cola run?

CocaCola ran nearly 200,000 taste tests. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. So, in April 1985, the company did what had once seemed unthinkable. It changed the formula and put the new taste in its adverts.

The research had been careful, and customers were expected to be pleased. The new drink was supposed to end the slide for good.

>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Were customers [clears throat] expected to be pleased?

Yes, customers were expected to be pleased. Was the new drink supposed to end the slide or start it?

The new drink was supposed to end the slide for good. What did the company do in April 1985?

It changed the formula and put the new taste in its adverts. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> They were not. Within weeks, angry letters and phone calls were arriving by the thousands. People

stored away cases of the old drink, and some said a piece of their childhood had been taken.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Were customers pleased?

>> No, they were not. Angry letters and [clears throat] phone calls arrived by the thousands. Did people store away the old drink or the new drink? People stored away cases of the old drink. What did some people say had been taken?

Some said a piece of their childhood had been taken. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Only 79 days after the change, the company did something even more unthankable. It brought the original Coke back.

The news was so big that a national TV network interrupted a popular program to report it.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did the company do something even [gasps] more unthinkable?

Yes, it brought the original Coke back. Did it come back after 79 days or 7 years?

It came back only 79 days after the change. What did a national TV network do?

It interrupted a popular program to report the news. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> So what had gone wrong? There is a famous answer and I think the real answer is more useful.

The famous answer says that people loved the brand, not the taste. That is partly true.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. Does the famous answer say people loved the taste?

No, it says people loved the brand, not the taste. Is the famous answer completely true or partly true?

The famous answer is partly true. Which answer does the narrator think is more useful?

The narrator thinks the real answer is more useful. >> Now back to the story. >> The deeper problem was the test itself. It was supposed to predict how people drink. Yet it measured only a single sip.

In one sip, people prefer the sweeter drink. Across a whole can at home, that sweetness can become too much.

speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Was the test supposed to predict how people drink? Yes, it was supposed to predict how people drink. Did the test measure a whole can or a single sip? It measured only a single sip. What can happen to sweetness across a whole can?

across a whole can that sweetness can become too much. That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> People also drink the red can, the name and the memories, not only the liquid inside it.

So the company had measured the liquid very precisely. It simply was not the thing that mattered. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. Do people drink only the liquid?

No. People also drink the red can, the name, and the memories. Did the company measure the liquid roughly or precisely?

The company measured the liquid very precisely. What was the problem with what they measured? It simply was not the thing that mattered. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> That is the irony. One of the most carefully tested products of its time failed precisely because it passed the wrong test.

Test the right thing or careful work can lead you confidently in the wrong direction.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did the new Coke pass the wrong test?

Yes, it failed precisely [laughter] because it passed the wrong test. Should you test the right thing or the easy thing? You should test the right thing. Where can careful work lead you?

Careful work can lead you confidently in the wrong direction. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> Learners fall into the same trap. We run SIP tests on our English all the time.

We score perfectly in an app lesson or store away flashcard words and recognize them all. We feel ready. Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Do learners run SIP tests on their English?

Yes, we run SIP tests on our English all the time. Do we store away flashcard words or throw them away?

We store away flashcard words and recognize them all. How do we feel after a perfect app lesson? We feel ready. >> And now the big finish. Then a real conversation arrives fast and messy and you are expected to keep going far beyond a sip.

So before you trust your next result, ask one question. Was that a sip or was it the whole can?

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. Are you expected to stop after a sip?

No, you are expected to keep going far beyond a sip. Is a real conversation slow and neat or fast and messy?

A real conversation is fast and messy. What question should you ask before you trust a result?

Ask, "Was that a sip or was it the whole can?

The grammar we practiced today be supposed to be expected to. A market leader was not supposed to lose ground. The research had been careful and customers were expected to be pleased. The new drink was supposed to end the slide for good. It was supposed to predict how people drink, yet it measured only a single

sip.

Congratulations. You practiced 469 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Amazing. So you have listened, you understood and you spoke

and that's how you learn. The art of learning

Oh my god.

Let's get started with the story. The unfair ring. The unfair ring from the book The Art of Learning by Josh Weightskin. Referee injustice. Decisive. Illegal. Look the other way. Unclear. Give the game away. bend cleanly solid. A young fighter stands on a small square of floor. The crowd is loud and the referee seems to be looking

somewhere else.

The year is 2004. The place is Taiwan. And the fighter is Josh Weightskin, a chess champion when he was a boy.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Is the referee looking at the fighters?

No, the referee seems to be looking somewhere else. Is the crowd quiet or loud? The crowd is loud. Where does the fight take place?

The place is Taiwan and the year is 2004. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. He wants a world title in Tai Chi push hands where each fighter tries to unbalance the other and push him out.

He has trained for years for this moment. This time however [sighs] the danger does not come only from his opponents.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Has he trained for years?

Yes, he has trained for years for this moment. Does he want a world title in chess or in Tai Chi push hands?

He wants a world title in Tai Chi push hands. What does each fighter try to do?

Each fighter tries to unbalance the other and push him out. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> The rules seem to bend. Some decisions go against him and the reasons for them stay unclear.

Some opponents use illegal moves. And again the referees look the other way.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. Do the rules seem to bend?

Yes. The rules seem to bend. Are the reasons for the decisions clear or unclear? The reasons for them stay unclear. What do the referees do when opponents use illegal moves? The referees look the other way. >> Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next part. >> The crowd cheers for the local fighters.

When he wins a point [cheering] cleanly, it sometimes seems to count for less.

What would you do if you had prepared for years and the ground under your feet suddenly stopped being fair?

every sentence. Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Does the crowd cheer for him?

>> No. The crowd cheers for the local fighters. When he wins a point cleanly, does it count for more or for less? It sometimes seems to count for less. What suddenly stopped being fair? The ground under your feet suddenly stopped being fair. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Most fighters in this position do one of

two things. They lose their temper or they lose hope.

An angry fighter makes careless mistakes whereas a fighter without hope stops looking for chances. Either way, the match is already lost.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Does an angry fighter make careless mistakes?

Yes, an angry fighter makes careless mistakes. Does a fighter without hope make mistakes or stop looking for chances?

An angry fighter makes careless mistakes whereas a fighter without hope stops looking for chances. What two things do most fighters do?

They lose their temper or they lose hope. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> He does neither. Instead of fighting the referees, he turns his attention back to the only thing he can control, the next exchange.

He stops arguing in his head about why the referees look the other way and thinks only about his next move.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Does he fight the referees?

No. Instead of fighting the referees, he turns his attention to the next exchange. Does he think about the recareries or about his next move? He thinks only about his next move. What does he stop arguing about in his head?

He stops arguing about why the referees look the other way. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> If the rules bend against him, his technique must be so clear that nobody can argue with it.

So he adjusts. He moves more cleanly. His pushes become more decisive. And his balance grows even more solid.

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Does he move more cleanly?

>> Yes, he moves more cleanly. Do his pushes become weaker or more decisive? His pushes become more decisive. What happens to his balance? His balance grows even more solid. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Despite illegal moves against him, he keeps his head and match after match he keeps winning. >> [cheering]

>> By the end, in spite of a hall that was cheering for someone else, he has won the world title.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Does he keep meaning despite illegal moves?

>> Yes. Despite illegal moves against him, he keeps winning. Does he lose his head or keep his head?

He keeps his head. Match after match. What has he won in spite of the hall?

In spite of a hall that was cheering for someone else, he has won the world title. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Years later, in the art of learning, he described that tournament as a test of the mind even more than the body.

The injustice never disappeared. What changed the result was the way he chose to respond to it.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did the injustice disappear?

No. The injustice never disappeared. Was the tournament a test of the body or of the mind?

It was a test of the mind even more than the body. What changed the result?

What changed the result was the way he chose to respond. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> His chess years had taught him that a player who panics gives the game away.

Staying calm did not mean accepting injustice. It meant staying strong enough to win despite it.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. Does a player who panics give the game away?

Yes. A player who panics gives the game away. Did he win because of the conditions or despite them? He stayed strong enough to win despite them. What did staying calm not mean?

Staying calm did not mean accepting injustice. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. Your English exam may feel unfair too. The recording is unclear. The examiner seems cold or the room is noisy.

Despite all that, you choose where your energy goes. into anger at the conditions or into the very next answer.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Is the recording in your exam always clear?

No. Sometimes the recording is unclear. Does your energy go into anger or into the next answer?

Despite all that, you choose where your energy goes. What may make your exam [snorts] feel unfair.

The recording is unclear. The examiner seems cold or the room is noisy. Now this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> The unfair moment does not give the game away. It is part of the exam. The part that measures your calm.

Next time something goes wrong in a test, take one slow breath and give the next question one solid, decisive answer. Here's

the last questions. I want you to give them everything you've got. >> Does the unfair moment give the game away?

No, the unfair moment does not give the game away. Should your next answer be weak or solid?

Give the next question one solid, decisive answer. What should you take when something goes wrong? Take one slow breath.

The grammar we practice today. Despite, in spite of, whereas an angry fighter makes careless mistakes, whereas a fighter without hope stops looking for chances. Despite illegal moves against him, he keeps his head and match after match he keeps winning. By the end, in spite of a hall that was cheering for someone else, he has won

the world title. It meant staying strong enough to win despite it.

Congratulations. You practiced 466 words in this story and you learned a lot. Okay.

So if you think about it, you're learning very key lessons that are going to improve your your your whole mindset. That's amazing.

>> [laughter] >> Uh, I want you to listen to what happened. Uh, let's go.

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Fore.

Awesome.

If it's something amazing, it's something totally crazy.

hard things about hard things. Um,

Wow, that's amazing. Let's get started with the story, The Part Worth Saving. >> The Part Worth Saving from the book The Hard Thing About Hard Things by Ben Hollowitz. Deepen, depend on, spread, go broke, shut down, cut costs, [clears throat] builder, cut off, salvage, raise money. No new customers. Old customers going broke.

A share price of 35.

That was the picture for LoudCloud, a young company that ran websites for other businesses. As the do crash deepened,

no one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Were old customers going broke?

Yes, old customers were going broke. Was the share price $35 or 35?

The share price was 35. What deepened? The do crash deepened. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Only a year earlier, it had raised money on the stock market. Now the crash was eating its customers alive.

Every few weeks another client shut down or stopped paying. The losses were so frequent that the trouble deepened every month.

Okay, questions time. Had the company raised money a year earlier?

Yes. Only a year earlier it had raised money on the stock market. Were the losses rare or so frequent that the trouble deepened?

The losses were so frequent that the trouble deepened every month. What did clients do every few weeks?

Another client shut down or stopped paying. Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Its leader, Ben Horowitz, had helped build the company from nothing, and hundreds of people depended on his next move.

There was one bright spot to run all those websites. His engineers had written their own software to automate the work.

>> Now test yourself. >> Did hundreds of people depend on his next move?

Yes. Hundreds of people depended on his next move. Did his engineers buy software or write their own?

His engineers had written their own software. What did the software do?

The software automated the work of running all those websites. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> It was powerful. Yet it was so hidden inside the service business that no customer ever saw it.

Now imagine you are in his seat. The main business is dying. Nobody will help you raise money. And investors have lost faith.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did customers ever see the software?

No, it was so hidden inside the service business that no customer ever saw it. Will investors help you raise money or have they lost faith?

Nobody will help you raise money and investors have lost faith. Where was the software hidden? It was hidden inside the service business. >> Now back to the story. You could cut costs and hope the storm passes or sell the whole company for whatever someone offers.

Or you could do something that feels like cutting off your own arm. Which would you choose?

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions. Could you cut costs and hope the storm passes?

Yes, you could cut costs and hope the storm passes. Does the third option feel easy or like cutting off your own arm? It feels like cutting off your own arm. What else could you sell?

You could sell the whole company for whatever someone offers. >> Okay, now listening mode. He chose the painful third option because cutting costs alone could not salvage anything.

He would sell the service business, the very thing Loud Cloud had been built to do.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Could cutting costs alone salvage the company?

No. Cutting costs alone could not salvage anything. Did he sell the software or the service business? He sold the service business. Which option did he choose? He chose the painful third option. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> In the summer of 2002, the services giant EDS agreed to buy it for $63.5

million.

Nothing would simply shut down. Many employees and almost all the customers would move to the buyer.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Did the service business shut down? >> No. Nothing would simply shut down. Did EDS agree to buy it in 2002 or 2012?

EDS agreed to buy it in the summer of 2002. Where would the customers go?

Almost all the customers would move to the buyer. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> What remained looked small. The software, a group of engineers, and a new name. Opswear.

The deal was such a shock that people thought he had given the company away. In a sense, he had

what stayed in your mind. Let's go. Did what remained look big?

No. What remained looked small. Was the deal a small surprise or a big shock?

The deal was such a shock that people thought he had given the company away. What was the new name? The new name was Opswear. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. He had kept the one part that could still win. Opswear sold its software to companies running huge computer systems.

The road was so hard that for years the new company fought for every customer and could still go broke.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. Could the new company still go broke?

Yes. For years it could still go broke. Was the road easy or hard?

The road was so hard that the new company fought for every customer. Who did Opswear sell its software too?

Opswear sold its software to companies running huge computer systems. All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Then in 2007, Shullet Packard bought Opswear for about $1.6 billion.

The piece he had salvaged proved so valuable that it was worth far more than the business he sold.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Did Huelet Packard buy opswear?

>> Yes. Hulet Packard bought Opswear in 2007. Was the piece he salvaged worth more or less than the business he sold?

The piece he had salvaged proved so valuable that it was worth far more. How much did Hulet Packard pay?

It paid about $1.6 billion. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Sometimes you must sell most of what you built to save the part that can win.

It is one of the hardest calls a builder can make because every part of the company once felt like the future.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. Is this an easy call for a builder?

No. It is one of the hardest calls a builder can make. Must you sometimes sell most or keep everything?

Sometimes you must sell most of what you built to save the part that can win. Why is it so hard?

Every part of the company once felt like the future. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> English can look the same. Apps, courses, and notebooks spread across your phone and desk all half used.

Keeping them all feels safe. In fact, it spreads your energy so thin that nothing grows.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. Are your apps and courses fully used?

No, they are spread across your phone and desk all half used. Does keeping them all feel safe or risky? Keeping them all feels safe. What happens when you keep them all?

It spreads your energy so thin that nothing grows. >> Now this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. Which single method has actually moved your English forward this year? That is the one you can depend on.

Keep that one and cut off the rest. A good builder protects the part that can win, even when it looks small.

>> One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. Should you keep every method?

No. Keep that one and cut off the rest. Should you depend on many methods or on one?

Keep the one method you can depend on. What does a good builder protect?

A good builder protects the part that can win.

The grammar we practice today, so that such that. The losses were so frequent that the trouble deepened every month. It was powerful, yet it was so hidden inside the service business that no customer ever saw it. The deal was such a shock that people thought he had given the company away. The road was so hard that for years the

new company fought for every customer and could still go broke.

Congratulations. You practiced 477 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Awesome. A full story in English. That's a huge huge achievement. Great job.

Let's jump into the story. The features nobody needed. >> The feature nobody needed from the book The Lean Startup by Eric Ree. Feature registration visible barely. Best practice control group entirely, group by group, metric. Certainly picture a chart. Every month the line goes up. More students, more signups, more hours spent studying online.

If this were your company, you would feel proud. The team had certainly worked hard.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Does the line on the chart go up?

Yes. Every month the line goes up. Had the team worked hard or lazily? The team had certainly worked hard. What goes up every month?

Students, signups, and hours spent [snorts] studying online all go up. >> Now, back to the story. The company was Grocket and its founder Farbud Nivei had spent years teaching students for big test prep companies.

He believed students learn best from each other. So Grocket let them prepare for their exams together online.

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Did Far Nivi teach students for test prep companies?

Yes, he had spent years teaching students for big test prep companies. Did he believe students learn best alone or from each other? He believes students learn best from each other. What did Grocket let students do?

Grockett let them prepare for their exams together online. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> His team built software the modern way, releasing new features every few weeks and listening closely to users.

By every visible sign, the product was improving. Yet what nobody could say was whether the new features were helping.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Did the team release new features every few weeks?

Yes, they released new features every few weeks. Was the product improving by visible signs or hidden signs?

By every visible sign, the product was improving. What could nobody say?

What nobody could say was whether the new features were helping. >> Nice one. Let's continue. So think for a moment. If a team keeps making its product better, what should happen to its customers?

The obvious answer is that each new group of customers should behave a little better than the one before.

>> Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. Should customers behave worse when a product gets better?

No. The obvious answer [clears throat] is that they should behave a little better. Should each new group behave better or worse than the one before?

Each new group should behave a little better than the one before. What does the narrator ask you to do? He asks you to think for a moment. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> When the team finally looked at their customers group by group, that is not what they found.

[sighs and gasps]

The total had grown only because more people kept arriving. The metric that mattered, the share of new users who stayed had barely moved.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Did the team look at their customers group by group?

Yes, they finally looked at their customers group by group. Had the metric that mattered moved a lot or barely moved. The metric that mattered had barely moved. Why had the total grown?

The total had grown only because more people kept arriving. >> Now stories calling us. Let's continue. One feature was a special source of pride. Lazy registration which had taken real effort to build

with lazy registration. Visitors could try the product first and register later. Once they liked it, it seemed entirely sensible.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Was lazy registration a special source of pride?

Yes, lazy registration was a special source of pride. With lazy registration, did visitors register first or try the product first? They could try the product first and register later. How did lazy registration seem? [snorts] It seemed entirely sensible. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Everyone called it a best practice.

So nobody at Grockett had questioned it.

Then they ran a simple experiment. One group of new visitors, the control group, was allowed to try the product first, as usual.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Did anyone at Grockit question the best practice?

No. Nobody at Grocket had questioned it. Did the control group try the product first or register first?

The control group was allowed to try the product first as usual. What did everyone call it? Everyone called it a best practice. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> A second group had to register immediately after seeing only the company's marketing pages.

If the feature mattered, the first group having used the product should certainly have done far better.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's simply do it. >> Did the second group see the product before registering?

No, they saw only the company's marketing pages. Should the first group have done better or worse? The first group should certainly have done far better. What did the second group have to do? A second group had to register immediately. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. The results came back and the two groups

had behaved in exactly the same way.

They signed up at the same rate, became active at the same rate, and came back at the same rate.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Did the two groups behave differently?

No. The two groups behaved in exactly the same way. Did they sign up at the same rate or a different rate? They signed up at the same rate. What else happened at the same rate?

They became active and came back at the same rate. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Students were deciding about Grockett based on something else entirely. What the team had celebrated was wasted work.

From then on, they studied users group by group and tested each new feature against a control group.

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. Was the celebrated feature useful?

No. What the team had celebrated was wasted work. Did students decide based on the feature or on something else entirely?

Students were deciding based on something else entirely. How did they study users from then on?

They studied users group by group. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> That became their best practice and they learned quickly what truly helped

in the lean startup. Eric Ree uses Grockett to make an uncomfortable point. Effort that feels productive can change nothing.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. Did they learn quickly what truly helped?

Yes, they learned quickly what truly helped. Can effort that feels productive change everything or change nothing?

Effort that feels productive can change nothing. What became their best practice?

Testing each feature against a control group became their best practice. Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> So measure what really changes, not what looks busy. Even when busy feels good.

Your English has a chart too with a metric for everything. Hours studied, apps opened, words saved, days in a row.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. Should you measure what looks busy?

No. Measure what really changes, not what looks busy. Does your English chart have one metric or a metric for everything? It has a metric for everything. What does your chart count?

Your chart counts hours studied, apps opened, words saved, and days in a row. Now this is the last part. Let's bring it home. >> Those visible numbers can rise for months while your real ability barely moves.

So at the end of this week, don't ask how much you studied. Ask what you can do now that you could not do before.

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. >> Can visible numbers rise while your ability barely moves?

Yes, visible numbers can rise while your real ability barely moves. Should you ask how much you studied or what you can do now? Ask what you can do now that you could not do before. When should you ask this question? Ask it at the end of this week.

The grammar we practice today, noun clauses. Yet, what nobody could say was whether the new features were helping. The obvious answer is that each new group of customers should behave a little better than the one before. When the team finally looked at their customers group by group, that is not what they found.

What the team had celebrated was wasted work.

Congratulations. You practice 468 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's awesome. Congratulations and let's keep going. Thinking fast and slow. And now let's jump into the story. Praise or shout. >> Praise or shout from the book Thinking Fast and Slow by Daniel Carneaman. Cadet, instructor, punish, trend, regression to the mean,

return to observation, coincidence, misleading, random. A quiet classroom in Israel. Experienced flight instructors sat listening to a young psychologist from the university.

His name was Daniel Carneaman and he later described this lesson in his book Thinking Fast and Slow.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Were the flight instructors listening to a young psychologist?

Yes. Experienced flight instructor sat listening to a young psychologist. Was the classroom in Israel or in America?

It was in Israel. It was a quiet classroom in Israel. who later described this lesson in a book.

Daniel Carnean later described this lesson in his book Thinking Fast and Slow. >> Okay, now listening mode. He was teaching them how to train pilots better, sharing an important finding from research.

Rewarding good performance, he explained, works better than punishing mistakes.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Did Caraman say that punishing mistakes works better?

No. He said rewarding good performance works better than punishing mistakes. Was he teaching them to train pilots or to fly planes?

He was teaching them how to train pilots better. What works better than punishing mistakes?

Rewarding good performance works better than punishing mistakes. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Then one of the most experienced instructors disagreed with evidence from years of his own work.

Whenever he praised a cadet for a perfect move, he said the cadet usually did worse the next time.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Did one experienced instructor disagree?

Yes. One of the most experienced instructors disagreed. Whenever he praised a cadet, did the cadet do better or worse?

Whenever he praised a cadet, the cadet usually did worse the next time. What evidence did the instructor have? He had evidence from years of his own work. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Whenever he shouted at a cadet for a bad move, the cadet usually did better on the next attempt.

So in his view, praise made pilots worse and shouting made them better.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Did the instructor think shouting made pilots worse?

No. In his view, shouting made them better. In his view, did praise make pilots better or worse? In his view, praise made pilots worse. When did the cadet usually do better?

Whenever he shouted at a cadet for a bad move, the cadet usually did better. Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next part. >> He had watched this happen again and again for years. Would you argue with a man like that?

If you had been there, you might have decided that instructors who punish mistakes are simply better teachers.

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Would the instructor be easy to argue with?

>> No, he had watched this happen again and again for years. Did he see this happen again and again or just a few times?

He watched this happen again and again for years. What might you have decided if you had been there?

You might have decided that instructors who punish mistakes are simply better teachers. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Caraman saw something that nobody else had noticed. The instructor's observation was correct. His explanation was wrong.

Every pilot has good days and bad days. A brilliant move is often partly random luck and so is a terrible one.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Was the instructor's observation correct?

Yes, the instructor's observation was correct. His explanation was wrong. Was his explanation right or wrong? His explanation was wrong. What is a brilliant move often partly made of

a brilliant move is often partly random luck and so is a terrible one. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. After an unusually good attempt, the next one will probably be closer to normal, so it looks worse. Whatever the teacher says.

After an unusually bad one, the next will probably look better. However loudly the instructor shouts.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> After an unusually good attempt, will the next one probably look worse?

Yes, it will probably be closer to normal so it looks worse. Whatever the teacher says. After a bad attempt, will the next look better or worse?

The next will probably look better, however loudly the instructor shouts. Why does the next attempt look worse? Whatever the teacher says,

because after an unusually good attempt, the next one will probably be closer to normal. >> That was amazing. Now let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Statisticians call this regression to the mean. The cadets were not reacting to praise or shouting. They were returning to their usual level.

To prove it, Carnean set up a quick test. Each instructor threw two coins at a target behind his back without looking.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Were the cadets reacting to the shouting?

>> No. The cadets were not reacting to praise. or shouting. Were the cadetses returning to their usual level or getting better? They were returning to their usual level. What do statisticians call this?

Statisticians call this regression to the mean. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Those who had landed closest the first time mostly did worse the second time. Those who had done worst mostly improved.

Nobody had been praised and nobody had been shouted at. Random luck alone had created the [gasps] pattern.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Did those who landed closest the first time mostly improve?

No, those who had landed closest the first time mostly did worse the second time. Did praise or random luck create the pattern? Random luck alone had created the pattern. Who had been shouted at in the test?

Nobody had been shouted at and nobody had been praised. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> The instructor was not foolish. His observation was real, but the pattern behind it was misleading.

A pattern seen a few times can feel like a law, even when it is only coincidence. Luck returning to normal.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Was the instructor foolish?

No, the instructor was not foolish. His observation was real. Was the pattern behind it true or misleading? The pattern behind it was misleading. What can a pattern seen a few times feel like?

It can feel like a law even when it is only coincidence. Luck returning to normal. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> This happens in English practice, too. You get a great score on one practice test and the next score drops.

You decide that the new method you started is making you worse. So you drop it after a week.

>> Did that make sense? Now let's check. After a great score on one practice test, does the next score drop?

Yes. You get a great score on one practice test and the next score drops. Do you keep the new method or drop it? You drop it after a week. What do you decide the new method is doing?

You decide that the new method you started is making you worse. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. or a better speaking day follows a terrible one and you credit whatever you did that morning. [clears throat] It may be pure coincidence.

One score is not a trend. Regression to the mean makes any single result misleading, however exciting it feels.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Is one score a trend?

No, one score is not a trend. Do you credit whatever you did that morning or luck?

You credit whatever you did that morning. It may be pure coincidence. What makes any single result misleading

regression to the mean makes any single result misleading however exciting it feels. >> Now this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. A real trend only shows itself across many attempts taken on ordinary days.

So don't ask whether today was better than yesterday. Ask whether this month was better than last month. [clears throat] Awesome.

This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> Does a real trend show itself in one attempt?

No, a real trend only shows itself across many attempts taken on ordinary days. Should you compare today with yesterday or this month with last month?

Ask whether this month was better than [gasps] last month. When does a real trend show itself?

A real trend shows itself across many attempts taken on ordinary days.

The grammar we practice today, ever words. Whenever he praised a cadet for a perfect move, he said, the cadet usually did worse the next time. Whenever he shouted at a cadet for a bad move, the cadet usually did better on the next attempt. After an unusually good attempt, the next one will probably be closer to

normal, so it looks worse, whatever the teacher says. After an unusually bad one, the next will probably look better. However loudly the instructor shouts,

"Congratulations, you practiced 471 words in this story and you learned a lot." Well done. And here's the thing. You are constantly learning something new. You're learning how to think in an ambitious way.

And that's amazing. The power of habit.

And now let's jump into the story when the pressure comes. >> When the pressure comes from the book The Power of Habit by Charles Duhig. Q fall back on grieve. Tragedy instantly. Defense. Wobble. Smoothly. Playoff. Come back from 1896. Tampa, Florida. A quiet new coach takes over one of the weakest teams in American football.

Tony Dunie has an unusual idea. He does not want his players to learn more. He wants them to think less.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Does the new coach take over a strong team?

No. He takes over one of the weakest teams in American football. Does Dunie want his players to learn more or think less? He wants them to think less. Where does the new coach take over a team? He takes over a team in Tampa, Florida. >> Now, back to the story. >> His plan is to drill a few plays until

every reaction becomes automatic, as natural as a habit.

The players stop trying to read the whole field. They watch for a few cues and their bodies respond instantly.

Now test yourself. Do the players watch for a few cues?

Yes. They watch for a few cues and their bodies respond instantly. Do their bodies respond slowly or instantly? Their bodies respond instantly. What is his plan? His plan is to drill a few plays until every reaction becomes automatic. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story.

>> It works. The team everyone laughed at starts winning and soon it has one of the toughest defenses in the league.

1999 the team is one game away from the Super Bowl. The biggest match of the year. [cheering]

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Does the team keep losing?

No. The team everyone laughed at starts winning. Is its defense one of the weakest or one of the toughest? Soon it has one of the toughest defenses in the league. How far is the team from the Super Bowl in 1999?

The team is one game away from the Super Bowl. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> In the biggest moments, the players stop trusting the new habits. They hesitate and fall back on old ways.

Under pressure, the routines break. The team loses big playoff games again and again. And early in 2002, the coach is fired.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Do the players trust the new habits in the biggest moments?

No. They hesitate and fall back on old ways. Does the team win or lose big playoff games?

The team loses big playoff games again and again. What happens to the coach early in 2002?

Early in 2002, the coach is fired. Okay, now listening mode. >> So the goal changes. >> Drills are not enough. His players need something to hold on to or they will fall back on old ways.

Soon he is leading the Indianapolis Colts with the same system. The team wins and then fails in the playoffs again.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Are drills enough? No, >> drills are not enough. Do his players need more drills or something to hold on to? His players need something to hold on to. Where do the Colts fail again? The team fails in the playoffs again. Now story is calling us. Let's continue.

>> Late 2005, tragedy reaches the coach's own family. His oldest son dies and the whole team feels the [clears throat] shock.

He comes back to work after the funeral, still grieving, and speaks openly about the faith that holds him up.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Does tragedy reach the coach's own family?

Yes. His oldest son dies and the whole team feels the shock. Does he stay away or come back to work after the funeral? He comes back to work after the funeral, still grieving. What does he speak openly about? He speaks openly about the faith that holds him up. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed

it right. Let's go to the next part of the [clears throat] story. >> Something shifts among the players. Maybe it is the sight of a grieving man carrying a tragedy so calmly.

They begin to believe in him and in each other in a way that drills alone never produced

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did drills alone produce this belief?

No. Drills alone never produced this kind of belief. Do the players begin to doubt him or believe in him?

They begin to believe in him and in each other. What do the players see in the coach?

They see a grieving man carrying a tragedy so calmly. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> 2007, the Colts come back from far behind to win their semifinal and soon after they win the Super Bowl. >> [applause]

>> This time the habits hold. At the highest pressure, the defense reads every cue instantly and the players trust each other.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Do the Colts come back from far behind?

Yes, the Colts come back from far behind to win their semifinal. Does the defense read every cue instantly or slowly? The defense reads every cue instantly. What do they win soon after?

Soon after they win the Super Bowl. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> What counted was not a new play. It was what the players felt about each other.

Drill until the move is automatic and belief will hold it under pressure. Either one alone tends to break.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Was a new play What counted?

No, what counted was not a new play. Did a new play count or what the players felt about each other.

What counted was what the players felt about each other. What will hold the move under pressure? belief will hold it under pressure. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> You may know this feeling. At home, you speak smoothly. Then in the exam room, your drilled phrases disappear.

Your heart races and old mistakes you fixed months ago suddenly return.

Okay. Speaking time. Speak your mind. >> At home, do you speak smoothly? >> Yes. At home, you speak smoothly. In the exam room, do your phrases stay or disappear?

In the exam room, your drilled phrases disappear. What suddenly returns?

Old mistakes you fixed months ago suddenly return. >> That was amazing. Now let's continue and enjoy the story. >> That does not mean the practice failed. It means the habit still needs belief around it.

In the power of habit, Charles Doohig argues that such belief grows most easily in a group.

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Does this mean the practice failed?

No, it does not mean the practice failed. Does the habit need more drills or belief around it? The habit still needs belief around it. Where does belief grow most easily? Belief grows most easily in a group. Now this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. That is why a study partner or small

group matters. With others watching, you slowly learn to put up with pressure.

And if your English wobbles on the big day, do not panic. A wobble is normal and it can be trained.

You can come back from a shaky first answer and still finish smoothly.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. If your English wobbles, should you panic?

No, do not panic. A wobble is normal and it can be trained. Can you come back from a shaky answer or is it over?

You can come back from a shaky first answer and still finish smoothly. What do you slowly learn to put up with?

With others watching, you slowly learn to put up with pressure.

The grammar we practice today. Three-part phrasal verbs. They hesitate and fall back on old ways. His players need something to hold on to or they will fall back on old ways. He comes back to work after the funeral, still grieving, and speaks openly about the faith that holds him up. The Colts come back from far behind to

win their semi-final. And soon after they win the Super Bowl.

Congratulations. You practiced 472 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's amazing. If you notice something,

and you're doing it at the same time. That's such a great accomplishment. So, let me stop you here for a second. People who have

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Let's jump into the story. Five lines on paper. Five lines on paper from the book The Checklist Manifesto by Atul Gowandi. Infection sterile germ prevent specialist authority intensive care. troubled calculate glove. A critical care specialist at John's Hopkins Hospital was troubled by a problem most colleagues had accepted. His

name was Peter Pronovast and he worked in intensive care with the hospital's sickest patients.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Was the specialist troubled by a problem?

Yes, he was troubled by a problem most colleagues had accepted. Did he work in intensive care or in a school?

He worked in intensive care with the hospital's sickest patients. Who did he work with? He worked with the hospital's sickest patients. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. Many of them need a central line, a thin tube placed into a large vein to deliver medicine.

The tube saves lives, yet it can also let germs into the blood and those infections can be deadly. Hey,

>> every sentence. Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Can the tube let germs into the blood?

Yes, it can also let germs into the blood. Are those infections harmless or deadly? Those infections can be deadly. What is a central line?

A central line is a thin tube placed into a large vein to deliver medicine. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Every hospital knew this and treated these infections as a sad but normal part of intensive care.

So, what would you do if you were asked to stop them?

Now, the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Did every hospital know about these infections? Yes, every hospital knew this. Did hospitals treat these infections as normal or as shocking?

They treated these infections as a sad but normal part of intensive care. What question does the story ask you here?

What would you do if you were asked to stop them? >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> Most people would suggest something big. New equipment, more training, a new medicine, or more specialists.

Pronovast did something that looked almost too simple. He took a sheet of paper and wrote down five steps.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. Would most people suggest something small?

No. Most people would suggest something big like more specialists. Did Pronover buy new equipment or write down five steps?

He took a sheet of paper and wrote down five steps. How did his idea look? It looked almost too simple. >> Now back to the story. Wash your hands with soap. Clean the patient's skin with antiseptic to kill germs. Cover the whole patient with sterile sheets.

Wear a mask. a hat, a sterile gown, and gloves. Put a sterile dressing over the site once the line is in.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Do the steps cover the whole patient with sterile sheets?

>> Yes. Cover the whole patient with sterile sheets. Do the doctors wear gloves or rings?

They wear a mask, a hat, a sterile gown, and gloves. [clears throat] Why do they clean the patient's skin with antiseptic?

They clean the patient's skin with antiseptic to kill germs. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Every doctor already knew these steps from medical school, and nobody thought they were difficult.

Still, he asked the nurses to watch the doctors for a month and to record each step from handwashing to gloves.

Okay, questions time. >> Did every doctor already know these steps?

Yes. Every doctor already knew these steps from medical school. Did the nurses watch the doctors for a day or for a month?

The nurses watched the doctors for a month. What did the nurses record?

They recorded each step from handwashing to gloves. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> The results troubled him. With more than a third of patients, at least one step had been skipped.

Then came the strange request. Pronovst asked the hospital to let nurses stop any doctor who missed a step.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Did the results please him? No, the results troubled him. Was a step skipped for a few patients or more than a third?

With more than a third of patients, at least one step had been skipped. What was the strange request?

Pronovost asked the hospital to let nurses stop any doctor who missed a step. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. That was a big thing to ask. Nurses did not usually have the authority to correct doctors.

The hospital's leaders agreed. From then on, if a step was skipped, every nurse had the authority to step in.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did nurses usually have the authority to correct doctors?

No, nurses did not usually have the authority to correct doctors. Did the hospital's leaders agree or refuse? The hospital's leaders agreed. Who had the authority to step in? >> Every nurse had the authority to step in. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of

the story. >> The change was dramatic when the team calculated the infection rate in that unit. It had fallen from 11% to zero.

The team later calculated that the checklist had prevented dozens of infections and several deaths.

>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did the infection rate go up?

No, it had fallen from 11% to zero. Did the checklist cause infections or prevent them? The checklist had prevented dozens of infections. What did the team later calculate?

The team calculated that the checklist had prevented dozens of infections and several deaths. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. The same idea was later tried across Michigan and infections fell sharply there too.

The doctors had never lacked knowledge. What they lacked was a simple way to do what they knew every single time.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Did the doctors lack knowledge?

No. The doctors had never lacked knowledge. Did infections in Michigan fall or rise? Infections fell sharply there, too. What did the doctors lack?

They lacked a simple way to do what they knew every single time. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Simple steps followed every single time save lives. In a smaller way, they save a learner's progress, too.

Most English learners already know what to do. Review new words. Listen daily. Check grammar before sending.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Do simple steps save lives only sometimes.

No. Simple steps followed every single time save lives. Do most learners already know what to do or not? Most English learners already know what to do. What do simple steps save for a learner? They save a learner's progress, too. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story.

>> Like those doctors, we skip a step when we are tired or busy or sure we will remember.

So write your own short checklist to prevent the same mistakes and keep it where you study.

That's amazing. Now we want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Do we skip a step when we are tired?

Yes, we skip a step when we are tired or busy. Should your checklist be long or short? Write your own short checklist. Why should you write your own checklist?

You write your own checklist to prevent the same mistakes. >> And now the big finish. Better still, find your own nurse. A friend allowed to stop you when you skip a step.

And keep one rule in mind. The step you are shalest you know is the one you are most likely to skip.

>> One final question bro you've done the whole thing now let's do the final one. Should your nurse be a friend allowed to stop you?

Yes. Find a friend allowed to stop you when you skip a step. Are you most likely to skip the step you know best or least?

The step you are shest you know is the one you are most likely to skip. When should your friend stop you? Your friend should stop you when you skip a step.

The grammar we practice today, each, every, all, whole. Every hospital knew this and treated these infections as a sad but normal part of intensive care. Cover the whole patient with sterile sheets. Every doctor already knew these steps from medical school and nobody thought they were difficult. Still, he asked the nurses to watch the

doctors for a month and to record each step from handwashing to gloves.

Congratulations. You practiced 469 words in this story. And you learned a lot >> honestly. Well done. And uh this is the important thing. You you're you're improving your English. You're improving your mindset and that's going to make you a undestroyable man or or like undestroyable guy. So that's amazing. [laughter] Hard things about hard things.

Um,

wow, that's amazing. Let's jump into the story. Every vote was no. Every vote was no from the book The Hard Thing About Hard Things by Ben Horowitz. Charming competitor reference on paper speak highly of go against in person. Track record. Overlook instinct. No. No. No. Around the table, the executives gave the same answer

about the same candidate.

The company was Opswear, a software business in Silicon Valley, and its leader, Ben Horowitz, needed someone to run sales.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Did the executives give different answers?

No, they gave the same answer about the same candidate. Did Hollowits need someone to run sales or to write software? He needed someone to run sales. What was the company called?

The company was Opswear, a software business in Silicon Valley. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. The company was fighting to survive and it needed a strong sales machine.

One candidate was Mark Cranny. On paper and in person, he seemed to be the wrong man for the job.

speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Was the company fighting to survive?

Yes. The company was fighting to survive. On paper, did Cranny seem the right man or the wrong man?

On paper and in person, he seemed to be the wrong man for the job. What did the company need? It needed a strong sales machine. >> Now back to the story. >> He did not look like a Silicon Valley sales star. He was not tall, not smooth, and not especially charming.

He had studied at a small university in Utah that most of the room had never heard of.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. Was Cranny especially charming?

No, he was not tall, [laughter] not smooth, and not especially charming. Did he study at a famous university or a small one? He had studied at a small university in Utah. What did he not look like? He did not look like a Silicon Valley sales star. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.

He also made a poor first impression on some of them. Their instinct said no, and they could not quite explain why.

If you had sat at that table, you might have voted no as well. Most of us would.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Did he make a good first impression?

