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SUPERVOLCANO Yellowstone Movie Full 2 Hours — Transcript · YTtoTranscript

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SUPERVOLCANO Yellowstone Movie Full 2 Hours

Jazz Brodi · 13,080 words · 65 min read · EN

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Below is the complete, readable transcript of SUPERVOLCANO Yellowstone Movie Full 2 Hours by Jazz Brodi on YouTube. Read the full text, copy any part you need, or generate a transcript for any video with our free tool.

[Music]

Lo

[Music]

you be right under here get ready to

down all right hold up hold up hey keep her coming you [Music] okay set me down the computer [Music] my name is Richard liberman I am the uh scientist in charge of I was the scientist in charge of Yellowstone Volcano [Music] Observatory I'm not sure what day it is uh and and I'm not precisely sure if the

eruption is over trapped here in a some kind of military installation and some God mistak a part of Colorado we've got no food and we've got no power and uh the ashall has contaminated the water supply the air is so thick with that that we can barely breathe these these men that I'm

with they think if we stay put that we're going to be rescued but I honest to God believe that we just watch and wait we're as good as dead

[Music] [Applause] [Music]

[Music]

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before it all happened many visitors to Yellowstone were blissfully unaware that it was volcanic after all where was the cone-shaped volcano like mountains and Helens or vivus they didn't realize that they were actually standing on top of it that beneath their feet was one of the largest volcanoes in the world the truth

is we were only just beginning to understand the workings of the park ourselves and Virgil the virtual geophysical Imaging laboratory well that was going to help us or at least uh that's with our boss Michael eldrich tried to persuade the Press with it we can input data from seismometers GPS instruments and video

cameras strategically positioned around the park to produce a living breathing 3D model of what's Happening Here at Yellowstone Virgil can also help us to understand the parks Beating Heart the vast reservoir of red hot molten rock that lies just a few kilometers beneath where you're sitting now the sleeping dragon that powers all

of the geysers and Hot Springs Mud spots and steam vents that draw people here in their Millions every year

see those colors around the edges yeah they're creatures creatures tiny tiny creatures called thermopiles you can only see them with a microscope and they can only live in very very hot water like this in fact some scientists believe that all life on Earth began in places just like this 3 and 1/2 billion years ago

bill Maggie chin K cbz News Salt Lake City hello hello your model is very impressive sir ah thank you m chin my question is will it help help what M CH well in the last decade we've seen more and more ground uplift at Yellowstone 12 feet I believe is the conservative estimate that estimate is not

conservative nonetheless many of your colleagues in the scientific Community believe that it's one of many signs that an eruption is coming I'm going to to let Rick liberman scientist in charge of the Yellowstone volcano Observatory deal with that one Rick thank you uh this is a sequence of Yellowstone's geological Behavior over the past 100

years okay there we go you see what what we have beneath our feet here at Yellowstone is a is a type of volcano a type of hidden volcano uh referred to as a as a Restless Caldera uh Caldera because you'll not it resembles the shape of a cauldron and uh Restless because it spends much of its life doing

what what you see it's doing right here it's huffing and puffing as the magma and the hydrothermal systems beneath the ground rise and fall uh for reasons that we actually don't fully yet understand uh this uplift that you've mentioned Maggie is very simply just a part of everyday life uh here at Yellowstone so

we're definitely not looking at an imminent super eruption let me say this the chances of a uh so-called uh super eruption are on the order of you know something like one in 600,000 in fact it's it's more than twice as likely that an airplane will crash into your backyard haven't we just seen extra

ground uplift at Norris yes yeah we we have as a matter of fact but that may well be U hydrothermal you know a build up of uh a buildup of water I'll tell you what Miss chin you give me 10 bucks right now and I will offer you odds of 600,000 to one so uh if this thing does

go up you you'd make a killing okay doesn't mean you see I'm not saying hey faithful hey William look as ELD said it is a tool oh come on it's unreliable we're not relying on it hey what was that what was that that was a press conference that was a joke we were unveiling Virgil what

did you want me to say know hello everyone this is Virgil and it frankly has no more of an idea of what's going on down there than we do but thank you for coming Buckle love you check out the busted seismometers I'll get there tomorrow good here here's a point we could have replaced all of those

seismometers for the money spent on Virtual that's the point yeah listen big V will have its uses I'll see you soon good to see you man see you

power listen I I need the uh coordinates of the Taiwan Quake Kung region yeah hey 57 yep 3 three okay this thing takes up far too much space you know

