Whole of Cell Biology | GCSE Bio Paper 1 | AQA Combined Science, Higher

hello and welcome today we're going to do a run through of the whole of the first topic for AQA gcsc biology we're starting with cell structure so in terms of cell structure we have our ukari and our ukar are animals and plants here is a cell from an animal and here is a cell

from a plant we need to know the labels for each of these they both have a nucleus the job of the nucleus is to control the cell activities remember it also contains DNA which is for protein synthesis which we'll look at later the cytoplasm this is where chemical reactions take place the cell membrane

we can see is on the outside of the animal cell and just inside the gray cell wall on the plant cell this controls what goes in and out of the cell we often call it partially permeable we then have these parts here that are very tiny so I've magnified further the top one here is the

ribosomes these make proteins from amino acids called protein synthesis and these are mitochondria they release energy by respiration remember not to say produce energy do not say produce energy they release energy by respiration these are too small to be seen with a light microscope we need something called an electron microscope which we'll look at

shortly plant cells only have a cell wall which is for strength and support and it's made of a substance called cellulose this is the sap vacu this contains something called cell sap a sugary solution and this is a chloroplast it contains a green substance called chlorophyll to absorb sunlight for photosynthesis all these parts are

referred to as subcellular structures let's take a look at the procario these are usually bacterial cells they have no nucleus they have no mitochondria in fact they don't have any subcellular structures that have a membrane here is a diagram of a procaryotic cell lots of labels we know already the cytoplasm where the chemical