>> No. He made a poor first impression on some of them. Did their instinct say yes or no? Their instinct said no. What might you have done at that table? You might have voted no as well. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> We judge people quickly by what is missing. The polish,

the famous school, the charming style.

Holitz refused to overlook him. He took the time to ask what Cranny could actually do, not what he lacked.

As Hollowit spent more time with him in person, the picture changed.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Did Horovitz overlook him?

>> No. Horovitz refused to overlook him. Did he ask what Cranny lacked or what he could do?

He took the time to ask what Cranny could actually do. How do we usually judge people?

We judge people quickly by what is missing like the charming style. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> He arrived with a sales process so carefully worked out that his written guide was as thick as a textbook.

He understood the competitors, the customers, and exactly where the company's own sales were breaking down.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Did Cranny understand the competitors?

Yes, he understood the competitors, the customers, and where the sales were breaking down. Was his written guide thin or as thick as a textbook? His written guide was as thick as a textbook. What did he arrive with?

He arrived with a sales process so carefully worked out. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. He offered a long list of references. They called back quickly, spoke highly of him, and described a strong track record.

His style was unusual. His skill at building a sales team, Horowitz judged, was the best available.

>> All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. Did his references speak highly of him?

Yes, they called back quickly and spoke highly of him. Did they describe a weak or a strong track record? They described a strong track record. How good was his skill at building a sales team?

Holitz judged it was the best available. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. So the chief executive made a hard decision. He went against his own team and hired Cranny anyway.

He had taken a real risk and for a while it made the meetings tense.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did the chief executive make an easy decision? No, he made a hard decision. Did he follow his team or go against it?

He went against his own team and hired Cranny. Anyway, what had he taken? He had taken a real risk. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Then the results arrived. Under Cranny, Opswear's sales grew many times over, and the people he hired tended to stay.

That sales machine carried the company through its hardest years against strong competitors. until a larger company bought it.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Did the people he hired tend to leave?

No, the people he hired tended to stay. Did sales grow a little or many times over. Under Cranny, sales grew many times over. Against whom did the sales machine carry the company?

It carried the company through its hardest years against strong competitors. >> That was amazing. Now let's continue and enjoy the story. Horowitz tells this story in the hard thing about hard things. His rule can go against every instinct. Hire for strength, not for lack of weakness.

A candidate with no obvious weaknesses often has no great strengths either. A worldclass strength can look strange at first and easy to overlook. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. >> Can his rule go against every instinct?

>> Yes, his rule can go against every instinct. Should you hire for strength or for lack of weakness?

Higher for strength, not for lack of weakness. How can a worldclass strength look at first? It can look strange at first and easy to overlook. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> The same trap waits in your learning. You may choose a teacher or a method by how smooth it looks.

Or you judge yourself that way, counting only your weaknesses, the accent, the slow reading, the small mistakes you make.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Does the same trap wait in your learning?

>> Yes. The same trap waits in your learning. Do you count your strengths or only your weaknesses? You count only your weaknesses. Which weaknesses do you count?

You count the accent, the slow reading, and the small mistakes you make. >> Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. >> So, ask yourself a different question tonight. If your teachers were your references, what would they speak highly of?

Look at your real track record, not just your weaknesses on paper. What one strength could you build on?

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Should you look only at your weaknesses on paper?

No. Look at your real track record, not just your weaknesses on paper. Should you ask yourself this question tonight or next year? Ask yourself a different question tonight. What would your teachers speak highly of?

If your teachers were your references, they would speak highly of your real strength.

The grammar we practice today make, do, take, have, collocations. He also made a poor first impression on some of them. He took the time to ask what Cranny could actually do, not what he lacked. So, the chief executive made a hard decision. He had taken a real risk and for a while it made the meetings tense.

Congratulations. You practiced 470 words in this story and you learned a lot. See, that wasn't hard.

This is amazing. Let's keep it up. How the mighty fall.

You really really want to kind of

you want to read this And now let's jump into the story at The Last Car Radio. >> The Last Car Radio from the book How the Mighty Fall by Jim Collins. Visionary. Hubris. Guarantee. Slice. Rush into timing. Production line. Analog enormously complacent. In December 1983, the last car radio that Motorola made in

America came off the production line.

It was not sold. It went straight into the hands of the company's chairman, Robert Calvin.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly [clears throat] in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Was the last car radio sold?

No, it was not sold. It went straight to the chairman, Robert Galvin. Did it come off the production line in America or in Asia? It came off the production line in America. When did the last car radio come off the production line?

It came off the production line in December 1983. Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> Car radios had built Motorola. He kept this one from the production line as a reminder to keep moving on.

That habit ran deep. In its early years, the business had nearly died, and its people never forgot.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. Did the business nearly die in its early years.

Yes. In its early years, the business had nearly died. Did he keep the radio as a trophy or as a reminder?

He kept it as a reminder to keep moving on. What had built Motorola? car radios had built Motorola. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Past success they believed guaranteed nothing. So Motorola kept reinventing itself from radios to computer chips to mobile phones.

In a survey of chief executives, it was named one of the most visionary companies in the world.

All right, time to prove you're focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Did they believe past success guaranteed anything?

No. Past success, they believed, guaranteed nothing. Was Motorola named ordinary or visionary?

It was named one of the most visionary companies in the world. How did Motorola keep changing?

It kept reinventing itself from radios to computer chips to mobile phones. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Then came the best decade in its history. Its yearly sales grew enormously, and the bigger they grew, the shorer its leaders felt.

Its phones led the world, and it was enormously proud of them. At one point, almost half of all phones sold were Motoras.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Did its yearly sales grow enormously?

Yes, its sales grew enormously, and the bigger they grew, the shorer its leaders felt. Was the company worried about its phones or enormously proud of them? It was enormously proud of them. How many of all phones sold were Motorrollers.

At one point, almost half of all phones sold were Motorers. Nice one. Let's continue. >> Success on that scale is wonderful and dangerous even for a visionary company because it quietly changes how people think.

The more Motorola won, the more complacent it became. Its old humility gave way to a belief that it simply knew best.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Is success on that scale dangerous?

Yes, it is dangerous even for a visionary company. The more Motorola won, did it become more careful or more complacent?

The more Motorola won, the more complacent it became. What did its old humility give way to?

It gave way to a belief that it simply knew best. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Then it launched the Star Tac, a beautiful little phone built on older analog technology.

The problem was timing. The phone networks that bought handsets were moving to digital and they were asking for digital phones.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. Was the Star Trek built on digital technology? [clears throat] No, it was built on older analog technology. Were the networks asking for analog or digital phones? They were asking for digital phones. What was the problem? The problem was timing. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's

keep it up and jump into the story. >> One senior leader heard the warnings and made his choice. He waved them away. 43 million analog customers can't be wrong.

They could be wrong and they were. Customers followed the networks and rivals with better timing rushed into the space his choice left open.

Did that make sense? Now let's check. Did the senior leader listen to the warnings?

No, he heard the warnings and waved them away. Did rivals move slowly or rush into the space?

Rivals with better timing rushed into the space. His choice left open. Who did customers follow? Customers followed the networks. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Within a few years, Motorola's share of the market had fallen to 17%. Read that number again. 17

from nearly half the market. to a small slice of it. Painful job cut soon followed.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Did Motorola's share fall to 17%.

Yes, its share of the market had fallen to 17%. Did Motorola keep half the market or only a small slice?

From nearly half the market, it fell to a small slice of it. What soon followed? Painful job cuts soon followed. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. Jim Collins studies this fall in How the Mighty Fall and he gives its first stage a name. Hubris born of success.

Huberis is the old Greek word for pride so great that it brings down the hero.

>> Okay, questions time. >> Is hubris an old Greek word?

Yes, hubris is the old Greek word for pride so great that it brings down the hero. Does Collins call the first stage hubris or bad luck? He calls it hubris born of success. What does hubris bring down? It brings down the hero. >> Now back to the story. >> The irony is painful.

Galvin kept a radio to remember that no success is guaranteed to last. His successors forgot its lesson.

Success can make you blind to the next change. The better things go, the harder it becomes to hear a warning.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Is any success guaranteed to last?

No, no success is guaranteed to last. Did his successors remember or forget its lesson? His successors forgot its lesson. The better things go, what becomes harder.

The better things go, the harder it becomes to hear a warning. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> This happens to learners, too. A student who once scored well grows complacent, rushing into each new test with old methods.

The stronger your grammar feels, the less you may listen to real English. Maybe your reading is good. So you never practice speaking.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Can a student who once scored well grow complacent?

Yes. A student who once scored well grows complacent. Does the student rush into each test with new or old methods?

The student rushes into each new test with old methods. The stronger your grammar feels, what may happen.

The stronger your grammar feels, the less you may listen to real English. That's it. This is the last part of a story. Give it your best. >> The strength that got you here can quietly become the very thing that keeps you here.

So, what is your start attack? Which slice of past success are you trusting a little too much today?

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. >> Can your strength become the thing that keeps you here?

Yes. The strength that got you here can become the thing that keeps you here. Is the danger a past failure or a past success?

The danger is a slice of past success you trust too much. What question does the story leave you with?

It asks you what is your start.

The grammar we practice today, the more the more its yearly sales grew enormously, and the bigger they grew, the shorer its leaders felt. The more Motorola won, the more complacent it became. The better things go, the harder it becomes to hear a warning. The stronger your grammar feels, the less you may listen to real English.

Congratulations. You practiced 470 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Let's pause for a second. You finished another story and you learned a new lesson. You learned a new way of thinking. And that's amazing. Smarter, faster, better.

And then and it's inspired. And then we go.

It's going to happen to you. And now let's jump into the story, The Impossible Train. >> The Impossible Train from the book Smarter, Faster, Better by Charles Doohig. Reinvent. Daring. Tunnel. Sleek. Frighten. Inch forward. Bullet train. Railway. Kilometer. Light bulb. Early on an October morning in 1964, a sleek new train pulled out of Tokyo

and raced towards Osaka.

It was the first bullet train. At over 200 kilometers an hour, it left every other Japanese train behind.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. [clears throat] Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. Was the new train sleek?

>> Yes, a sleek new train pulled out of Tokyo. Did it race towards Osaka or towards the sea? It raced towards Osaka. How fast was the first bullet train? [sighs]

It went at over 200 km an hour. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Years earlier, the railways engineers had been given a goal that sounded impossible. Trains far faster than anything Japan had run. Picture

them at the start. By the time the new line opens, trains will be racing at speeds no Japanese railway has seen.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did the goal sound easy?

>> No. The goal sounded impossible. Will trains be racing on the old line or on the new line?

By the time the new line opens, trains will be racing on it. Who had been given the impossible goal? >> [clears throat] >> The railways engineers had been given the goal. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Small improvements will never get them

there. With a stronger engine on the old track, they will still be inching forward in 10 years.

So they rethought nearly everything. New and wider tracks, gentler curves, long tunnels, bridges, and completely new trains.

Now test yourself. >> Will small improvements get them there?

No, small improvements will never get them there. With the old track, will they be racing or inching forward?

They will still be inching forward in 10 years. What did they rethink?

They rethought nearly everything from tracks and tunnels to completely new trains. >> Nice one. Let's continue. The impossible goal forced them to stop repairing the old system and reinvent it.

Years later, this story reached Jack Welsh, the head of General Electric, one of America's largest companies.

Great speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. >> Did this story reach Jack Welch years later?

Yes. Years later, this story reached Jack Welch. Was Welch the head of General Electric or of the railway? He was the head of General Electric. What did the impossible goal force the engineers to do?

It forced them to stop repairing the old system [clears throat] and reinvent it. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> GE made everything from light bulbs to jet engines. And Welch believed his managers were thinking too small.

You might ask what a Japanese bullet train has to do with light bulbs. For Welch, it had everything to do with them.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did GE make light bulbs?

Yes. GE made everything from light bulbs to jet engines. Were his managers thinking too big or too small? Welch believed they were thinking too small. What did a bullet train have to do with light bulbs? For Welch, it had everything to do with them. >> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next

part. >> If a railway could reinvent travel, then surely his own teams could do more than inch forward each year.

So he made a bold bet. He asked teams across the company to set stretch goals, targets that seemed out of reach

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Could a railway reinvent travel?

>> Yes. If a railway could reinvent travel, his teams could do more than inch forward. Did he make a bold bet or a safe one? He made a bold bet. What did he ask teams to set?

He asked them to set stretch goals, targets that seemed out of reach. >> Now, back to the story. >> In Smarter, Faster, Better, Charles Doohig adds the half of this story that people often forget.

A stretch goal on its own can frighten people. Some freeze and some give up before they begin.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Can a stretch goal frighten people?

>> Yes, a stretch goal on its own can frighten people. Does Doohig add the famous half or the forgotten half?

He adds the half that people often forget. What do some frightened people do?

Some freeze and some give up before they begin. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> The teams that succeed tend to pair the big goal with small specific steps they can plan and measure.

The bullet train needed both a daring target. Then years of careful work on every tunnel and every kilometer of track.

Okay, questions time. >> Did the bullet train need only a daring target?

No, it needed a daring target and years of careful work. Do teams that succeed pair big goals with small steps or with more pressure?

They pair the big goal with small specific steps. Where did the years of careful work go?

They went into every tunnel and every kilometer of track. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> A goal that scares you forces new thinking and small steps are what make it real.

Now look at your own English goals. Most are too small to change how you study.

That's amazing. Now we want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Does a goal that scares you force new thinking?

Yes. A goal that scares you forces new thinking. Are most English goals too big or too small?

Most are too small to change how you study. What makes a big goal real? Small steps are what make it real. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Pass the next test or learn a few more words. Goals like that only ask for more of the same.

try a daring goal instead, one that would force you to study differently. By December, you will have given a full presentation in English.

speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. By December, will you have given a presentation?

Yes. By December, you will have given a full presentation in English. Should you try a daring go or a small one?

Try a daring goal. One that would force you to study differently. What do small goals ask for?

Goals like that only ask for more of the same. Okay, now listening mode. >> At first, it will frighten you like an old track that could never carry a sleek new train.

Then break it into small steps. This week you will be writing one slide. Next week you will be recording yourself for five minutes.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Will the goal frighten you at first?

Yes, at first it will frighten you. This week, will [clears throat] you be writing a slide or recording yourself? This week you will be writing one slide. What will you be doing next week?

Next week you will be recording yourself for five minutes. >> And now the big finish. >> Each step should be so clear that by Friday you will have either finished it or learned exactly why not.

So what goal, if you truly chased it, would make you rebuild the way you Turn.

>> All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. >> By Friday, will you have finished each step?

Yes, by Friday you will have finished it or learned exactly why not. Should each step be clear or vague?

Each step should be so clear that by Friday you will have finished it. What should your goal make you rebuild?

It should make you rebuild the way you learn.

The grammar we practice today, future continuous, future perfect. By the time the new line opens, trains will be racing at speeds no Japanese railway has seen. With a stronger engine on the old track, they will still be inching forward in 10 years. By December you will have given a full presentation in English.

This week you will be writing one slide.

Congratulations. You practiced 466 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Amazing. So you have listened, you understood and you spoke

and that's how we learn. Before we continue, a real student just like you uh

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That's it's a very very nice book. Let's jump into the story. The officer who kept hearing no. The officer who kept hearing no from the book Super Communicators by Charles Doohig. Betray logic. Emotion. Approach. Spy. Connected. Mood. Pay attention to insight. painfully. No, no, [gasps] not interested. For one intelligence officer, those were

the words he heard most often.

Jim Lawler worked for the CIA. His job was to get foreign officials to share secret information with the United States.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Did Jim Lawler work for the CIA?

Yes, Jim Lawler worked for the CIA. Did he have to get officials to share secrets or to hide them?

He had to get foreign officials to share secret information. Which words did the officer hear most often? He heard no interested. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> The job is built on trust. Yet it asks strangers to betray their own country. They have every reason to say no.

His first approach was built on logic and money. He explained the benefits clearly and offered payments that could make life easier.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Does the job ask strangers to betray their own country?

Yes, it asks strangers to betray their own country. Was his first approach built on logic and money or on feelings?

His first approach was built on logic and money. What did he offer the officials? He offered payments that could make life easier. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> He tried again and again to get them to say yes, and the answer kept coming back the same. No. His

results stayed painfully close to nothing, and he began to fear that he would be fired.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Could he get them to say yes?

>> No. He tried again and again and the answer kept coming back the same. Were his results painfully close to nothing or very strong? His results stayed painfully close to nothing. What did he begin to fear? He began to fear that he would be fired. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the

story. >> In his job, a record like that could end a career. Something in his approach had to change.

The obvious fix would be a better offer, more money, a sharper argument, a stronger case.

What changed was not the offer. It was the feeling in the room.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Did something in his approach have to change?

Something in his approach had to change. Was the change a better offer or the feeling in the room?

It was not the offer. It was the feeling in the room. What could a record like that end?

In his jog, a record like that could end a career. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. Be clear about one thing. Spying is a cold business and getting someone to betray their country is nothing to admire.

Lola began to pay attention to each person's mood. and to match their emotions instead of pushing past them.

>> Okay, questions time. >> Is getting someone to betray their country something to admire?

No. Getting someone to betray their country is nothing to admire. Is spying a warm business or a cold business? Spying is a cold business. What did Lawler begin to pay attention to?

He began to pay attention to each person's mood and to match their emotions. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> He also stopped hiding behind confidence. He shared his own worries honestly as one person talking to another.

That was when he finally began to get people to say yes. Emotions did what logic and money had never done.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Did he keep hiding behind confidence?

No, he stopped hiding behind confidence and shared his worries honestly. Did logic or emotions finally get people to say yes?

Emotions did what logic and money had never done. What did he share honestly?

He shared his own worries as one person talking to another. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. The method is not the hero of this story. The insight behind it is. And it reaches far beyond spying.

Charles Duhig calls it the matching principle. People feel safe when the person in front of them seems to feel what they feel.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. Is the method the hero of this story?

No, the method is not the hero. The insight behind it is does the insight stay inside spying or reach far beyond it? The insight reaches far beyond spying. What does Charles Doohig call it? Charles Doohig calls it the matching principle. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Matching does not mean copy words.

The insight is to meet people where they are before asking them to move.

people say yes to someone they feel connected to, not to the strongest argument.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. Does matching mean copying words?

No. Matching does not mean including words. Do people say yes to arguments or to someone they feel connected to?

People say yes to someone they feel connectioned to not to the strongest argument. What is the insight?

The insight is to meet people where they are before asking them to move. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. >> Think about speaking English. Many learners prepare perfect sentences like arguments, then wonder why conversations feel painfully cold.

Before a speaking class or an exam, they polish every answer and forget to pay attention to the person listening.

Now test yourself. Do these learners conversations feel warm?

No. Their conversations feel painfully cold. Do they forget their grammar or the person listening?

They forget to pay attention to the person listening. How do many learners prepare their sentences?

Many learners prepare perfect sentences like arguments. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> The other person does not need your best grammar first. They need to feel that you are really listening.

The people you practice with will shape how fast you grow. So feeling connected is not a detail. It is the work.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Does the other person need your best grammar first?

No, they need to feel that you are really listening. Is feeling connected a detail or the work.

Feeling connected is not a detail. It is the work who will shape how fast you grow.

The people you practice with will shape how fast you grow. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. Next time you speak English with someone, get them to tell you how they feel about the topic. Then share your opinion,

match their mood. If they are serious, slow down. If they are laughing, let yourself laugh too. [laughter]

Let's turn those ears into voice. Should you get them to tell you how they feel first?

Yes. Get them to tell you how they feel, then share your opinion. If they are serious, should you slow down or speed up? If they are serious, slow down. Whose mood should you match?

Match their mood. If they are laughing, let yourself laugh too. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> Then share one honest thing about yourself, even a small worry about your English.

Watch how quickly a stranger becomes a partner. Doors rarely open for the best argument. They open for understanding.

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. Doors open for the best argument.

No, doors rarely open for the best argument. They open for understanding. Should you share a small worry or a perfect speech?

Share one honest thing about yourself. Even a small worry about your English. What does a stranger become? A stranger becomes a partner.

The grammar we practice today. Get something done. Get someone to. His job was to get foreign officials to share secret information with the United States. He tried again and again to get them to say yes, and the answer kept coming back the same. Spying is a cold business and getting someone to betray their country is

nothing to admire. That was when he finally began to get people to say yes.

Congratulations. You practiced 472 words in this story and you learned a lot. Okay.

So, if you think about it, you're learning very key lessons that are going to improve your your your whole mindset. That's amazing. Snowball Warren Buffet. Warren Buffett

like snowball.

Oh my god. Warren Buffet.

Let's jump into the story. The year he stopped. The year he stopped from the book The Snowball by Alice Schroeder. Spectacular. Out of step, wealthy. Beat the market. Hot market. Rush in. Defining. Fund manager. make sense happily. 13 years, not one losing year. Then at the height of his success, he closed the whole thing down.

Warren Buffett started his investment partnership in 1956 with money from family and friends in Omaha.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. Did he have a losing year in 13 years?

No, in 13 years he had not one losing year. Did he start the partnership in 1956 or in 1969?

Warren Buffett started his investment partnership in 1956. Whose money did he start with?

He started with money from family and friends in Omaha. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> His method was strict. He insisted on buying only what he understood and only when it was clearly worth more than its price.

That rule shows his defining trait. discipline. He would rather do nothing at all than break it.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. Did he insist on buying only what he understood?

Yes, he insisted on buying only what he understood. Was his defining trait discipline or speed? His defining trait was discipline. What would he rather do than break his rule? He would rather do nothing at all than break it. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> For years, the rule made his partners

wealthy. The partnership beat the market again and again, even in bad years.

By the late60s, it had become a hot market. Prices were rising fast, and almost everyone seemed to be winning.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did the rule make his partners wealthy?

Yes. For years, the rule made his partners wealthy. Did the partnership beat the market or lose to it?

The partnership beat the market again and again, even in bad years. What had it become by the late60s?

By the late60s, it had become a hot market. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. Young fund managers were rushing in to buy exciting new shares that nobody really understood. And their results looked spectacular.

Buffett found very few bargains. The companies he liked were too expensive, and the rest made no sense to him.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. Were young fund managers rushing in to buy new shares?

Yes, young fund managers were rushing in to buy exciting new shares. Did their results look spectacular or poor? Their results looked spectacular. What made no sense to Buffett? The rest of the companies made no sense to him. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. He warned his partners that he felt out

of step with the market. He would not abandon a method he understood.

Read that first line again. 13 years without a loss. Who walks away from that.

>> Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did he warn his partners that he felt out of step?

Yes, he warned his partners that he felt out of step with the market. Would he abandon his method or keep it? He would not abandon a method he understood. How many years did he go without a loss?

He went 13 years without a loss. Great job. Now, back to the story. >> His wealthy partners would happily have given him even more money to manage.

In 1969, in a defining move, he did the opposite. He closed the partnership and returned his partner's money and their share of what he owned.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Would his partners happily have given him more money?

Yes. his wealthier partners would happily have given him even more money. In 1969, did he take more money or close the partnership?

In 1969, he closed the partnership. What did he return to his partners?

He returned their money and their share of what he owned. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> He refused to play a game he did not understand just to finish as a hero.

He even advised those who wanted to keep investing to follow another careful investor he trusted.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Did he refuse to play a game he did not understand?

Yes. He refused to play a game he did not understand just to finish as a hero. Did he advise investors to follow another investor or to stop?

He available them to follow another careful investor he trusted. What kind of investor did he trust? He trusted another careful investor. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> A few years later, the market crashed. Many of the exciting shares that had seemed to beat the market lost most of

their value.

Had he stayed in, he would have been one more fund manager playing by rules he did not believe in. Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. Did the market crash a few years later?

Yes. A few years later, the market crashed. Did the exciting shares keep their value or lose most of it?

Many of the exciting shares lost most of their value. What would he have been if he had stayed in?

He would have been one more fund manager playing by rules he did not believe in. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. Instead, he kept his reputation, his calm, and his method, and kept running Berkshire Haway, a company he already controlled.

Knowing when to stop is part of discipline. We praise the courage to start, but stopping takes a quieter courage.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. Did he lose his reputation?

No. He kept his reputation, his calm, and his method. Does stopping take a louder courage or a quieter courage? Stopping takes a quieter courage. Which company did he keep running?

He kept running Berkshire Haway, a company he already controlled. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. Stopping is not quitting when it protects a rule you trust. It is focus saying no to everything outside what you understand.

English has its own hot market. Every week brings a new app, a new trick, and a new promise of fluency in a month.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Is stopping always quitting?

No. Stopping is not quitting when it protects a rule you trust. Does English have its own hot market or not? English has its own hot market. What does every week bring?

Every week brings a new app, a new trick, and a new promise of fluency. >> Now, back to the story. Your friends happily jump from method to method and for a while their early results can look spectacular.

If a method makes no sense to you, stay out of the race, even if you feel out of step.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. Do your friends happily jump from method to method?

Yes. Your friends happily jump from method to method. If a method makes no sense, join the race or stay out. If a method makes no sense to you, stay out of the race. How might you feel if you stay out of the race? You might feel out of step. >> Now this is the final part. I want you

to focus and jump into it. >> I would suggest the slow work that works. Daily listening, a notebook of mistakes, and one real conversation in English a week.

try this rule today when everyone is rushing in. Check your own rule before you follow them.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. >> Should you follow everyone who is rushing in?

>> No. When everyone is rushing in, check your own rule first. Does the narrator suggest a new app or daily listening?

The narrator suggests daily listening, a notebook of mistakes, and one real conversation a week. When should you try this rule? Try this rule today.

The grammar we practice today, reporting verbs. He insisted on buying only what he understood and only when it was clearly worth more than its price. He warned his partners that he felt out of step with the market. He refused to play a game he did not understand just to finish as a hero.

He even advised those who wanted to keep investing to follow another careful investor he trusted.

Congratulations. You practiced 470 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Awesome. A full story in English.

That's a huge huge achievement. Great job. Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs. iPhone. Wow. Wow. [laughter]

Perfection.

It's a nice a time to think about innovation. Let's get into the story The Booze in Boston. >> The booze in Boston from the book Steve Jobs by Walter Isaxson. Boo. Rebel. Notion. Let go of apologize. Enormous for good. Staging colorful victory. Boston, August 1997. Thousands of Apple fans filled a hall and waited for the man they had missed

for years.

Steve Jobs had been pushed out of Apple 12 years earlier. Now he was back as an adviser and the fans wanted a fighter.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Did thousands of Apple fans fill a hall in Boston?

Yes. Thousands of Apple fans filled the hall and waited. Did the fans want a fighter or a peacemaker? The fans wanted a fighter. When had Jobs been pushed out of Apple? He had been pushed out 12 years earlier. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> The company was in deep trouble. It was losing money fast and many

experts believed it would not survive.

For these fans, the enemy had one name, Microsoft. Its Windows software had beaten the Mac.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Was Apple doing well in 1997?

No, the company was in deep trouble and losing money fast. Was the fan's enemy Microsoft or another company?

For these fans, the enemy had one name, Microsoft. What had beaten the Mac?

Microsoft's Windows software had beaten the Mac. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. Jobs spoke calmly about new plans. Then he announced a partner and an enormous face appeared on the screen behind him.

It was Bill Gates, the head of Microsoft, speaking live by satellite and looking down like a giant.

>> All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. Did an enormous face appear on the screen?

Yes. An enormous face appeared on the screen behind him. Was Gates on the stage or speaking by satellite? Bill Gates was speaking live by satellite. Whose face was it? It was Bill Gates, the head of Microsoft. Nice one. Let's continue. Microsoft, Jobs explained, would invest $150 million in Apple and keep making its office saver for the Mac.

The hall did not cheer. It filled with booze and some fans could not believe their eyes.

>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Did the hall cheer?

No, the hall did not cheer. It filled with booze. Would WordPress invest in Apple or buy Apple?

Microsoft would invest $150 million in Apple. What would Microsoft keep making for the Mac?

It would keep making its Office software for the Mac. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. Think for a moment about the staging. The rebel hero had come home and shaken hands with the enemy.

Honestly, you would probably have booed, too. It looked like surrender, as if Apple had sold its soul to stay alive.

>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Would you probably have booed, too?

Yes, honestly, you would probably have booed, too. Did the rebel hero fight the enemy or shake hands?

The rebel hero had come home and shaken hands with the enemy. What did the staging look like? It looked like surrender. >> Now back to the story. >> Jobs did not stop to apologize or argue. He let the noise settle and then he explained what he believed.

Apple, he said, had to let go of the notion that for Apple to win, Microsoft had to lose.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did Jobs stop to apologize?

No, Jobs did not stop to apologize or argue. Did he get angry or let the noise settle?

He let the noise settle and then he explained what he believed. What notion did Apple have to let go of?

Apple had to let go of the notion that for Apple to win, Microsoft had to lose. >> Now, relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> The crowd was missing one fact. The war with Microsoft had been decided years ago and the victory was Microsoft's.

Meanwhile, businesses were quietly leaving the Mac. Without a promise of office, many would have left for good.

>> Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. Had the war with Microsoft already been decided?

Yes, it had been decided years ago and the victory was Microsoft's. Were businesses joining the Mac or quietly leaving it? Businesses were quietly leaving the Mac. Without office, what would many businesses have done? Without a promise of office, many would have left for good. >> Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue. Seen that way, the scene means something

completely different. The enormous face was not a victory for the enemy.

It was a leader deciding to stop fighting a battle already lost so that Apple's energy could go into new colorful machines.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Was the enormous face a victory for the enemy?

>> No. The enormous face was not a victory for the enemy. Did the leader decide to keep fighting or stop fighting?

He decided to stop fighting a battle already lost. Where could Apple's energy go instead? It could go into new colorful machines. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Jobs later regretted using the giant screen, calling it terrible staging. The decision behind it, though, was

right.

about a year later, Apple was making a profit again, and its colorful new iMac was selling fast.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Did Jobs later regret using the giant screen?

Yes. Jobs later regretted using the giant screen. Was the decision behind it wrong or right? The decision behind it was right. What was selling fast about a year later? Apple's colorful new iMac was selling fast. Okay, now listening mode. >> Old wars feel noble. They make us feel like rebels with an enemy to be angry at every morning.

Many of them, however, no longer help us win anything. Stop fighting old wars that do not help you win.

>> Now test yourself. >> Do old wars make us feel like rebels?

Yes, they make us feel like rebels with an enemy to be angry at. Should you stop fighting old wars or keep fighting? Stop fighting old wars that do not help you win. How do old wars feel? Old wars feel noble. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue.

>> Learners fight old wars, too. Perhaps for the teacher who once embarrassed them in class and never apologized.

Perhaps you still hold the notion that you and English are enemies and always will be.

every sentence. Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Did the teacher in the example apologize?

No. Perhaps a teacher once embarrassed them in class and never apologized. Do learners fight old wars, too, or only companies? Learners fight old wars, too. What notion might you still hold?

Perhaps you still hold the notion that you and English are enemies. >> Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. >> That war is expensive. Stop fighting it for good. And try spending that energy on a focused hour of listening this week.

So don't ask who was wrong in the past. Ask which fight you need to let go of. So your goal gets your focus.

>> Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Is that war cheap? No, that war is expensive. Should you keep fighting it or stop fighting it for good?

Stop fighting it for good and try spending that energy on listening. What should you ask instead?

Ask which fight you need to let go of so your goal gets your focus.

The grammar we practice today. Verbs that change meaning. Jobs did not stop to apologize or argue. It was a leader deciding to stop fighting a battle already lost so that Apple's energy could go into new colorful machines. Jobs later regretted using the giant screen, calling it terrible staging. Stop fighting old wars that do not help

you win.

Congratulations. You practiced 467 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's awesome. Congratulations and let's keep going. Think and grow rich.

Let's go jump into the story. 20 years or more. >> 20 years or more from the book Think and Grow Rich by Napoleon Hill. wage unpaid sensible politely. Empire sooner or later preface. Lean back. Open doors. Apprenticehip. A young man once said yes to an offer most people would refuse. At least that is how he told it.

His name was Napoleon Hill. in 1908. He said he was a poor young magazine writer.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Did the young man say yes to the offer?

Yes. He said yes to an offer most people would refuse. Would most people accept or refuse the offer? Most people would refuse it. What was his job in 1908? He was a poor young magazine writer. Here's odd. Now let's come to the next part. He was sent to interview Andrew Cargi, one of the world's richest men who had

built a steel empire.

According to Hill, the interview was supposed to be short. Instead, it went on for 3 days.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Was the interview supposed to be long?

No. According to Hill, the interview was supposed to be short. Had Carney B built a steel empire or a railway empire? Cargi had built a steel empire. How long did the interview go on? It went on for three days. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story.

CargIe Hill wrote believed success followed a pattern. Anyone could learn if someone would only write it down.

It would mean studying hundreds of successful people. and what they shared.

>> Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Did Cargi think success was only luck?

No, he believed success followed a pattern anyone could learn. Would the [clears throat] work mean studying a few people or hundreds?

It would mean studying hundreds of successful people. What would he study about successful people? He would study what they shared. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. Then in Hills telling the old man leaned back in his chair and watched him closely.

In the preface of Think and Grow Rich, Hill wrote that Carnegie asked him to spend 20 years or more on it.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Did the old man lean back in his chair?

Yes. He leaned back in his chair and watched him closely. Is the story in the preface or at the end of the book? It is in the preface of think and grow rich. How long did Cargi ask him to spend on it?

He asked him to spend 20 years or more on it. Now, back to the story. >> Hill later added a hard detail. Cariegi would open doors, but would pay no salary. Hill was expected to work unpaid.

It was a kind of apprenticeship. Open doors. The builder of an empire as a teacher and no wage.

>> Now test yourself. >> Was Hill expected to work for a salary?

No. Hill was expected to work unpaid. Would company open doors or pay a wage?

Carnegi would open doors but would pay no salary. What kind of arrangement was it?

It was a kind of apprentichip with the builder of an empire as a teacher. Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> Now imagine you are that young writer, poor with bills to pay.

One of the richest men alive is offering you 20 years of hard work with no wages.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Is the young writer rich?

No. He is poor with bills to pay. Is he offered 20 years of work with wages [snorts] or with no wages?

He is offered 20 years of hard work with no wages. Who is offering the work? One of the richest men alive is offering it. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> You are supposed to take the job that pays. You could ask for a wage or politely say no.

most sensible people would find a good reason to walk away and nobody would blame them.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. Are you supposed to take the job that pays?

Yes, you are supposed to take the job that pays. Would sensible people walk away or say yes?

Most sensible people would find a good reason to walk away. How could you say no? You could politely say no. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. Hill said yes. By his own account, he answered quickly before fear could talk him out of it.

He spent the next decades interviewing, writing, and lecturing. And in 1937 he published his most famous book.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Did Hill take a long time to answer?

No. By his own account, he answered quickly. Did he answer before or after fear could talk him out of it? He answered before fear could talk him out of it. What did he publish in 1937?

>> In 1937, he published his most famous book. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. It became one [laughter] of the bestselling self-help books ever written. [clears throat]

There is an honest question here too. Historians have found no record that Hill and Cariegi ever met.

Hill only described the meeting after Cariegi had died, so nobody could ask the old man himself.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. Have historians found a record of the meeting?

No. Historians have found no record that Hill and Cargi ever met. Did Hill describe the meeting before or after Cariegi died? >> [clears throat] >> He described it after Cariegi had died. Why could nobody ask the old man?

Because he'll only described the meeting after Cargi had died. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> So hold this story carefully. The preface is Hill's own account of his beginning, not a proven fact.

Even so, the choice at its center is real, and every ambitious person meets it sooner or later.

>> Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Is the preface a proven fact?

No, the preface is Hill's own account, not a proven fact. Is the choice at its center real or invented?

The choice at its center is real. When does every ambitious person meet this choice?

Every ambitious person meets it sooner or later. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. Someone who knows more than you asks for something hard, long and unpaid. You are expected to give first.

The sensible easy path is to lean back, thank them politely, and return to what is comfortable.

That's amazing. Now we want to speak what you have read and listened. Are you expected to give first?

Yes, you are expected to give first is the sensible path to accept or to lean back.

The sensible easy path is to lean back and thank them politely. What does someone who knows more ask for?

They ask for something hard, long, and unpaid. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. Accepting a hard challenge from a good mentor can shape the next 20 years of your life.

Sooner or later, a teacher may ask you for an essay every day. You will be expected to accept honest corrections.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Can a hard challenge shape the next 20 years?

Yes, it can shape the next 20 years of your life. Will you be expected to hide mistakes or accept honest corrections?

You will be expected to accept honest corrections. What may a teacher ask you for sooner or later?

Sooner or later, a teacher may ask you for an essay every day. Now this is the time for the ending of the story and here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. or a coach may ask you to speak only English for a month even when it feels embarrassing.

Picture yourself saying yes to that apprenticeship this week, then opening your notebook the next morning.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> Might a coach ask you to speak only English?

Yes. A coach may ask you to speak only English for a month. Do you say yes this week or next year?

You say yes to that apprenticeship this week. What do you open the next morning? You open your notebook the next morning.

The grammar we practice today be supposed to be expected to. According to Hill, the interview was supposed to be short. Hill was expected to work unpaid. You are supposed to take the job that pays. You are expected to give first.

Congratulations. You practiced 472 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Well done. And here's the thing. English, you are constantly learning something new. You're learning how to think in an ambitious way.

And that's amazing.

Just just listen to what happened.

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Thinking fast and slow. Let's get into the story. Two Minds at lunch. >> Two Minds at lunch from the book Thinking Fast and Slow by Daniel Carnean. Seminar joint famously end up thinker and noi economics race ahead grow out of predictable two men one University in Jerusalem. Two completely different ways of thinking.

The first was Carnean, the doubter of the pair. He questioned almost everything, including his own best ideas.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Did the two men think in the same way?

No, they had two completely different ways of thinking. Was Carnean the doubter or the winner of the pair? Carnean was the doubter of the pair. What did Carnean question?

He questioned almost everything, including his own best ideas. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. He worried and often changed his mind. His doubts made him careful. Yet, they could also slow him down.

The second was Amoski, a fast and famously confident thinker who loved a good argument and usually won it.

All right, time to prove you're focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Was a famously confident thinker?

Yes, Tverki was a fast and famously confident thinker. Did Carnean's doubts make him careless or careful? His doubts made him careful. What did Ferski love?

He loved a good argument and he usually won it. Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Whereas Carneaman saw problems, Terski saw puzzles. Whereas one of them hesitated, the other raced ahead.

They worked at the same university, yet for years they had followed separate paths in psychology.

>> Now the floor is yours. Let's go. Did Ferski race ahead?

Yes. Whereas Carnean hesitated, Traverski raced ahead. Did Caraman see puzzles or problems?

Whereas Carnean saw problems, Tverki saw puzzles. What had they followed for years? For years they had followed separate paths in psychology. >> Nice one. Let's continue. In 1969, Carnean invited Ferski to speak as a guest at a seminar that he was teaching.

Turski presented research suggesting that ordinary people are fairly good at judging chance, almost like natural statisticians. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. >> Did Caraman invite Ferski to his seminar?

Yes. In 1969, Carnean invited Turski to speak at a seminar. Was Turski a student or a guest at the seminar? Turski was a guest at the seminar. What did Ferski's research suggest?

It suggested that ordinary people are fairly good at judging chance. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Carnean did not believe it and he said so. Their disagreement did not end in the seminar room. It continued over lunch.

At lunch, they ask themselves an honest question. Were they two trained researchers really good at judging chance?

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Did Caraman believe the research?

No, Carnean did not believe it and he said so. Did the disagreement end in the seminar room or continue over lunch?

It did not end in the seminar room. It continued over lunch. What did they ask themselves at lunch?