[Music] ho thanks M guess what this is you tell me perise it comes from deep inside a volcano it's so hot the Rocks all melted but when the volcano blows up gets BL High into the sky and guess what it floats does my coffee how is that that floats yeah okay Paul I sh

up hey I found out about flights they said it's fine at 7 months oh come on Fe Ione me we just flew to Yellowstone back yeah I know but that way you were with me and you weren't in the air for like a 11 hours then I don't get to see my mom

this side Christmas do

I what is it

we got a quake what I'll call you I'll see you guys soon this is Matt what's the damage H well some broken glass I'm sure nothing major okay what do we got be in touch 6.9 10 km beneath the South Arm fork okay I'm running a simulation 6.9 at what 10 km beneath the South arm for

that's confirmed 6.9 standing by for more data [Music] give at the webcam images of the fishing Bridge area over say say the last 5 minutes whoa whoa who go go go go go [Music] [Music] back tell Manning needs to get to the other end of the lake where you going to be I'm going to be in my

[Music]

office fortunately due to the remoteness of the area damage was limited but tragically 9 bodies have been recovered so far three of them children all from the fishing Bridge area of the park as well 43 people have been taken to hospital with various injuries some of them life-threaten I'm going to hand you over

now to Mr Rick liberman of the USGS then we'll take some questions Rick the earthquake a 6.9 on the RoR scale occurred at 123 local time centered at a depth of 10 km beneath Mount Sheridan at the southern end of Lake y Stone the earthquake triggered a landslide off the South Arm Fork which in turn caused a

tsunami wave to hit the northern Shore here a few minutes later all indicators suggest that this Quake was not volcanic but was was tectonic in its nature caused by a grinding together of the Earth's plates along a known fault line the pattern of aftershocks of decreasing magnitude is consistent with this type of seismic activity any questions is a

true Old Faithful Is stop uh yes that that is true however uh ground movement can both block and unblock hydrothermal features has there been any effect on the uplift at Norris no no no not that we've seen it all no are you still sure that there isn't going to be an eruption Mr L as I as

I've said Miss chin this earthquake was not caused by volcanic activity as far as we know we are increasing our alert status to Yellow which uh as you know does mean watch does that mean you're not ruling out an eruption oh look Miss Chen Yellowstone has sometimes as many as 3,000 earthquakes every year none of

them followed by eruptions now everything points to this being a oneoff tragic accident the truth we uh we had the heban lake earthquake in 1959 couple of Miles Yellowstone 7.5 in the RoR scale massive Landslide 29 dead and it didn't indicate a damn thing again in 1975 mag 6 it didn't either I mean hell I'm a politician not

a scientist the USGS guys tell me it's another hebin Lake I got to take their word for it you know you go on the available facts problem was that uh when the place the size Stone we um well we didn't have all the available [Music] facts North Dakota goes there so sou noted geophysicist Dr kenth

Wy his new book super bangs deals directly with phenomena similar to those we've seen in recent days at Yellowstone the book carries with it some dire warnings about the conse quences of ignoring Richard liman yvo hey it's me you uh you better take a look at kcvc news I will do that thank you I'll call

you back you think we have good reason to be concerned Maggie I think that we ought to be a clear distinction between a regular volcanic eruption And Eruption Mount Helens was the most violent eruption in American history killed 57 people and it erupted about 1 cubic kilometer of volcanic a watching the great