They asked if they, two trained researchers, were really good at judging chance. >> Okay, now listening mode. Despite all their training, they agreed that they were not. So they decided to test other experts too.

The experts made the same errors. Their first joint paper grew out of that lunch, and so did a partnership that lasted many years.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. Despite their training, were they good at judging chance?

No. Despite all their training, they agreed that they were not. Did the experts make different errors or the same errors? The experts made the same errors. What grew out of that lunch?

Their first joint paper grew out of that lunch. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. A warrior and a winner sound like a bad match. People so different often end up annoying each other.

The opposite happened. Whereas Tverki was a night person, Carnean was a morning person. So they met for lunch and talked for hours.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. Two very different people often end up annoying each other.

Yes, people so different often end up annoying each other. Was Tverki a night person or a morning person?

Whereas Tverki was a night person, Carnean was a morning person. Where did they meet and talk for hours? They met for lunch and talked for hours. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. They famously wrote together sentence by sentence until they could not always say which idea had come from whom.

Carnean's doubts found the weak spots in Tverk's ideas. Traverski's confidence turned Carnean's careful questions into bold answers.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? Did they famously write together?

Yes, they famously wrote together sentence by sentence. Did Carnean's doubts find weak spots or strong points?

Carnean's doubts found the weak spots in Tverk's ideas. What did Tverk's confidence turn Carnean's questions into?

It turned Carnean's careful questions into bold answers. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Together, they showed why intelligent people make the same predictable mistakes again and again.

In 2002, despite being a psychologist, Carnean received the Nobel Prize in economics. Terski had died 6 [applause] years earlier.

>> Now test yourself. Despite being a psychologist, did Carnean win a Nobel Prize?

Yes. Despite being a psychologist, Carnean received the Nobel Prize in Economics. Did they study predictable mistakes or rare mistakes?

They showed why intelligent people make the same predictable mistakes. What had happened to Turski by then? [clears throat] Terski had died 6 years earlier. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Carnean made it clear that he saw that economics prize as a joint one earned by

the two of them.

Neither man would have reached it alone. The right partner is not a thinker exactly like you. The right partner doubles your thinking.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Did Caraman see it as his prize alone?

No, he saw that economics prize as a joint one. Is the right partner a thinker exactly like you or not?

The right partner is not a thinker exactly like you. What does the right partner do? [clears throat] The right partner doubles your thinking. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Picture your own English next month. You have one study partner, someone who notices exactly what you

miss.

Twice a week you meet for 20 minutes. Real progress can grow out of one sentence, one word, or one rule.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Do you have one study partner?

Yes, you have one study partner, someone who notices what you miss. Do you meet twice a week or every day? You meet twice a week for 20 minutes. What can real progress grow out of?

It can grow out of one sentence, one word or one rule. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> You explain and they doubt. They race ahead and you check in spite of the small things that annoy you.

By the end of the month, you end up catching predictable mistakes that neither of you could have seen alone.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Do you check in spite of the small things that annoy you?

Yes, you check. In spite of the small things that annoy you, who races ahead, you or your partner,

they race ahead and you check. What do you end up catching?

You end up catching predictable mistakes that neither of you could have seen alone.

The grammar we practice today despite. In spite of whereas whereas Carneaman saw problems, Traverski saw puzzles. Whereas one of them hesitated, the other raced ahead. Despite all their training, they agreed that they were not. Whereas Tesky was a night person, Carnean was a morning person. So they met for lunch and talked for hours.

Congratulations. You practiced 451 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's amazing. If you notice something,

and you're doing it at the same time. That's such a great accomplishment.

The seven habits of highly effective people.

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let's get into the story behind >> behind from the book the seven habits of highly effective people by Steven RV Inadequate. Embarrass. Insist. Pace. Blossom. Warmly. Cheer. Step back. Deep down. Swing. A baseball field. A group of boys and a small thin boy waiting for the ball with his bat raised.

The ball has hardly left the pitcher's hand. When he swings, he misses. And some of the other boys laugh.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Does the boy hit the ball?

No. He swings and misses and some of the other boys laugh. Is the boy small and thin or big and strong? He is a small thin boy. When does he swing? He swings when the ball has hardly left the pitcher's hand. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. His parents are

Steven and Sandra Cvy and he is one of their sons.

Years later, Cave shared this painful chapter near the start of the seven habits of highly effective people.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Is he one of the CVY's sons?

Yes. His parents are Steven and Sandra Cavy. and he is one of their sons. Did KVY share this chapter near the start or the end?

He shared it near the start of the seven habits of highly effective people. What kind of chapter was it? It was a painful chapter. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> The boy was struggling almost everywhere. At school, he often could not even follow a test's instructions.

With other children, he seemed young for his age, and he sometimes embarrassed those closest to him.

That's amazing. Now, you want to speak what you have read and listened. Could the boy follow a test's instructions?

No. At school, he often could not even follow a tests instructions. Did he seem old or young for his age? He seemed young for his age. Whom did he sometimes embarrass? He sometimes embarrassed those closest to him. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. His worried parents did what loving parents usually do. They tried very hard to help.

They cheered him on and whenever he improved a little, they praised him warmly.

When others laughed, they told them to leave him alone because he was still learning.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. Did his parents do what loving parents usually do?

Yes, his worried parents did what loving parents usually do. Did they praise him warmly or coldly? They praised him warmly. What did they do when he improved a little? They cheered him on and praised him warmly. >> Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue. You might think this was exactly the right thing to do.

Most of us would have done the same.

Yet nothing improved. The boy would cry, insisting he would never be good at baseball and did not even like it.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Did things improve?

No, nothing improved. Did the boy insist he liked baseball or did not like it? He insisted he did not even like it. What would most of us have done? Most of us would have done the same. >> Now, back to the story. >> So, the covies stopped and looked honestly at themselves rather than at

their son.

What they found was uncomfortable. Deep down they had been seeing him as inadequate, somehow behind the others.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Was what they found comfortable?

>> No. What they found was uncomfortable. Did they look at their son or at themselves?

They looked honestly at themselves rather than at their son. How had they been seeing him deep down?

Deep down, they had been seeing him as inadequate. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> The fact that they saw him as inadequate was the real problem. Every kind word carried it.

Even when they cheered, the silent message was that he could not manage alone.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Was the real problem the fact that they saw him as inadequate?

Yes. The fact that they saw him as inadequate was the real problem. Was the silent message that he could manage alone or not?

The silent message was that he could not manage alone. What did every kind word carry?

Every kind word carried the fact that they saw him as inadequate. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> So they decided to change how they saw him before changing anything he did.

They stepped back and got out of his way. They stopped comparing him with other children and simply enjoyed him.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now, it's over to you to answer them. >> Did they step back?

Yes. They stepped back and got out of his way. Did they compare him with other children or simply enjoy him?

They stopped comparing him and simply enjoyed him. [clears throat] What did they decide to change first?

They decided to change how they saw him. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> It was not easy. It meant watching him struggle and trusting that he had what he needed inside him.

Slowly the boy began to change. He grew more confident and moved forward at his own pace.

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Was it easy? No, it was not easy. Did he move forward at his own pace or at others pace? He moved forward at his own pace. What did they trust?

They trusted that he had what he needed inside him. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> In the years that followed, he blossomed in his studies with friends and as an athlete. [cheering]

Look again at that baseball field. The same boy swings, the same children laugh, and it is a different story.

Okay, questions time. Did the boy blossom?

Yes. In the years that followed, he blossomed. Did he blossom only in his studies or also as an athlete?

He blossomed in his studies with friends and as an athlete. What does the same boy do on the field? The same boy swings and it is a different story. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Part of the problem had been in the eyes of the people who loved him.

How we see people quietly shapes how they grow and that includes how we see ourselves.

Did that make sense? Now let's check. Was part of the problem in the eyes of those who loved him?

Yes. Part of the problem had been in the eyes of the people who loved him. Does how we see people shape how they grow or not.

How we see people quietly shapes how they grow. What else does it include? It includes how we see ourselves. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Think of the learners around you. A younger brother, a classmate, a colleague embarrassed by their

English.

If they sense that you see them as behind, even help given warmly may tell them they cannot do it.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Might a colleague be embarrassed by their English?

Yes, a colleague may be embarrassed by their English. Can help given warmly still hurt or never.

Even help given warmly may tell them they cannot do it. What might they sense? [sighs] They might sense that you see them as behind. That's it. This is the last part of the story. Give it your best. >> And when you look at your own English, step back and stop insisting that it is

not good enough.

Deep down what you have is not a weak student. It is a learner who can blossom at a different pace.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. >> Should you keep insisting your English is not good enough?

>> No. Oh, >> step back and stop insisting that it is not good enough. Is what you have a weak student or a learner.

What you have is not a weak student. It is a learner. At what pace can you blossom?

You can blossom at a different pace.

The grammar we practice today, noun clauses. His worried parents did what loving parents usually do. What they found was uncomfortable. The fact that they saw him as inadequate was the real problem. Even when they cheered, the silent message was that he could not manage alone.

Congratulations. You practiced 467 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Honestly, well done. And uh this is the important thing. You you're you're improving your English. You're improving your mindset and that's going to make you a undestroyable man or or like undestroyable guy. So that's amazing. The everything store

And now let's jump into the story Put Yourself Out of Work. >> Put yourself out of work from the book The Everything Store by Brad Stone. device. Artificial intelligence. Sell out. Digital out of work. Physical. Disrupt. The heart of foresight. Outdated. A paper book is a simple beautiful object. In 2004, it was also the heart of Amazon's

business.

Amazon had begun by selling books online. And books were still the part everyone understood best.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Was the paper book the heart of Amazon's business?

Yes. In 2004, it was also the heart of Amazon's business. Had Amazon begun by selling books or by selling shoes?

Amazon had begun by selling books online. Which part did everyone understand best?

books were still the part everyone understood best. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Brad Stone describes what happened next in the Everything Store. His account of Jeff Bezos.

Steve Kessle ran Amazon's media business led by books, a large and successful part of the company.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Does Brad Stone describe what happened next?

Yes. Brad Stone describes what happened next in the Everything Store. Did Kessle run the via business or the shipping?

Steve Kessle ran Amazon's media business led by books. What was Kessle's business led by?

It was led by books, a large and successful part of the company. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Bezos, meanwhile, was worried. Apple had just shown how fast one digital device could disrupt an old market.

He had also been reading about strong companies made outdated by new technology they refused to take seriously.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Was Bezos calm?

>> No. Bezos, meanwhile, was worried. Could one digital device disrupt an old market or protect it?

Apple had shown how fast one digital device could disrupt an old market. What made strong companies outdate?

New technology they refused to take seriously made them outdated. >> Here's Odd. Now let's come to the next part. >> In his view, digital books would come whatever Amazon did and he wanted Amazon to be the one that brought them.

So he called Kessle in and made him a surprising offer, the kind that changes a career.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Would digital books come whatever Amazon did.

Yes. In his view, digital books would come whatever Amazon did. Did Bezos want Amazon or Arrival to bring digital books? [sighs] He wanted Amazon to be the one that brought them. What did Bezos make Kessle?

He made Kessle a surprising offer, the kind that changes a career. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Imagine you are Kessle. You run the biggest, most familiar part of the company and your results look good.

Then your boss asks you to leave it all and lead a tiny new group with no product yet.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Do you run a small part of the company?

No. You run the biggest, most familiar part of the company. Does your boss ask you to stay or to leave it all?

Your boss asks you to leave it all and lead a tiny new group. What does the tiny new group not have yet? The tiny new group has no product yet. Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> What would the job be? >> You would expect something safe like selling digital books beside paper ones.

The real instruction was far more shocking. Bezos told him to work as if his goal were to put everyone selling physical books out of work.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Was the real instruction safe?

No, the real instruction was far more shocking. Should Kessle protect physical books or put their sellers out of work?

Bezos told him to put everyone selling physical books out of work. What job would you expect?

You would expect something safe like selling digital books beside paper ones. Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> That included Amazon. Whatever the new team built would disrupt the heart of the business. Kessle had just been running.

Kessle accepted. He started almost from nothing with a small group of engineers in California.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. Did the instruction include Amazon?

Yes, that included Amazon. Would whatever the team built protect or disrupt Kessle's business.

Whatever the new team built would disrupt the heart of the business Kessle had been running. Where were Kessle's engineers?

He started with a small group of engineers in California. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> The work took years. The early devices were hard to build and the digital books were hard to get from nervous publishers.

in November 2007. Amazon launched the Kindle. [clears throat] The first stock sold out [applause] within hours.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Were the early devices easy to build?

No, the early devices were hard to build. Did the first stock sell out within hours or within weeks? The first stock sold out within hours. When did Amazon launch the Kindle?

Amazon launched the Kindle in November 2007. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> A few years later, Amazon was selling more digital books than paper ones on its own website. The foresight had paid off.

The physical book did not disappear and popular paper books still sell out. Amazon simply owned the change instead of being hit by it.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Did the foresight pay off?

Yes, the foresight had paid off. Did the physical book disappear or stay? The physical book did not disappear. What was Amazon selling more of a few years later?

Amazon was selling more digital books than paper ones. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Replace yourself before someone else does and do it while the old you is still winning.

This kind of foresight matters even more today as artificial intelligence already does parts of many people's jobs.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Should you replace yourself before someone else does?

Yes. Replace yourself before someone else does. Should you do it while you are winning or after you lose? Do it while the old you is still winning. what already does parts of many people's jobs.

Artificial intelligence already does parts of many people's jobs. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> The safest person is not the one who guards outdated skills. It is whoever builds tomorrow's skills early.

Picture this with your English. The old you translates every sentence from Arabic before daring to speak.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Is the safest person the one who guards outdate skills?

No. The safest person is whoever builds tomorrow's skills early. Is it whoever builds skills early or whoever builds them late?

It is whoever builds tomorrow's skills early. What does the old you do before daring to speak?

The old you translates every sentence from Arabic. >> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring it home. The new you practices thinking directly in English for 10 minutes every morning, however slow and clumsy it feels.

Somewhere artificial intelligence is already learning to do what the old you does. Whenever it arrives, let it find the new you already gone.

Let the new you put the old you out of work before the world does it for you.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Does the new you practice however slow it feels?

Yes, the new you practices every morning, however slow and clumsy it feels. Should artificial intelligence find the old you or the new you?

Whenever it arrives, let it find the new you already gone. Who should put the old you out of work?

Let the new you put the old you out of work.

the grammar we practice today ever words. In his view, digital books would come whatever Amazon did. And he wanted Amazon to be the one that brought them. Whatever the new team built would disrupt the heart of the business Kessle had just been running. It is whoever builds tomorrow's skills early. The new you practices thinking directly

in English for 10 minutes every morning, however slow and clumsy it feels.

Congratulations. You practiced 468 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> See, that wasn't hard.

This is amazing. Let's keep it up. for

what's the difference? Let's go. >> Three questions from the book Blink by Malcolm Gladwell. Analyze. Unstable. Overweight. Confuse. Typical. Mathematician. Blood pressure. Emergency room. Heart attack. Fluid. Look at this scene. A typical case in any emergency room. A man sits among the crowd holding his chest. [sighs and snorts]

The pain comes and goes. He is overweight and he has smoked for years.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. Is the man overweight? [clears throat]

Yes, he is overweight and he has smoked for years. Is this a typical case or a rare case?

It is a typical case in any emergency room. What is the man holding?

A man sits among the crowd holding his chest. Now, back to the story. >> Is it a heart attack? If you were the doctor and sent him home wrongly, he could die.

If it is not a heart attack and you keep him, you have taken a bed. Someone else needed

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Could he die if you sent him home wrongly?

Yes. If you sent him home wrongly, he could die. If it is not a heart attack, do you save a bed or take one?

You have taken a bed. someone else needed. What is the big question?

The big question is this. Is it a heart attack? >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. In the 1990s, this was the daily puzzle at Cook County Hospital, which served Chicago's poorest people.

Money was short, beds were few, and chest pain patients arrived every single day.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Did chest pain patients arrive every single day?

Yes. Chest pain patients arrived every single day. Was money short or plentiful? Money was short and beds were few. Who did Cook County Hospital serve? It served Chicago's poorest people. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> The new head of medicine, Brendan Riley, studied how each doctor decided and did not like it.

When the same patient was described to different doctors, their answers were all over the place.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Did Riley study how each doctor decided

Yes. He studied how each doctor decided and did not like it. Were the doctor's answers the same or all over the place? Their answers were all over the place. What was Riley's job? He was the new head of medicine. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Before reading on, make a guess.

What would you give those doctors to help them decide better?

Most people would say more information, more tests, more questions, the whole patient history.

Okay, questions time. >> Would most people ask for less information?

No. Most people would say more information. Would they want part of the history or the whole patient history?

Most people would want more tests, more questions, and the whole patient history. What should you make before reading on? Before reading on, make a guess. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> That feels obvious. >> Surely the doctor who knows more will choose better.

Riley disagreed. He had found the work of a heart doctor, Lee Goldman, [sighs] who had analyzed many cases with mathematicians.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Did Riley agree? No. Riley disagreed. Did Goldman analyze cases with mathematicians or with lawyers?

Goldman had analyzed many cases with mathematicians. Who was Lee Goldman? Lee Goldman was a heart doctor. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. Working with those mathematicians, Goldman had built a simple rule. Besides a standard heart test, the doctor needed only three answers.

Is the pain the dangerous unstable kind? Is there fluid in the lungs? Is the blood pressure [sighs] low.

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Did the doctor need many answers?

>> No. The doctor needed only three answers. Is the dangerous pain the stable kind or the unstable kind? The dangerous pain is the unstable kind. What are the three questions?

Is the pain unstable? Is there fluid in the lungs? Is the blood pressure low? >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> That was nearly all. age, smoking, and being overweight, the details every doctor had been trained to collect, were left out.

Riley tested the rule in his emergency room for two whole years and compared it with the doctor's usual judgment.

Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the questions. Did every doctor collect details like smoking and being overweight?

Yes. Every doctor had been trained to collect them and the rule left them out. Did Riley test the rule for two weeks or two whole years?

He tested the rule for two whole years. Where did Riley test the rule? He tested it in his emergency room. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> The results surprised almost everyone. >> The rule was about 70% better at spotting patients not in danger.

It was also safer. With the most serious cases, it was right more than 95% of the time.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Did the result surprise almost everyone?

Yes, the results surprised almost everyone. Was the rule safer or more dangerous? It was also safer. How often was it right with the most serious cases? It was right more than 95% of the time. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Here is the missing clue. The extra details had not been helping

the doctors. They had been confusing them.

A doctor who hears that a patient smokes starts to worry even with no unstable pain, no fluid, and normal blood pressure.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Were the extra details helping the doctors?

No. The extra details had been confusing them. Does a doctor start to worry or stay calm when a patient smokes?

A doctor who hears that a patient smokes starts to worry. When does the doctor still worry?

The doctor worries even with no unstable pain, no fluid and normal blood pressure. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. Cook County became one of the first hospitals in America to trust a few clear questions over a pile of facts.

Malcolm Gladwell uses this case in blink to make a point that sounds strange at first. More information is not always better.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's simply do it. >> Did Cook County trust a pile of facts?

No, it trusted a few clear questions [snorts] over a pile of facts. Is more information always better or not always better? More information is not always better. Which book uses this case?

Malcolm Gladwell uses this case in blink. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> English learning can feel like that crowded room with apps, lists, videos, and advice arriving all day.

A typical learner keeps collecting more until the extra information only confuses them.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. Does advice arrive all day?

Yes. Apps, lists, videos, and advice arrive all day. Does the extra information help or confuse a typical learner? The extra information only confuses them. What does a typical learner keep doing? A typical learner keeps collecting more. And now the big finish. >> This week, try the opposite. Analyze your routine. Delete one app and drop one word list.

Don't ask what else you should add. Ask what you can leave out and still get it right.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Should you analyze your routine?

Yes. Analyze your routine. Delete one app and drop one word list. Should you ask what to add or what to leave out? Ask what you can leave out and still get it right. What should you delete this week? Delete one app this week.

The grammar we practice today each, every all. Money was short, beds were few, and chest pain patients arrived every single day. The new head of medicine, Brendan Riley, studied how each doctor decided and did not like it. Most people would say more information, more tests, more questions, the whole patient history. Age, smoking, and being overweight. The

details every doctor had been trained to collect were left out.

Congratulations. You practiced 464 words in this story and you learned a lot. Let's pause for a second. You finished another story and you learned a new lesson. You learned a new way of thinking and that's amazing. And now let's take a quick break and listen to one of the real stories from one of my students

English. >> My name is Abdal Mullah. I'm 24 years old and I'm first graduated from Dwell Industrial College and I also finished with 6.5 score

Mhm.

speaking or listening.

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speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.

government writing.

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step. Fore.

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words.

And now let's jump into the story. The oldest student. >> The oldest student from the book Ego is the Enemy by Ryan Holiday. Memoir, budget, editor, newsroom, add up terribly, publishing, work experience, run a company, insecure. Have you ever stayed silent in a meeting because your question felt too simple to ask out loud.

Catherine Graham knew that fear well. In 1963 at 46, she suddenly found herself running a company with thousands of employees.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Did Katherine Graham know that fear? Well,

yes, Katherine Graham knew that fear well. Was she running a company with thousands of employees or with 10?

She found herself running a company with thousands of employees. How old was she in 1963?

In 1963, she was 46. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> It owned the Washington Post. Her husband had run it, and his sudden death left the company in her hands.

For years she had raised her children and stayed in the background. She had no work experience of any real kind.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did she have work experience?

No, she had no work experience of any real kind. Had her husband run the company or her brother? Her husband had run it. What had she done for years?

For years, she had raised her children and stayed in the background. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> At meetings, she sat among powerful men, and she was often the only woman in the room.

The men spoke easily about profits, costs, and budgets, a language of numbers she had never learned.

Great speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. >> Was she often the only woman in the room?

>> Yes, she was often the only woman in the room. Did the men speak about budgets or about sport?

The men spoke easily about profits, costs, and budgets. What language had she never learned? She had never learned the language of numbers. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> She later wrote in her memoir that she felt insecure and full of self-doubt and terribly afraid of saying something foolish.

In a room like that, one simple question might seem to prove that she did not belong.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Did she feel confident?

No. She felt insecure and full of self-doubt. Did she write about this in her memoir or in a speech?

She later wrote in her memoir that she felt insecure. What was she terribly afraid of? She was terribly afraid of saying something foolish. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. Many people in her place would have hidden that fear behind a confident face and quietly nodded along.

She did something braver. She admitted again and again that she was a beginner and she kept asking questions.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? Did she hide her fear behind a confident face? No, she admitted that she was a beginner. Did she stop asking questions or keep asking? She kept asking questions. What would many people in her place have done? They would have hidden that fear and

quietly nodded along. >> Now stories calling us. Let's continue. >> She asked editors to explain how the newsroom worked and managers to explain the budget and the business. Even the simple things.

Some of her questions probably sounded basic to the editors and experts. She asked them anyway and listened carefully.

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Did she ask editors to explain the newsroom?

Yes. She asked editors to explain how the newsroom worked. Did she ask managers to explain the budget or the weather?

She asked managers to explain the budget and the business. who might have found her questions basic.

Her questions probably sounded basic to the editors and experts. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> I think this is the most useful part of her story. Before she was admired, she was a student.

Asking did not make the fear disappear. It made the unknown things smaller. One honest answer at a time.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did asking make the fear disappear?

No. Asking did not make the fear disappear. Was she a teacher or a student before she was admired? Before she was admired, she was a student. What did asking do?

It made the unknown things smaller. One honest answer at a time. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Slowly, the answers added up. In the newsroom and in the boardroom, she began to make her own judgments.

In the years that followed, she would make some of the boldest publishing decisions in American history.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Did the answers add up?

>> Yes. Slowly the answers added up. Did she make her own judgments or copy others? She began to make her own judgments. What kind of decisions did she make? Later,

she would make some of the boldest publishing decisions in American history. >> Okay, now listening mode. Later, even an investor that others had feared, Warren Buffett, became her business mentor because she was willing to learn.

Under her leadership, the company grew into one of the most respected publishing businesses in America.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now, it's over to you to answer them. >> Did Warren Buffett become her mentor?

Yes, Warren Buffett became her business mentor. Did the company grow or shrink under her leadership? Under her leadership, the company grew. What did the company grow into?

It grew into one of the most respected publishing businesses in America. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Her memoir, Personal History, later won a Puliter Prize, and it did not hide how unsure she had once been.

Admitting you are a beginner is the fastest way to stop being one. Whether you run a company or study English,

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did her memoir hide how unsure she had been?

No, her memoir did not hide how unsure she had once been. Is admitting you are a beginner the slowest way or the fastest way to stop being one? [clears throat] It is the fastest way to stop being one. When does this lesson matter?

It matters whether you run a company or study English. >> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next part. Many English learners do the opposite. They nod in class when they are lost because asking makes them feel insecure.

Graham felt that weakness too with no work experience at [clears throat] all. Still, she asked before she felt ready.

>> Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Does asking make many learners feel insecure?

Yes, asking makes them feel insecure. Do learners nod or ask when they are lost? They nod in class when they are lost. What did Graeme do before she felt ready

with no work experience at all? She still asked before she felt ready. >> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring it home. >> So, do a small experiment this week. Ask someone whose English is stronger than yours one question that feels terribly embarrassing.

Take notes on their answer. Then notice two things. how much you learned and how little it cost you. Small answers add up.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> Should you do a small experiment this week?

>> Yes. Do a small experiment this week. Should you take notes on their answer or forget it? Take notes on their answer. What should the question feel like?

Ask one question that feels terribly embarrassing.

The grammar we practice today, make, do, take, have, collocations. She had no work experience of any real kind. In the newsroom and in the boardroom, she began to make her own judgments. In the years that followed, she would make some of the boldest publishing decisions in American history. So do a small experiment this week.

Congratulations. You practiced 465 words in this story and you learned a lot. Amazing. So you have listened, you understood and you spoke.

And that's how we learn. Are you ready? The 48 laws of power.

That's it. [laughter]

Oh. Oh,

laws of power. Let's jump into the story. The scars and the speeches. >> The scars and the speeches from the book The 48 Laws of Power by Robert Green. Banish. Exile. Contempt. Custom. Legend. Humiliate. Merely. All but battlefield. Convincingly. A few old scars all but made him consel of Rome and a few angry speeches

turned him into an exile.

He was Gas Marshius, a Roman soldier from about 2 and a half thousand years ago. Though historians still debate how much is legend,

no one answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Did a few angry speeches turn him into an exile?

>> Yes. A few angry speeches turned him into an exile. Was he a Roman soldier or a Roman senator? He was a Roman soldier from about 2 and a half thousand years ago. What do historians still debate about his story? Historians still debate how much is legend. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed

it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> He earned the name Corolanus by fighting his way with a small band of men through the gates of an enemy town called Coroli.

Campaign after campaign, he came home from the battlefield with fresh wounds. And his courage made him the hero of the city.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. Did he fight through the gates of Coroli alone?

No. He fought through the gates with a small band of men. Did he come home from the battlefield with fresh wounds or no wounds? He came home from the battlefield with fresh wounds. What did his courage make him? His courage made him the hero of the city. Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep

moving. Robert Green retells his story drawn from Plutarch in the 48 laws of power under a law about saying less than necessary

when he ran for console Rome's highest office custom required him to stand in the forum in a simple robe and ask citizens for votes.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Does Robert Green retell this story in the 48 Laws of Power?

Yes, Green tells it in the 48 laws of power. Did custom require a simple robe or a soldier's armor? Custom required him to stand in the forum in a simple robe. Where did custom require him to ask for votes? Custom required him to ask citizens for votes in the forum. >> See, English is already coming out of

you. Now listen and let's continue. He followed the custom, opened the robe, and showed them his scars, the marks of 17 years of war. Seldom had a candidate needed fewer words.

The crowd was moved. Many felt ashamed of ever doubting him, and his election looked all but certain.

Great, speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. >> Did he follow the custom and show his scars?

Yes, he followed the custom and showed them his scars. Did his scars show 17 years of war or seven?

His scar showed 17 years of war. Seldom had a candidate needed fewer words. How did his election look? His election looked all but certain. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Then on the day of the vote, he returned surrounded by senators, the city's proud elite, and began to talk.

In Green's telling, he boasted, mocked his rivals, and made it plain that he considered the common people beneath him.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. Did he return alone on the day of the vote?

No. He returned surrounded by senators, the city's proud elite. Did he praise the common people or consider them beneath him? He considered the common people beneath him. What did he do in Green's telling? In Green's telling, he boasted and mocked his rivals. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story.

No sooner had word spread than the same citizens who had admired his wounds voted against him, and he lost.

Humiliated by the defeat, he grew louder, not quieter. When grain reached the hungry city, he argued against simply handing it to the people.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Did the citizens vote for him?

No. No sooner had word spread than they voted against him. Did the defeat make him quieter or louder?

Humiliated by the defeat, he grew louder, not quieter. What did he argue about the grain? He argued against simply handing it to the people. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. He attacked their tribunes, the officials elected to protect them, and suggested their hard one rights be taken away.

Maybe he was merely honest and Rome needed a straighttalking soldier more than a smooth politician.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did he protect the tribunes?

No, he attacked their tribunes. The officials elected to protect them. Did Rome need a smooth politician or a straightalking soldier?

Maybe Rome needed a straightalking soldier more than a smooth politician. What does the narrator say? He maybe was maybe he was merely honest. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> Yet he was not merely honest. With every speech he replaced the silent evidence of his scars with open contempt.

The tribunes put him on trial and the people he had treated with contempt voted to banish him from the city he had bled for.

That's amazing. Now we want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Was he merely honest?

>> No, he was not merely honest. He showed open contempt. Did the people forgive him or vote to banish him? They voted to banish him from the city he had bled for. What did every speech replace the silent evidence of his scars with? With every speech, he replaced it with open contempt. >> Nice one. Let's continue.

>> Bitter and humiliated, the banished hero spent his exile among Rome's enemies and later marched with their army to the edge of Rome.

History or legend, the pattern holds. On the battlefield, his pride made him charge first, and in the forum, it made him talk too long.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Did the banished hero spend his exile among Rome's friends? No, he spent his exile among Rome's enemies. Was he bitter and humiliated or calm and happy? He was bitter and humiliated. What did his pride make him do on the battlefield? on the battlefield. His pride made him

charge first. Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next part. >> His scars spoke for him quietly and convincingly, and his words kept undoing their work sentence by sentence.

Say less and let what you have done speak for you. It sounds simple yet seldom is it easy for proud people

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did his scars speak for him convincingly?

Yes. His scars spoke for him quietly and convincingly. For proud people is saying less easy or seldom easy. Seldom is it easy for proud people. What kept undoing the work of his scars? His words kept undoing their work sentence by sentence. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> The same danger lives in quieter places.

A job interview, a team meeting, or a speaking exam.

Nervous speakers keep adding sentences, explaining and defending until the answer they gave first clearly and convincingly is buried.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Does the same danger live in a job interview?

Yes, it lives in a job interview, a team meeting, or a speaking exam. Do nervous speakers add sentences or stop talking?

Nervous speakers keep adding sentences, explaining and defending. What happens to the answer they gave first?

The answer they gave first clearly and convincingly is buried. >> Now this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. >> In an exam, the examiner has often heard enough already. Rarely does an extra sentence earn you more than another chance for a mistake.

Try one daily rule. When you have made your point clearly, stop and let the silence do some of the work.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> Does an extra sentence usually help you in an exam?

No. Rarely does an extra sentence earn you more than another chance for a mistake. When your point is clear, should you keep talking or stop?

When you have made your point clearly, stop. What does the daily rule let the silence do? It lets the silence do some of the work.

The grammar we practice today, inversion after negative adverbials. Seldom had a candidate needed fewer words. No sooner had words spread than the same citizens who had admired his wombs voted against him, and he lost. It sounds simple, yet seldom is it easy for proud people. Rarely does an extra sentence earn you more than another chance for a mistake.

Congratulations. You practiced 516 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Okay.

So if you think about it, you're learning very key lessons that are going to improve your your your whole mindset. That's amazing. for

another video. And let's keep going out.

Let's go. The town that lived together. >> The town that lived together from the book Outliers by Malcolm Gladwell. Startling quarry. Immigrant. Jean. Fatty. Physician. Neighboring. Show off. Take care not to conclude. What most of us believe is a simple story about the heart. Your genes and your plate decide your health.

It is a comfortable story with two things to blame. our parents and our food. [clears throat]

Malcolm Gladwell opens Outliers with a small quarry town in Pennsylvania that refused to fit that story.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Do most of us believe our genes and plate decide our health?

Yes. What most of us believe is that our genes and our plate decide our health. Does Gladwell open outliers with a big city or a small quarry town?

He opens Outliers with a small quarry town in Pennsylvania. What two things does the comfortable story let us blame?

It lets us blame our parents and our food. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Rosettto was built by immigrants from a village of the same name in southern Italy who came to work in nearby slate quaries.

One summer, a local doctor told a visiting physician, Stuart Wolf, that he rarely saw heart disease in Rosettans under 65.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. Was Rosettto built by immigrants from Italy?

Yes. Rosettto was built by immigrants from a village in southern Italy. Did they come to work in slate quaries or on farms? They came to work in nearby slate quaries. What did the local doctor tell the visiting physician?

He rarely saw heart disease in Rosettans under 65. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. The physician was curious enough to investigate. His team gathered death certificates, medical records, and blood tests from almost the whole town.

The result was startling. Heart attacks, then the leading killer of middle-aged American men, had almost disappeared among Rosettto's men under 55.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. Was the physician curious enough to investigate? Yes, the physician was curious enough to investigate. Was the result boring or startling? The result was startling. What had almost disappeared among Rosettto's men under 55.

Heart attacks had almost disappeared among Rosettto's men under 55. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. Naturally, the researchers looked for the obvious causes. Perhaps the town ate an unusually healthy diet.

It did not. Many families cooked with heavy animal fat and ate plenty of fatty meat. And a good number of the men smoked.

Speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did the town eat an unusually healthy diet? No. Many families ate plenty of fatty meat. Did families cook with heavy animal fat or with very little fat? Many families cooked with heavy animal

fat. What did the researchers look for first? Naturally, the researchers looked for the obvious causes. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Perhaps it was their genes. Yet, immigrant relatives who had settled elsewhere in America showed no such protection.

Perhaps it was the region. The neighboring towns in the same valley had perfectly ordinary rates of heart disease.

>> Now test yourself. Were the neighboring towns in the same valley? Yes, the neighboring towns were in the same valley. Did the neighboring towns have low rates or ordinary rates of heart disease? The neighboring towns had perfectly ordinary rates of heart disease. Why could it not be their genes?

Because immigrant relatives who had settled elsewhere showed no such protection. >> Nice one. Let's continue. So the easy explanations failed. What the researchers found instead was harder to measure. The way people lived together.

Grandparents, parents, and children shared one roof. Neighbors stopped in the street to talk and cooked for one another in their gardens.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Did the easy explanations work?

No, the easy explanations failed. Was what the researchers found easy or harder to measure? What the researchers found instead was harder to measure. What was it that the researchers found instead? What they found was the way people lived together. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now, listen and let's continue.

In a town of about 2,000 people, there were more than 20 community clubs. And wealthy families took care not to show off.

Nobody in Rosettto was left alone with their troubles for long. It was this closeness, the researchers concluded, that protected them.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Did wealthy families show off? No. Wealthy families took care not to show off. Were there more than 20 clubs or only two? There were more than 20 community clubs. What was it that protected them? The researchers concluded.

It was this closeness, the researchers concluded, that protected them. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Then comes a second startling chapter of the story that almost nobody tells.

As younger families moved into bigger, more private houses and lived more like the neighboring towns, Rosettto's advantage slowly faded.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Is there a second startling chapter to the story?

Yes, there is a second startling chapter that almost nobody tells. Did Rosetta's advantage glow or slowly fade? Rosettto's advantage slowly faded. How did younger families start to live?

They lived more like the neighboring towns in bigger more private houses. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Later researchers have questioned whether the evidence was strong enough to conclude so much. A small town is a small sample.

So take care not to read this as a medical promise. It is no reason to ignore your doctor or to live on fatty food.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Is this story a medical promise?

No. Take care not to read it as a medical promise. Is a small town a big sample or a small sample? A small town is a small sample. What have researchers questioned?

They have questioned whether the evidence was strong enough to conclude so much. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> What the story does offer is an observation worth taking seriously. The people around you shape your life more than you think.

They shape your habits, your stress, what you consider normal, and how quickly you recover when life knocks you down.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Do the people around you shape your life?

Yes. The people around you shape your life more than you think. Do they shape only your habits or your stress too?

They shape your habits, your stress, and what you consider normal. What is it that the story does offer?

What the story does offer is an observation worth taking seriously. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Some learners worry they are stuck because nobody around them lives in English.

You do not need to move to a village in Pennsylvania. What you need is a few people who pull you forward instead of holding you back.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Do you need to move to a village in Pennsylvania?

No, you do not need to move to a village in Pennsylvania. Do you need people who pull you forward or hold you back?

What you need is a few people who pull you forward. Why do some learners worry they are stuck? Because nobody around them lives in English. >> Now this is the last part. Let's bring it home. It might be one study partner who meets you twice a week, never tries to show off, and refuses to let you switch back

to Arabic.

If your circle feels thin right now, that is fine. Circles are built one conversation at a time and yours can start this week.

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. Does a good study partner try to show off?

No. A good study partner never tries to show off. Does your study partner let you switch to Arabic or refuse?

Your study partner refuses to let you switch back to Arabic. How are circles built? Circles are built one conversation at a time.

The grammar we practice today, cleft sentences. What most of us believe is a simple story about the heart. Your genes and your plate decide your health. What the researchers found instead was harder to measure. The way people lived together. It was this closeness, the researchers concluded, that protected them. What the story does offer is an

observation worth taking seriously. The people around you shape your life more than you think. Congratulations. You practiced 517 words in this story and you learned a lot. Awesome. A full story in English. That's a huge huge achievement. Great job.

checklist.

Let's jump into the story above her level. above her level from the book The Checklist Manifesto by Atal Gawande. Bulldozer Assign is conclusion devastation. Initiative empower headquarters procedure tear through. A bulldozer rolls into a ruined supermarket. The woman driving it is not the owner, and nobody at headquarters has told her to do this.

The town is Waveland on the Mississippi coast. It is late August 2005. And Hurricane Katrina has just torn through it.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Does the woman driving the bulldozer own the supermarket?

No, the woman driving the bulldozer is not the owner. Has headquarters told her to do this or has nobody? Nobody at headquarters has told her to do this. What has just torn through waveand? Hurricane Katrina has just torn through it. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> The devastation is everywhere. Houses have been swept off their

foundations. Roads are blocked. Phones are dead. And families have no clean water.

Her store has flooded, too. [gasps] Its aisles are thick with mud and seaater, and most of what was on the shelves is ruined.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Is the devastation everywhere?

Yes. The devastation is everywhere. Are the store's aisles clean or thick with mud? Its aisles are thick with mud and seawater. What happened to the houses? Houses have been swept off their foundations. Okay, now listening mode. >> She is Jessica Lewis, one of the store's managers. No procedure covers devastation like this.

So she takes the initiative. She clears a path through the aisles and her team pulls out whatever is still dry and safe.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Is there a procedure for devastation like this?

No, no procedure covers devastation like this. Does she wait for orders or take the initiative? She takes the initiative. What does her team pull out? Her team pulls out whatever is still dry and safe. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Water, food, and basic supplies go out into the car park free to anyone who

needs them.

She also opens the store's locked pharmacy and sends medicines to the local hospital, which has almost nothing left.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Are the supplies sold to people?