man now let's say that uh this Cube here represents the amount of volcanic material by Mount and Helens now in volcanic terms it's a tidler CRA tiddler the Indonesian volcano that red in 1883 was 17 times larger than mounts of Helens killed 36,000 people and it's represented by this Cube here finally we

have this this is 2 and a half thousand times the size of mountains and Helens this is a super volcano this is currently sitting underneath the ground at Yellowstone Park and when was the last time one of these super eruptions happened about 74,000 years ago in a place called Toba on the other side of the world Sumatra

now the volcanic eruption there was so vast it created a volcanic winter plunged the world into darkness all but wiped out the human race missed one though didn't it and Yellowstone has produced eruptions on this sort of scale before Oh yes three times in the last 2 million years and do you think that the activity

that we're seeing there right now may indicate that it's about to happen for a fourth ter oh God yes I do believe that these events are cyclical three Caldera forming eruptions in the last 2.1 million years means on average one eruption every 600,000 years and we haven't had an eruption like that yellow

stone for 640,000 years now in other words we're overdue no oh yes I believe they I believe the warning signs are there if you care to read them thank you Dr Wy thank you Dr Wy God I know he's your brother-in-law Rick but H the guy's a total numpty that's not a good thing

right no that's not good no we were trying to monitor something so vast that it was almost incomprehensible the park itself is over 2 million Acres and somewhere within that was the volcano but for the longest time we couldn't figure out where then in the ' 80s NASA took some aerial photographs of the park and uh

these photographs revealed the volcanic crater for the first time it turns out we've been looking on the wrong scale this crater measured 85 km by 45 big enough to hold the largest city in the world Tokyo population 18 [Music]

million yes I did see Mr Wy on the television no no no no no no no approxim Ely every 600,000 Years sir I mean with a conservative margin of error we could be up by 100 and I'm telling you sir we're not hiding anything all right everything we know is out on our

website how's it looking mant it's looking good normal like to make a couple more passes though sure no problem no no sir no sir I I'm afraid that drilling down to try to siphon off the magma wouldn't work no in fact it could probably cause the whole thing to go off I don't like that can we get down

there it's all true this thing's ready to blow in a matter of well days if not hours and uh everybody absolutely everybody's going to die horribly oh you're welcome your Holiness nice levels are good up here it must be ground level CO2 that's killing those yeah it looks like there trees are

D is there or is there not a magma chamber underneath Yellowstone National Park yes yes and is this magma chamber of sufficient size that if there was an eruption there it could potentially be rated as a super eruption exactly well I'm not saying that there will I'm saying that there's a chance no what you

said on television was overdue you know that that's what you said overdue you said caught up in the moment I expect while you and a few million other people I guess hey let not too no sis I have a legitimate scientific Viewpoint he thinks he's the have you ever actually been to Yellowstone it's not necessary

your excellent website provides all the data I just interpreted oh you no you misinterpret that that's what you do can we not do this now please all I'm saying is you do not go on television and create a mass panic over one potential scenario just in order to sell a book oh come on you don't go on television and

tell everybody that everything's going to be just fine when you know damn well it might not be Kenneth no no both of you I said not now I'm sick of this do you have nothing else you haven't seen your nephew in over a year sorry hello will how's school seamless sorry when I first met Rick he was a

geology student part of a team studying Yellowstone Lake they uh they discovered this enormous 2,000 ft long bulge beneath the lake we got very excited about it and the Press got hold of the story and convinced a lot of people that Yellowstone was going to blow it created this huge panic and then nothing

happened made Rick very cautious about what he said in public and then when he got the job of scientist in charge he or people would paid even more attention to what he said so it's a boy right little boy dragon and with a new feature show me some sort of anomaly above the magma

chamber just below fire Hole Creek Basin yeah could be water or gas an intrusion of magma throw a fault line opened up by the Quake right impossible to tell till we get a clear image oh thanks we're still processing all the data from the chos sunquake oh God that was days ago yeah I

know listen Matt's found a section of dead Pine to the northeast of sour he got a visitor hang on Northeast of SAU Creek Dome along a ring fracture of the Caldera Rim CO2 or heat CO2 suffocating the roots the Magma's only 2 to 3 km deep at that point yeah or less if it's rising

[Music] all right so who is it Wendy something from FEMA Wendy rice the under secretary in charge of the Federal Emergency Management agency is here you told her to wait in my office you're fired Dave you can't fire me yeah you're lucky that's true I'm Sorry Miss rice you've caught me off guard all

right I'm Richard liberman Yes Rick I recognize you from the television oh just call me Wendy thanks well sorry about the mess Wendy no problem it's been a busy couple of days please sit down yeah I'm just going to cut to the chase Rick I want to know if we should be worried about

this um uh based on the data that that we're we're getting uh yes there are indicators that there could be an eruption or it could be business as usual at Yellowstone now if there is an eruption then there is a good possibility that uh it's going to be a moderate one this isn't enough

Rick if there's even the slightest chance of this happening I want to know what that means I want to know what we can do about it how much do you know about uh super eruptions but super in front of eruption I don't imagine it means better can I show you something please okay see the magma chamber that sits

underneath Yellowstone well here we think it's roughly the same dimensions as the the Caldera Rim itself we think it's around 40 km wide by 80 km long and around 8 km deep you think yeah it's it's a very difficult thing to get a clear picture of in fact the only way to even attempt to see a magma chamber is

uh ironically enough by relying on earthquakes have a seat please thank you it's called Uh seismic tomography what we do is we plant an array of seismic graphs throughout the park and then when an earthquake occurs the seismic shock waves from these events travel through the earth now these waves move slightly slower

through the molten rock than through the solid rock so we can use these slight differences in arrival time here at the seismometers to begin to calculate and plot the rough dimensions of the chamber it's kind of like Sona and that tells you how much magma is down there well what what we're trying to determine

essentially is the nature of this magma is it is it it eruptible magma is it uh too viscous is it too sticky to go anywhere or is it molten enough is it liquid enough that it that it can escape you know we also want to know how it's situated in the chamber is it uh kind of

spread out in individual pods or uh Pockets throughout the chamber or and this is this is what we don't want is it accumulated in one place sufficient enough that it could trigger a uh a super eruption okay let's talk worst case scenario okay well uh we have run some projections based on the first Super

eruption at Yellowstone at 2.1 million years ago essentially because this is the one we have the most uh data available on now if the next one were to behave in a similar way then we would be looking at between 2 and 3,000 cubic kilometers of rock gas and Ash erupting across the United

States in a pattern that looks like this Zone one represents 100 km radius around Yellowstone basically everything in this area would be completely wiped out by pyroclastic flows that's the Rock and Ash that spills from the side of an eruptive column um that is a pyroclastic flow these surges can travel up to 700 km an hour

so uh yeah these these journalists were very very lucky yeah this woman was uh caught at the edge of a pyroclastic flow you see these surges can reach up to 800° C anyway yeah that's that that's what happens to anyone that's within the first 100 kilometer uh radius of the volcano now out here in zones two and

three virtually everyone and everything in these two areas will be trapped by extremely heavy Ash Fall that's roughly 3 million people yeah yeah and uh here out in zone 4 we're talking about ashall of around 15 cm 15 cm that doesn't sound like a lot but you add rain to 15 cm of volcanic

ash and that is certainly enough to collapse a roof um and then you know in zone five it gets down to around 5 cm of ashall uh this is a huge area covering most of the grasslands any animals that happen to be raising there and uh that's also the Grain Belt of course so that's all the

the food gone uh and then uh zone six we tail down to around a centimeter of Ash uh extending out to the Eastern Seaboard centimeter I read it takes just 1 mm to close an airport yeah the thing that people don't understand about volcanic ash is it's not like ash from your backyard barbecue it's

rock it's abrasive it's pervasive it's destructive it shorts out electrical equipment it clogs Machinery you name it it's also extremely tiny it's 100 microns across it's so tiny you can inhale it and when you do it uh combines with the moisture in your lungs and forms a cement like mixture you essentially drown in what's basically