>> No, they go out free to anyone who needs them. Does she send the medicines to the hospital or keep them? She sends medicines to the local hospital. What does she open? She opens the store's locked pharmacy. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. She is giving the company's goods away to strangers on nothing but her own

judgment. Had she waited for permission, those medicines might have stayed locked away.

Meanwhile, at headquarters, the head of the whole company, Lee Scott, had already sent a message down the chain.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? Had she waited, might the medicines have stayed locked away?

Yes. Had she waited for permission, those medicines might have stayed locked away. Is she acting on orders or on her own judgment? She is acting on nothing but her own judgment. Where had Lee Scott sent his message from

at headquarters? Lee Scott had already sent a message down the chain. Good job. Let's continue the story. >> He told managers the company would respond at the level of the disaster and many would have to decide above their level.

His instruction was simple. Make the best decision you can with the information you have and above all do the right thing.

Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the questions. Did he tell managers to wait for orders?

No. He said many would have to decide above their level. Was his instruction complicated or simple? His instruction was simple. Do the right thing. What did his instruction say above all? Above all, do the right thing. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. Empowered by that message, managers across the region did exactly that. And trucks of

water and food rolled toward the coast the storm had torn through.

In many places, those trucks arrived days before the government's own help.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Were the managers empowered by the message?

Yes. Empowered by that message, managers did exactly that. Did the trucks arrive before or after the government's help.

In many places, they arrived days before the government's own help. Where did the trucks roll?

They rolled toward the coast. The storm had torn through. >> Nice one. Let's continue. One local leader told a national television audience that had the government responded like the company, they would not be in this crisis.

The famous name in this story is a giant retailer. The real hero is a woman almost nobody outside Waveland had heard of.

>> Did that make sense? Now let's check. >> Had the government responded like the company, would they be in this crisis?

No. Had the government responded like the company, they would not be in this crisis. Is the real hero a giant retailer or a woman?

The real hero is a woman. almost nobody outside Waveland had heard of. Who told a national television audience this one local leader told a national television audience, >> "Great job. Now, back to the story." >> Still, she was not acting alone. The message from the top backed exactly this kind of initiative.

Atal Gawandi tells this in the checklist manifesto in a chapter about problems too complex for any single expert to control.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Was she acting alone?

No, the message from the top backed exactly this kind of initiative. Does Gowande tell this in the checklist manifesto or another book? Atal Gawande tells this in the checklist manifesto. What are the problems in that chapter too complex for? They are too complex for any single expert to control. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep

moving. >> His conclusion surprised me. In a real crisis, the answer is not tighter central control, but clear goals and freedom at the edges.

Trust people to act fast for others. Empower them with a clear purpose and they will often see what the people of the top cannot.

>> All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. In a crisis, is the answer tighter central control?

No. The conclusion is clear goals and freedom at the edges. Should we control people or empower them with a clear purpose? Empower them with a clear purpose. What will empowered people often see? They will often see what the people of the top cannot. >> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next part. Should you find yourself waiting

for permission, notice how often it is already there, hidden inside the purpose.

A classmate is struggling before an exam. A new colleague is lost on the first day. Nobody has assigned you to help and no procedure tells you to.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Should you find yourself waiting, is permission already there?

Yes, it is often already there hidden inside the purpose. Has somebody assigned you to help or nobody? Nobody has assigned you to help. What does no procedure tell you? No procedure tells you to help. >> And now the big finish. >> Tomorrow, choose one of those moments and act before anyone assigns it.

Share your notes. Explain the task. Send the message.

You do not need a bulldozer. You only need to reach one conclusion. Doing the right thing is already within your level.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> Do you need a bulldozer? No, you do not need a bulldozer. Should you act before or after anyone assigns it? Act before anyone assigns it.

What one conclusion do you need to reach? Doing the right thing is already within your level.

The grammar we practice today, conditionals without if. Had she waited for permission, those medicines might have stayed locked away. One local leader told a national television audience that had the government responded like the company, they would not be in this crisis. Should you find yourself waiting for permission, notice how often it is

already there, hidden inside the purpose.

Congratulations You practiced 515 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's awesome. congratulations and let's keep going influence.

Let's get us started with the story the small essay. >> The small essay from the book influence by Robert B. Chelini. Captor cooperate unsettling. Brainwashing voluntary consistency mechanism voyage disturbing live up to. Picture a few handwritten pages. An essay by an American soldier held in a prison camp during the Korean War.

In careful sentences, the essay says that his own country has serious problems and that communism has certain advantages.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Was the essay written by an American soldier?

Yes, it was an essay by an American soldier held in a prison camp. Were the pages typed or handwritten? They were a few handwritten pages. What does the essay say about his own country?

It says that his own country has serious problems. >> Now, back to the story. >> His reward for winning the camp's essay contest was tiny, perhaps a little fresh fruit. And nobody forced him to write it, at least not openly.

After the war ended in 1953, American officials faced a disturbing puzzle about essays like this and the men who wrote them.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Was his reward for winning the contest large?

No, his reward was tiny. Perhaps a little fresh fruit. Was the puzzle comforting or disturbing? American officials faced a disturbing puzzle. When did the war end? The war ended in 1953. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Compared with earlier wars, remarkably few prisoners had tried to escape, and many had cooperated with their capttors

in some way.

Some had even informed on fellow prisoners, something rare among American captives before.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Did many prisoners cooperate with their capttors?

Yes, many had cooperated with their capttors in some way. Had many prisoners tried to escape or remarkably few. Remarkably few prisoners had tried to escape. What had some prisoners even done? Some had even informed on fellow prisoners. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Think for a moment. How do you persuade thousands of trained

soldiers to work quietly against their own side?

The obvious answer is force, beatings, threats, and some dark technique that newspapers of the time were calling brainwashing.

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Is force the obvious answer? Yes, the obvious answer is force. Were newspapers calling it brainwashing or training?

Newspapers of the time were calling it brainwashing. What were the soldiers persuaded to do? They were persuaded to work quietly against their own side. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Not convinced by that answer, a young psychologist, Edgar Shine, interviewed returning prisoners on their voyage home.

What he heard on that voyage and what other researchers found was quieter and far more unsettling than torture.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. Not convinced by the answer, did Shine interview the prisoners?

>> Yes. Not convinced by that answer, Edgar Shine interviewed returning prisoners. Did he interview them in a camp or on their voyage home? He interviewed them on their voyage home. What was far more unsettling than torture?

What he heard on that voyage was far more unsettling than torture. >> Nice one. Let's continue. The captives began with requests so small that refusing seemed silly, such as writing that the United States was not perfect.

Almost anyone would agree. Then came a bigger request to list a few of those problems and sign your name underneath.

Okay, questions time. >> Did the capttors begin with big requests?

No, the captives began with requests so small that refusing seemed silly. Did prisoners first write that the country was perfect or not perfect? They wrote that the United States was not perfect. What was the bigger request?

The bigger request was to list a few problems and sign your name. >> Okay. Okay, now listening mode. >> Having signed his list, a prisoner might then be asked to read it aloud to a discussion group or to expand it into a short essay.

Broadcast on the camp radio with the writer's name attached. The essays let everyone know exactly where he stood.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Having signed his list, might a prisoner read it aloud?

Yes. Having signed his list, a prisoner might read it aloud to a group. Were the essays broadcast on the camp radio or kept secret?

Broadcast on the camp radio. The essays let everyone know where he stood. What might a prisoner expand his list into? He might expand it into a short essay. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> That was the missing clue. Each step was small, apparently voluntary and public, and each one was

written down.

Having put his name to those words, the prisoner began to see himself differently as the kind of person who really held those views.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. Was each step written down? Yes, each one was written down. Having put his name to those words, did he stay the same or change?

Having put his name to those words, he began to see himself differently. What was the missing clue?

Each step was small, apparently voluntary, and public. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. Psychologists call this mechanism the pull of consistency. Once we commit to something in writing, we tend to act in line with it.

The prisoners who cooperated were not weak or foolish. They were human. And humans want their actions and their sense of self to match.

Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. >> Were the prisoners who cooperated weak?

No. The prisoners who cooperated were not weak or foolish. Do psychologists call this mechanism consistency or brainwashing?

Psychologists call this mechanism the [gasps] pull of consistency. What do humans want?

Humans want their actions and their sense of self to match. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> The unsettling answer. No brainwashing had broken them in one dramatic moment. Small commitments had slowly rebuilt how they saw themselves.

It is a disturbing story. Yet the same mechanism works just as powerfully for you when you choose your commitments on purpose.

Did that make sense? Now let's check. Had brainwashing broken them in one dramatic moment.

No. No. brainwashing had broken them in one dramatic moment. Is the answer comforting or unsettling? The answer is unsettling. What had slowly rebuilt how they saw themselves?

Small commitments had slowly rebuilt how they saw themselves. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Most learners never write down who they are trying to become. Their goals stay private and vague with nothing to live up to.

A voluntary written, even slightly public statement carries weight. It quietly asks you to live up to it.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Do most learners write down who they are trying to become?

No, most learners never write down who they are trying to become. Does a written statement carry weight or none?

A voluntary, written, even slightly public statement carries weight. What does a written statement quietly ask you? It quietly asks you to live up to it. And now the big finish >> tonight. Write one honest sentence in English that begins, "I am someone who," and end it with a habit you can keep.

Sign it. Put it where you will see it each morning and tell one of the people you spend most time with.

Then the people around you help hold you to it and consistency starts its slow work on you.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. >> Should you write your sentence in English?

>> Yes. Write one honest sentence in English. Should you hide the sentence or put it where you will see it? Put it where you will see it each morning. What starts its slow work on you? Consistency starts its slow work on you.

The grammar we practice today, advanced participle clauses. Not convinced by that answer, a young psychologist, Edgar Shine, interviewed returning prisoners on their voyage home. Having signed his list, a prisoner might then be asked to read it aloud to a discussion group or to expand it into a short essay broadcast on the camp radio with the

writer's name attached. The essays let everyone know exactly where he stood. Having put his name to those words, the prisoner began to see himself differently as the kind of person who really held those views.

Congratulations. You practiced 518 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Well done. And here's the thing. You are constantly learning something new. You're learning how to think in an ambitious way.

And that's amazing.

I want you to listen to what happened. Let's go.

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Let's get it started with the new story. The Clean Car. >> The Clean Car from the book The Tipping Point by Malcolm Gladwell. Fair dodging, cosmetic, vandal, symbolic, disorder, aging, unsafe, dispute, barrier, incharge. New York, 1984. A subway train pulls into the station and every surface inside and out is covered in spray paint.

The aging system carries millions of people a day and it is collapsing. Trains break down, fires start on the tracks and passengers feel unsafe.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. Is the train covered in spray paint?

Yes. Every surface inside and out is covered in spray paint. Do passengers feel safe or unsafe? [snorts] Passengers feel unsafe. What is happening to the aging system? The aging system is collapsing. All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> A new president arrives to run it.

David Gun is an experienced railway manager and he has a huge budget to rebuild the system.

Experts urge him to start with the big things. Broken tracks, failing signals, crime. The graffiti, they say, is cosmetic.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. Does David Gun have a small budget?

No, he has a huge budget to rebuild the system. Do experts call the graffiti serious or cosmetic?

The experts say the graffiti is cosmetic. What do the experts urge him to start with?

They urge him to start with the big things. Tracks, signals, crime. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> He disagrees. The graffiti was symbolic of the collapse of the system, he later said. His

thinking follows a theory called broken windows. Visible disorder tends to invite more disorder because it signals that nobody is in charge.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Does visible disorder tend to invite more disorder?

>> Yes. Visible disorder tends to invite more disorder. Does he agree or disagree with the experts? He disagrees. What was the graffiti symbolic of? He said the graffiti was symbolic of the collapse of the system. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> So the first goal is not a faster train.

The first goal is a clean one.

He starts with a single line, then another, and sets a rule that sounds almost stubborn. Once a car is clean, it stays clean.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Is the first goal a faster train? No. The first goal is a clean one. Does he start with every line or a single line? He starts with a single line then another. What is his stubborn rule?

Once a car is clean, it stays clean. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> At the end of each run, the cars are checked. A car with fresh paint is cleaned at once or taken out of service.

A painted car is never allowed to mix with clean ones. Vandals must never see their work carried through the city.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. Can a painted car mix with clean ones? [clears throat] No. A painted car is never allowed to mix with clean ones. Is a painted car cleaned at once or next month?

A car with fresh paint is cleaned at once. What must vandals never see? Vandals must never see their work carried through the city. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> In a trainyard in Harlem, a group of teenagers spends three nights painting one car in careful detail.

The cleaners wait for the vandals to finish. Then they roll fresh paint over the whole thing. And the work never carries a passenger.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Do the teenagers spend three nights painting one car?

>> Yes. They spend three nights painting one car. Do the cleaners stop the vandals or wait for them to finish? The cleaners wait for the vandals to finish. What do the cleaners do then? They row fresh paint over the whole thing. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story.

It is slow, dull, patient work. Month after month, line after line, the paint comes off and does not come back.

May 1989, the last graffiti covered car is taken out of service. The trains are clean.

Now the goal changes. The next target is fair dodging. People jumping the barriers instead of paying.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Is the work fast and exciting?

>> No, it is slow, dull, patient work. Is the next target graffiti or fair dodging? The next target is fair dodging. What are people jumping instead of paying? People are jumping the barriers instead of paying. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. 1990, a new transit police chief goes after

fair dodging at the barriers, and a surprising number of those arrested turn out to be wanted or armed.

Through the '9s, crime on the subway and then across the city falls.

>> Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Does the police chief go after fair dodging at the barriers?

Yes, he goes after fair dodging at the barriers. Does crime rise or fall through the '9s? Crime falls dramatically through the '9s. What do many of those arrested turn out to be?

A surprising number turn out to be wanted or armed. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. In the tipping point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that these small signals helped tip the city toward order.

The clean trains were arguably only one cause. Other researchers dispute his emphasis, crediting a stronger economy, an aging population, and more police.

Okay, questions time. >> Were the clean trains arguably the only cause

No, the clean trains were arguably only one cause. Do other researchers agree with Gladwell or dispute his emphasis? Other researchers dispute his emphasis. What do other researchers credit?

They credit a stronger economy, an aging population, and more police. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> What nobody disputes is what riders saw. The trains appeared to have someone in charge and no longer felt unsafe.

Fix the small signs and big things tend to follow because the small signs tell everyone including you what standard lives here

speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Did the trains appear to have someone in charge?

Yes. The trains appear to have someone in charge. Do big things tend to follow small signs or stay the same?

Fix the small signs and big things tend to follow. What does nobody dispute? Nobody disputes what Ryder saw. >> Now back to the story. Your study life has its own graffiti. Unanswered messages, a cluttered desk, the lesson you skipped that nobody noticed.

Each one looks cosmetic, yet each one is symbolic. It quietly tells you that nobody is in charge of your learning.

>> Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Does your study life have its own graffiti?

Yes, your study life has its own graffiti. Is each one cosmetic or symbolic?

Each one looks cosmetic yet each one is symbolic. What does each one quietly tell you? It tells you that nobody is in charge of your learning. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> Start the way the subway did with one clean car. One desk, one habit, one standard you

keep every day.

When it slips, clean it before it runs again. Never let a painted day ride alongside the clean ones.

One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Should you start with every habit at once?

No. Start with one clean car, one desk, one habit, one standard. When it slips, should you clean it or leave it? When it slips, clean it before it runs again. What should never ride alongside the clean ones?

A painted day should never ride alongside the clean ones.

The grammar we practice today, hedging. His thinking follows a theory called broken windows. Visible disorder tends to invite more disorder because it signals that nobody is in charge. The clean trains were arguably only one cause. What nobody disputes is what riders saw. The trains appeared to have someone in charge and no longer felt unsafe.

Fix the small signs and big things tend to follow because the small signs tell everyone including you what standard lives here.

Congratulations. You practiced 512 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's amazing. If you notice something,

and you're doing it at the same time. That's such a great accomplishment. Originals.

Let's get started with the story. As big as the PC. As big as the PC from the book originals by Adam Grant. Redesign speculate thrill commuter pavement patrol. Nowhere near hype. Certainty celebrated. Imagine a machine that reads your balance. Lean forward and it rolls forward along the pavement. Lean back and it gently

slows, then stops.

In 2001, that machine was surrounded by more hype than almost any invention, and almost nobody had actually seen it.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Does the machine row forward along the pavement? When you lean forward.

Yes. Lean forward and it rolls forward along the pavement. In 2001, was the machine surrounded by hype or by silence?

by hype. It was surrounded by more hype than almost any invention. How many people had actually seen the machine? Almost nobody had actually seen it. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. Its inventor Dean Cayman was a brilliant engineer with a long record of genuinely useful medical devices behind him.

Before the launch, a few people were allowed to try prototypes and some of the most celebrated judges of technology fell in love. Awesome. [laughter]

Now it's speaking turn. >> Was the inventor a brilliant engineer?

Yes, Dean Cayman was a brilliant engineer with a long record of useful medical devices. Did these celebrated judges hate the prototypes or fall in love?

They fell in love. Some of the most celebrated judges of technology fell in love. What were a few people allowed to try before the launch? They were allowed to try prototypes. Now, back to the story. Steve Jobs reportedly called it as big a deal as the PC and other famous names agreed.

John Dur, one of Silicon Valley's best known investors, speculated that it could well matter even more than the internet.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Did Dur speculate that it could well matter more than the internet?

Yes. He speculated that it could well matter even more than the internet. Did Jobs compare it to the PC or to the phone?

To the PC. He reportedly called it as big a deal as the PC. who speculated about the internet. John Dur, one of Silicon Valley's best known investors. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Money followed the hype. Demand, the company believed, was bound to be enormous.

It prepared for tens of thousands of firstear sales.

Then the Segway reached real customers and they did not arrive in anything like the numbers everyone had imagined.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did the company believe demand was bound to be enormous?

Yes. Demand the company believed was bound to be enormous. Did money follow the hype or the evidence? The hype. Money followed the hype. What happened when the Segway reached real customers? They did not arrive in anything like the numbers everyone had imagined. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. Within its first two years, sales were

only around 6,000. Nowhere near the forecasts. [clears throat] Cities did not redesign themselves around it.

It found a place with tourists, warehouses, and security patrols. A clever patrol vehicle, however, is nowhere near a revolution.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Did cities redesign themselves around the segue?

>> No. cities did not redesign themselves around it. Were sales near the forecasts or nowhere near them?

Nowhere near. Sales were only around 6,000 in the first two years. Where did the Segue find a place?

It found a place with tourists, warehouses, and security patrols. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Originals opens a chapter with the uncomfortable question this raises. How could such experienced judges be so completely wrong,

bad luck, a high price, and unclear rules about riding on pavements may well have played a part.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Could unclear rules about pavements have played a part?

Yes. unclear rules about riding on pavements may well have played a part. Were the judges inexperienced or experienced?

Experienced. They were experienced judges and they were completely wrong. Which book opens a chapter with this question?

Originals opens a chapter with this uncomfortable question. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> The book points deeper. Their instincts had been trained on computers and software, a field where their confidence had genuinely been earned.

Personal transport was a different world with different customers, costs, and habits. And they carried that certainty into it without noticing the change.

>> Did that make sense? Now let's check. >> Had their instincts been trained on personal transport?

No, their instincts have been trained on computers and software. Did they notice the change or carry their certainty in without noticing?

They carried that certainty into it without noticing the change. Where had their confidence genuinely been earned

in computers and software where their confidence had genuinely been earned? >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Maybe the ride itself made it worse. Riding it for the first time was thrilling. And that thrill felt like information.

It replaced the harder questions nobody asked. Who needs this every day? Where would a commuter leave it? Would an ordinary commuter pay thousands for it?

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. Was riding it for the first time thrilling?

Yes, it was thrilling. And that thrill felt like information. [clears throat] Did the thrill feel like information or like a warning?

like information. That thrill felt like [clears throat] information. Which question about a commuter did nobody ask? Would an ordinary commuter pay thousands for it? >> Nice one. Let's continue. The irony is painful. [sighs] The people most celebrated for speculating about the future were the most excited, and their excitement made them less careful.

Excitement is not evidence. It tells you about the person feeling it and very little about the market, the student or the plan.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. were the most celebrated experts also the most careful?

No, they were the most excited and their excitement made them less careful. Does excitement tell you about the market or about the person feeling it?

about the person feeling it and very little about the market. Who were the most excited people? The people most celebrated for speculating about the future. Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> That matters because ambition runs on excitement. You need it to start. You cannot rely on it to decide.

Think of the last plan that made your heart race. A study method, a course, a business idea.

Here is where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. Can you rely on excitement to decide?

No, you need it to start and you cannot rely on it to decide. Does ambition run on excitement or on fear?

on excitement. Ambition runs on excitement. What kinds of plans might make your heart race?

Plans like a study method, a course, a business idea. All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> How much of your certainty came from the feeling and how much from people who had actually tried it and reported back.

Excitement is a fine starting signal. Before you commit, let a small test, not the feeling, close the investigation.

>> That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. Should the feeling close the investigation?

No. Let a small test, not the feeling, close the investigation. Should certainty come from the feeling or from people who tried it?

from people who had actually tried it and reported back, not the feeling. What is excitement good for? Excitement is a fine starting signal. And now the big finish. >> Before you redesign your whole week around a new routine, try it for two weeks. That trial will teach you more than a month of imagining.

Your next big idea is bound to feel thrilling. So ask, if this plan did not excite me at all, what evidence would I still need?

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. >> Should you redesign your whole week before a trial?

>> No. Try a new routine for two weeks before you redesign your whole week. Will a 2 week trial or a month of imagining teach you more?

The 2 week trial. It will teach you more than a month of imagining. How is your next big idea bound to feel? Your next big idea is bound to feel thrilling.

The grammar we practice today, modals of speculation. John Doer, one of Silicon Valley's best known investors, speculated that it could well matter even more than the internet. Demand, the company believed, was bound to be enormous. It prepared for tens of thousands of firstear sales. Bad luck, a high price, and unclear rules about riding on pavements may well

have played a part. Your next big idea is bound to feel thrilling.

Congratulations. You practiced 513 words in this story and you learned a lot. Honestly, well done. And uh this is the important thing. You you're you're improving your English. You're improving your mindset and that's going to make you a undestroyable man or or like undesirable guy. So that's amazing. [laughter] The obstacle is the way.

Oh my god. Obstacles.

That's an amazing concept. Let's get started with the story. The School of Panic. >> The School of Panic. From the book, The Obstacle is the Way by Ryan Holiday. Bookkeeper, composure, temperament, victim, rumor, merchant, schooling, restructuring, uncertain, set aside. At 16, he walked from office to office in Cleveland for weeks until a small trading firm hired him to

keep its books.

At 18, before he had any money worth losing, the whole American economy began to come apart around him.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Did a small trading firm hire him to keep its books?

Yes. A small trading firm hired him to keep its books. Was he 16 or 18 when the economy began to come apart?

18. At 18, the whole American economy began to come apart around him. How long did he walk from office to office?

He walked from office to office in Cleveland for weeks. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Many older merchants around him were frightened and with reason. It was the panic of 1857.

Banks failed, firms closed, and merchants who had seemed permanent and wealthy were ruined, sometimes within weeks.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Were the older merchants around him calm?

No. Many older merchants around him were frightened and with reason. Was it the panic of 1857 or a small local problem? It was the panic of 1857. What happened to merchants who had seemed permanent? They were ruined sometimes within weeks. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> The young bookkeeper was John D.

Rockefeller and his humble position gave him an unusual seat for watching a disaster.

He did not own the business. He recorded it line by line, seeing exactly where money came from and went.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. Was the young bookkeeper John D. Rockefeller?

Yes. The young bookkeeper was John D. Rockefeller. Did he own the business or recorded?

He recorded it. He did not own the business. He recorded it line by line. What did his humble position give him?

It gave him an unusual seat for watching a disaster. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Around him, traders seem to be reacting to every rumor, selling in fear, and making choices they would regret for years.

He did something else. He studied the crisis as if it were a lesson prepared for him, noticing which habits failed and which held.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did the traders seem to be reacting to every rumor?

Yes. Traders seem to be reacting to every rumor, selling in fear. Did he panic with the traders or study the crisis? He studied the crisis as if it were a lesson prepared for him. What did he notice while he studied the crisis? He noticed which habits failed and which held. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep

moving. >> He seems to have noticed that the survivors were rarely the boldest firms. More often they had money set aside and leaders who kept their heads.

He also appears to have seen how quickly fear can spread and how much people lose when they act before they understand.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now, it's over to you to answer them. Does he seem to have noticed that the boldest firms survived?

No. He seems to have noticed that the survivors were rarely the boldest firms. Did survivors spend everything or have money set aside?

They had money set aside and leaders who kept their heads. What does he appear to have seen about fear? He appears to have seen how quickly fear can spread. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Maybe it was his temperament. He was a quiet, careful young man. Maybe it was his seat at the ledger.

Most likely both.

Either way, the panic seems to have trained a composure in him that stayed for the rest of his working life.

>> Now test yourself. Was he a quiet, careful young man?

Yes. Maybe it was his temperament. He was a quiet, careful young man. Was it his temperament or his seat at the ledger?

Huh? Most likely his temperament and his seat at the ledger. What does the panic seem to have trained in him? The panic seems to have trained a composure in him. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> Later, crises came as they always do. When times turned uncertain, people around him again rushed to act at the

worst moment.

By then he had finished that hard schooling. Where others saw only danger, he kept his composure long enough to see clearly.

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Did people around him stay calm when times turned uncertain?

No. When times turned uncertain, people around him rushed to act at the worst moment. Did he lose his composure or keep it?

He kept his composure long enough to see clearly. What had he finished by then? By then he had finished that hard schooling. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. His later business empire raises hard questions and that part of his life is not worth copying here.

What is worth copying is the apprentichip. A teenager treating the worst year around him as his most important classroom.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Is his later business empire worth copying here?

No, that part of his life is not worth copying here. Is the empire or the apprentichip worth copying? The apprenticeship is worth copying. How did the teenager treat the worst year around him? He treated it as his most important classroom. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of

the story. A crisis is a school if you stay californium. Panic makes you a victim of the lesson. Calm makes you its student.

Your crises will be smaller and more personal, which makes them even easier to waste.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Does panic make you a victim of the lesson?

Yes. Panic makes you a victim of the lesson. Calm makes you its student. Will your crisis be bigger or smaller and more personal?

smaller and more personal, which makes them even easier to waste. When is a crisis a school?

A crisis is a school if you stay calm. >> That was amazing. Now let's continue and enjoy the story. >> A failed exam, a rejected application, a restructuring that makes your job uncertain, or a month when nothing works. [clears throat]

In those moments, people will offer you panic and rumors for free and insist that you react immediately.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Can a restructuring make your job uncertain?

Yes, a restructuring can make your job uncertain. Will people offer you calm or panic and rumors? panic and rumors for free. What will people insist that you do? They will insist that you react immediately. >> Now, back to the story. >> Take the bookkeeper's seat instead. Watch carefully. Write down what is really happening and ask what it is

teaching you.

Which mistakes cost the most? Which habits held up? What would you set aside in money or time before the next restructuring?

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Should you take the bookkeeper seat?

Yes. Take the bookkeeper's seat instead and watch carefully. Should you react fast or write down what is really happening?

Write down what is really happening. and ask what it is teaching you. What could you set aside before the next restructuring?

You could set aside money or time before the next restructuring. And now the big finish. >> So, how old are you? Whatever the number, you are probably older than he was when his hard schooling began.

That is no reason for regret. Whatever your temperament, you already carry experiences waiting to be studied, not simply survived.

The next bad week will come. walk into it the way he did. Not as a victim, but as a student with a notebook.

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. Are you probably older than he was when his schooling began?

Yes. Whatever the number, you are probably older than he was. Should you walk into a bad week as a victim or a student? as a student with a notebook the way he did. What do you already carry? Whatever your temperament, you already carry experiences waiting to be studied.

The grammar we practice today, perfect and continuous infinitives. Around him, traders seem to be reacting to every rumor, selling in fear, and making choices they would regret for years. He seems to have noticed that the survivors were rarely the boldest firms. He also appears to have seen how quickly fear can spread and how much people lose

when they act before they understand. Either way, the panic seems to have trained a composure in him that stayed for the rest of his working life.

Congratulations. You practiced 514 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> See, that wasn't hard.

This is amazing. Let's keep it up. influence.

Let's jump into the story. The man in the gray coat. The man in the gray coat from the book Influence by Robert B. Chaldini. Obedience, conscience, deceive, decent, tremble, distressed, cruelty, strap, voltage, psychiatrist. Look at this machine. A long row of switches runs across its front with labels climbing from slight shock to danger, severe shock.

It stood in a laboratory at Yale University built for an experiment by a young psychologist named Stanley Mgrim.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Do the switch labels climb from slight shock to severe shock?

Yes. The labels climb from slight shock to danger. Severe shock. Did the machine stand in a hospital or a laboratory at Yale? In a laboratory at Yale University. Who built the experiment? A young psychologist named Stanley Mgrim. Now back to the story. >> Volunteers answered a newspaper advertisement for a study on memory and

each was given the role of teacher.

In the next room, strapped to a chair, sat the learner. The instructions demanded that every wrong answer be punished with a stronger shock.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. Was the learner strapped to a chair?

Yes. In the next room, strapped to a chair, sat the learner. Did the instructions demand that wrong answers be forgiven or punished?

punished. The instructions demanded that every wrong answer be punished with a stronger shock. What role was each volunteer given? Each was given the role of teacher. Good job. Let's continue the story. >> As the voltage rose, the learner complained, then shouted, then begged to be released. Finally, he fell silent.

When a teacher hesitated or trembled, a calm man in a gray lab coat said, "The experiment requires that you continue.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Did the learner fall silent as the voltage rose?

>> Yes. He complained, shouted, begged, and finally fell silent. Did the man in the coat require that the teacher stop or continue?

Continue. He said the experiment requires that you continue. What did a teacher sometimes do before the man spoke? A teacher hesitated or trembled. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Now make a guess. How many ordinary people would keep raising the voltage to the last switch? 450 volts.

Most of us answer quickly. Almost nobody. Psychiatrists asked in advance agreed, predicting perhaps one in a thousand.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Did the psychiatrists expect many people to go to 450 votes?

>> No. They predicted perhaps one in a thousand. Do most of us answer almost everybody or almost nobody?

Almost nobody. Most of us answer quickly. Almost nobody. Who was asked in advance? Psychiatrists were asked in advance and they agreed. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. In the version that made Mgrim famous of 40 ordinary men from the area, the real answer was two out of three.

Let that settle. The psychiatrists were wrong by a mile. Two out of three went all the way, distressed, trembling, some laughing nervously.

Okay, questions time. Were the psychiatrists right?

No, the psychiatrists were wrong by a mile. Were the teachers calm or distressed and trembling? Distressed and trembling, some were laughing nervously. How many of the 40 men went all the way? Two out of three went all the way. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Here is the missing clue.

The teachers were deceived. The man strapped to the chair was an actor and there were no real shocks.

So why did decent people continue? Was it secret cruelty? Later versions of the experiment point to something else. Obedience.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Were the teachers deceived?

Yes, the teachers were deceived. The man strapped to the chair was an actor. Were decent people secretly cruel or obedient?

Later versions point to obedience, not secret cruelty. Were there any real shocks? No, there were no real shocks. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. In one version, the roles were reversed. The man in the coat said, "Stop." While the learner demanded that the shocks go on.

Every teacher stopped. The cruelty had never belonged to them. The obedience belonged to the coat, the title, and the calm voice.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Did the learner demand that the shocks go on?

Yes. The man in the coat said stop while the learner demanded that the shocks go on. Did the teachers obey the learner or stop? Every teacher stopped. What did the obedience belong to?

It belonged to the coat, the title, and the calm voice. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> In another, two other teachers secretly act as two refused to go on. Almost everyone else refused with them.

That detail matters as much as the famous result. Authority pushed people forward. The people beside them could pull them back to their conscience.

Now test yourself. >> Did almost everyone else refuse with them? >> Yes, almost everyone else refused with them. Did authority pull people back or push them forward?

Authority pushed people forward. The people beside them could pull them back. Where could the people beside them pull them back to? back to their conscience. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Question authority when it asks you to do wrong. Respect for teachers, managers, and

experts is healthy until it replaces your conscience.

The study has its own critics. The volunteers were deceived and many were deeply distressed which would not be allowed today.

Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the questions. >> Is respect for experts always healthy?

No, it is healthy until it replaces your conscience. Would the study be allowed today or not? Not today. It would not be allowed today. Why does the study have critics?

The volunteers were deceived and many were deeply distressed. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Still, its warning has survived because it keeps coming true in offices, hospitals, and classrooms wherever people stop thinking and simply follow.

You will rarely face a switch marked danger. The pressure is usually smaller. Sign this. Copy that. Stay quiet. Everyone does it.

Did that make sense? Now let's check. Will you often face a switch marked danger?

No, you will rarely face a switch marked danger. Is the pressure usually bigger or smaller?

Smaller. Sign this. Copy that. Stay quiet. Everyone does it. Where does the warning keep coming true? In offices. hospitals and classrooms. >> Now, story is calling us. Let's continue. Picture a new trainee, a decent person, whose manager asks her to change a date on a report while three colleagues look away.

It is vital that each of us decide in advance where the line is. One person who refuses can give everyone else permission to refuse.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. Is the trainee a decent person?

Yes, she is a new trainee, a decent person. Is it vital that we decide our line in advance or in the moment?

in advance. It is vital that each of us decide in advance where the line is. What can one person who refuses give everyone else? Permission to refuse. Now, this is the last part. Let's bring it home. So carry one question this week into class, into work and into every group you belong to.

If someone you respect asked you to cross your own line, what would you say? And would you be the first to say it?

One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Should you carry this question into class and work?

Yes. Carry one question this week into class, into work, and into every group. Would you be the first to say it or the last?

That is the question. Would you be the first to say it? What might someone you respect ask you to Christ?

Someone you respect might ask you to cross your own line.

The grammar we practice today, the subjunctive. The instructions demanded that every wrong answer be punished with a stronger shock. When a teacher hesitated or trembled, a calm man in a gray lab coat said, "The experiment requires that you continue." >> The man in the coat said, "Stop." while the learner demanded that the shocks go

on. It is vital that each of us decide in advance where the line is.

>> Congratulations. You practiced 512 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Let's pause for a second. You finished another story and you learned a new lesson. You learned a new way of thinking and that's amazing. So, let me stop you here for a second. people who have

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Good to great.

Alhamdulillah. Let's jump into the story, The Long Game. >> The Long Game from the book Good to Great by Jim Collins. Fundamentals. Fundamentals. Fundamentals. Fundamentals. Fundamentals. Fundamentals. Fundamentals on behalf of fundamentals. Fundamentals. In an office at Gillette's Boston headquarters, a soft-spoken executive sat by the telephone with a long list of shareholders.

He was calling them personally one by one, politely asking them not to sell the company out from under him.

No one answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Was the executive calling shareholders personally?

Yes, he was calling them personally one by one. Was he asking them to sell the company or not to sell it?

Not to sell it. He was politely asking them not to sell the company. Where did the softspoken executive sit? He sat by the telephone in an office at Gillette's Boston headquarters. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> His name was Coleman Mockler, the chief executive of Gillette. And if a single word described him,

it was patience.

Mockler was no showman. Colleagues described him as quiet and courteous, a man who rarely raised his voice.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Was Mocka a showman? No. Mockler was no showman. Did colleagues describe him as loud or quiet and courteous? Quiet and courteous. A man who rarely raised his voice. What single word described him? If a single word described him, it was

patience. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Beneath that gentleness lay stubborn determination and a belief that Gillette's future depended on years of patient work on better razors.

work like that is slow and expensive and it tests investors who would rather have their rewards now.

Okay, questions time. Did stubborn determination lie beneath his gentleness?

Yes. Beneath that gentleness lay stubborn determination. Is that work quick and cheap or slow and expensive? Slow and expensive. And it tests investors. What did Gillette's future depend on?

It depended on years of patient work on better razors. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Then the test arrived. A powerful investor named Ronald Perelman made the first of several bids to buy the company. His

offers promised shareholders a quick, handsome profit, and many were tempted to take the money and walk away.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. Were many shareholders tempted to take the money?

Yes. Many were tempted to take the money and walk away. Did Perman make one bid or several?

Several. He made the first of several bids to buy the company. What did his offers promise shareholders? A quick handsome profit. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Mocker's answer was a steadfast refusal to sell. He kept his team on the razors. Sure, the company was worth far more than any quick price.

In 1988, another group of investors bought a large stake and their demand for a vote aimed to fill the board with people ready to sell.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Was Mockler's answer a steadfast refusal to sell?

Yes. Mockler's answer was a steadfast refusal to sell. Did their demand for a vote aimed to keep the board or change it?

Change it. Their demand for a vote aimed to fill the board with people ready to sell. When did another group of investors buy a large stake

in 1988, another group of investors bought a large stake. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. That was when the phone calls began on behalf of the company. He and his team made a courteous case to shareholders for the long game.

The closeness of the vote was painful. He won by a narrow margin and the company stayed in the hands of its builders.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. Did he make a courteous case on behalf of the company?

Yes. On behalf of the company, he and his team made a courteous case. Did he win by a wide margin or a narrow margin?

a narrow margin. The closeness of the vote was painful. Who stayed in control of the company? The company stayed in the hands of its builders. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. Consider how easy the other path would have been. Selling would have pleased shareholders overnight and ended years of pressure.

Instead, he returned to the slow work on the fundamentals. In 1990, Gillette launched Infos, a razor many years in development.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Would selling have pleased shareholders overnight?

Yes, selling would have pleased shareholders overnight. Did he sell or return to the slow work on the fundamentals?

He returned to the slow work on the fundamentals. What did Gillette launch in 1990?

In 1990, Gillette launched services, a razor many years in development. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> It was a huge success. Customers loved it. Profits climbed. And critics who had doubted his patience quietly changed their minds.

He had little time to enjoy it. His death from a heart attack came in January 1991, barely a year after sensors launch.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Was sensor a huge success?

Yes, it was a huge success and profits climbed. Did his death come long after Sensor's launch or barely a year after?

Barely a year after his death came in January 1991. What did the critics who doubted his patience do? They quietly changed their minds >> now. Story's calling us. Let's continue. >> He did not live to see most of what his long game produced, and nobody can say what those years of pressure cost him.

What we can say is that the steadfast patience he defended outlived him and the company kept building on what he had protected.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Did he live to see most of what his long game produced? No. He did not live to see most of it. Did his patients die with him? or outlive him?

It outlived him. The steadfast patience he defended outlived him. What did the company keep building on? It kept building on what he had protected. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Shareholders who stayed with him beat the takeover price by a wide margin.

Jim Collins, who studied him for good to great, saw a rare mix of personal humility and fierce determination on behalf of the company.

Awesome. without speaking turn. >> Did shareholders who stayed beat the takeover price?

Yes, they beat the takeover price by a wide maria. Did Collins see pride or humility and fierce determination?

humility and fierce determination on behalf of the company who studied him for good to great. Jim Collins studied him for good to great. >> That was amazing. Now let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Patience of this kind is not passivity. It is focus. Saying no again and again to every offer that would tempt you off course.

Language learning tests the same focus. Shortcuts promise quick results. Real fluency is built slowly over seasons and outlives them.

>> Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. Is patience of this kind passivity?

No. Patience of this kind is not passivity. It is focus. Is real fluency built quickly or slowly over seasons?

slowly over seasons and it outlives the shortcuts. What do you say no to to every offer that would tempt you off course? Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. If you are still working on the fundamentals while others chase fast tricks, that is not passivity

and you are not falling behind.