liquid concrete [Music] so anyway uh that is the the worst case scenario so you tell me I mean if an event like this were to happen what is fima going to do is it going to happen is it going to happen yeah it is going to happen is it going to happen in our lifetime

um I don't know and that is the most honest answer that anybody can give you Wendy I don't know I simply don't accept that we were complacent the big problem is that volcanoes are notoriously difficult to predict look at Mount St Helens in 1980 it erupted horizontally rather than vertically took us completely by

surprise killed 57 people including one of our own guys even with the best equipment in the world and we had the very best by the way even then you still got two big blind spots timing and scale you can't tell when and you can't tell how big [Music]

[Music]

[Music]

help me

[Music]

I'll be PR the other stations they establish an exact

location Mr liman Mr liman Mr liman Mr liman are you still denying the possibility of a super ruption Norris as I said to you before Miss chin Norris was a hydrothermal event and by no means a Surefire indicator of volcanic activity and certainly not on the scale that you are referring to nevertheless

we have issued a code red warning because we don't take these things lightly yes Daddy yeah he's getting famous but you can't rule out a super ruption can you looks H likely as an asteroid strike According to some experts and half as unlikely as being struck by lightning Miss Jen and how many of us lose sleep over that

that's all the time we have thank you thank you very much PR much politics not enough science okay we ready to run this simulation let's do it all right so what I'd like to do is run through a couple of potential scenarios here con another Quake just over a mile south of Norris

okay how big 1.9 1.9 okay now this anomaly that we've discovered near Norris now this could be water and gas as we know or worst case scenario it could be a new pod of Eruptor magma so I want to concentrate our simulations around this area and see what uh the potential damage could be okay so option

number one let's say that uh we've got one cubic kilometer of eruptible magma okay and uh drop it run

it no eruptur based on option one seems not all right then let's keep all the other parameters the same uh but increase it by five and we'll make it 5 cubic

km okay how big is this moderate bei2 Bei 2 and duration over approximately 3 days but that amount of magnet could have been a lot bigger okay let's increase it by another factor of five and uh make it 25 cubic kilm okay whenever you're ready be5 M Helen size right so 10 times more magma thousand

times more eruption potentially okay so let's increase it by another factor of five and make it 125 cubic col om this time let's just let's just run it this time just from the hydrothermal blast

sure the ei5 again okay the5 again

[Music]

whoa what happened computer glitch okay tell me what we just saw all right all right I'll say it if we have a reservoir of meltdown there that's larger than 125 cubic kilm then this model is telling us that even a moderate eruption near Norris could destabilize the rest of the chamber and trigger a

uh Bei 8 Super [Music] eruption that's great great and if frogs with wings then they wouldn't bump their little green asses hopping around eh F if there was a pocket of milk over 125 cubic km then a possible eruption at Norris May trigger further eruption which maybe just possibly could register as V8 brilliant great Jesus you're letting

yourself be spooked by a by by a video game oh just because there's a lot of magma down there doesn't mean that it's all going to come out big magma Chambers can produce big eruptions but they can also produce small ones the real question is what is the trigger that can set an

eruption off an earthquake perhaps opening up the roof of the chamber and allowing the magma to escape but you see many of the earthquakes of Yellowstone over the previous 600,000 years could have done that and so far not one that to find out what was really going on at Yellowstone we needed better

images of the chamber we also needed to see what was going on at ground level we needed to be there how close are we here from Norris uh 25 km as per handbook rules exciting huh oh yeah very exciting with any luck it'll erupt while we have such a good view EAS [Music]

Rick yeah hey it's Nancy you better get up here right away okay so where's this uplift concentrated here fire hall River Basin males from noris hang on the question is is this Rising magma or is this groundwater that could make a plausible case or either yeah I know you could another 2.2 to the northeast of noris

that's the third today so we got another swarm coming I need the SRI data for the entire park could we get more instrumentation down at fire Hole River Basin if we steal them from elsewhere well steal them the ground uplift earthquake swarms Rising levels of carbon dioxide and the the hydrothermal event all of these things can be

indicators of volcanic activity equally they can mean nothing we closed the park to be safe but that didn't stop the hordes of people coming to check it out for themselves hey Rick Rick hang on hey Miss chin can we come in look I've got to cover this one way or another it's my

job okay do you want to cover this all right then you need to understand what it is that you're covering yeah it's me get me Matt okay come on in Maggie I'm sorry guys not the crew okay come on through just not the crew it's me we're going to give uh Maggie chin the

tour take a look up there

you're looking at the Northwestern rim of the giant Caldera it's where the ground fell over a th000 ft after the last Super eruption so we're in the volcano sure are I thought we'd take a little drive to the other

side so what can you see Yellow Stone Lake okay now look out across the lake to that range of mountains on the far side the aborus that's right how far would you say those mountains are from here how far 10 miles roughly 15 now those mountains are where you'll find the Eastern edge of the giant

Caldera the Western Edge is about another 15 Mi behind us and north to south it's even further it's over 50 Mi so that's about 45 minutes of driving and we're still only in the center of the volcano crater what's your point mat my point is if this thing erupts you'll die if you think you're going to win

some award or get promoted because you knew about this first you won't there won't be anyone around to give you your pad on the back ma'am you need to get some perspective

[Music]

but erupt with devastating Force causing destruction on a previously unknown scale not just in the immediate vicinity just a few inches can increase the weight Beyond breaking point and that doubles it I wouldn't call it complacency exactly I do think USGS is being rather slow to react certain threats that I think are are

serious every 600,000 years you think that it's going to happen on our watch I don't know it's just a feeling you feel it you know what it's not it's not like it's not a feeling it's you know what it is it's a fear fear of what it's a fear of of not knowing

enough to be able to predict something like this it's the fear of knowing too much and not being able to do anything about that you know this just it's not something that we can afford to take a gamble on you know we look at numbers and graphs and simulations for an well what happens when we don't get

them Rick it's different out here there's a feeling that something's about to happen but what do I know yeah so piona said she wants to go to England and to my wife again you won't let her she's 7 months pregnant you know that's a long flight yeah put her on the plane Rick

to a geologist like me there is only one sure fire sign of an impending eruption and that's harmonic Tremor that's a seismographic reading which indicates that magma is on the move even then though even when you see one of those you can't tell how big an eruption you're looking at but you know

that it's coming well on the 26th of June for the first time we saw just that we saw harmonic Tremor and where is it Norris Rick you want to suggest a change of alert yeah you know another red that's it's going to create more Panic this is a shoot as we get I know this

this is emminent not I know you want me to plug the data into Virgil find out hang on hang on really find out what uh let let's do that and just see if it look we there's going to be an eruption okay we know that I told needs you to tell me what harmonic Tremor means so

now you you you need you need advise an upgrade to the last stat and you need to let people know okay so I if I haveg grade to a red everyone's going to think that we've got a super eruption on our hands and I am not going to be held responsible for some kind of mass pan

wait a minute it is our responsibility it's no shut up Dave it's our job it's our duty to let people know to tell them what we know so get your ass off the fence well and you tell me while going on TV and telling Joe sixpack that the end of the world is n you tell me how

that's going to help this situation what do you think of Pap say here okay listen I will brief thema and I will brief the state but just before they Evacuate the whole of America they're going to want to know how big the thing's going to be well at least the shed's not bloody

captain

guys this is going to be big

what is going on nothing is going on what do say on well no mention of it for weeks and all of a sudden we're going to England I'm not supposed to be suspicious look you said that you wanted to go and see your mom right Jesus Rick just be honest with me I'm being honest

with you yes this is going to be a big eruption you got to come with us it's going to be exactly what I what I said that it's going to be you know this little girl may never meet her father because of the decision you're making right now come on we we all believe that this

is going to be a moderate eruption and yeah things are going to go you know a little crazy in this country for for a while because everyone's nervous right now great that's why I'd just be happier if you both were were in London when when all that's going on and then when things calm down and

then I I'll come oh I'll see you can I go on the plane now yes you're going to go on the plane now you take care of your mom okay okay you call me when you get there I will on the see you