You are protecting your long game as a quiet man. No showman once did with a phone list. Slow is not the same as stuck.

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. Are you falling behind if you work on the fundamentals?

No, you are not falling behind. You are protecting your long game. Is slow the same as stuck or different? Different slow is not the same as stuck. Who once protected his long game with a phone list? A quiet man, no showman, once did it with a phone list.

The grammar we practice today, nominalization. Mockler's answer was a steadfast refusal to sell. In 1988, another group of investors bought a large stake, and their demand for a vote aimed to fill the board with people ready to sell. The closeness of the vote was painful. His death from a heart attack came in

January 1991, barely a year after sensors launch.

Congratulations. You practiced 519 words in this story and you learned a lot. Amazing. So you have listened, you understood and you spoke

and that's how we learn. Thinking fast and slow. Let's jump into the story. The Linda question. >> The Linda question from the book Thinking Fast and Slow by Daniel Carnean. Plausible, fallacy, probable, outspoken, conjunction, discrimination, teller, demonstration, activist, convincing. Here is a woman who does not exist. Read her description slowly because in a

moment you will make a simple judgment about her.

Linda is 31, single, outspoken, and very bright. At university, she studied philosophy.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Does the woman in the description really exist?

No. Here is a woman who does not exist. Is Linda quiet or outspoken?

outspoken. Linda is 31, single, outspoken, and very bright. What did she study at university? At university, she studied philosophy. All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> As a student, she cared deeply about discrimination and social justice and joined demonstrations against nuclear

weapons.

She was invented as a thought experiment by two psychologists Amoski and Daniel Carnean who studied how people judge chances.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Did she join demonstrations against nuclear weapons?

>> Yes, she joined demonstrations against nuclear weapons. Did she care about discrimination or about fashion?

about discrimination. She cared deeply about discrimination and social justice. Who invented Linda?

Two psychologists Amos Diverski and Daniel Carnean invented her as a thought experiment. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Now the question, which is more probable? Linda is a bank teller or Linda is a bank teller active in the women's rights movement.

Think for a moment before you answer. Picture her at the demonstrations outspoken against discrimination. sharp in every seminar.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Should you think for a moment before you answer?

Yes. Think for a moment before you answer. Does the question ask what is more probable or more exciting?

More probable. The question asks which is more probable. Where should you picture her?

Picture her at the demonstrations outspoken against discrimination. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. If you chose the second option, you are in large company. Most people who hear this description choose it without hesitation.

Stanford graduate students in decision science given a longer list to rank. did no better. Roughly 85% still ranked it as more likely.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Do most people choose the second option?

Yes. Most people who hear this description choose it without hesitation. Did the Stanford students do better or know better?

No better. Roughly 85% still ranked it as more likely. Who was given a longer list to rank?

Stanford graduate students in decision science. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> It feels obviously right. The second description is plausible. It fits Linda the activist, while the first sounds like a dull stranger who wandered into her story.

Nevertheless, the second answer cannot be the more likely one. Every bank teller in the women's movement is first of all a bank teller. Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Is the second description plausible?

Yes. The second description is plausible. It fits Linda the activist. Is the second answer more likely or not more likely?

Not more likely. Nevertheless, the second answer cannot be the more likely one. What is every bank teller in the women's movement? First of all,

every bank teller in the women's movement is first of all a bank teller. >> That was amazing. Now let's continue and enjoy the story. >> The tellers who are also activists sit entirely inside the larger group of all tellers. Hence the smaller group can never be bigger.

Consequently, adding a detail can only keep the chance the same or make it smaller, however perfectly the detail fits.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Can the smaller group ever be bigger?

No. Hence, the smaller group can never be bigger. Does adding a detail raise the chance or keep it the same or smaller?

Consequently, adding a detail can only keep the chance the same or make it smaller. Where do the tellers who are also activists sit?

They sit entirely inside the larger group of all tellers. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. >> So why do clever people get it wrong? When we judge chances, our minds often measure how good a story sounds instead of how probable it is.

The more details match, the more plausible the picture becomes. And plausibility quietly takes the place of logic.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Do clever people get it wrong? Yes, clever people get it wrong. Do our minds measure how probable it is or how good a story sounds?

How good a story sounds instead of how probable it is. What quietly takes the place of logic? Plausibility quietly takes the place of logic. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> The psychologists called this the conjunction fallacy and Carnean gives it a whole chapter in thinking fast and slow.

One famous scientist wrote that a little voice in his head kept jumping up and down, insisting she could not simply be a bank teller.

All right, time to prove you're focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Did the psychologists call this the conjunction fallacy? Yes, they called this the conjunction fallacy. Does Carnean give it one line or a whole chapter? A whole chapter in thinking fast and slow. What did the little voice in the scientist's head insist?

It insisted she could not simply be a bank teller. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. A good story can fool your logic. And the better the story, the more easily the fooling happens.

Your English plans can fall into the same fallacy. A detailed plan usually feels more convincing than a vague one.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Can a good story fool your logic?

Yes, a good story can fool your logic. Does a detailed plan or a vague one feel more convincing?

A detailed plan usually feels more convincing than a vague one. What can fall [clears throat] into the same fallacy? Your English plans can fall into the same fallacy. >> Now stories calling us. Let's continue. I will study every morning before work, finish two textbooks, read the news without a dictionary, and set the exam

next spring.

Every detail makes that plan sound more real. Each one however is another conjunction another condition that must go right. Thus the whole becomes less likely.

>> Okay. Questions time. Does every detail make the plan sound more real? Yes. Every detail makes that plan sound more real. Does the whole plan become more likely or less likely?

less likely. Each detail is another condition. Thus, the whole becomes less likely. When does the plan say you will study? I will study every morning before work. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> This does not mean you should stop planning. Notice when a plan persuades you with its details instead of its evidence.

Find the detail a busy week will break first and build a backup now. A shorter version you can manage on a bad day.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Should you stop planning? >> No. This does not mean you should stop planning. Does the plan persuade you with details or with evidence?

Notice when a plan persuades you with its details instead of its evidence. What should you build now? A backup, a shorter version you can manage on a bad day. >> Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. >> Nonetheless, the ambitious plan can

stay. It simply grows stronger once you stop mistaking how vivid it feels for how likely it is.

So when a plan feels brilliant, don't ask how convincing it sounds. Ask how likely each separate part really is.

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. >> Can the ambitious plan stay?

>> Yes. Nonetheless, the ambitious plan can stay. Should you ask how convincing it sounds or how likely each part is? Ask how likely each separate part really is. When does the plan grow stronger?

It grows stronger once you stop mistaking how vivid it feels for how likely it is.

The grammar we practice today formal discourse markers. Nevertheless, the second answer cannot be the more likely one. The tellers who are also activists sit entirely inside the larger group of all tellers. Hence, the smaller group can never be bigger. Consequently, adding a detail can only keep the chance the same or make it

smaller, however perfectly the detail fits. Each one, however, is another conjunction, another condition that must go right. Thus, the whole becomes less likely.

Congratulations, you practiced 522 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Okay.

So if you think about it, you're learning very key lessons that are going to improve your your your whole mindset. That's amazing. Tipping point. It's very nice.

Let's jump into the story. The map on the last page. >> The map on the last page from the book The Tipping Point by Malcolm Gladwell. Booklet. vivid follow through intention. Arguably, embarrassingly injection intend procrastinate. Picture a small booklet on a desk at Yale University in the 1960s. Its subject is tetanus, a dangerous infection that can enter

through a cut.

A psychologist named Howard Levventhal wanted to know whether a booklet like this could persuade students to get a free injection.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Was the booklet about tetanus?

Yes. Its subject is tetanus, a dangerous infection that can enter through a cut. Was the booklet on a desk at Yale or in a hospital? It was on a desk at Yale University. What did Levthal want students to get?

He wanted a booklet to persuade students to get a free injection. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Some students received a frightening version full of vivid photographs. Others received a calmer version with plain facts.

Afterwards, almost everyone agreed the danger was real. They understood it and they fully intended to get the injection.

every sentence. Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Did the frightening version have vivid photographs? Yes, it was full of vivid photographs. Did the karma version have photographs or plain facts? The karma version had plain facts. What did the students intend to do? They fully intended to get the injection. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue

and enjoy the story. >> About a month later, the researchers checked the records. Only 3% of the students had actually followed through and gone to the health center.

Think for a moment before you read on. Intentions were high and the injection was free. So what was stopping them? Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Did most students follow through. No, only 3% had actually followed through. Was the injection free or expensive? The injection was free. What did the researchers check a month later? They checked the records. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.

>> The obvious answer is fear. Perhaps the calm booklet was too gentle and the students needed a stronger shock.

That answer turned out to be wrong. The frightening version did change how worried students felt, yet barely changed what they did.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did the frightening version change how worried students felt?

Yes, it did change how worried students felt. Did it change their worry or what they did?

It did change their worry, yet barely changed what they did. What was the obvious answer? The obvious answer was fear. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> So, Levventhoral tried something almost embarrassingly small. He added one page to the booklet and left the warning exactly as it was.

The new page held a map of the campus with the health building circled and the times when injections were available. [clears throat]

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. Was Levventhal's change embarrassingly small?

Yes. He tried something almost embarrassingly small. Did he add one page or 10 pages? He added one page to the booklet. What did the new page show?

It held a map of the campus with the health building circled. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> This time, 28% of the students got the shot. The warning had not grown louder. The path had become visible.

Here is the strange part. These were senior students, so most of them almost certainly did know where the health center was.

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Did the students know where the health center was? >> Yes. Most of them almost certainly did know. Did 3% or 28% get the shot this time? This time 28% got the shot. What had become visible? The path had become visible. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.

>> The map taught them nothing new. What it did do arguably was turn a vague intention into a concrete plan for a particular afternoon.

Malcolm Gladwell uses this experiment in the tipping point to show how a tiny change in presentation can make a message stick.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Did the map teach them anything new? >> No, the map taught them nothing new. Was the plan for a particular afternoon or for next year? It was a concrete plan for a particular afternoon. What did the map arguably do?

Arguably, it did turn a vague intention into a concrete plan. >> Now, back to the story. It would be easy to conclude that most of those students simply did not care enough about their own health.

The Yale students did care and they did intend to go. What they lacked was a vivid picture of themselves walking through one particular door.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Did the Yale students care? >> Yes, the Yale students did care. Did they intend to go or to stay away? They did intend to go. What did they lack?

They lacked a vivid picture of themselves walking through one particular door. Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Make the first step easy and clear, and you may find that motivation was never the real problem.

Your English plans arguably look like the first booklet, full of good reasons. Perhaps even a little fear about an exam.

>> Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Should the first step be easy and clear? Yes. Make the first step easy and clear. Do your plans look like the first booklet or the map? They arguably look like the first booklet. What are your English plans full of?

They are full of good reasons. Perhaps even a little fear about an exam. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> What they may be missing is the map. Which book? Which page? Which chair? And exactly when you will begin.

So try a small experiment this week. Take one goal you have been procrastinating on and add a single page to it.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Are your plans missing the map? >> Yes. What they may be missing is the map. Do you add a single page or a whole book? You add a single page to it. Which goal do you take? Take one goal you have been

procrastinating on. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. On that page, write the place, the time, and the very first action as precisely as the circle on that campus map. [clears throat]

It may look embarrassingly small. At 9 tonight at the kitchen table, you play the first track and repeat the opening sentences.

All right, time to prove you're focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Do you write the place and the time on that page?

Yes. You write the place, the time, and the very first action. Is it at 9 tonight or [clears throat] at 9 tomorrow? It is at 9 tonight at the kitchen table. How may the plan look? It may look embarrassingly small. And now the big finish. >> Then watch the next few days and count how often you actually begin

instead of procrastinating.

One circled building helped a quarter of those students follow through. One circled hour might do the same for you.

Here's the last questions. I want you to give them everything you've got. Do you count how often you begin?

Yes. You count how often you actually begin instead of procrastinating. Did a circled building or a louder warning help them follow through?

One circled building helped a quarter of those students follow through. What might do the same for you?

One circled hour might do the same for you.

The grammar we practice today, emphatic do, did the frightening version did change how worried students felt, yet barely changed what they did. These were senior students, so most of them almost certainly did know where the health center was. What it did do arguably was turn a vague intention into a concrete plan for a

particular afternoon. The Yale students did care and they did intend to go.

Congratulations. You practiced 510 words in this story and you learned a lot. Awesome. A full story in English.

That's a huge, huge achievement. Great job. Ego is the enemy. for

words.

Let's jump into the story. The second chair. >> The second chair from the book Ego is the Enemy by Ryan Holiday. Humiliation, despair, vanity, glory, resent, applaud, sideline, reinforcements, overestimate, devastating. two generals, one war. History remembers the first by name and the second mostly as his partner.

The first became commander of all the Union armies and later president of the United States. His name was Ulisses S. Grant.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Does history remember the first general by name?

Yes, history remembers the first by name. Did the first general become president or a judge?

He became commander of all the Union armies and later president. What was the first general's name? His name was Ulisses S. Grant. Here's odd. Now let's come to the next part. >> This story belongs to the man standing slightly behind him who, strange as it seems, deliberately chose the second chair.

In 1861, as the Civil War began, he was a former officer with every reason to want a grand command.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Did the second man deliberately choose the second chair?

Yes. Strange as it seems, he deliberately chose the second chair. Was he a former officer or a former teacher?

He was a former officer with every reason to want a grand command. When did the Civil War begin? The Civil War began in 1861. Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Capable as he was, he asked for something unusual. He wanted a supporting role and he left believing he had been promised one.

The promise did not hold.

In Kentucky, his commander soon stepped aside. The top job fell to him, and under enormous pressure, his nerves began to fail. Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Did he ask for a grand command?

>> No. Capable as he was, he asked for a supporting role. Did the promise hold or did it fail? The promise did not hold. What happened in Kentucky?

The top job fell to him. And under enormous pressure, his nerves began to fail. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> He overestimated the enemy, demanded impossible numbers of reinforcements, and sank into despair. Newspapers called him insane.

He was relieved of command and sidelined, a deep humiliation for a proud soldier. And his career looked finished before it had begun.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Did he overestimate the enemy?

>> Yes. He overestimated the enemy and sank into despair. Did newspapers call him insane or brave? Newspapers called him insane. What was it for a proud soldier to be sidelined?

It was a deep humiliation for a proud soldier. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Most people after such a humiliation would spend the war repairing their reputation and grabbing every chance for glory.

He did something quieter. As Grant prepared to attack Fort Donaldelsson, this officer hurried supplies and reinforcements to him.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Did he grab every chance for glory? No. He did something quieter. Did he send Grant reinforcements or complaints? Supplies and reinforcements to him. What would most people do after such a humiliation?

They would spend the war repairing their reputation and grabbing every chance for glory. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Close in date as their commissions were, he wrote that he would gladly serve without raising any question of rank.

A few months later, after a devastating battle at Shiloh, Grant was criticized, sidelined, and ready to leave the army.

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Were their commissions close in date?

Yes. Close in date as their commissions were, he wrote that he would gladly serve. Was the battle at Shiloh devastating or easy? It was a devastating battle. What happened to Grant after Shiloh?

Grant was criticized, sidelined, and ready to leave the army. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Into Grant's camp came the man who knew that kind of despair from the inside, and he talked Grant out of quitting.

The officer the papers had written off was William Tecumpsa Sherman. And for the rest of the war, he was Grant's most trusted partner.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. Did he talk Grant out of quitting? Yes, he talked Grant out of quitting. Did a stranger come into Grant's camp or the man who knew despair?

Into Grant's camp came the man who knew that kind of despair. Who was the officer the papers had written off?

The officer the papers had written off was William Tecumpsa Sherman. Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> The two men relied on each other almost completely and together they helped bring a devastating war closer to its end. Years later, when admirers urged him to run for president, he refused firmly, wanting no part of political glory.

Okay, questions time. Was the war devastating? Yes, it was a devastating war. Did he want political glory or no part of it? He wanted no part of political glory. What did admirers urge him to do? They urged him to run for president. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> In Ego is the enemy. Ryan Holiday holds

him up as ambition without vanity. A man who wanted the result more than the credit.

Being second can be a strength. The second chair lets you learn, support a better plan, and survive failures that would destroy a star.

every sentence. Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Does Holiday show him as ambition without vanity?

Yes. Holiday holds him up as ambition without vanity. Did he want the result or the credit? He wanted the result more than the credit. What can being second be? Being second can be a strength. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> It also demands courage because few people applaud the person who makes someone else's success

possible.

Of course, his story is not an argument for hiding forever. In time, he led enormous campaigns of his own.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Do many people applaud the person in the second chair?

No, few people applaud the person who makes someone else's success possible. Did he hide forever or lead campaigns of his own? In time he led enormous campaigns of his own. What does the second chair also demand? It also demands courage. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story.

>> He simply did not overestimate the front seat. did not demand it before he was ready, and did not resent the man sitting in it.

In your own work, you may be the one behind someone else, an assistant, a junior teacher, the colleague who quietly prepares everything.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did he resent the man in the front seat? No, he did not resent the man sitting in it. Did he demand the front seat early or wait until he was ready? He did not demand it before he was

ready. Who may you be in your own work? You may be the one behind someone else. >> Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. >> Serve that person well instead of resenting them. Learn without envy or vanity and give your best work before asking

who gets the credit.

Two generals, one war. History tends to remember and applaud the first. And yet the second helped make the first possible and grew stronger by choosing to.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. >> Should you resent the person in front of you?

>> No. Serve that person well instead of resenting them. Does history applaud the first general or the second? History tends to remember and applaud the first. What did the second general do by choosing to?

The second helped make the first possible and grew stronger by choosing to.

The grammar we practice today, fronting for emphasis. This story belongs to the man standing slightly behind him, who, strange as it seems, deliberately chose the second chair. Capable as he was, he asked for something unusual. Close in date as their commissions were, he wrote that he would gladly serve without raising any question of rank.

Into Grant's camp came the man who knew that kind of despair from the inside, and he talked Grant out of quitting.

Congratulations. You practiced 516 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's awesome.

Congratulations and let's keep going.

Just just listen to what happened.

Fore

level up.

reading materials, writing

while speaking, Shakespeare

in general.

WhatsApp.

No, writing.

Step by step. Alhamdulillah.

Reading

materials.

Awesome.

[laughter]

Yeah. WhatsApp.

for

the emotional intelligence. Oh. >> [laughter]

>> All that needs.

Now the next door. The Next Door from the book Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Gman. Pessimist. Optimism. Accurate. Questioner. Salesperson. Applicant. Tenacity. Charm. Hopeless. Turn away. No. No. Thank you. Not interested. >> No. For a new salesperson, those words can arrive a dozen times before lunch.

Decades ago, Metropolitan Life, one of America's largest insurance companies, had an expensive problem with those words

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Does a new salesperson hear no many times?

Yes, those words can arrive a dozen times before lunch. Was Metropolitan Life an insurance company or a bank? It was one of America's largest insurance companies. What problem did the company have? It had an expensive problem with those words. Now back to the story. >> Its salespeople were turned down constantly and it kept hiring new

recruits, most of whom quit within a few years. [gasps]

The company already screened every applicant with a standard test meant to pick people who would succeed. Still, the quitting went on.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Did most new recruits stay?

No. It kept hiring new recruits, most of whom quit within a few years. Did it screen every applicant with a standard test or an interview? It screened every applicant with a standard test. How often were its salespeople turned down? Its salespeople were turned down constantly. >> Nice one. Let's continue. So it turned to a psychologist Martin

Celigman who had spent years studying why some people give up and others keep going.

Seligman had noticed that people explain bad events in very different ways, and those explanations shape what they do next.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Was Martin Celigman a psychologist?

Yes. The company turned to a psychologist, Martin Seligman. Did he study why people give up or why people get rich?

He studied why some people give up and others keep going. What shapes what people do next?

Their explanations of bad events shape what they do next. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> A pessimist hears a rejection and tells himself he is hopeless at this. It will always be like this and it ruins everything.

An optimist hears the same rejection and tells himself, "The customer was busy. It was one call and the next may go differently. Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Does the pessimist tell himself he is hopeless?

Yes. He tells himself he is hopeless at this. Does the optimist blame himself or say the customer was busy? He tells himself the customer was busy. What does the optimist think about the next call? The next may go differently. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> He built a questionnaire to measure this

habit. The company gave it to thousands of new hires, all of whom also took the standard test.

The company then took a risk. Among the new hires was a special group, all of whom had failed its standard test.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Did Seligman build a questionnaire?

>> Yes, he built a questionnaire to measure this habit. Did the special group pass or fail the standard test?

It was a special group all of whom had failed its standard test. Who took the questionnaire?

The company gave it to thousands of new hires, all of whom also took the standard test. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Normally, such applicants would have been turned away. They were hired anyway because the questionnaire rated them as

strong optimists.

The old test said these people would fail. The questionnaire said they would keep knocking however many doors closed. Which was more accurate?

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Were such applicants normally hired?

No. Normally such applicants would have been turned away. Did the questionnaire rate them as optimists or pessimists? It rated them as strong optimists. What did the questionnaire say?

It said they would keep knocking however many doors closed. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> The results came in over 2 years. In their first year, that special group outsold the pessimists by 21%.

In their second year, the gap had grown to 57%. Optimism, not the old test score, had kept them on the road.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did the special group out sell the pessimists?

>> Yes. That special group outsold the pessimists by 21%. Did the gap grow or shrink in the second year?

The gap had grown to 57%. What had kept them on the road?

optimism not the old test score had kept them on the road. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> The difference was not charm or product knowledge. It was tenacity born of what happened inside each person after yet another door closed.

Every no sounded the same, whatever a person's charm. What changed was the story each person told himself about it afterwards.

That's amazing. Now we want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Was the difference charm?

>> No, the difference was not charm or product knowledge. Was it tenacity or luck? It was tenacity. What changed for each person?

What changed was the story each person told himself afterwards. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Optimism in this sense is not pretending things are fine. It is refusing to turn one rejection into a verdict on your future.

Selidman argued that this habit can be learned. You catch the explanation, question it, and replace it with a more accurate one.

Okay, questions time. >> Is optimism pretending things are fine? No, optimism is not pretending things are fine. Can this habit be learned or is it fixed? Seligman argued that this habit can be learned. What do you replace the explanation with? You remove it with a more accurate one. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.

>> Optimism keeps you going after rejection. And that tenacity is what eventually produces the Yes.

English brings small rejections, most of which feel personal. The listener who switches languages, the examiner who does not smile. The score just short.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Does tenacity produce the Yes.

Yes. That tenacity is what eventually produces the yes. Does the examiner smile or not? The examiner does not smile. What does English bring?

English brings small rejections, most of which feel personal. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> The pessimist inside you turns each one into a life sentence. My accent is hopeless. I will never be fluent. Picture

yourself tomorrow just after one of those moments. The conversation went badly and you feel that familiar sinking.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Does the pessimist inside you turn each rejection into a life sentence?

Yes. The pessimist inside you turns each one into a life sentence. Did the conversation go well or badly? The conversation went badly. What do you feel after that moment? You feel that familiar sinking. Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's

continue. >> This time you rewrite the sentence. That conversation was hard. It was only one conversation. And I know which phrase to practice tonight.

Then you do what those salespeople did. You do not turn away. You walk to the next door, take a breath, and speak again.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. >> Do you turn away?

>> No, you do not turn away. You walk to the next door. Do you rewrite the sentence or repeat it? This time you rewrite the sentence. What do you do at the next door like those salespeople? You take a breath and speak again. [snorts]

The grammar we practiced today, relatives with quantifiers. Its salespeople were turned down constantly and it kept hiring new recruits, most of whom quit within a few years. The company gave it to thousands of new hires, all of whom also took the standard test. Among the new hires was a special group, all of whom had failed its standard

test. English brings small rejections, most of which feel personal. The listener who switches languages. The examiner who does not smile. The score just short.

Congratulations. You practiced 516 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Well done. And here's the thing. You are constantly learning something new. You're learning how to think in an ambitious way.

And that's amazing. Thinking fast and slow. Let's jump into the story. Landed dice. Loaded dice from the book Thinking Fast and Slow by Daniel Carnean. anchoring, immune, seasoned, comforting, arbitrary, bias, respectable, deliberately, advertisement, measurement. Most of us hold a comforting belief experience protects experts from silly megs. A seasoned judge surely cannot be moved

by nonsense.

We love this belief because it is comforting and we depend on it. We want the doctor, the pilot and the judge to be steadier than we are.

Now we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Is the belief about experts comforting?

Yes, most of us hold a comforting belief. In this belief, does experience protect experts or make them careless?

In this belief, experience protects experts from silly mistakes. Why do we love this belief? We love it because it is comforting and we depend on it. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now >> in thinking fast and slow. Daniel Connean describes an experiment that quietly breaks this belief.

German researchers led by Berta English recruited seasoned judges whose average experience on the bench was more than 15 years.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Were the judges seasoned?

Yes, the researchers recruited seasoned judges. Did the judges have more than 15 years or less than five? Their average experience was more than 15 years. Who led the German researchers? Beer English led the German researchers. Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Each judge read the case of a woman caught shoplifting.

It was an ordinary case, the kind they handled regularly.

The next instruction was odd. Before deciding anything, each judge had to roll a pair of dice.

>> Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Was the case unusual?

No, it was an ordinary case, the kind they handled regularly. Did each judge roll dice or flip a coin? Each judge had to roll a pair of dice. What was the case about? It was the case of a woman caught shoplifting. >> That [clears throat] was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story.

>> The judges did not know the dice were deliberately loaded. Every roll came out as either a three or a nine.

Then the judge was asked whether the woman deserved more or less than that many months in prison.

>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Did the judges know the dice were loaded?

No, they did not know the dice were deliberately loaded. Did every roll come out as a three or a nine or as a six? Every role came out as either a three or a nine. What was the judge asked?

The judge was asked whether the woman deserved more or less than that many months. >> Okay, now listening mode. Finally, each judge wrote down the exact sentence they would give her.

The dice had nothing to do with the law, the woman, or the crime, and every judge knew it, having rolled them by hand.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did the dice have anything to do with the law? >> No. The dice had nothing to do with the law. Did the judges roll the dice by hand or watch someone else? They rolled them by hand.

What did each judge write down?

Each judge wrote down the exact sentence they would give her. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Yet, however arbitrary the number was, it followed them. Those who rolled a nine gave on average about 8 months. Those who rolled a three gave about five.

Pause on that. An arbitrary number from a roll of dice moved a professional decision about a person's freedom by several months.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Did the arbitrary number follow them?

Yes. However arbitrary the number was, it followed them. Did the nine group give about eight months or about five? Those who rolled a nine gave about 8 months. What did an arbitrary number move?

It moved a professional decision about a person's freedom by several months. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Psychologists call this bias anchoring. Any number in your mind when you estimate becomes a starting point and you are just away from it too little.

The judges were not careless. However seasoned they were, they simply could not feel the pull. And even people who know about anchoring rarely escape it.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Were the judges careless? No. The judges were not careless. Is anchoring a bias or a law? Psychologists call this bias anchoring. Why could the judges not escape it? However seasoned they were, they simply could not feel the pull. >> Now, back to the story.

>> The myth says experience makes us safe. The record says experience does not make us immune however many years we have served.

Much as we might wish otherwise, nobody is immune. The answer is to notice when a number arrived before your own thinking did. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. >> Does experience make us immune?

No. Experience does not make us immune. However many years we have served, is anybody immune or nobody? Much as we might wish otherwise, nobody is immune. What should you notice?

Notice when a number arrived before your own thinking did. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> A random number can steer an expert and the same bias can steer a learner judging his own progress.

Perhaps a friend scored very high on a test and ever since your own respectable score has felt like failure.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Can the same bias steer a learner?

>> Yes, the same bias can steer a learner judging his own progress. Did your friend score high or low? Your friend scored very high on a test. How has your own respectable score felt? Your own respectable score has felt like failure. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. Perhaps a teacher once placed you at a

certain level and you have measured every day of study against that label.

Perhaps an advertisement promised fluency in a few weeks. And now every honest month of work feels painfully slow.

Speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did an advertisement promise fluency in a few weeks?

Yes. An advertisement promised fluency in a few weeks. Did a teacher or a friend place you at a certain level? A teacher once placed you at a certain level. How does every honest month of work feel now? It feels painfully slow. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. The friends score,

the old label, the advertisement. Each is a pair of loaded dice, and none came from a measurement of your progress.

So before you judge where you stand, ask where your starting number came from. Evidence or someone else's role.

>> Okay. Speaking time. Speak your mind. Did the advertisement come from a measurement of your progress? No. None came from a measurement of your progress. Is the old label real evidence or a pair of loaded dice? Each is a pair of loaded dice. What should you ask before you judge? Ask where your starting number came

from. That's it. This is the last part of a story. Give it your best. >> Then set your own anchor deliberately. A real score from a real practice test taken by you on an ordinary day.

You are not behind a number somebody else rolled. You are where your last honest measurement says you are. And that is a respectable place to move from.

>> The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. Should you set your anchor deliberately?

Yes. Set your own anchor deliberately. Is your last honest measurement a respectable place or a failure? It is a respectable place to move from. Where does your real score come from?

It comes from a real practice test taken by you on an ordinary day.

The grammar we practice today, concessive clauses. Yet, however arbitrary the number was, it followed them. The judges were not careless. However seasoned they were, they simply could not feel the pull. And even people who know about anchoring rarely escape it. The record says experience does not make us immune. However many years we have

served much as we might wish otherwise, nobody is immune.

Congratulations. You practiced 514 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's amazing. If you notice something,

and you're doing it at the same time. That's such a great accomplishment. One of the most interesting books, Willpower,

willpower.

The willpower story totally new one. Shaving in the jungle. >> Shaving in the jungle from the book willpower by Roy F. Balmeister and John Tierney. Absurd, civilized, indispensable, razor, expedition, intact, starve, pointless, exhaustion, dishonest. It is just before dawn in the Ituri rainforest in the heart of Africa and the camp is silent

except for the rain.

The year is 1887. The men of the expedition are starving and sick. Some have run away and the forest seems endless.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're gonna hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Is the camp noisy?

>> No, the camp is silent except for the rain. Are the men starving or wellfed? The men of the expedition are starving and sick. What year is it? The year is 1887. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> They expected to cross it in about 2 months. It will take them closer to six.

In a tent at the center of the camp, a lamp is burning and the expedition's leader is doing something almost absurd.

Now test yourself. Will the crossing take 2 months? No, it will take them closer to six. Is the leader doing something ordinary or almost absurd?

The expedition's leader is doing something almost absurd. Where is the lamp burning? It is burning in a tent at the center of the camp. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Scrape. He is shaving carefully as he does every single day as if he were in a London hotel rather

than a starving camp.

His name is Henry Morton Stanley, a journalist turned explorer already famous across Europe.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Is he shaving?

Yes, he is shaving carefully as he does every single day. Is he in a London hotel or a starving camp?

He is in a starving camp shaving as if he were in a London hotel. Who is he?

His name is Henry Morton Stanley, a journalist turned explorer. >> Okay, now listening mode. Look closely at the razor and the bowl of water. There is no one to impress and no promise anyone will survive the weak.

To many of the men around him, such habits seem pointless, as if civilized life belonged to another world. Exhaustion has taken their energy.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Is there anyone to impress? No, there is no one to impress. Do his habits seem pointless or useful to the men? To many of the men, such habits seem pointless. How does civilized life seem to them? It is as if civilized life belonged to

another world. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> At the rear camp, far behind them, things are worse. The officers there have lost control, and discipline has slid into cruelty.

Stanley holds on to his routines as though nothing around him had collapsed. He shaves, writes in his journal, and keeps a strict order to each day.

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Are things better at the rear camp? >> No, at the rear camp things are worse. Does Stanley drop his routines or hold on to them?

Stanley holds on to his routines as though nothing had collapsed. What has discipline slid into? Discipline has slid into cruelty. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Much later, psychologists studying self-control would point to him as a clear example of willpower under extreme pressure.

Self-control, they argue, works somewhat like a muscle that tires with heavy use. A theory researchers still debate.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Do researchers still debate the muscle theory? >> Yes, it is a theory researchers still debate. Is self-control like a muscle or like a machine?

Self-control works somewhat like a muscle that tires with heavy use. What did psychologists see in him?

They would point to him as a clear example of willpower under extreme pressure. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Routines protect that energy. A man who shaves automatically does not have to decide each morning whether to keep his civilized self intact.

By turning small choices into habits, he saved his willpower for the decisions that truly mattered. And there were many.

>> A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. Does he have to decide each morning?

No. A man who shaves automatically does not have to decide each morning. Did he save his willpower for small choices or for decisions that mattered?

He saved his willpower for the decisions that truly mattered. What do routines protect? Routines protect that energy. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. He later wrote that self-control was more indispensable than gunpowder. A striking line from a man who traveled with armed men.

It would be dishonest to stop there. His expeditions were often brutal toward the Africans around them, and history judges that plainly.

>> Okay, questions time. >> Did he think self-control was indispensable?

Yes. He wrote that self-control was more indispensable than gunpowder. Would it be honest or dishonest to stop there? It would be dishonest to stop there. How were his expeditions toward the Africans around them? They were often brutal toward the Africans around them. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> This is not a portrait of a good man,

and pretending otherwise would be dishonest. It is a narrow look at one habit that held under pressure.

The expedition reaches the coast late in 1889, having lost a great many of its people along the way.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Is this a portrait of a good man? No, this is not a portrait of a good man. Does the expedition reach the coast in 1889 or in 1887?

It reaches the coast late in 1889. What did the expedition lose along the way? It lost a great many of its people along the way. >> Now, back to the story. >> Stanley comes out weak but intact. And in his own view, much of the [clears throat] credit belongs to the Dow, stubborn rules he never dropped.

What strikes me is how small, almost absurd, the rule was. Only a razor, a bowl of water, and a few quiet minutes.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Does Stanley come out intact?

Yes, he comes out weak but intact. Was the rule big and heroic or small and almost absurd?

The rule was small, almost absurd. What was the rule?

>> It was only a razor, a bowl of water, and a few quiet minutes. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Chaos rarely asks us for grand gestures. It asks whether we can make small promises when nobody is checking.

Your own jungle might be exam season, a new job, or a hard year at home.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. Does chaos ask us for grand gestures?

No. Chaos rarely asks us for grand gestures. Might your jungle be exam season or a holiday?

Your own jungle might be exam season, a new job, or a hard year at home. What does chaos ask?

It asks whether we can keep small promises when nobody is checking. >> That's it. This is the last part of the story. Give it your best. >> Everyone has a razor. One small indispensable act that says you are still yourself.

Perhaps it is 10 English words before breakfast. Done even when exhaustion argues.

It is time you found yours and kept it most carefully on the days it seems pointless.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. Do you do your small act even when exhaustion argues?

Yes, it is done even when exhaustion argues. Is it time you found yours or time you gave up? It is time you found yours. What does everyone have?

Everyone has a razor. One small indispensable act.

The grammar we practice today, unreal past. He is shaving carefully, as he does every single day, as if he were in a London hotel rather than a starving camp. To many of the men around him, such habits seem pointless, as if civilized life belonged to another world. Stanley holds on to his routines as

though nothing around him had collapsed. It is time you found yours and kept it most carefully on the days it seems pointless.

Congratulations. You practiced 515 words in this story. And you learned a lot >> honestly. Well done. And uh this is the important thing. You you're you're improving your English. You're improving your mindset and that's going to make you a undestroyable man or or like undesirable guy. So that's amazing. The 48 laws of power.

That's it.

Right.

laws of power. Let's jump into the story. The medicine of Medician stars. >> The Medician stars from the book The 48 Laws of Power by Robert Green. Petron, flattery, dedicate, tutor, overworked, long for scholar, border, telescope, incomplete. In January 1610 in the university town of Padua, a professor pointed a homemade telescope at Jupiter

and noticed tiny stars beside it.

Night after night he returned to the telescope and soon a fourth appeared. They moved, vanished, and came back, which ordinary stars simply do not do.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Did the professor point a homemade telescope at Jupiter?

Yes. A professor pointed a homemade telescope at Jupiter and noticed tiny stars beside it. Did a fourth star appear or did the stars stay the same?

A fourth appeared. They moved, vanished, and came back. Where did he return night after night? He returned to the telescope night after night. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Within weeks, Galileo Galile had worked it out. These were moons circling Jupiter, something no one had ever seen.

It was a discovery that was to change his life. Yet the man behind it could barely find time for research.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Was the discovery to change his life?

Yes, it was a discovery that was to change his life. Were these moons or ordinary stars? These were moons circling Jupiter. What could the man barely find time for? He could barely find time for research. >> Now you are warmed up. Now, let's keep moving. >> He was an overworked professor, teaching crowded classes and taking in borders to

stretch a modest salary.

What the overworked scholar longed for most was freedom. Time to observe, think and write without borders at his table.

Great speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. >> Was he an overworked professor?

Yes, he was an overworked professor teaching crowded classes. Did he take in borders or sell his telescope? He took in borders to stretch a modest salary. What did the overworked scholar long for most?

He longed for freedom. Time to observe, think and write. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. In his world, that freedom came from one place. A patron willing to pay for a scholar's work.

Imagine you are in his position. You hold the greatest discovery of your age and you get to name it.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did that freedom come from a pat?

Yes, that freedom came from one place. A patron willing to pay for a scholar's work. Do you hold a small discovery or the greatest discovery of your age? You hold the greatest discovery of your age. What do you get to do with it? You get to name it >> now. Story's calling us. Let's continue.

>> Do you name the moons after yourself so history remembers you or after the ancient gods as astronomers traditionally did?

Galileo did neither. He named them after the Medici, Tuskan's ruling family, calling them the Medician stars.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Did Galileo name the moons after himself?

>> No. Galileo did neither. He named them after the Medici. Did he name them after the ancient gods or after the Medi?

He named them after the Medi, Tuskan's ruling family. What did he call the moons? He called them the Medician stars. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> It was hardly a random choice. Years earlier, he had tutored the young Cosmo Deichi in mathematics, and Cosmo

was now Grand Duke.

He was about to publish the discovery in the starry messenger. He dedicated it to Cosimo with one moon for each of the four Medici brothers.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Had he tutored the young Cosimo?

Yes. Years earlier, he had tutored the young Cosmo in mathematics. Was he about to publish the discovery or about to hide it? He was about to pum it tessively in the starry messenger. Who did he dedicate it to?

He dedicated it to Cosimo with one moon for each of the four Meduchi brothers. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> The response came quickly. That same year, the man who had tutored a boy was to become chief mathematician and philosopher to that boy's court.

The post came with a generous salary and no teaching. In Florence, the freedom he had longed for finally arrived.

That's amazing. Now we want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Was he to become chief mathematician to the court?

Yes, he was to become chief mathematician and philosopher to that boy's court. Did the post come with teaching or with no teaching? The post came with a generous salary and no teaching. Where did the freedom he had longed for arrive?

In Florence, the freedom he had longed for finally arrived. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> Robert Green places this episode in the first law of the 48 laws of power. reading it as a masterclass in flattery.

In his reading, Galileo made his master shine and was rewarded for it. That reading is not wrong, though I suspect it is incomplete.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Does Green read it as a masterclass in flattery?

Yes, Green reads it as a master class in flattery. Is that reading wrong or is it incomplete? It is not wrong, though I suspect it is incomplete. What was Galileo rewranty for? >> He made his master shine and was rewarded for it. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> In fairness, when he named the moons,

the Medici were not yet paying him. They were to become his patrons only afterwards.

The dedication was partly a bid for their support. Yet the honor did not stop once the salary arrived.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Were the Medici paying him when he named the moons? No, the Medici were not yet paying him. Were they to become his patrons before or afterwards? They were to become his patrons only afterwards. What was the dedication

at least partly?

The dedication was partly a bid for their support. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> 20 years later, he dedicated his great dialogue to the next Grand Duke. Still naming the family that kept him working.

Behind almost every achievement stands someone who paid, taught, waited or believed. And such people are rarely mentioned.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. Did he dedicate his great dialogue to the next Grand Duke?

Yes. 20 years later, he dedicated his great dialogue to the next Grand Duke. Are such people often mentioned or rarely mentioned? Such people are rarely mentioned. Who stands behind almost every achievement.

Behind almost every achievement stands someone who paid, taught, waited, or believed. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Honoring the people who support your work is not weakness, and it is not flattery when it is true. It is simply accurate.

People who feel genuinely seen tend to keep supporting you.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Is honoring your supporters a weakness?

No. Honoring the people who support your work is not weakness. Is true praise flattery or is it simply accurate?

It is not flattery when it is true. It is simply accurate. What do people who feel genuinely seen tend to do? They tend to keep supporting you. Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. >> Think about your own English journey.

Any account of your progress that leaves out the people behind it is incomplete.

Perhaps a parent paying for your course, a teacher who stayed after class, or a friend who tested you before an exam

this week. Tell one of them exactly what they made possible. As Galileo kept a family's name on his work for life.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. Is an account that leaves out your supporters incomplete?

Yes. Any account of your progress that leaves out the people behind it is incomplete. Should you tell them this year or this week?

this week. Tell one of them exactly what they made possible. What did Galileo keep on his work for life?

Galileo kept a family's name on his work for life.

The grammar we practiced today, future in the past. It was a discovery that was to change his life. Yet the man behind it could barely find time for research. He was about to publish the discovery in the Starry Messenger. That same year, the man who had tutored a boy was to become chief mathematician

and philosopher to that boy's court. They were to become his patrons only afterwards.

Congratulations. You practiced 519 words in this story and you learned a lot. See, that wasn't hard.

This is amazing. Let's keep it up.

I want you to listen to what happened. Let's go.

for

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listening, reading, writing, speaking. AI

writing

writing. Janet

on listening,

speaking English, then

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listening speaking or writing. We talked about

Awesome.

It's something amazing. It's something totally crazy.

Super communicators. Social media

communicators. [clears throat] Communicator. Super communicators. Super communicators.

It's It's a very very nice book. Let's jump into the story The Question in the Jury Room. >> The Question in the Jury Room from the book Supercommunicators by Charles Duhig. Aquit unanimous. Jurro. Exception. Felon. Defendant. Sincere. Unlock. Forceful. Beside the point. 12 strangers sat around a table in a Wisconsin courthouse, and with the court's permission, a

camera recorded every word.

It was the 1980s and the recording gave the public one of its first real looks inside a jury room.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Did a camera record every word in the jury room?

Yes. With the court's permission, a camera recorded every word. Were there 12 strangers or 20 strangers at the table? 12 strangers sat around a table in a Wisconsin courthouse. What did the recording give the public?

It gave the public one of its first real looks inside a jury room. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> The case seems simple. The defendant, a felon with an old conviction, had bought a gun which the law said he could not own.

His defense claimed that he had bought it because he dreamed of becoming a private detective and believed a detective would need one

speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. Was the defendant a felon?

Yes. The defendant was a felon with an old conviction. Did his defense claim he wanted to hunt or to become a private detective?

His defense claimed that he dreamed of becoming a private detective. What had the defendant bought?

The defendant had bought a gun which the law said he could not own. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Some jurors insisted on applying the law to the letter with no exception. Others maintained that he had not understood what he was doing.

When they first voted, most wanted to acquit. Yet a few held firm, and each side kept repeating its arguments more loudly.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Did some jurors insist on applying the law with no exception?

Yes, some jurors insisted on applying the law to the letter with no exception. Did most jurors first want to acquit or to find him guilty? When they first voted, most wanted to acquit. What did the others maintain? Others maintained that he had not understood what he was doing. Good job. Let's continue the story.

>> What would you do at that table trying to bring 11 tired strangers to a unanimous decision?

Most of us reach for familiar tools. Stronger evidence, a more forceful voice, or an early vote to see who is winning.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Do you need a unanimous decision?

>> Yes. You are trying to bring 11 tired strangers to a unanimous decision. Do most of us reach for a forceful voice or a quiet question?

Most of us reach for familiar tools like a more forceful voice. Why do some people hold an early vote?

They hold an early vote to see who is winning. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Some people simply wait for the loudest voice to wear everyone else down as if the evidence were beside the point.

What moved the room in the end was not a more forceful argument. Some jurors stopped defending their own view and began asking about the doubters's view.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Was the evidence beside the point for the loudest voice?

Yes. They wait for the loudest voice as if the evidence were beside the point. Did a more forceful argument move the room? Or did asking?

It was not a more forceful argument. Some jurors began asking about the doubters's view. What did some jurors stop defending? Some jurors stopped defending their own view. Now stories calling us. Let's continue. One juror made a sincere request for a doubter to explain more. Another asked whether a good law could ever allow an exception.

Slowly the answers revealed something surprising. The jurors had not been having the same conversation at all.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. [clears throat] Let's go. >> Did one juror make a sincere request?

Yes. One juror made a sincere request for a doubter to explain more. Did another ask about an exception or about the prison?

Another asked whether a good law could ever allow an exception. What had the jurors not been having? [clears throat]

The jurors had not been having the same conversation at all. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. Much of the room was talking about justice and feelings, while the last hold out insisted on a practical question. What exactly does the law require?

Then someone met the hold out there asking whether the defendant had truly linked two facts. He was a felon and felons may not own guns.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Did the last hold out insist on a practical question?

Yes. The last hold out insisted on a practical question. Was the room talking about feelings or about money? Much of the room was talking about justice and feelings. Which two facts did the defendant have to link?

He was a felon and felons may not own guns. Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> The holdout conceded that this was the weakest point of the case and the next vote was unanimous. All 12 voted to acquit.

Whether you would agree with that verdict is beside the point. What changed was the quality of the conversation.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Did the hold out concede the weakest point?

Yes. The hold out conceded that this was the weakest point of the case. Was the next vote unanimous or split again?

The next vote was unanimous. All 12 voted to acquit. What changed in the room? What changed was the quality of the conversation. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> We like to believe disagreements are won by the strongest argument. More often, it seems they are unlocked by the right question.

A sincere question tells people their view is worth hearing and brings out what is really at stake for them.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Are disagreements more often unlocked by the right question?

Yes. More often it seems they are unlocked by the right question. Does a sincere question tell people their view is worthless or worth hearing?

A sincere question tells people their view is worth hearing. What do we like to believe about disagreements?

We like to believe disagreements are won by the strongest argument. Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Charles Duhig studies moments like this in Super Commmunicators, his book about why some people connect so easily.

He maintains that most discussions are practical, emotional or social and that people connect once they realize which kind they are having.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Does Doohig maintain that discussions can be practical?

Yes, he maintains that most discussions are practical, emotional or social. Do people connect once they realize the kind or once they win? People connect once they realize which kind they are having. What does Doohig study in super commmunicators?

Charles Doohig studies moments like this in super communicators. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Asking good questions is a skill, not a personality trait. And like your English, it improves with deliberate practice.

You will probably join a stuck group soon. A study team, a family decision, or a meeting that keeps repeating itself.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Is asking good questions a personality trait?

No, asking good questions is a skill, not a personality trait. Will you join a stuck group soon or never? You will probably join a stuck group soon. How does the skill improve? Like your English, it improves with deliberate practice. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it.

>> Next time a discussion goes in circles, try a small experiment. Ask one person what matters most to them and see what it can unlock.

Then listen to the whole answer without preparing your reply and notice what shifts in the room.

One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Can one question unlock a stuck discussion?

Yes. Ask one person what matters most to them and see what it can unlock. Should you prepare your reply or listen to the whole answer?

Listen to the whole answer without preparing your reply. What should you notice? Notice what shifts in the room.

The grammar we practice today, advanced reporting verbs. His defense claimed that he had bought it because he dreamed of becoming a private detective and believed a detective would need one. Some jurors insisted on applying the law to the letter with no exception. Others maintained that he had not understood what he was doing.

Much of the room was talking about justice and feelings, while the last hold out insisted on a practical question. What exactly does the law require?

Congratulations. You practiced 515 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Let's pause for a second. You finished another story and you learned a new lesson. You learned a new way of thinking. And that's amazing. The psychology of money. And I love this book because

I don't care.

Let's get into the story. One more zero. One more zero from the book The Psychology of Money by Morgan Hel. grief. Relentless reportedly legendary hedge fund put on the table. Insider trading temptation assignment billionaire. It was a quiet board meeting. held by telephone. The call one man made seconds later would cost him almost everything he had

built.

Born in Kolkata, that man knew grief early. He lost his father and then his mother before he finished his teams.

Now we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Was the board meeting held by telephone?

Yes, it was a quiet board meeting held by telephone. Did the man know grief early or late in life? That man knew grief early. Whom did he lose before he finished his teens? He lost his father and then his mother. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue.

Rajat Gupta did not let that grief define him. He studied relentlessly, reached one of India's top [clears throat] engineering schools, then Harvard.

He joined McKenzie, the legendary firm that advises giant companies. and in the '9s became its first head born outside America.

>> Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Did Gupta let grief define him?

No, Rajat Gupta did not let that grief define him. Did he study relentlessly or lazily? He studied relentlessly. What kind of firm was McKenzie?

McKenzie was the legendary firm that advises giant companies. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> He advised powerful executives, helped found a business school in India, and gave his time to health charities.

By then he was reportedly worth around $100 million. Most people would call that enough.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Was he reportedly worth $100 million?

Yes, he was reportedly worth around $100 million. Did he give his time to health charities or to parties? He gave his time to health charities. What would most people call that? Most people would call that enough. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. He apparently did not.

>> By many accounts, he had begun measuring himself against a different circle. >> Billionaires.

He sat on famous boards, including Goldman Sachs, among people whose fortunes made his look modest.

That hunger for the next level is hardly unusual. What he did with it was

>> Okay, questions time. >> Did he call it enough? No, he apparently did not. Did he measure himself against billionaires or against students?

He measured himself against a different circle. Billionaires. What is unusual? The hunger or what he did with it?

The hunger is hardly unusual. What he did with it was >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> In 2008, at the height of the financial crisis, the Goldman board heard that a legendary investor would put billions into the bank.

The news was not yet public. Once it was, the share price would almost certainly jump. Acting on it early was insider trading.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did a legendary investor plan to put billions into the bank?

Yes, a legendary investor would put billions into the bank. Was the news public or not yet public? The news was not yet public. What was acting on it early? Acting on it early was insider trading. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Seconds after the call ended, he phoned a friend who ran a hedge fund.

Within minutes, the hedge fund was buying Goldman shares.

He placed no trade himself. His friend's fund did. The prize reportedly was a place among the billionaires.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Did his friend run a hedge fund? >> Yes, he phoned a friend who ran a hedge fund. Did he place the trade himself or did his friends fund?

He placed no trade himself. His friend's fund did. What was the prize reportedly?

The prize reportedly was a place among the billionaires. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Phone records told the story. In 2012, a jury found him guilty of insider trading and he was sentenced to 2 years in prison. [clears throat]

The advisor of the powerful lost his reputation, his board seats and respect earned over decades.

>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Was he found guilty of insider trading?

Yes. A jury found him guilty of insider trading. Was he sentenced to 2 years or 20 years? He was sentenced to 2 years in prison. What did the advisor of the powerful lose?

He lost his reputation, his board seats, and respect earned over decades. Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Morgan Hel places this story in the psychology of money in a chapter about knowing when you have enough.

His point is not that wanting more is wrong. It is about what you are willing to put on the table to get it.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Does Howold say wanting more is wrong?

No, his point is not that wanting more is wrong. Is the chapter about getting rich or knowing when you have enough? It is about knowing when you have enough. What does his point ask you? what you are willing to put on the table to get it. >> Now, back to the story. >> Gupta already had freedom, respect, a

family, and a name. He risked it all for a number he did not need.

You might object that the safer lesson is to want less. I do not think so. That misses what went wrong.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Did Gupta need that number?

>> No. He risked it all for a number he did not need. Is the safer lesson to want less or does that miss what went wrong?

I do not think so. That misses what went wrong. What did Gupta already have?

Gupta already had freedom, respect, a family, and a name. Great job. Now, back to the story. >> His problem was not that he kept climbing. It was that he stopped asking which lines must never be crossed.

Real ambition can be relentless, but it grows inside walls. your honesty, your health, your family, and people's trust in you.

Now, the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Can real ambition be relentless?

Yes, real ambition can be relentless, but it grows inside walls. Was his problem climbing or not asking about the lines? It was that he stopped asking which lines must never be crossed. Where does real ambition grow?

It grows inside walls. Your honesty, your health, your family, and people's trust in you. Okay, now listening mode. >> Never risk what you have and need for what you do not have and do not need. That rule keeps you standing.

Your temptations will look smaller than his. A copied assignment, a faked certificate, a quiet lie on an application.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Will your temptations look smaller than his? >> Yes. Your temptations will look smaller than his. Is a copied assignment a temptation or a reward? A copied assignment is one of your temptations. Why does the rule say never to risk?

Never risk what you have and need for what you do not have and do not need. And now the big finish. >> Each one promises a faster route to a finished assignment or a better job. Each asks you to put on the table something you cannot easily replace.

So when that temptation comes, don't ask how much more you could gain. Ask what you would risk and whether you could buy it back.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Does each temptation ask you to put something on the table?

Yes. Each asks you to put on the table something you cannot easily replace. Should you ask what you could gain or what you would risk? Ask what you would risk and whether you could buy it back. What does each one promise?

Each one promises a faster route to a finished assignment or a better job.

The grammar we practice today, ellipses and substitution, he apparently did not. What he did with it was once it was the share price would almost certainly jump. He placed no trade himself. His friend's fund did.

Congratulations. You practiced 516 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Amazing. So you have listened, you understood and you spoke.

That's how we learn. Give and take.

And now let's jump into the story, The Face in the Corner. >> The Face in the Corner from the book Give and Take by Adam Grant. Radiologist. Incidental. Compassion. Identical. Radiology. Finding resident. Meticulous. Second look. Precise. A small photograph. the kind you would glue into a passport, sits in the corner of a computer screen

in a Jerusalem hospital.

Beside it is a CT scan, a gray map of the inside of someone's body. One of dozens the radiologist on duty will read today.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Does the photograph sit in the corner of the screen?

Yes. A small photograph sits in the corner of a computer screen. Will the radiologist read one scan or dozens today? The radiologist on duty will read dozens today. What is beside the photograph?

Beside it is a CT scan, a gray map of the inside of someone's body. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. In radiology, doctors rarely meet the people they help. They study bones, organs, and shadows with meticulous care and write precise reports that other doctors act on.

A radiology resident named Yhona Tan Turner began to wonder what that distance was doing to the quality of their work. Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. In radiology, do doctors often meet the people they help?

No. In radiology, doctors rarely meet the people they help. Do they study the body with careless or meticulous care? They study bones, organs, and shadows with meticulous care. Who began to wonder about that distance? A radiology resident named Yon Natan Turner began to wonder. >> Now back to the story. >> The resident's idea was simple.

When patients came for a scan, a photograph of their face would be taken and attached to their file.

Scan, photo, report. Scan, photo, report. For the 15 radiologists in his study, a face became part of the routine.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Was the resident's idea simple? Yes, the resident's idea was simple. Was the photograph of the patient's face or of the scan?

A photograph of their face was taken and attached to their file. How many radiologists were in his study? There were 15 radiologists in his study. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. Afterwards, every one of them said they felt more empathy for their patients. Feelings, however, are easy to report

and notoriously hard to measure.

So Turner measured something harder. Months later, the radiologists gave some of the same scans a second look. This time without the photographs.

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Are feelings notoriously hard to measure?

Yes, feelings are easy to report and notoriously hard to measure. Did they give the scans a second look with or without the photographs?

They gave the scans a second look without the photographs. What did every radiologist say they felt?

Every one of them said they felt more empathy for their patients. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> The images were absolutely identical. The only thing missing was the small face in the corner.

With the photo on screen, the doctors had noted many incidental findings, problems nobody had asked them to look for.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Were the images absolutely identical?

Yes, the images were absolutely identical. Were incidental findings problems they were asked to find or not? Incidental findings were problems nobody had asked them to look for. What was the only thing missing? >> The only thing missing was the small face in the corner. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of

the story. >> Without the photograph, about 80% of those incidental findings were simply not reported. the second time.

Read that number again. Four out of five discoveries disappeared, not because the doctors were careless, but because they no longer saw a person.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Were most incidental findings simply not reported the second time?

Yes. About 80% of those incidental findings were simply not reported. Were the doctors careless or did they no longer see a person? They no longer saw a person. How many discoveries out of five disappeared? Four out of five discoveries disappeared. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> The identical scans had not become

harder to read. What had changed was whether the doctor was reading for someone or simply reading.

Adam Grant uses this study in give and take to show how people who help others protect their energy and their standards.

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. Were the identical scans harder to read?

No, the identical scans had not become harder to read. Was the doctor reading for someone or simply reading?

What had changed was whether the doctor was reading for someone or simply reading. Which book uses this radiology study? Adam Grant uses this study in give and take. >> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next part. >> Motivation he argues rises sharply when we can actually see the person our work will touch.

A face turns a task into a relationship. A task can be rushed while a relationship quietly asks for our compassion and our best attention.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Does motivation rise sharply when we see the person?

Yes. Motivation rises sharply when we can actually see the person our work will touch. Does a relationship ask for compassion or for speed?

A relationship quietly asks for our compassion and our best attention. What does a face turn a task into? A face turns a task into a relationship. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Remember the face behind the task and the task itself begins to change shape.

Most of us write in English for people we never see. Clients, managers, colleagues abroad.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Do most of us write for people we never see?

Yes. Most of us write in English for people we never see. Do we write for clients or for ourselves?

We write for clients, managers, colleagues abroad. What begins to change shape? The task itself begins to change shape. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Too often, these feel like exercises written for nobody in particular. Checked quickly and sent without a second look.

Try giving every important piece of writing a face and a little compassion. Before you begin, picture the exact person who will read it.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Are they sent without a second look?

Yes, they are checked quickly and sent without a second look. Should you give your writing a face or keep it for nobody?

Try giving every important piece of writing a face and a little compassion. Whom should you picture before you begin? Picture the exact person who will read it. >> Okay, now listening mode. Imagine her utterly exhausted at the end of a long day, or deeply confused by an unclear request, or quietly relieved by a clear one.

You will probably become more meticulous about your grammar. Choose planer words and cut the sentence that only you understand.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Is she utterly exhausted at the end of a long day?

Yes. Imagine her utterly exhausted at the end of a long day. Is she deeply confused by a clear request or an unclear one? She is deeply confused by an unclear request. How will you treat your grammar? You will probably become more meticulous about your grammar. >> Now, this is the time for the ending of

the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. >> The same works in speaking. Give your listener a face, an examiner or a future colleague, and your answers grow noticeably warmer and more precise.

Keep a small photograph in the corner of your mind like the one on that hospital screen. Whoever reads your English deserves to be seen.

Here's the last questions. I want you to give them everything you've got. >> Do your answers grow noticeably warmer?

>> Yes. Your answers grow noticeably warmer and more precise. Do your answers grow more precise or more careless? Your answers grow warmer and more precise. Who deserves to be seen? Whoever reads your English deserves to be seen.

The grammar we practice today intensifiers and collocations. Feelings, however, are easy to report and notoriously hard to measure. The images were absolutely identical. Imagine her utterly exhausted at the end of a long day or deeply confused by an unclear request or quietly relieved by a clear one. Give your listener a face, an examiner

or a future colleague, and your answers grow noticeably warmer and more precise.

Congratulations, you practiced 516 words in this story and you learned a lot. Okay.

So, if you think about it, you're learning very [clears throat] key lessons that are going to improve your your your whole mindset. That's amazing.

The seven habits of highly effective people.

Let's jump into the story. The last freedom. The Last Freedom from the book The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People by Steven R. CVY. Manuscript. Liberate. Endure. Stimulus. Suffering. Concentration camp. Identity. Arrival. proactive circumstances. Everything can be taken from a man but one thing. A psychiatrist wrote those words after surviving what most of us cannot

imagine.

Victor Frankle was a Jewish doctor from Vienna. From 1942, he was held in a series of Nazi concentration camps.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Did a psychiatrist write those words?

Yes, a psychiatrist wrote those words after surviving what most of us cannot imagine. Was Frankle a doctor from Vienna or from Paris? Victor Frankle was a Jewish doctor from Vienna. Where was he held from 1942? He was held in a series of Nazi concentration camps. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now.

>> His father died in the first camp. His mother, his brother, and his young wife did not survive the camps.

The manuscript of his first book, sewn into his coat, was taken from him on arrival. He never saw that manuscript again.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Was the manuscript of his first book taken from him?

Yes, it was taken from him on arrival. Was the manuscript sewn into his coat or hidden in a shoe? The manuscript of his first book was sewn into his coat. Did his family survive the camps?

No. His mother, his brother, and his young wife did not survive the camps. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. With that arrival, almost everything that makes up an identity was removed. His name became a number.

Steven Cvy tells this early in the seven habits of highly effective people. Zooming in on one quiet moment.

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Was almost everything that makes up an identity removed.

Yes. With that arrival, almost everything that makes up an identity was removed. Did his name stay or become a number? His name became a number. who tells this early in his book.

Steven Cvy tells this early in the seven habits of highly effective people. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> As CVY tells it, Frankle was alone in a small bare room when he noticed something. His guards could not reach.

They controlled where he slept, what he ate, and how hard he worked. They could not decide how he would respond.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Was Frankle alone in a small bare room?

Yes, Frankle was alone in a small bare room. Could the guards decide his response or not? They could not decide how he would respond. What did the guards control?

They controlled where he slept, what he ate, and how hard he worked. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Think for a moment how strange that is. The inside came exactly where freedom seemed to have vanished.

Frankle later called it the last of the human freedoms. Choosing your attitude, whatever your circumstances.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did the insight come where freedom seemed to have vanished?

Yes, the insight came exactly where freedom seemed to have vanished. [clears throat] Is it the first or the last of the human freedoms? Frankl called it the last of the human freedoms. What is it? Whatever your circumstances,

it is choosing your attitude whatever your circumstances. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> He did not treat it as a slogan. He practiced it hour by hour in the small deliberate choices that helped him endure.

When his spirits sank, he pictured himself after the war teaching students in a warm lecture hall. Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. >> Did small deliberate choices help him endure?

Yes, the small deliberate choices helped him endure. Did he treat it as a slogan or practice it?

He did not treat it as a slogan. He practiced it hour by hour. [clears throat] What did he picture when his spirits sank?

He pictured himself after the war teaching students in a warm lecture hall. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. Prisoners who held on to a reason to live, a task, or a person waiting seemed better able to endure the suffering.

He also remembered men who at their lowest walked through the huts comforting others and giving away their last bread.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's simply do it. >> Were prisoners with a reason to live better able to endure the suffering?

Yes, they seemed better able to endure the suffering. Did those men keep their last bread or give it away? They gave away their last bread. What did the men who were at their lowest do? [gasps] They walked through the huts comforting others. >> Nice one. Let's continue. The concentration camps were liberated in 1945.

The following year, he wrote Man's Search for Meaning in just 9 days.

Cave builds his first habit. Be proactive on that quiet moment in the bare room.

>> Now test yourself. >> Were the concentration camps liberated in 1945?

Yes. The concentration camps were liberated in 1945. Did he write his book in 9 days or 9 years? He wrote man's search for meaning in just 9 days. Which habit does kvy build on that moment?

Kavy builds his first habit. Be proactive on that quiet moment. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. A popular saying about a space between stimulus and response is often credited to Franco, though it is probably not his.

Honesty matters here. Choosing his response did not save his family and it does not make suffering acceptable.

>> Great speaking time. Now let's jump into the speaking time. Is the saying about stimulus and response probably Frankle's?

No. It is often credited to Frankle though it is probably not his. Did his choice save his family or not? Choosing his response did not save his family. Does choosing make suffering acceptable? No, it does not make suffering acceptable. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story.

What it did was protect one part of his identity that no one could own even before he was liberated. From there his life was rebuilt.

Our circumstances are nothing like his. Which is why his example helps. If he could choose there, we can choose here.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. Did it protect one part of his identity?

Yes. It protected one part of his identity that no one could own. Was that part protected before or after he was liberated? It was protected even before he was liberated. Why does his example help if our circumstances are different? If he could choose there, we can choose here. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed

it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Between what happens and what you do, you choose. It sounds simple and it takes a lifetime to practice.

A teacher corrects your English in front of the class. A test score comes back lower than you hoped.

>> Okay, questions time. Does it take a lifetime to practice?

Yes, it sounds simple and it takes a lifetime to practice. Does the test score come back higher or lower than you hoped? A test score comes back lower than you hoped. What happens between what happens and what you do

between what happens and what you do? You choose. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. A native speaker talks too fast and you freeze. Each is a small stimulus and each asks you a question.

You can close the book for a week or you can be proactive. Ask for the correction again. Write it down and try once more.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. Is each of these a small stimulus?

Yes. Each is a small stimulus and each asks you a question. Should you close the book or be proactive?

You can be proactive. Ask for the correction again. Write it down and try once more. What happens when a native speaker talks too fast? A native speaker talks too fast and you freeze. >> Now this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's

continue. >> No one can make that choice for you and no one can take it from you.

One thing cannot be taken from you. Whatever happens, make sure that one thing is working for you today.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> Can anyone take that choice from you? >> No. No one can take it from you. Can one thing be taken from you or can

it not? One thing cannot be taken from you. Whatever happens, what should that one thing be doing today? Make sure that one thing is working for you today.

The grammar we practice today, complex noun phrases. The manuscript of his first book sewn into his coat was taken from him on arrival. With that arrival, almost everything that makes up an identity was removed. His name became a number. Frankle later called it the last of the human freedoms. Choosing your attitude whatever your circumstances.

He practiced it hour by hour in the small deliberate choices that helped him endure.

Congratulations. You practiced 518 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Awesome. A full story in English.

That's a huge huge achievement. Great job. Before we continue, a real student just like you. Uh,

was able to get get amazing results.

form.

social media.

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step.

But anyways, outliers

Let's jump into the story. Born in January. >> Born in January from the book Outliers by Malcolm Gladwell. >> Firmly cut off. Firmly, firmly, firmly, firmly, firmly, firmly, firmly, firmly. At nine, the difference between two boys is almost invisible. At 13, it looks like talent. At 17, it looks like destiny.

The man who noticed how this happens was a Canadian psychologist, Roger Barnsley. and he noticed it at a hockey game. [cheering]

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. At nine, is the difference between two boys almost invisible?

Yes. At nine, the difference between two boys is almost invisible. At 17, does it look like talent or like destiny? At 17, it looks like destiny. Where did Roger Barnsley notice this? He noticed it at a hockey game. [clears throat] So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> He was sitting with his wife in an arena

in Alberta, watching a strong junior team, the Lethbridge Broncos.

She was reading the printed program, which listed each player's birth date. when she asked him if he knew when these young men were born.

>> Let's see what stayed in her mind. Let's go. >> Was Barnsley sitting alone in the arena?

No, he was sitting with his wife in an arena in Alberta. Was his wife reading the program or watching the game? She was reading the printed program. What did the program list? It listed each player's birth date. >> Now, back to the story. >> He looked a striking number of the players were

born in January, February, and March. Hardly any were born late in the year

at home. He checked other teams, then the best young players in the country. The pattern held almost everywhere.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Were a striking number of the players born early in the year?

Yes. A striking number were born in January, February, and March. Were many players, or hardly any, born late in the year? Hardly any were born late in the year. What did he check at home?

He checked other teams then the best young players in the country. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Among elite players, the split was striking. Roughly 40% were born in the year's first quarter and about 10% in its last.

Read those numbers again. The players seem to have been chosen by the calendar almost as firmly as by the coaches.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. Were roughly 40% of elite players born in the first quarter?

Yes. Roughly 40% were born in the year's first quarter. Was the split among elite players striking or ordinary? The split was striking. What do the numbers suggest about the players?

The players seem to have been chosen by the calendar almost as firmly as by the coaches. Good job. Let's continue the story. >> The explanation turned out to be almost boring. Canadian youth hockey groups players by birth year. So January is the cutoff.

Imagine two boys, one born just after the cutoff, one just before it. They share an age group, yet one is almost a year older.

here is where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Is December the cutoff in Canadian youth hockey? No, January is the cutoff. Does youth hockey group players by birth year or by height? It groups players by birth year. How much older can one boy be in the

same age group? One is almost a year older. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> At nine, a year is enormous. The older boy is a little taller, a little stronger, and a little better coordinated.

Every boy wants to be chosen for the Allstar team. Coaches ignore birthdays. They see the boy who skates faster and looks more coordinated.

Great speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. >> Does every boy want to be chosen for the Allstar team?

Yes. Every boy wants to be chosen for the allstar team. Is the older boy better coordinated or worse coordinated? The older boy is a little better coordinated. What do the coaches see?

They see the boy who skates faster and looks more coordinated. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> Now the advantage starts to compound. The chosen boy, firmly inside the system, gets better coaching, stronger teammates, and far more games each season.

By 13, all that extra practice has made him genuinely better. The gap is no longer size. It is real skill.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Does the advantage start to compound?

>> Yes. Now the advantage starts to compound. Is the chosen boy firmly inside the system or outside it? The chosen boy is firmly inside the system. What has made him genuinely better by 13?

All that extra practice has made him genuinely better. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> The December boy, meanwhile, ends up being left out at nine, not for lack of talent, but for lack of months.

Researchers call this a cumulative advantage. A small early edge earns more opportunities which compound into a bigger edge.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. Is the December boy left out for lack of talent?

No. He ends up being left out for lack of months, not for lack of talent. Does the December boy end up being chosen or being left out? He ends up being left out at 9. What do researchers call this? They call it accumulative advantage. Here's on. Now let's come to the next part.

>> The pattern has since been found in other sports. in school results and even in university places though its size varies.

It would be easy to hear this as bad news. Born in the wrong month or started English late, your game might have been decided early.

>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Has the pattern been found only in hockey?

No, it has been found in other sports in school results and in university places. Does the size of the effect vary or is it always the same? Its size varies. What might have been decided early? Your game might have been decided early. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Look closer. The birthday itself was never destiny.

What genuinely did the work was the extra practice that followed it.

small early advantages grow through extra practice because that growth is accumulative. They can also be built on purpose at any age.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Was the birthday itself destiny?

>> No. The birthday itself was never destiny. Did the birthday or the extra practice genuinely do the work? The extra practice genuinely did the work. Why can early advantages be built on purpose?

Because that growth is accumulative, they can be built on purpose. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Nobody selects adult learners for an elite team. Instead of waiting to be selected, select yourself and give yourself the coaching the lucky ones received.

A little listening every day looks tiny. Over a year, the minutes compound into a mountain of hours someone else never practiced.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. Should you wait to be selected? No. Instead of waiting to be selected, select yourself. Does anyone select adult learners for an elite team? Or nobody? Nobody selects adult learners for an elite team. What do the minutes compound into over a year? They compound into a mountain of hours.

And now the big finish. >> Nine months of it and you are no longer the December boy.

Starting points vary, so stop checking when you started. Your birthday was decided for you. Your practice hours never were.

>> One final question. Brown, you've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Do starting points vary? Yes. Standard points vary. Was your birthday decided for you or your practice hours?

Your birthday was decided for you. Your practice hours never were. What should you stop checking? Stop checking when you started.

The grammar we practiced today. Advanced passives. The players seem to have been chosen by the calendar almost as firmly as by the coaches. Every boy wants to be chosen for the Allstar team. The December boy, meanwhile, ends up being left out at 9. Not for lack of talent, but for lack of months.

Born in the wrong month or started English late, your game might have been decided early.

Congratulations. You practiced 518 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's awesome. Congratulations and let's keep going. The Airbnb story. Airbnb startups.

What? What happened to them? Billions. Let's get into the story. The best source. The best source from the book The Airbnb Story by Lee Gallagher. Mattress, academic, boutique, inexperienced, unforgettable, hospitality, veteran, realistically specialize, seek. In his late 20s, Brian Chesy had a problem only success could create. His company was growing faster than he

was.

He had trained as a designer, not a businessman. with two friends. He had turned the floor of their apartment and some air mattresses into Airbnb.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Was Chesky's company growing faster than he was?

>> Yes, his company was growing faster than he was. Had he trained as a designer or as a businessman? He had trained as a designer, not a businessman. What did the friends turn into Airbnb?

They turned the floor of their apartment and some air mattresses into Airbnb. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Now, the company had hundreds of employees, soon thousands, and he was its chief executive. As a manager, he was completely inexperienced.

That mattered. A company rarely grows beyond the person leading it, and investors were watching to see whether he could keep up.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Was he an experienced manager?

No. As a manager, he was completely inexperienced. Did the company have hundreds of employees or only a few? The company had hundreds of employees, soon thousands. What were the investors watching to see? They were watching to see whether he could keep up. Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> What would you do in his place at that

age? >> Be honest with yourself.

Most people would pick a familiar answer. Hire an experienced manager to run things and step aside.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Would most people pick a familiar answer? Yes, most people would pick a familiar answer. Would they hire an experienced manager or learn the job themselves?

They would hire an experienced manager to run things and step aside. What does the story ask you to be? It asks you to be honest with yourself. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Some would hide the problem, acting confident in meetings while panicking at night. Others would ask whoever was nearby.

Chesy did something stranger. For every skill he lacked, he looked for the best person to learn from. Someone who specialized in exactly that skill.

>> Let's turn those ears into voice. Did Chesky ask whoever was nearby?

No. He looked for the best person to learn from. Did he want the best person to learn from or the easiest? He wanted the best person to learn from. Who was the best person to learn from for each skill?

Someone who specialized in exactly that skill. >> Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Not a good source. The best source, the very best, he reasoned, had usually thought more clearly about their subject than anyone else.

So he approached people most founders would never dare to contact. for business and long-term thinking. He sought out Warren Buffett.

>> Now test yourself. >> Was a good source enough for Chesy?

No, not a good source. The best source. Did he seek out Warren Buffett for design or for business?

He sought out Warren Buffett for business and long-term thinking. Why did he want the very best?

The very best had usually thought more clearly about their subject than anyone else. >> Now stories calling us. Let's continue. for design. He learned from Johnny Iive, the designer behind many of Apple's most famous products.

To understand how to create an unforgettable experience for guests, he turned to a veteran boutique hotel founder who later joined Airbnb to lead hospitality.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. Did he learn design from Johnny IV?

Yes. For design he learned from Johnny IV. Did he turn to a veteran boutique hotel founder or a young banker? He turned to a veteran boutique hotel founder. What did he want to create for guests?

He wanted to create an unforgettable experience for guests. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. He was not collecting famous names or unforgettable conversations with the hospitality veteran. As with the others, he brought specific questions and tested the ideas inside his company.

Many of these busy people, the boutique hotelier included, agreed to help, perhaps because specific questions are harder to refuse than vague requests.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Was he collecting famous names?

No, he was not collecting famous names or unforgettable conversations. Did he bring the hospitality veteran general requests or specific questions? He brought specific questions. Who agreed to help among these busy people? Many of them agreed to help. the boutique hotelier included. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Over the years, the inexperienced designer who once rented out air

mattresses became a leader who steered the company through serious crisis.

The principle behind his strange request is simple to say and hard to practice. Go to the best source for each skill you lack.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did the inexperienced designer become a leader?

Yes, he became a leader who steered the company through serious crisis. Had he once rented out air mattresses or hotel rooms? He had once rented out air mattresses. What is the principle behind his strange request?

Go to the best source for each skill you lack. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> Most learners fall into that last habit. They ask the first person to walk past whether or not that person truly knows.

A cousin who once lived abroad becomes your pronunciation coach. A random video becomes your academic writing teacher.

Okay, questions time. Do most learners ask the first person to walk [sighs] past?

Yes. They ask the first person to walk past. Does the cousin become your pronunciation coach or your writing teacher?

The cousin becomes your pronunciation coach. What becomes your academic writing teacher? A random video becomes your academic writing teacher. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> None of these people mean any harm. They are simply not the best source for your skill.

The best person to ask is often closer than his were. An official exam guide or a teacher who specializes in exactly your weakness.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Do these people mean any harm? No. None of these people mean any harm. Is the best person to ask often closer or often further away?

The best person to ask is often closer than his were. Which teacher could be the best person to ask?

A teacher who specializes in exactly your weakness. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Realistically, it might also be someone a few steps ahead who has already solved the exact problem you face.

Try this rule for one week. You write down the one skill holding you back most. Perhaps speaking or academic writing.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Realistically, could your best source be someone a few steps ahead?

Yes. Realistically, it might be someone a few steps ahead. Do you try the rule for one week or for one year? You try this rule for one week. What do you write down first?

You write down the one skill holding you back most. Perhaps speaking or academic writing. Now this is the last part. Let's bring it home. >> Next to it, you write the best source you can realistically reach, which is rarely the easiest person to ask.

Then you seek out that source with one precise question and you listen like a young chief executive sitting across from Warren Buffett.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. Is the best source usually the easiest person to ask?

No, it is rarely the easiest person to ask. Do you seek out that source with one precise question or many vague ones?

You seek out that source with one precise question. Which source do you write next to your skill?

You write the best source you can realistically reach.

The grammar we practice today infinitive after superlatives and ordinals. For every skill he lacked, he looked for the best person to learn from, someone who specialized in exactly that skill. They ask the first person to walk past whether or not that person truly knows. The best person to ask is often closer than his were, an official exam guide or

a teacher who specializes in exactly your weakness. Next to it, you write the best source you can realistically reach, which is rarely the easiest person to ask.

Congratulations. You practiced 513 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Well done. And here's the thing. You are constantly learning something new. You're learning how to think in an ambitious way.

And that's amazing. Deep work. Deep work. for

yummy

video.

Let's jump into the story which is going to be the day off. The day off from the book Deep Work by Cal Newport. Burnout, enthusiastic, responsiveness, prestigious, remedy, irresponsible, reachable, efficiently squeeze. offline. Picture a typical consultant at an elite firm. His phone buzzes late at night and he answers, though he wishes it would stay

silent.

That was the culture Harvard professor Leslie Plo found when she studied consultants at the Boston Consulting Group, a prestigious firm.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Does the consultant wish his phone would stay silent?

Yes, he answers though he wishes it would stay silent. Does his phone buzz late at night or early in the morning? His phone buzzes late at night. Where did Leslie Pearlo study consultants?

She studied consultants at the Boston Consulting Group, a prestigious firm. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> They were brilliant, well- paid and exhausted, reachable almost every hour, and [sighs] many were quietly planning to leave.

Nobody had designed this. It grew from a cycle. The more available people were, the more requests arrived.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. Were the consultants reachable almost every hour? Yes, they were reachable almost every hour. Had somebody designed this culture or had nobody designed it? Nobody had designed this. What happened when people were more available?

The more available people were, the more requests arrived. Good job. Let's continue the story. >> And more requests made everyone feel they had to be even more available until switching off felt like betrayal.

The usual remedies were familiar. Hire more people, promise clients less, or accept burnout as the price of a prestigious career.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Did switching off feel like a reward? No, switching off felt like betrayal. Was burnout accepted as the price of a prestigious career or refused.

Burnout was accepted as the price of a prestigious career. What were the usual remedies?

Hire more people, promise clients less, or accept burnout. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. What would you do with a team of talented people who could no longer switch off?

Plo proposed something that sounded irresponsible. One small team would give each consultant a predictable day fully offline every week.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Did Plo's idea sound irresponsible?

>> Yes. Plo proposed something [laughter] that sounded irresponsible. Was the day fully offline or only a little quieter? The day was fully offline. How often did each consultant get this day?

Each consultant got a predictable day fully offline every week. >> Now, back to the story. >> Not a day of lighter work, a day with no email, no calls, and no quick checks. planned ahead and protected by the whole team.

The partner leading the team was by her account far from enthusiastic. Clients paid for responsiveness. Here's

where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Was the partner enthusiastic about the idea?

No. By her account, the partner was far from enthusiastic. Was it a day of lighter work or a day with no email at all?

It was a day with no email, no calls, and no quick checks. What did clients pay for? Clients paid for responsiveness. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> To make it work, the team had to discuss schedules openly, cover for one another,

and share what had lived in individual heads. Those

conversations were the hidden engine. The protected day forced the team to plan together.

>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did the team discuss schedules openly? Yes, the team had to discuss schedules openly. Did the protected day force the team to plan together or apart? The protected day forced the team to plan together. What was the hidden engine? Those conversations were the hidden engine.

So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> The results surprised almost everyone. Team members reported being more enthusiastic about their work and more satisfied with their jobs.

More of them imagined a long career at the firm and clients were served no worse in several ways better.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Did the results surprise almost everyone?

Yes, the results surprised almost everyone. Were team members more enthusiastic or less enthusiastic about their work? They were more enthusiastic about their work. How were the clients served?

Clients were served no worse, in several ways better. >> Nice one. Let's continue. They also communicated more and worked more efficiently while spending fewer hours connected.

The firm noticed and the idea spread. Within about 4 years, more than 900 teams in 30 countries had tried it. Awesome.

Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Did the team work more efficiently?

Yes. They communicated more and worked more efficiently. Did they spend more hours or fewer hours connected? They spent fewer hours connected. How many teams had tried it within about 4 years?

More than 900 teams in 30 countries had tried it. >> Now stories calling us. Let's continue. >> Eventually, the remedy became part of how the company ran its teams under the name predictable time off.

Why would rest make a team better? Partly because rested people think clearly and clear thinking, not instant responsiveness, was what clients bought.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did the remedy become part of how the company ran its teams?

>> Yes. Eventually, the remedy became part of how the company ran its teams. Did clients buy clear thinking or instant responsiveness?

Clear thinking, not instant responsiveness, was what clients bought. What was the new name of the idea? It was called predictable time off. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. Partly too because a protected day forces a team to stop relying on panic and start planning efficiently.

Planned time off makes a team better. It is not irresponsible. It rewards the discipline of deciding in advance what matters.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Is planned time off irresponsible? No, it is not irresponsible. Does a protected day make a team rely on panic or on planning?

It makes a team stop relying on panic and start planning efficiently. What does plan time off reward?

It rewards the discipline of deciding in advance what matters. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Most of us live inside a smaller version of that cycle. We wish the messages would stop, yet we answer instantly. Our

study, our family time, and our most serious work gets squeezed into the gaps of a screen that never rests.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Do we wish the messages would stop?

>> Yes. We wish the messages would stop yet we answer instantly. Does our serious work get squeezed or protected? Our serious work gets squeezed into the gaps of a screen. What kind of cycle do most of us live inside? We live inside a smaller version of that cycle. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens

now. Laser focus is impossible when you are always reachable. And balance is impossible when rest only happens by accident.

So don't wish your week would grow longer or ask how to squeeze more out of it. That usually ends in burnout and resentment.

>> That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. Should you wish your week would grow longer? No. Don't wish your week would grow longer. Does trying to squeeze more hours end in burnout or in balance? It usually ends in burnout and resentment. When is laser focus impossible?

Laser focus is impossible when you are always reachable. >> That's it. This is the last part of the story. Give it your best. >> Ask which hours are protected. Instead of wishing people would stop calling, tell them in advance as that team did.

One predictable evening fully offline might be your most productive decision this month for you and everyone who depends on you.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Should you keep wishing people would stop calling?

No. Instead of wishing people would stop calling, tell them in advance. Is the protected evening fully offline or half online? It is fully offline. What might one predictable evening be? It might be your most productive decision this month.

The grammar we practice today. Wish, if only plus would. His phone buzzes late at night and he answers, though he wishes it would stay silent. We wish the messages would stop, yet we answer instantly. So, don't wish your week would grow longer or ask how to squeeze more out of it. Instead of wishing people would stop

calling, tell them in advance as that team did.

Congratulations. You practiced 517 words in this story and you learned a lot. That's amazing. If you notice something, [clears throat]

and you're doing it at the same time. That's such a great accomplishment. How we learn.

Let's jump into the story. The mixed pile. The mixed pile from the book How We Learn by Benedict Kerry. Interle shuffle. Tell apart landscape. Logical. Neat. Organized. Counterintuitive. Comparison distinguish. Imagine the night before a test on landscape painting. Two students sit in the same library with exactly the same amount of time.

The first works in neat organized blocks. Several paintings by one artist, then several by the next. Each style studied on its own.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Is the test on landscape painting?

Yes, it is a test on landscape painting. Does the first student work in neat blocks or in a mixed pile?

The first works in neat organized blocks. Where do the two students sit? They sit in the same library. Here's on. Now, let's come to the next part. >> The second student's flashcards are shuffled. One artist, then another, then a third, then back to the first with no pattern.

If you had to predict a winner, you would probably choose the first. Understandably, her method looks calm and logical, while the second looks careless.

Now, it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Are the second students flashcards shuffled?

Yes. The second students flashcards are shuffled. Understandably, does the first method look logical or careless? Understandably, her method looks calm and logical. Which student would you probably choose as the winner? You would probably choose the first. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. The second student might agree with you. Mixed study feels confusing, and [gasps]

each new card seems to push the last one out.

The scene is close to a real experiment run in California by the psychologists Nate Cornell and Robert Bork.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Does mixed study feel easy? No. Mixed study feels confusing. Is the scene close to a real experiment or pure fiction? The scene is close to a real experiment. Who ran the experiment? The psychologists Nate Cornell and

Robert Bork ran it. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. They chose 12 landscape painters most students would not recognize and showed their volunteers six works by each.

Some volunteers saw the paintings in blocks one artist at a time. Others saw the same paintings mixed. The artists interled.

>> That's amazing. Now we want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Did they choose 12 landscape painters?

Yes, they chose 12 landscape painters. Most students would not recognize. Were the artists interled for some volunteers or for nobody?

Others saw the same paintings mixed. The artists interled. How many works by each painter did volunteer see? They saw six works by each. Now story is calling us. Let's continue. Then came the real test. New paintings the volunteers had never seen and a simple question. Who painted this?

Surprisingly, the mixed group named the right artist far more often, roughly 65% of the time against 50.

All right, time to prove you're focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Surprisingly, did the mixed group name the right artist more often?

Yes. Surprisingly, the mixed group named the right artist far more often. Were the test paintings new or had the volunteers seen them? They were new paintings the volunteers had never seen. What simple question came with the test? Who painted this? >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Stranger still, when asked which method had helped more, most volunteers said

blocks had worked as well or better.

Now look at the library again. Counterintuitive as it seems, the careless student was doing something clever, and the organized one was being fooled by comfort.

Great speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. Did most volunteers think mixing had helped more?

No. Most volunteers said blocks had worked as well or better. Was the careless student or the organized one being fooled by comfort? [clears throat] The organized one was being fooled by comfort. Why does [clears throat] the result feel counterintuitive? The careless student was doing something clever. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Blocking feels smooth because you meet

one artist at a time. It hides the question the test will ask. How do you distinguish these artists?

Mixing forces the brain into comparison again and again in a way that neat blocks never do.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now, it's over to you to answer them. >> Does blocking hide the question the test will ask?

Yes, it hides the question, how do you distinguish these artists? Does mixing or do neat blocks force the brain into comparison? Mixing forces the brain into comparison. Why does blocking feel smooth? because you meet one artist at a time. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Each switch asks whether this is the

same painter or a new one and what gives it away.

That comparison is exactly what you need to tell apart two styles when a new painting or a new problem arrives without a label.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Does each switch ask whether this is the same painter?

>> Yes. Each switch asks whether this is the same painter or a new one. Does comparison help you tell apart two styles or confuse them? [clears throat] Comparison is exactly what you need to tell apart two styles. How does a new problem arrive? A new problem arrives without a label. >> Now back to the story.

>> Psychologists call this counterintuitive method interle. Admittedly it feels confusing. Yet that confusion is often the feeling of learning not failure.

Mix your practice, especially when the real test is going to mix the questions for you.

>> Okay, questions time. Admittedly, does interle feel confusing? Yes, admittedly it feels confusing. Is that confusion the feeling of learning or of failure?

That confusion is often the feeling of learning, not failure. What do psychologists call this counterintuitive method? They call it interle. That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> English is full of neat blocks. Grammar books teach one tense per chapter in a logical order and the exercises stay politely inside their

chapter.

Then a real conversation arrives and nobody tells you which tense is coming. You must distinguish them instantly with no chapter title to help

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. Do grammar books teach tenses in a logical order?

Yes, they teach one tense per chapter in a logical order. Is English full of neat blocks or empty of them? English is full of neat blocks. What must you do in a real conversation? You must distinguish the tenses instantly. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. Here is a simple recipe. Take a few grammar points you usually

study separately and write practice sentences for each on cards.

Shuffle the cards for each one. Decide which structure it needs before you say anything. Then check yourself.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Should you shuffle the cars? Yes. Shuffle the cards. Do you decide the structure before you speak or after?

You decide which structure it needs before you say anything. What do you write on the cards? You write practice sentences for each grammar point. Now, this is the last part. Let's bring it home. >> Predictably, it will feel slower and messier, and that discomfort is the price of the skill.

After a week, test yourself on new sentences. Can you tell apart the structures? Now, the mixed pile will show what the neat one was hiding. Here's

the last questions. I want you to give them everything [snorts] you've got. >> Predictably, will the mixed practice feel slower?

Yes, predictably it will feel slower and messier. Will the mixed pile or the neat one show what was hidden? The mixed pile will show what the neat one was hiding. After a week, what should you test?

Test yourself on new sentences. Can you tell apart the structures? Now,

the grammar we practice today comment adverbs. Understandably, her method looks calm and logical, while the second looks careless. Surprisingly, the mixed group named the right artist far more often. roughly 65% of the time against 50. Admittedly, it feels confusing. Yet, that confusion is often the feeling of learning, not failure. Predictably, it will feel slower and

messier. And that discomfort is the price of the skill.

Congratulations. You practiced 58 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Honestly, well done. And uh this is the important thing. You you're you're improving your English. You're improving your mindset. And that's going to make you a undestroyable man or or like undesirable guy. So that's amazing. And now let's take a

quick break and listen to one of the real stories from one of my students English.

spelling.

YouTube

Alhamdulillah.

Big technique.

Fore

listening.

forcing

Alhamdulillah.

No.

Alhamdulillah. Awesome.

But it's something amazing. It's something totally crazy. Um

Why you sleep? Why you know sleep works? [laughter]

for

now let's jump into the story 3 in the morning 3 in the morning from the book Why We Sleep by Matthew Walker. Scribble. Stimulate. Spark. Impatient. Pharmacology. Suspect. Corridor. Substance. Creativity. Drip. On a small night table in Gratz, Austria, lies a tiny slip of thin paper. Covered in handwriting nobody can read,

not even the man who wrote it. And he is certain it holds something very important.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Can anybody read the handwriting on the slip?

No, it is covered in handwriting nobody can read. Does the slip lie on a night table or on a laboratory bench?

It lies on a small night table in Gratz. What is the writer [clears throat] certain about? He is certain it holds something very important. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. Otto Lurvy is a professor of pharmarmacology, the science of how medicines and chemicals act on the body.

For years, he has wondered how a nerve signals the heart. Is it an electric spark or a chemical?

Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Is Otto Levy a professor of pharmarmacology? >> Yes, Otto Levy is a professor of pharmarmacology. Has he wondered how a nerve signals the heart of the lungs?

He has wondered how a nerve signals the heart. What two answers does he consider?

It is either an electric spark or a chemical >> now. Story's calling us. Let's continue. >> He suspects a chemical. Exactly the kind of substance pharmarmacology studies. He simply has no way to prove it.

Hours earlier on the night before Easter Sunday, he had woken with an answer, switched on the light, and scribbled a few notes.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. Does he suspect a chemical?

Yes, he suspects a chemical. The kind of substance pharmacology studies. Had he woken with an answer or with a headache. Hours earlier he had woken with an answer. What had he scribbled in the night? He had scribbled a few notes. Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Satisfied, he had fallen asleep again.

>> Now it is 6:00 in the morning and he remembers writing something important.

He picks up the paper. The scroll means nothing. He stares at it again and again and the idea will not return.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Had he fallen asleep again?

Yes. Satisfied, he had fallen asleep again. Is it now 6 in the morning or midnight? Now it is 6 in the morning. What does the scroll mean? The scroll means nothing. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> What would you do if your best idea slipped away? Most of us would sigh and promise to

think about it later. [gasps]

The next night at 3:00, the idea returns. It is the design of an experiment, clear and complete.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Does the idea return the next night?

Yes. The next night at 3:00, the idea returns. Would most of us act at once or promise to think about it later? Most of us would promise to think about it laughter. What is the idea when it returns?

>> It is the design of an experiment. Clear and complete. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> This time he does not scribble a note and trust the paper. In his own account, he got up immediately, went to the laboratory.

Picture the building at that hour. Dark corridors, a sleeping city. He switches on the lamps and begins

every sentence. Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Does he scribble a note and trust the paper this time?

No. This time he does not scribble a note and trust the paper. Are the coridors dark or bright at that hour? The corridors are dark at that hour. Where did he go in his own account? He got up immediately and went to the laboratory. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story.

>> He places two frog hearts in separate dishes of salt solution where they keep beating on their own.

He stimulates the nerve that slows the first heart and its beat slows. Then he collects the liquid around it.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Does he use two frog hearts?

Yes. He places two frog hearts in separate dishes. Does he stimulate the nerve of the first heart or the second? He stimulates the nerve that slows the first heart. What does he collect? He collects the liquid around the first heart. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. He drips it onto the second heart whose

nerve he has not stimulated. That heart slows down too.

Something in the liquid he dripped carried the message, not a spark. The signal is chemical just as he had suspected.

>> Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Had he stimulated the nerve of the second heart?

No, he had not stimulated its nerve yet. That heart slowed down, too. Did a spark or something in the liquid he dripped carry the message? Something in the liquid he dripped carried the message, not a spark. What had he suspected?

He had suspected the signal was chemical. >> Now back to the story. >> The substance was later identified as acetile choline and the experiment opened a new science. How nerves pass messages with chemicals.

Years later, it earned him the Nobel Prize shared with a British scientist who had studied the same chemical.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Was the substance later identified as acetile choline?

Yes. The substance was later identified as acetile choline. Did he share the Nobel Prize or win it alone? He shared it with a British scientist. What new science did the experiment open? How nerves pass messages with chemicals. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> It is usually told as proof of dream

magic. Matthew Walker uses it in Why We Sleep to show how sleep feeds creativity.

sleep handed him the idea twice. I think the more useful part is what he did the second time.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Is the story usually told as proof of dream magic?

Yes, it is usually told as proof of dream magic. Does Walker use it to show sleep feeds creativity or wastes time?

He uses it to show how sleep feeds creativity. How many times did sleep hand him the idea? Sleep handed him the idea twice. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. The first time he trusted the idea to wait politely until morning. It did not wait.

The second time he was as impatient as the idea. He got up and made it real before it could fade.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Did the idea wait politely until morning? >> No, it did not wait. The second time, was he patient or as impatient as the idea?

The second time he was as impatient as the idea. What did he do before the idea could fade? He got up and made it real. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Creativity is generous but impatient. Ideas arrive whenever they like and they leave quietly if nobody acts on them.

When the idea comes, act before it disappears. Even if acting means a few rough minutes, not a perfect plan.

Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Is creativity patient?

No. Creativity is generous but impatient. Should you act now or wait for a perfect plan?

Act before it disappears, even if it means a few rough minutes. Not a perfect plan. When do ideas leave quietly? They leave quietly if nobody acts on them. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> Tonight, a new English sentence may come to you in the shower,

in a corridor, or on the way home. Picture

yourself opening your notes and using it within the hour. Say it, write it, send it. That is your 3:00 laboratory. Awesome.

This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> Could a new sentence come to you in a corridor?

Yes, it may come in the shower, in a corridor, or on the way home. Should you use the sentence within the hour or next week? You should use it within the hour. What is your 3:00 laboratory?

Opening your notes and using it within the hour. Say it, write it, send it.

The grammar we practice today, narrative tenses for effect. On a small night table in Gratz, Austria, lies a tiny slip of thin paper covered in handwriting nobody can read. Hours earlier, on the night before Easter Sunday, he had woken with an answer, switched [clears throat] on the light, and scribbled a few notes.

Now it is 6:00 in the morning and he remembers writing something important. The next night at 3:00, the idea returns.

Congratulations. You practice 517 words in this story and you learned a lot. See, that wasn't hard.

This is amazing. Let's keep it up. Discipline is the destiny.

And now let's jump into the story. The essay he destroyed. >> The essay he destroyed from the book discipline is destiny by Ryan Holiday. Moderation. Unchecked. Garrison. Heed. Crown. Throne. Statesman. break fraction provincial. A young artillery officer once wrote that ambition was dangerous. In one English translation, he compared it to a fire fed by a pitiles wind.

He was barely in his 20ies, short of money and far from home. Posted to a provincial garrison town.

No one answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud and when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. Did the young officer think ambition was dangerous?

>> Yes, he wrote that ambition was dangerous. Was he posted to a provincial town or to the capital? He was posted to a provincial garrison town. What did he compare ambition to?

He compared it to a fire fed by a pitilous wind. Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> The year was 1791. An academy in Leon had offered a prize for the best essay on one grand question.

Which truths and feelings, it asked, should people be taught to be happy? From his quiet garrison post, the young officer decided to compete.

That's amazing. Now we want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Was the essay prize offered in 1791?

Yes, the year was 1791 and an academy in Leon offered the prize. Did the question ask about happiness or about money? It asked which truths and feelings make people happy. Where was the young officer when he decided to compete? He was at his quiet Garrison post. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. His answer was surprisingly wise for

someone so young. Happiness, he argued, needs moderation, and unchecked ambition burns until nothing is left.

Think about that moment. A hungry provincial officer with nothing yet to his name, warning the world against wanting too much.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Did he argue that happiness needs moderation?

Yes. Happiness, he argued, needs moderation. Does unchecked ambition bring peace or does it burn?

Unchecked ambition burns until nothing is left. Who was warning the world against wanting too much? A hungry provincial officer with nothing yet to his name. Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> The essay did not win. The judges placed it near the bottom and he went back to his duties.

[sighs]

The young officer was Napoleon Bonapart. In the years that followed, he became a general and then the ruler of France. >> [cheering]

>> Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Did the essay win the prize?

>> No. The essay did not [laughter] win. The judges placed it near the bottom. Was the young officer Napoleon or one of the judges? The young officer was Napoleon Bonapart. What did he become in the years that followed? He became a general and then the ruler of France. >> Nice one. Let's continue.

>> Not only did he crown himself emperor, his armies came to control much of Europe. By any outside measure, he had won everything.

Yet the fire he had once described was now burning inside him. Rarely did he heed a warning. Each victory made him less willing to listen.

Did that make sense? Now, let's check. >> Did he crown himself emperor?

>> Yes. Not only did he crown himself emperor, his armies controlled much of Europe. Did he often heed warnings or rarely? Rarely did he heed a warning? What was now burning inside him?

The fire he had once described was now burning inside him. Great job. Now, back to the story. >> In 1812, ignoring warnings from some of his own advisers, he marched an enormous army deep into Russia.

The Russians retreated, burning what they left behind. Then winter came and the army had to turn back.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did he march his army into Russia in 1812?

Yes. In 1812, he marched an enormous army deep into Russia. Did he listen to his advisers or ignore their warnings? He ignored warnings from some of his own advisers. What made the army turn back? >> Winter came and the army had to turn back. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of

the story. >> Of the hundreds of thousands of soldiers who crossed the border, only a small fraction came home.

Within two years, he had lost his throne and been sent into exile on a small island in the Mediterranean.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did most of the soldiers come home?

No, only a small fraction came home. Did he keep his throne or lose it? Within 2 years, he had lost his throne. Where was he sent into exile?

He was sent to a small island in the Mediterranean. Okay, now listening mode. >> He escaped, returned to his throne, and risked everything again. Defeated once more, he was sent to a remote Atlantic island.

Never again would he leave it. He died there. Years earlier, at the height of his power, a senior statesman had dug up the old essay.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Did he return to his throne after escaping?

Yes, he escaped, returned to his throne and risked everything again. Did he leave the Atlantic island again or die there? Never again would he leave it. He died there. Who had dug up the old essay? A senior statesman had dug up the old essay. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story.

>> According to one early account, the statesman brought it to the crowned emperor who read a few pages and destroyed it.

That is the irony. [laughter] Little did [gasps] the young writer know he was describing his own future. Later he lacked even a fraction of the self-control to heed it.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Did the emperor keep the essay?

No. In one early account, he read a few pages and destroyed it. Did the young writer know his future or not?

Little did the young writer know he was describing his own future. Who brought the essay to the crowned emperor? The statesman brought it to the crowned emperor. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> None of this is an argument against ambition. Ambition is what gets a person out of a small room and into a bigger life.

The danger is unchecked ambition. Ambition with no breaks. When winning starts to justify ignoring warnings, breaking promises, and spending people.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. Is this story an argument against ambition?

No. None of this is an argument against ambition. Is the danger ambition itself or ambition with no breaks?

The danger is unchecked ambition. Ambition with no breaks. Where does ambition take a person? [clears throat] Ambition gets a person out of a small room and into a bigger life. Now, back to the story. >> Perhaps you want a high score, a scholarship, or a better job. Good. That hunger can carry you through years

of study.

Moderation is the break that keeps it on the road. The hours you rest, the people you keep close, the promises you keep.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Can that hunger carry you through years of study? >> Yes, that hunger can carry you through years of study. Is moderation the break or the engine? Moderation is the brake that keeps it on the road. What limits does this break include?

It includes the hours you rest, the people you keep close, and the promises you keep. And now the big finish. >> Ryan Holiday tells this story in Discipline is destiny as a warning and it points to a better question.

So tonight, don't ask how far your ambition can take you. Ask whether you are still the one steering it.

>> One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. Does Ryan Holiday tell this story as a warning?

Yes, he tells it in discipline is destiny as a warning. Should you ask how far ambition goes or who is steering it? Ask whether you are still the one steering it. Which book tells this story? Ryan Holiday tells it in discipline is destiny.

The grammar we practice today, inversion after negative adverbials. Not only did he crown himself emperor, his armies came to control much of Europe. Rarely did he heed a warning. Each victory made him less willing to listen. Never again would he leave it. He died there. Little did the young writer know, he was

describing his own future.

>> Congratulations. You practiced 519 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Let's pause for a second. You finished another story. And you learned a new lesson. You learned a new way of thinking. And that's amazing. And

What happened? And now let's jump into the story. The money in the middle. >> The money in the middle from the book Alibaba by Duncan Clark. Largely safeguard, rehearse, marketplace, reassure, credit card, go first, far beyond, intermediary, attract. Look at how you paid for the last thing you bought online. >> Perhaps you used a credit card, tapped a

button, and trusted the goods would arrive.

That small act of trust feels natural today. In China in the early 2000s, it was almost impossible and someone had to build it.

No one word answer. I don't want you to give me like ah small answers. I want you to give me full sentences aloud. And when you're going to hear and listen to the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay, let's go. >> Did you perhaps use a credit card?

Yes. Perhaps you used a credit card and tapped a button. Was that trust easy? or almost impossible in China. Then in China in the early 2000s, it was almost impossible. What did you trust when you tapped the button? You trusted the goods would arrive. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue.

>> Jack Mars Alibaba had just launched a shopping site called Tao Bao. Its rival was eBay, a giant with far more money and experience.

Tao had a problem no advertising could fix. Buyers and sellers were strangers and neither was willing to go first.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Was eBay Tao Bao's rival?

Yes, its rival was eBay, a giant with far more money. Were buyers and sellers friends or strangers? Buyers and sellers were strangers. What was neither side willing to do? Neither was willing to go first. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Not knowing the seller, a buyer would not pay. Not having been paid, a seller would not

ship, so nothing moved.

Credit cards were rare in China then, and getting your money back after a bad deal was hard.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. Not knowing the seller, would a buyer pay? No. Not knowing the seller, a buyer would not pay. Not having been paid, would a seller ship or wait? Not having been paid, a seller would not ship. What was rare in China then? Credit cards were rare in China then.

>> Here's Odd. Now let's come to the next part. >> You might expect a technology company to fix this with clever software. Alibaba chose to stand in the middle itself as an intermediary.

In 2003, it created Alipay, a simple safeguard. The buyer paid Alip pay instead of the seller, and the money waited while the goods traveled.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Did Alibaba choose to stand in the middle?

Yes. Alibaba chose to stand in the middle itself as an intermediary. Did the buyer pay the seller or Alipe? The buyer paid Alipe instead of the seller. What did Alibaba create in 2003?

In 2003, it created Alipe, a simple safeguard. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Only when the buyer confirmed that the package had arrived as promised did the money move on to the seller.

Nobody had to go first anymore. Each stranger only had to trust the intermediary, a company with a reputation to protect.

>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. Did the money move before the buyer confirmed?

No. Only when the buyer confirmed did the money move on. Did strangers trust each other or the intermediary? Each stranger only had to trust the intermediary. Who had to go first now? Nobody had to go first anymore. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. >> It sounds obvious now.

At the time, it was a real business risk with no clear rules for a private firm holding payments.

Having accepted that the risk would fall on him personally, Ma decided the service was too important to wait for.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Was Alip pay a real business risk at the time? >> Yes. At the time it was a real business risk. Having accepted the risk, did Ma wait or go ahead?

Having accepted the risk, Ma decided the service was too important to wait for. Who would the risk fall on? The risk would fall on him personally. Now stories calling us. Let's continue. >> Reassured that their money was safe. Shoppers relaxed. Sellers were attracted by the crowds and Taoba grew faster than its much richer

rival.

Within a few years, eBay had largely retreated from China and Taoba became the marketplace where the country shopped online.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Reassured that their money was safe, did shoppers relax?

Yes. Reassured that their money was safe, shoppers relaxed. Were sellers attracted or scared away by the crowds? Sellers were attracted by the crowds. What happened to eBay in China?

Within a few years, eBay had largely retreated from China. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> Alipe kept growing far beyond Taoba until hundreds of millions of people used it to pay for almost anything.

I think the most useful part of this story is not the technology. It is the question he chose to answer.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Did Alipe grow far beyond Taba?

>> Yes. Alipe kept growing far beyond Tabao. Is the useful part the technology or the question? The most useful part is the question he chose to answer. How many people came to use Alipe? Hundreds of millions of people used it. So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Everyone else was asking how to attract

more shoppers. He asked why the shoppers who came were still afraid to pay.

Solve the trust problem and the business follows. That was true for a marketplace of strangers and it holds far beyond shopping.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Was everyone else asking how to attract more shoppers?

Yes. Everyone else was asking how to attract more shoppers. Was the rule true for a marketplace of strangers or only friends? It was true for a marketplace of strangers. What did he ask instead?

He asked why the shoppers who came were still afraid to pay. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. Think about your English. Your hesitation is largely a trust problem. You do not yet trust your own voice.

Having rehearsed a sentence again and again in your head, you still stay silent in class even when you know the answer

spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Is your hesitation largely a trussist problem?

Yes. Your hesitation is largely a trust problem. Having rehearsed a sentence, do you speak or stay silent? Having rehearsed it again and again, you still stay silent. What do you not yet trust? You do not yet trust your own voice. Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> Like Taobau's buyers, you may need a

safeguard of your own, a class that expects mistakes, or a partner who promised not to laugh.

Speak there first where mistakes cost nothing. Let each small success reassure you until you no longer need to rehearse every line.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. Do you need a safeguard of your own?

Yes. Like Tao Bao's buyers, you may need a safeguard of your own. Should you speak first in a safe place or a risky one? Speak there first where mistakes cost nothing. What can reassure you? Each small success can reassure you. Now this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it.

>> Each safe conversation is a small delivery that arrives as promised and your own voice slowly becomes a seller. You believe

every market, team and classroom runs on the same simple rule. Where trust is built, people finally begin to move. Awesome.

This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> Does each safe conversation arrive as promised?

Yes. Each safe conversation is a small delivery that arrives as promised. Does your voice become a stranger or a seller? You believe your own voice slowly becomes a seller you believe. Where do people finally begin to move?

Where trust is built, people finally begin to move.

The grammar we practice today, advanced participle clauses. Not knowing the seller, a buyer would not pay. Not having been paid, a seller would not ship. Having accepted that the risk would fall on him personally, Ma decided the service was too important to wait for. Reassured that their money was safe, shoppers relaxed.

Congratulations. You practiced 518 words in this story and you learned a lot. Amazing. So you have listened, you understood and you spoke

and that's how we learn. Think and grow rich. forchech.

Let's jump into the story. The buttons on the desk. The buttons on the desk from the book Think and Grow Rich by Napoleon Hill. Liel, ignorant, summon, clutter, recite, traitor, expertise, courtroom, anarchist, ignorance. In a small courtroom in Michigan, America's most famous car maker sits patiently in the witness chair, waiting for the next question.

Three years earlier, the Chicago Tribune had called him ignorant and an anarchist, someone who wanted to tear down the government.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Is the car maker sitting in a courtroom?

Yes. He sits in a small courtroom in Michigan. Did the newspaper call him a genius? or an anarchist. The Chicago Tribune called him ignorant and an anarchist. Where does he sit waiting for the next question? He sits patiently in the witness chair. Now, back to the story. >> Henry Ford sued for liel demanding a

million dollars. In 1919, the case finally came to trial and the newspaper lawyers set out to prove the insult true.

For days they questioned him not about cars but about history, politics and the meaning of everyday words.

Awesome. without speaking turn. >> Did Ford sue for liel?

Yes. Henry Ford sued for liel demanding a million. Did the lawyers ask about cars or about history?

They questioned him not about cars but about history and politics. When did the case come to trial? The case came to trial in 1919. Now stories calling us. Let's continue. asked who Benedict Arnold was, a traitor every American school child learns about. He said he thought Arnold was a writer. [laughter]

Reporters filled their notebooks and newspapers laughed at the man who had built an empire yet could not name a famous traitor.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. Did Ford know who the traitor Benedict Arnold was?

No. He said he thought Arnold was a writer. Did the newspapers praise him or laugh at him?

Newspapers laughed at the man who could not name a famous traitor. What did the reporters do? Reporters filled their notebooks. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> At this point, most of us have already judged him. Rich and powerful, he appears to be guilty of plain ignorance.

Napoleon Hill retells this courtroom scene in Think and Grow Rich. And in his version, the trial turns on one moment.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. Does he appear to be guilty of plain ignorance?

Yes, at this point he appears to be guilty of plain ignorance. Does Hill retell this courtroom scene or ignore it?

Napoleon Hill retells this courtroom scene in Think and Grow Rich. In Hill's version, what does the trial turn on? The trial turns on one moment. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. Tired of the questions, Hill writes, Ford leaned forward and pointed at the lawyer who had asked them.

He said he had a row of buttons on his desk. By pressing one, he could summon someone to answer almost any question.

Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Did Ford point at the lawyer? Yes. He leaned forward and pointed at the lawyer. Were the buttons on his desk or in his car? The buttons were on his desk. Whom could he summon by pressing a button? He could summon someone to answer almost

any question. So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. >> Why, he asked should he clutter his mind with general facts when the people around him could supply them.

Suddenly the scene looks different. The ignorant anarchist of the headlines becomes a man who knows exactly where knowledge lives.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. Did Ford want to clutter his mind with general facts?

No. He asked why he should clutter his mind with general facts. Is he still the ignorant anarchist or something else?

The ignorant anarchist becomes a man who knows where knowledge lives, who could supply the facts. The people around him could supply them. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. In Hills reading, Ford was highly educated in the skill that mattered most to him, finding and organizing expertise.

Maybe it happened like that. Or maybe Hill, who loved a strong ending, polished it. The reply seems to live mainly in his book.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> Does the reply seem to live mainly in Hills book?

Yes, the reply seems to live mainly in his book. Was Ford educated in history or in finding expertise?

He was highly educated in finding and organizing expertise. What might Hill have done to the story?

Maybe Hill, who loved a strong ending, polished it. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. What is on record is quieter. The jury agreed he had been lieled and then awarded him six cents.

So neither side truly won. And to some extent, the question the trial raised is still worth asking.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did the jury agree he had been liable? Yes, the jury agreed he had been liable. Did he win a million or six cents? The jury awarded him six cents. Why is the trial's question still worth asking?

Neither side truly won. So to some extent, it is still worth asking. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. Is someone who cannot recite history ignorant? [clears throat] Or is ignorance not knowing where to look or whom to ask.

Ford's real strength was arguably the team he gathered. Engineers whose expertise covered precisely what he did not know.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Is someone who cannot recite history ignorant?

No. Ignorance is arguably not knowing where to look or whom to ask. Was Ford's real strength his memory or his team? Ford's real strength was arguably the team he gathered. What did his engineers expertise cover?

Their expertise covered precisely what he did not know. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. For Hill, knowing where to find knowledge was itself a kind of knowledge, arguably the most valuable kind.

There is a trap hidden in this story, though, and it matters for anyone learning a language.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> For Hill is finding knowledge a kind of knowledge.

Yes, for Hill it was arguably the most valuable kind. Is the trap hidden in this story or obvious? There is a trap hidden in this story. Who does the trap matter for? It matters for anyone learning a language. >> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next part. >> Ford could press a button in his office.

In the middle of a conversation in English, there is no button to summon help.

Nobody can supply your next sentence while a stranger waits or an examiner listens.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. >> Is there a button to summon help in an English conversation?

No. In the middle of a conversation in English, there is no button. Can someone supply your next sentence? or nobody

nobody can supply your next sentence while a stranger waits. Where could Ford press a button? Ford could press a button in his office. Now this is the last part. Let's bring it home. >> So think of your learning in two parts. What you carry in your head and what you know how to find.

The words you use every day must live in your head. Everything else can live on a shelf or in a teacher without cluttering your mind.

You do not need to recite everything. Carry what you use every day. Know where to find the rest.

All right, final questions. I want you to answer full sentences and let's go. Do you need to recite everything? No, you do not need to recite everything. Should everyday words live in your head or on a shelf?

The words you use every day must live in your head. What can live on a shelf without cluttering your mind? Everything else can live on a shelf or in a teacher.

The grammar we practice today, hedging, rich and powerful, he appears to be guilty of plain ignorance. Or maybe Hill, who loved a strong ending, polished it. The reply seems to live mainly in his book. So neither side truly won, and to some extent, the question the trial raised is still worth asking. Ford's real strength was arguably the

team he gathered, engineers whose expertise covered precisely what he did not know.

Congratulations. You practiced 59 words in this story and you learned a lot. Okay.

So if you think about it, you're learning very key lessons that are going to improve your your your whole mindset. That's amazing. Hard things about hard things. Um

Wow, that's amazing. Let's get into the story. Who tells them? >> Who tells them >> from the book The Hard Thing About Hard Things by Ben Horowitz. Layoff gladly. Paperwork relieved. Teammate soften. Dignity. Human resources. Reasoning. Keep your distance. Some decisions look like paperwork. This one shaped how hundreds of people would remember their worst day at work.

Ben Horowitz was running a young technology company when the internet bubble burst in the early 2000s. Customers vanished and money ran short.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. Can some decisions look like paperwork? Yes. Some decisions look like paperwork. Did the bubble burst in the early 2000s or the 1990s?

The internet bubble burst in the early 2000s. What happened to customers and money? Customers vanished and money ran short. >> Now back to the story. >> The company could not survive at its size. He would have to lay people off more than once.

In the hard thing about hard things, he describes those years with unusual cander and he does not blame bad luck.

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Could the company survive at its size?

>> No. The company could not survive at its size. Does Horowitz blame bad luck or not? He does not blame bad luck. What would he have to do more than once? He would have to lay people off more than once. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> Every layoff raises a practical question. Who will deliver the news to each

person?

Most companies let human resources or an outside firm handle the conversations and the paperwork while managers stay out of the room.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. >> Does every layoff raise a practical question?

>> Yes. Every layoff raises a practical question. In most companies, do managers deliver the news or human resources?

Most companies let human resources or an outside firm handle the conversations. What else do they handle besides the conversations? They handle the conversations and the paperwork. All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Now, imagine you are one of those managers. You hired these people and you know

their family's names.

Would you not be relieved if someone else did it? You could keep your distance. No tears, no anger, no questions you cannot answer.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Did you hire these people?

Yes, you hired these people and you know their famil family's names. Would you be relieved or upset if someone else did it? You would be relieved if someone else did it. What could you do if someone else did it? You could keep your distance. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story.

>> Many decent managers would take that exit gladly, and their reasoning would sound kind, gentler, more neutral.

Horowitz refused. His rule was simple and strict. He insisted that every manager personally lay off the people who report to them.

Did that make sense? Now let's check. Would many managers take that exit gladly?

Yes, many decent managers would take that exit gladly. Did Horovitz accept that exit or refuse? Harovitz refused? What did he insist that every manager do?

He insisted that every manager personally lay off the people who report to them. >> Now stories calling us. Let's continue. >> He demanded that nobody passed the job to human resources, a tougher colleague or an outside firm. Whoever hired you would tell you.

He also insisted that the message be honest. No manager could soften it into a story about cleaning up weak performers.

No, the floor is yours. Let's go. Did he demand that nobody pass the job to human resources?

Yes, he demanded that nobody passed the job to human resources. Did he insist that the message be honest or kind? He insisted that the message be honest. What could no manager soften the message into?

No manager could soften it into a story about cleaning up weak performers. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> The message had to be that the company had failed and that to move forward it would lose some excellent people. His

reasoning was about respect and dignity. Someone who gave you their effort deserves to hear the news from you face to face.

Okay, questions time. >> Was the message that the workers had failed?

>> No. The message had to be that the company had failed. Was his reasoning about money or about respect and dignity? [clears throat] His reasoning was about respect and dignity. How should someone hear the news? They deserve to hear the news from you face to face. Now relax your voice and let's continue

listening. >> Afterwards, it was vital that leaders stay visible. Help people pack, walk them out, and thank them for what they had built.

He also spoke carefully to the teammates who stayed because they were watching how the company trained people on a bad day.

That's amazing. Now you want to speak what you have read and listened. >> Was it vital that leaders stay visible? Yes, it was vital that leaders stay visible. Did he ignore the teammates who stayed or speak to them? He spoke carefully to the teammates who stayed. What were the teammates who stayed watching?

They were watching how the company treated people on a bad day. >> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next part. >> None of this made the pain disappear. [sighs and gasps] One angry employee, he recalls, accused him of lying. Layoffs remain brutal, whatever the method.

Even so, the company kept its culture and many of its best people through several rounds of cuts, and years later, it was sold.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? Did any of this make the pain disappear? No. None of this made the pain disappear. Are layoffs gentle or brutal? Layoffs remain brutal whatever the method. What did the company keep through the cuts?

The company kept its culture and many of its best people. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Respect is easy on good days. It is tested on the hardest ones. When every instinct tells you to keep your distance,

you will face smaller versions of this. A teammate who failed, a student you must correct, a friend you must disappoint.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Is respect easy on good days? Yes, respect is easy on good days. Does instinct tell you to come closer or to keep your distance? Every instinct tells you to keep your distance.

Who will you face in smaller versions of this?

You will face a template who failed or a student you must correct. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> The easy route is always available. Send a message. Let someone else say it. or soften the truth until it means nothing.

Many of us would take it gladly and feel relieved for an hour. The other person would remember it far longer.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Is the easy route always available? Yes, the easy route is always available. Would we feel relieved for an hour or for years? Many of us would take it gladly and feel relieved for an hour. What can you do to the truth? You can soften the truth until it means

nothing. Now, this is the time for the ending of the story. And here's the important the most important part basically. Let's continue. Respect demands that you show up yourself. Say plainly what happened and stay while the other person reacts.

Serving people is also about the dignity you leave them on a bad day.

So when the difficult conversation is yours, keep one rule. Deliver it yourself. Tell the truth and stay afterwards.

Last questions. Finish the story with the best answers possible. >> Does respect demand that you show up yourself?

Yes, respect demands that you show up yourself. Should you leave early or stay afterwards?

You should deliver it yourself, tell the truth, and stay afterwards. What do you leave people on a bad day?

Serving people is also about the dignity you leave them on a bad day.

The grammar we practice today, the subjunctive. His rule was simple and strict. He insisted that every manager personally lay off the people who report to them. He demanded that nobody pass the job to human resources, a tougher colleague or an outside firm. He also insisted that the message be honest. Afterwards, it was vital that leaders

stay visible, help people pack, walk them out, and thank them for what they had built.

Congratulations. You practiced 513 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Awesome. A full story in English. That's a huge huge achievement. Great job. So, let me stop you here for a second. people who have

Um,

Instagram, Tik Tok foreign.

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so fores.

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writing. Writing I will say

writing.

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activities

Fore

meaning there's

listening, reading, speaking, writing.

Awesome.

Onward Starbucks. Okay.

Let's get into the story. The memo that leaked. >> The memo that leaked from the book onward by Howard Schultz. >> Precious. Precious. Precious. Precious, precious, precious, precious. Water down, precious, precious. The watering down of the Starbucks experience. Howard Schultz wrote those words in February 2007 about the company he had built.

In about 10 years, Starbucks had grown from fewer than a thousand stores to roughly 13,000.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build [clears throat] full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. >> Did Schulz write about the watering down of the experience?

Yes, he wrote about the watering down of the Starbucks [clears throat] experience. Did he write those words in 2007 or 2017?

Howard Schultz wrote those words in February 2007. How many stores did Starbucks grow to? Starbucks had grown to roughly 13,000 stores. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. By any normal measure, it was a triumph. Sales were rising and investors were delighted.

He was chairman then, no longer running the company dayto-day. Yet he was worried. So he wrote a memo to its senior leaders.

speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. >> By any normal measure, was it a triumph?

Yes. By any normal measure, it was a triumph. Was he chief executive then or chairman? He was chairman then, no longer running the company dayto-day. [clears throat] What did he write to his senior leaders? He wrote a memo to its senior leaders. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue.

>> In it, he listed decisions that had each made sense of the time. Everyone had helped the company grow faster.

Take the espresso machines. The old ones were worked by hand and customers could watch the barista grind, press and pour.

No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit pressure. I want you to answer the questions in full sentences. Had each decision made sense at the time? Yes. The decisions had each made sense at the time. Were the old espresso machines automatic or worked by hand? The old ones were worked by hand. What could customers watch the barista

do? Customers could watch the barista grind, press, and pour. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> The arrival of automatic machines brought speed and consistency. They were also taller and blocked the customer's view of the drink being made.

Then was the coffee. Beans had once been scooped from bins in front of customers, filling the shop with their aroma.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Did the arrival of automatic machines bring speed?

Yes, the arrival of automatic machines brought speed and consistency. Were the new machines shorter or taller?

They were taller and blocked the customer's view of the drink being made. What filled the shop when beans were scooped? The beans filled the shop with their aroma. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> The switch to sealed bags kept coffee fresh across thousands of stores. Freshness improved while the aroma in the store faded.

Each change had a good reason. Together, he argued they had watered down the experience, draining the stores of their soul. until they felt like a chain.

Great speaking time. Now, let's jump into the speaking time. >> Did the switch to sealed bags keep coffee fresh?

Yes, the switch to sealed bags kept coffee fresh across thousands of stores. Did freshness improve or get worse? Freshness improved while the aroma in the store faded. What had the changes done to the experience?

They had watered down the experience, draining the stores of their soul. >> Okay, now listening mode. He named the danger with a heavy word, commoditization. Starbucks was starting to look like any other coffee shop.

The memo was meant to stay inside the company. Within 10 days, its appearance on a public blog had reporters quoting it.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Was the memo meant to stay inside the company?

>> Yes. The memo was meant to stay inside the company. Did Starbucks look special or like any other coffee shop? Starbucks was starting to look like any other coffee shop. What had reporters quoting the memo? Its appearance on a public blog had reporters quoting it. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed

it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Here is the first irony. A warning written privately for a few leaders was suddenly heard by everyone including competitors. Here is the second. Heard by everyone. It seemed to change little inside the company for most of that year. The tall machines stayed.

Awesome.

Now it's speaking turn. >> Was the warning written for everyone?

No. It was written privately for a few leaders. Did the memo change a lot or little inside the company? It seemed to change little inside the company for most of that year. What stayed? The tall machines stayed. Nice one. Let's continue. >> Within a year came a decline in customer visits and a sharp fall in the share price.

His return as chief executive followed in January 2008.

In onward, he describes the closure of thousands of American stores for 3 hours one evening to retrain baristas in making espresso properly.

Okay, speaking time, speak your mind. >> Was there a decline in customer visits?

>> Yes. Within a year came a decline in customer visits. Did his return come in January 2008 or 2010?

His return as chief executive followed in January 2008. What was the closure of thousands of stores for? It was to retrain baristas in making espresso properly. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> The retraining cost money and invited jokes. It also admitted in public [laughter] that growth had slowly drained away

something precious.

He had learned that growth that loses the soul of the work is decline. Even while the numbers still look like a triumph,

>> let's turn those ears into voice. >> Did the retraining cost money?

Yes, the retraining cost money and invited jokes. Had growth drained away something cheap or something precious. Growth had slowly drained away something precious. What is growth that loses the soul of the work? Growth that loses the soul of the work is decline. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Ambitious people are especially exposed

to this trap. We love growth, so we count followers, hours, and pages.

You finish more lessons every week, yet the freshness has gone. Somewhere along the way, you stopped listening closely or speaking aloud.

>> Okay, questions time. >> Are ambitious people exposed to this trap?

Yes, ambitious people are especially exposed to this trap. Has the freshness stayed or gone? The freshness has gone. You stopped listening closely. What do we count? We count followers, hours, and pages. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> The numbers look better every month. Meanwhile, the most precious part of your practice, slow and careful

attention, has been automated away.

Nobody writes you a memo about it. You have to notice it yourself before an exam or an interview does.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Do the numbers look better every month?

Yes, the numbers look better every month. Will somebody write you a memo or must you notice it?

Nobody writes your memo. You have to notice it yourself. What is the most precious part of your practice?

The most precious part of your practice is slow and careful attention. >> Now, this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> So, look honestly at your routine. What change did you make for speed that now blocks your view of the real work?

And what would it take to close your own shop for one evening and learn to make the espresso properly again?

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. >> Should you look honestly at your routine? >> Yes. Look honestly at your routine. Did you make that change for speed or for quality?

You made the change for speed and now it blocks your view. What could you learn to make properly again? You could learn to make the espresso properly. Again,

the grammar we practice today, nominalization. The arrival of automatic machines brought speed and consistency. The switch to sealed bags kept coffee fresh across thousands of stores. Within 10 days, its appearance on a public blog had reporters quoting it. Within a year came a decline in customer visits and a sharp fall in the share

price. Congratulations. You practiced 515 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's awesome. Congratulations and let's keep going. Ego is the enemy.

is

worse.

Let's jump into the story. Stainless. >> Stainless from the book. Ego is the enemy by Ryan Holiday. Charismatic. Bankrupt. Collector. Cult. Icon. Cease. Stainless. Restore. Gifted. Harden. It is still one of the most recognizable cars ever made. Brushed stainless steel, no paint, and doors that lift like wings.

The man whose name it carries had once been one of the brightest stars in the American car industry.

That's amazing. I want you to listen to the questions and answer in sentences. Build full sentences, not just words. Okay, let's go. Is the car made of brushed stainless steel?

Yes, the car has brushed stainless steel, no paint, and doors that lift like wings. Do its doors lift like wings or slide like windows? Its doors lift like wings? who had once been one of the brightest stars.

The man whose name the car catis had once been one of the brightest stars. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. At General Motors, John Delorean was the rebel who delivered. Creating hit cars, bending rules, and climbing faster than almost anyone.

He was charismatic and famously impatient with committees. And for years that confidence did make him valuable.

>> Okay, questions time. >> Did his confidence make him valuable?

>> Yes. For years his confidence did make him valuable. Was he charismatic or shy?

He was charismatic and famously impatient with committees. Where did John Delorean climb faster than almost anyone? He climbed faster than almost anyone at General Motors. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> In 1973, he left one of the top jobs in the company, convinced he could build a better car on his own terms.

His

new company promised a safe, longlasting stainless steel sports car. Investors and even a national government wanted to believe.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. >> Did he stay at General Motors after 1973?

No. In 1973, he left one of the top jobs in the company. Did his company promise a stainless steel car or a cheap car?

It promised a safe, longlasting stainless steel sports car who wanted to believe in the new company. Investors and even a national government wanted to believe. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> The British government funded a factory in Northern Ireland, hoping it would bring thousands of jobs to a troubled

region.

On paper, it was a triumph of vision. Inside the problems were piling up faster than the cars.

Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did the British government fund a factory?

Yes, the British government did fund a factory in Northern Ireland. Was the factory in Northern Ireland or in America? The factory was in Northern Ireland. What was piling up faster than the cars

inside? The problems were piling up faster than the cars. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. A car ended up heavy and underpowered, and its price arrived at roughly [snorts] double the figure first promised.

Early cars suffered, doors stuck, parts failed, and dealers complained because everything had been rushed.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now it's over to you to answer them. >> Was the car light and powerful?

No. The car ended up heavy and underpowered. Did the doors stick or work perfectly? The doors stuck and parts failed. Why did the early cars suffer? They suffered because everything had been rushed. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. By most accounts, including the one Ryan Holiday gives, the charismatic founder

was often far from the details, busy with image and new ventures.

Warnings did reach him. He seems to have treated them the way he had once treated committees, as obstacles raised by smaller minds.

Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. Did warnings reach him? Yes, warnings did reach him. Was the charismatic founder close to the details or far from them? He was often far from the details, busy with image. How did he treat the warnings?

He treated them as obstacles raised by smaller minds. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. >> The trait that had built his success was now shielding him from bad news. His confidence had hardened into a wall.

In 1982, the company went bankrupt, far short of the sales it needed, and thousands of workers lost their jobs.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Did his confidence harden into a wall?

Yes, his confidence had hardened into a wall. Did the company grow or go bankrupt in 1982? In 1982, the company went bankrupt. Who lost their jobs? Thousands of workers lost their jobs. See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> Thud. That is the sound those famous doors

make when they close. And also the sound of a dream shutting on its dreamer.

Then came the irony. In the years that followed, the car became a cult icon, restored and treasured by collectors around the world. [clears throat]

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Do the famous doors make a thud when they close?

Yes, the doors do make a thud when they close. Did the car become a [clears throat] cult icon or a forgotten car? The car became a cult icon. Who restored and treasured the car? Collectors around the world restored and treasured it. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> The car did finally achieve the fame its

maker had wanted just after the company that built it had ceased to exist.

collectors still restore those cars with love. Yet no cult icon can restore the jobs that were lost.

Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Did the car finally achieve fame?

Yes, the car did finally achieve the fame its maker had wanted. Had the company ceased to exist, or was it still building cars? The company that built it had ceased to exist. What can no cult icon restore? No cult icon can restore the jobs that were lost. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep

moving. >> The lesson is not that Delorean lacked ability. His problem was that he believed his own story completely.

Believing your own story can bankrupt you. It makes you hear warnings as insults and treat past success as proof of future success.

>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. Did Delorean have ability?

Yes, Delorean did have ability. Was that he believed his own story? Can believing your own story make you rich or bankrupt?

Believing your own story can bankrupt you. How does it make you hear warnings? It makes you hear warnings as insults. >> Okay. Now, listening mode. The most dangerous moment is often success when habits harden and people say the ordinary rules do not apply to you.

You may have your own version. The student always top of the class or the employee everyone calls gifted.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Is failure always the most dangerous moment?

No, the most dangerous moment is often success. Do habits harden or soften in success?

Habits harden and people say the ordinary rules do not apply to you. What does everyone call the employee? Everyone calls the employee gifted. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Being gifted does matter. The danger is the temptation to cease checking the details because your reputation already feels like enough.

Keep people near you who will say the doors are sticking and thank them when they do.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Does being gifted matter? >> Yes, being gifted does matter. Is the danger to cease checking details or to check too much? The danger is the temptation to cease checking the details. Who should you keep near you?

Keep people who will say the doors are sticking. >> And now the big finish. >> Money follows the same rule. Independence is built by reading your numbers honestly, [gasps] not by admiring your own legend.

Confidence may build the car, and only humility keeps it on the road.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. >> Does money follow the same rule? >> Yes, money does follow the same rule. Is independence built by reading numbers or admiring your legend? It is built by reading your numbers

honestly. What keeps the car on the road? Only humility keeps it on the road.

The grammar we practice today, emphatic, do, did. He was charismatic and famously impatient with committees, and for years that confidence did make him valuable. Warnings did reach him. The car did finally achieve the fame its maker had wanted, just after the company that built it had ceased to exist. Being gifted does matter.

Congratulations. You practiced 519 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Well done. And here's the thing. You are constantly learning something new. You're learning how to think in an ambitious way.

And that's amazing. The power of habit.

Let's get into the story. The finishing touch. >> The finishing touch from the book The Power of Habit by Charles Doohig. Relaunch. Marketer. Whiz. Overwhelming. Untouched. Attach perfume fabric finishing touch shrink. There is a comforting belief in business. Build something that genuinely works and customers will find it. A great product sells itself.

In the mid 1990s, the consumer giant PNG had exactly that kind of product, a spray that could remove bad smells from almost any fabric.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. In the comforting belief, does a great product sell itself?

Yes. In that belief, a great product sells itself. Did the spray remove smells from fabric or from metal? It removed bad smells from almost any fabric. When did PNG have that kind of product? PNG had that kind of product in the mid 1990s. >> That was amazing. Now, let's continue and enjoy the story. Smoke in a jacket,

a dog on the sofa, odor in a car. Spray the fabric, let it dry, and gone was the smell.

A young marketer named Drake Stimson, once a mathematics wiz, was put in charge of launching it. The product was called Febreze.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. After spraying, was the smell gone?

Yes. Spray the fabric, let it dry, and gone was the smell. Was Stimson a marketer or a scientist? He was a young marketer, once a mathematics whiz. What was the product called? The product was called Febreze. Okay. Okay, now listening mode. >> The marketers were sure it would be a hit. Almost every home had some bad smell.

They tested it in a few American cities with advertisements about unpleasant smells. Sales were tiny and within weeks they were shrinking.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Were the marketers sure it would be a hit? Yes, the marketers were sure it would be a hit. Did sales grow or shrink? Within weeks, sales were shrinking. Where did they test it? They tested it in a few American cities.

>> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> Perfect as the product was, almost nobody seemed to want it. And not even a mathematics whiz could explain why.

This is where the myth breaks. In the power of habit, Charles Doohig describes how the team went into homes to find out why.

Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to speak. >> Could a mathematics whiz explain why nobody wanted it?

No, not even a mathematics whiz could explain why. Was the product perfect or broken?

Perfect as the product was, almost nobody seemed to want it. who describes how the team went into homes. Charles Doohig describes it in the power of habit. Here's on. Now, let's come to the next part. >> One visit stayed with them. A woman kept nine cats, and overwhelming as the smell was to the

researchers, she noticed nothing.

That was the whole problem in one room. People get used to the smells in their own homes, so they never feel the need.

>> Now test yourself. >> Did the woman notice the smell of her cats?

No. Overwhelming as the smell was to the researchers, she noticed nothing. Did she keep nine cats or nine dogs? She kept nine cats. Why do people never feel the need? They get used to the smells in their own homes. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. >> Close to desperate, Stimson's team studied hours of video of people

cleaning, searching for a routine the product could fit.

Then they noticed something small. After cleaning a room, people often made a final little gesture like smoothing a bed cover.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did the team study hours of video?

Yes. Stimson's team studied hours of video of people cleaning. Were they calm or close to desperate? They were close to desperate. What gesture did people make after cleaning? They made a final little gesture like smoothing a bed cover. >> Nice one. Let's continue. >> Strange as it seemed, one woman sprayed Fbreze at the end of her cleaning, not

to kill a smell, but as a small reward.

That little sound, he and his colleagues realized, could [snorts] be attached to the last step of an existing habit.

>> Speaking time. Try answering with words you just heard. Go ahead. Did the woman spray for breeze to kill a smell?

No. Strange as it seemed, she sprayed it as a small reward. Did she spray it at the start or the end of cleaning? She sprayed it at the end of her cleaning. What could the sound be attached to?

It could be attached to the last step of an existing habit. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> So for the relaunch, Stimson and his team added more perfume and new advertisements showed people spraying freshly cleaned rooms and newlymade beds.

Fbreze was no longer a cure for bad smells. It was the finishing touch. After the relaunch in 1998, sales quickly doubled, an overwhelming response.

>> Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now, it's over to you to answer them. Did they add more perfume for the relaunch?

Yes, for the relaunch they added more perfume. Was Fbreze now a cure or the finishing touch? It was the finishing touch. What happened to sales after the relaunch?

Sales quickly doubled. An overwhelming response. Great job. Now, back to the story. >> Within a year, customers spent around $230 million on it. Apart from the extra perfume, the chemical had barely changed. Its place in people's day had

so myth is only half true. A new product must fit a routine people already have or even a brilliant one sits untouched

speaking time. I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. >> Had the chemical changed much?

>> No. Apart from the extra perfume, the chemical had barely changed. Did customers spend that money within a year or 10 years?

Within a year, customers spent around $230 million. What happens to a brilliant product that fits no routine? Even a brilliant one sits untouched. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's keep it up and jump into the story. >> The same is true of habits you try to sell to yourself. You probably have excellent products on

your shelf already.

A grammar book, a vocabulary app, a paid course. Each one works and each sits untouched because it has no place in your day.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Do you probably have excellent products on your shelf?

Yes, you probably have excellent products on your shelf already. Does each one work or is each one broken? Each one works. Why does each one sit untouched?

Each sits untouched because it has no place in your day. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> You do not notice the gap just as that woman could not smell her own cats.

Instead of demanding more discipline, which tends to shrink, look at a routine you already finish daily, like your morning coffee.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Do you notice the gap? No, you do not notice the gap. Should you demand more discipline or look at a routine? Look at a routine you already finish daily. What tends to shrink? Discipline tends to shrink. >> That's it. This is the last part of the

story. Give it your best. >> What could become its finishing touch? Perhaps 5 minutes of listening after coffee.

So ask yourself tonight, which daily routine could your English attach itself to starting tomorrow.

Here's the last questions. I want you to give them everything you've got. >> Could listening after coffee become a finishing touch?

Yes. 5 minutes of listening after coffee could become its finishing touch. Should you ask yourself tonight or next year? Ask yourself tonight, what could your English attach itself to? Your English could attach itself to a daily routine.

The grammar we practice today, fronting for emphasis. Spray the fabric, let it dry, and gone was the smell. Perfect as the product was, almost nobody seemed to want it, and not even a mathematics whiz could explain why. A woman kept nine cats, and overwhelming as the smell was to the researchers, she noticed nothing.

Strange as it seemed, one woman sprayed Febreze at the end of her cleaning, not to kill a smell, but as a small reward.

Congratulations. You practiced 516 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> That's amazing. If you notice something

and you you're doing it at the same time. That's such a great accomplishment mindset.

Growth mindset.

It's It's such a great book.

Let's jump into the story The Talent Machine. >> The [snorts] talent machine from the book Mindset by Carol S. Dwick. [clears throat] Innovative. Blunt nickname. Disguise. Briefly, generously rank and yank. Pile up. Nod along. Give way. Look at this record. Six years in a row, a leading business magazine named one American company the most innovative in

the country.

The company was Enron, a Houston energy giant that at its peak seemed to be everywhere, from gas pipelines to online trading.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> Was one company named the most innovative six years in a row?

Yes. A leading business magazine named it the most [gasps] innovative for six years. Was Enron an energy giant or a car maker? Enron was a Houston energy giant. Where did Enron seem to be? Hits seem to be everywhere from gas pipelines to online trading. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen. >> Much of its reputation rested on one

man, Jeffrey Skielling, a former consultant who became its president and briefly its chief executive.

Skilling believed talent was the secret of business success and he helped build a machine to find and reward it.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. >> Was skilling chief executive for a long time? >> No, he was its chief executive only briefly. Did Skiling believe in talent or in luck? Skiilling believed talent was the secret of business success. What did he help build?

He helped build a machine to find and reward talent. Nice one. Let's continue. >> Enron hired the brightest graduates from the best universities, paid them generously, and promoted them fast.

Every year, employees were ranked against one another and those at the bottom were pushed out.

>> Let's see what stayed in your mind. Let's go. >> Did Enron pay its graduates generously?

Yes, Enron paid them generously and promoted them fast. Were the employees at the top or the bottom pushed out? Those [clears throat] at the bottom were pushed out. How often were employees ranked? Every year, employees were ranked against one another. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> Inside the company, the review system

earned a blunt nickname, rank and yank. And everyone knew which side of the line to be on.

On paper, the system behind the nickname sounded perfect. After all, who could object to a company full of geniuses?

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Was the nickname polite?

>> No. The review system earned a blunt nickname. Was the nickname rank and yank or rank and reward? The nickname was rank and yank. How did the system sound on paper? On paper, the system behind the nickname sounded perfect. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> You might object that hiring clever

people is simply good sense. And it is. The question is what a company teaches them to value.

Carol Dwek, the psychologist behind Mindset, points to Enron as a warning, drawing on an article by Malcolm Gladwell. Well,

>> go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Is hiring clever people good sense?

Yes. Hiring clever people is simply good sense. Does Dwick point to Enron as a model or a warning? She points to Enron as a warning. What is the real question? The question is what a company teaches them to value. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. >> In a culture that prizes talent above

everything, she argues people feel they must look brilliant at every moment.

In such a place, admitting a mistake feels like proof that you were never a genius. Everyone would rather the errors stayed out of sight.

Let's turn those ears into voice. Must people look brilliant at every moment in such a culture.

Yes, people feel they must look brilliant at every moment. Would everyone rather the errors stayed hidden or were seen? Everyone would rather the errors stayed out of sight. What does admitting a mistake feel like there? It feels like proof that you were never a genius. >> Great job. Now, back to the story.

>> Mistakes then were not admitted. Bad deals were disguised and debts and losses were moved where investors could not see them.

For a while, the numbers looked wonderful, and the company acted as if the losses did not [applause] exist.

Now, the table's turn. I'm going to ask you questions. You're going to do the talking. Let's go. >> Did the company act as if the losses did not exist?

Yes. The company acted as if the losses did not exist. Were bad deals admitted or disguised? Bad deals were disguised. Where were debts and losses moved? They were moved where investors could not see them. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. The trouble with hidden losses is that they do not disappear.

They grow quietly in the dark, piling up like water behind a wall.

In 2001, the wall gave way. Enron became one of the largest bankruptcies in American history and thousands lost their jobs and savings.

That's amazing. Now we want to speak what you have read and listened. Do hidden losses disappear?

No. They grow quietly in the dark, piling up like water. Did the wall hold or give way in 2001?

In 2001, the wall gave way. What did thousands lose? Thousands lost their jobs and savings. Good job. Let's continue the story. A company built to gather the smartest people had made one of the most foolish mistakes in business history.

Its people were not stupid. They had been paid generously to learn that looking smart mattered more than telling the truth.

Now the floor is yours. Let's go. >> Were Enron's people stupid? No, its people were not stupid. Did they learn that truth or looking smart mattered more? They learned that looking smart mattered more than telling the truth. How had they been paid? They had been paid generously. >> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's

keep it up and jump into the story. >> A place that prizes talent above everything teaches people to hide their mistakes. And hidden mistakes are usually the most expensive kind.

Classrooms can run their own quiet rank and yank. Students who want to seem clever stop asking questions and disguise what they do not understand.

Okay, questions time. >> Are hidden mistakes usually cheap?

>> No. Hidden mistakes are usually the most expensive kind. Do clever students ask questions or disguise what they do not understand.

They stop asking questions and disguise what they do not understand. What can classrooms run?

>> Classrooms can run their own quiet rank and yank. >> Now, back to the story. In an English class, it looks like nodding along as though you understood every word or staying silent so nobody hears your errors.

It feels safe. The blunt truth is that nodding along is the Enron strategy in miniature. Protecting an image while the real losses pile up.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. Do learners nod along as though they understood?

Yes, they nod along as though they understood every word. Is nodding along truly safe or the Enron strategy?

The blunt truth is that nodding along is the Enron strategy in miniature. What piles up while you protect an image. The real losses pile up. >> And now the big finish. It is time your mistakes were seen early while they are small and cheap before anything gives way. Looking foolish briefly is where ability

grows.

Six years as America's most innovative company, and not one award could protect a company that had forgotten how to admit a mistake.

Awesome. This is the final questions for this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave anything on the table. Try to answer every single question. Go ahead. Is it time your mistakes were seen early?

Yes. It is time your mistakes were seen early while they are small. Should mistakes be seen before or after something gives way. They should be seen early before anything gives way. Where does ability grow? Looking foolish briefly is where ability grows.

The grammar we practice today unreal past. Everyone would rather the errors stayed out of sight. For a while the numbers looked wonderful and the company acted as if the losses did not exist. In an English class, it looks like nodding along as though you understood every word or staying silent so nobody hears your errors.

It is time your mistakes were seen early while they are small and cheap before anything gives way. Congratulations. You practiced 519 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Honestly, well done. And uh this is the important thing. You you're you're improving your English. You're improving your mindset. And that's going to make you a undestroyable

man or or like undesirable guy. So that's amazing.

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Let's jump into the story. The vital few. The vital few from the book The 8020 Principle by Richard Kosh. Deceptively trivial defect. Evenly uninterested. Boom. Overtake. Shorthand. Survival. death. Today, when people buy a Japanese car, they usually expect it to start every morning and run for years without much trouble.

After the Second World War, the label made in Japan was widely seen as shorthand for cheap goods that broke easily.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. >> After the war, was made in Japan shorthand for cheap goods.

Yes. Made in Japan was widely seen as shorthand for [gasps] cheap goods. that broke easily. Do people expect a Japanese car to break or to run for years? They expect it to run for years without much trouble. What did the label made in Japan once suggest? >> It suggested cheap goods that broke

easily. >> Nice one. Let's continue. It would once have sounded like a joke to say that the same label was to become shorthand for goods that simply worked.

Part of that change began with a Romanian-born American engineer named Joseph Juran and one deceptively simple idea.

Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the questions. >> Was the same label to become shorthand for goods that worked?

Yes. The same label was to become shorthand for goods that simply worked. Was Juran's idea deceptively simple or truly complicated? It was deceptively simple. Who was Joseph Juran?

He was a Romanianborn American engineer with one deceptively simple idea. >> All right, let's see if you've guessed it right. Let's go to the next part of the story. >> Jeran had noticed in factory after factory the problems were not spread evenly. A small number of causes produced most of the defects.

He called those causes the vital few and the rest the trivial many. Fix the vital few first, he argued, and quality rises dramatically.

>> Speaking time, I don't want you to overthink it. Just open your mouth and just talk whatever you remember from the story. Were problems spread evenly across the factories? No. Problems were not spread evenly. Did a small number of causes produce most defects or only a few? A small number of causes produced most

of the defects. What did Juran call the rest of the causes? He called them the trivial many. Great answers. Let's see what happens now. It sounds deceptively obvious, which is exactly why it was so easy to overlook. [gasps]

In 1951, he published a thick handbook on quality control and tried to interest American companies in it. Awesome.

Quiz time. Let's jump into it. >> Was the idea easy to overlook?

Yes, it sounds deceptively obvious, so it was easy to overlook. Did he publish a thin pamphlet or a thick handbook? He published a thick handbook on quality control. When did Juran publish his handbook? He published it in 1951. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> They were polite and largely uninterested.

Industry was booming and managers saw little reason to change. His

handbook was to find its most attentive readers far from home. In 1954, a union of Japanese scientists and engineers invited him to teach

Okay, questions time. >> Were American companies interested in the handbook? No, they were polite and largely uninterested. Was the handbook to find its readers at home or far from home? It was to find its most attentive readers far from home. Why did American managers see little reason to change? because industry was booming.

>> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. >> He lectured to senior executives and they listened as though their survival depended on it, which in a sense it did.

For companies rebuilding after the war, quality was not a trivial matter. It was a question of survival.

Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? Did the Japanese executives listened closely?

Yes, they listened as though their survival depended on it. Was quality a trivial matter or a question of survival? It was a question of survival. Who did Juran lecture to? He lectured to senior executives. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. Japanese firms went hunting for their own vital few, fixing the small number

of causes behind most of their defects year after year.

For decades, the gap grew slowly and almost invisibly. [clears throat] Then in the 1970s and 1980s, it became impossible to ignore.

>> Now test yourself. Did Japanese firms fix the causes behind their defects?

Yes, they fixed the small number of causes behind most of their defects. Did the gap grow quickly or slowly? It grew slowly and almost invisibly. When did the gap become impossible to ignore?

It became impossible to ignore in the 1970s and 1980s. >> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen. Japanese cars and electronics were overtaking American ones on quality, and customers noticed long before managers admitted it.

Within a few decades, the firms that listened were to overtake the booming firms that had politely looked away.

Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly as much as you can. Were Japanese cars overtaking American ones on quality?

Yes, Japanese cars and electronics were overtaking American ones. Were the listening firms to overtake the booming firms or fall behind?

They were to overtake the booming firms that had looked away. Who noticed the change first? Customers noticed long before managers admitted it. >> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. Maybe it was pride. Maybe success simply makes people deaf to warnings because every warning seems to insult what is working.

The irony is sharp. Some of the best advice on quality came from an American. And America, once so uninterested, was among the last to use it.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. Was America quick to use the advice?

No. America, once so uninterested, was among the last to use it. Does success make people deaf to warnings? or eager for them. Maybe success simply makes people death to warnings. Where did some of the best advice on quality come from? It came from an American. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the

story. Richard Kosh in the 8020 principle calls him one of the ideas great champions.

In time, American companies came back to him, and he was to keep teaching into old age, pressing the same few ideas.

>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. >> Did Juran stop teaching when he was old?

No, he was to keep teaching into old age. Does Cotch call him a champion or a critic of the idea? Cotch calls him one of the ideas great champions. What did American companies do in time in time? They came back to him. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. Often the most useful idea in

the room is the one everyone nods at politely and then ignores because it means admitting you could do better.

Your mistakes in English are not spread evenly either. A small set of repeated errors causes most of the damage in your writing or speaking.

Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind. >> Are your mistakes in English spread evenly?

No, your mistakes in English are not spread evenly either. Do many errors or a small set cause most of the damage?

A small set of repeated errors causes most of the damage. What do people often do with the most useful idea? They nod at it politely and then ignore it. And now the big finish. >> A teacher has probably pointed at them already. Did you listen or did you nod politely and stay deaf

like those comfortable managers?

So the next time you receive feedback, do not ask whether it sounds impressive. Ask whether it points at one of your vital few.

The last round of questions. Let's end on a high note. Okay, let's go. >> Has a teacher probably pointed at your mistakes already? Yes, her teacher has probably pointed at them already. Did the comfortable managers listen or stay deaf? They nodded politely and stayed deaf. What should you ask about feedback? Ask whether it points at one of your

vital few.

The grammar we practiced today, future in the past. It would once have sounded like a joke to say that the same label was to become shorthand for goods that simply worked. His handbook was to find its most attentive readers far from home. Within a few decades, the firms that listened were to overtake the booming

firms that had politely looked away. In time, American companies came back to him, and he was to keep teaching into old age, pressing the same few ideas.

Congratulations. You practiced 57 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> See, that wasn't hard.

This is amazing. Let's keep it up. outliers.

Let's jump into the story The Missing Word. >> The missing word from the book Outliers by Malcolm Gladwell. Afterthought. Mitigate. Decode. Brisk. Wreckage. Mortal. Holding pattern. Politeness. Cushion. Resist the urge. It is a winter night in 1990 and a jet from Colombia is circling in the dark above New York.

Controllers send the jet into a holding pattern, a slow loop in the sky. Then another. And then a third.

Now, we're going to hear a question. I want you to answer it loudly in full sentences. Okay, let's go. Is the jet circling above New York?

Yes. A jet from Colombia is circling in the dark above New York. Is it a summer night or a winter night? It is a winter night in 1990. Where do controllers send the jet?

They send it into a holding pattern, a slow loop in the sky. >> Now relax your voice and let's continue listening. More than an hour passes. In the cockpit, the crew watchs the fuel gauges fall.

The captain speaks little English. So the young co-pilot, Maldithio Clotsz, handles every conversation with the ground.

A quick check before we move on. I want you to answer these questions. >> Does the captain speak good English? >> No, the captain speaks little English. Do the fuel gauges rise or fall? The crew watch the fuel gauges fall. Who handles every conversation with the ground? The young co-pilot Maritsio Clots does.

>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep moving. >> At one point, he mentions that they can no longer reach their backup airport. He says it quietly as information, not an alarm.

The controller hears a routine update and gives routine instructions. The plane keeps circling.

Spotlight now is on you. I want you to answer the questions by actually talking. Let's go. >> Does he say it as an alarm?

>> No. He says it quietly as information, not an alarm. Does the controller hear an alarm or a routine update? He hears a routine update. What can they no longer reach? They can no longer reach their backup airport. >> Good job. Let's continue the story. >> At last, they are cleared to land.

Strong winds throw them off the approach, and they must climb away and try again.

Now the tanks are nearly empty. The captain tells his co-pilot to inform the controllers that they are in an emergency.

Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it. Do they land on the first try?

No. Strong winds throw them off the approach. Are the tanks full or nearly empty? The tanks are nearly empty. What does the captain tell his co-pilot?

He tells him to inform the controllers that they are in an emergency. >> Now story is calling us. Let's continue. The co-pilot keys the radio. Told to declare an emergency, he never does so. He adds almost as an afterthought that they are running out of fuel.

Imagine you are the controller. Dozens of voices fill your headset and many crews in a holding pattern are low on fuel.

All right, time to prove your focusing. Let's jump into it. Does the co-pilot declare an emergency?

No. Told to declare an emergency, he never does so. Is the fuel his main message or an afterthought? He adds it. almost as an afterthought. Which crews are low on fuel? Many crews in a holding pattern are low on fuel. >> Great answers. Let's see what happens now. >> A calm voice says they are running out

of fuel. Nobody says the one word that would clear the sky. Emergency.

Would you decode that calm voice as a crew in mortal danger? Probably not.

Let's turn those ears into voice. >> Would you decode the calm voice as mortal danger? No, probably not. It is a calm voice. Does someone say emergency or does nobody say it? Nobody says the one word that would clear the sky. What one word would clear the sky?

Emergency is the one word that would clear the sky. >> Great job. Now, back to the story. >> So, you treat it as routine. You ask whether a longer route is fine with their fuel, and he answers that he guesses so.

Minutes later, the engines stop one after another. The jet comes down on a wooded hillside on Long Island.

Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm going to ask you questions. Now, it's over to you to answer them. >> Does the co-pilot say the longer route is fine? >> Yes. He answers that he guesses. So, do the engines keep running or stop? The engines stop one after another. Where does the jet come down?

It comes down on a wooded hillside on Long Island. >> Okay, now listening mode. >> 73 people lose their lives. Many others survive, pulled from the wreckage by rescuers and neighbors.

There was no bomb in the wreckage and no mechanical failure. The plane simply ran out of fuel near one of the world's busiest airports.

Here's where you do the talking. Go ahead and talk and build me full sentences. >> Was there a bomb in the wreckage? >> No, there was no bomb in the wreckage. Did the plane fail mechanically or simply run out of fuel? The plane simply ran out of fuel. Who pulled survivors from the wreckage?

Rescuers and neighbors pulled them from the wreckage. Nice one. Let's continue. >> Why would a crew in mortal danger speak so softly? Part of the answer lies in how we speak to those above us.

Researchers call it mitigated speech, softening a message out of respect, fear, or politeness. So the listener must guess your meaning.

>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and speak. >> Was the crew in mortal danger?

Yes, the crew was in mortal danger, yet they spoke softly. Does mitigated speech make a message stronger or softer? Mitigated speech softens a message. Why do people mitigate their speech?

They soften it out of respect, fear, or politeness. >> See, English is already coming out of you. Now listen and let's continue. Where authority is deeply respected, a junior pilot may hint to a senior one and a crew to a brisk controller.

Hints work when the listener has time to decode them. That night, nobody did.

Okay, questions time. Let's jump into it. >> Did anyone have time to decode the hints that night?

>> No, that night nobody did. Does a junior pilot hint or give orders? A junior pilot may hint to a senior one. Who may a crew hint to? A crew may hint to a brisk controller. >> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the story. >> The warning was given, but as an afterthought.

A brisk controller needed the plain word, not a mitigated one.

Say it clearly. Politeness and directness are not enemies. You can be respectful and direct.

>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to answer the questions? >> Did the Brisk controller need a mitigated word?

No, he needed the plain word, not a mitigated one. Can you be respectful and direct or only one of them? You can be respectful and direct. How was the warning given? It was given but as an afterthought. Here's on. Now let's come to the next part. >> Many of us learned English as a language

of cushioning. Could you possibly I was wondering if it's no trouble. Those phrases are valuable. They become dangerous only when they cushion the one sentence that matters.

Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. Are those cushioning phrases valuable? Yes, those phrases are valuable. Did many of us learn a language of cushioning or of commands? Many of us learned English as a language of cushioning. When do these phrases become dangerous? When they cushion the one sentence that matters.

Now this is the final part. I want you to focus and jump into it. >> So try a small experiment. this week. The next time you do not understand a teacher, resist the urge to nod.

Resist the urge to hint too. If you do not understand, say so. And notice how much faster everything moves.

>> One final question, bro. You've done the whole thing. Now, let's do the final one. >> Should you nod when you do not understand?

No. Resist the urge to nod. Should you hint or say so? If you do not understand, say so. What will you notice? He will notice how much faster everything moves.

The grammar we practice today, ellipsis and substitution. Told to declare an emergency, he never does so. He adds almost as an afterthought that they are running out of fuel. Probably not. You ask whether a longer route is fine with their fuel, and he answers that he guesses so. Where authority is deeply respected, a

junior pilot may hint to a senior one and a crew to a brisk controller. Congratulations. You practiced 514 words in this story and you learned a lot. >> Congratulations.

You have completed the 100 hours. This is crazy.

Alpha broke. Congratulations. like

like honestly like

YouTube like this is crazy

to be very honest. Please let me know please. Um, wow. That's going to be insane. That's going to be crazy.

That's

awesome. That's amazing. Please keep it up. Villain come video.