I'm going to refer you to our San Francisco FEMA office and I want you to talk to Lisa Cochran she'll be the one to uh direct any activity at that point okay uh uh one moment bring a center screen volume up a leaked email seen by KZ VZ confirms that the US G iCal survey expects an eruption

anytime soon possibly within hours and possibly with devastating consequences for America and the world oh God I'm Maggie chin with K zbz news reporting to you live from Yellowstone National Park a radius of 100 miles around the park is being evacuated amid scenes of chaos and confusion Highway 20 the main route Lincoln West Yellowstone to Idaho Falls

is at a complete standstill meanwhile towns and cities hundreds of miles from Yellowstone are under siege as Panic buyers stock up on Provisions like canned foods and water many stores have been forced to close early prompting fears that violence will soon erupt we have to shooting we will they pay not property in our

[Music] life we do realize it's the worst possible way to come out guaranteed to maximize Panic the story has been picked up by all major networks not just in in this country all I know Wendy is it didn't come from my end nor from Governor Marshall's office nor from anyone here in Washington still we have to deal with

it sir this is Rick liberman he Rick Joe Foster secretary for Homeland Security Michael you know of course hey Governor Marshall should be joining us at any moment expect to see you here hello everybody really glad you could join us half my State's about to be vaporized I thought I should attend Eric please have a seat I'll get

straight to the point this leak hasn't just caused chaos here but around the world well it certainly didn't come from USGS nor FEA yeah all right people the buck is well passed wherever it came from the media have got hold of it and now we have got to address it so Rick what I'm going to ask you is very

simple I need you to make a state M ruling out the possibility of a super option ruling it out nothing bigger than Mount St Helens people would accept that and it's what the evidence suggests I I can't a big part well I'm I'm sorry I I can't I can't say that why the hell not because our computer model

now suggests that even a small eruption could destabilize the magma chamber and trigger a super eruption Rick I understand that but you're talking remote possibility no I'm I'm talking about what I am talking about are hard facts Fact one there are food riots people are fighting each other to lead the country Fact Two the dollar is

on its knees Wall Street has crashed your country is going down the toilet and you're telling me you're not prepared to make a statement to help stop that please with all due respect sir Governor Marshall Rick every Highway every Interstate in Montana Wyoming Utah Nebraska The Dakotas Iowa and Nevada is turning into

a goddamn parking lot everybody's trying to get the hell away from Yellowstone nothing's even happened yet yet now the point is Rick even if the worst does happen clogging up the roads screwing up the airlines that's not going to do any of us any good I appreciate that Wendy I do but until I

have something definitive please don't make me make statements that are contrary to you know as well as I do that harmonic Tremor can stop as well as start Mike it's your responsibility my responsibility is to tell the public and the landholders what is happening at Yellowstone you know that you used to know

that actually Rick as a federal employee your responsibility is what's best for the country now you have evidence of an erruption but and I've heard you say this yourself again again and again chances of a super eruption are virtually zero no no you are right but uh then I really don't see what the problem is

here thank you all I'll see you in 10 minutes

well Tremor strong and constant I'm plugging the coordinates into the seismic image should give us a clearer idea where the magma is good good you get everything you need this I think so great we enough to get me going till you guys join me tomorrow oh we'll be here for thing all right don't leave it too

long don't worry okay you out of here I'm out of here take care man ladies and gentlemen as you know on TV America and the world has been watching with growing anxiety the developing situation at yone National Park after a full briefing from the US theological survey and in particular the scientist in charge at Yellowstone

Volcano Observatory Rick lman I can assure you all that after weeks of intensive monitoring at Yellowstone they have gathered no evidence to suggest a so-called super eruption is imminent instead the USGS believes that a small to moderate eruption an event comparable in size to the eruption at Mount St Helens in 1980 may be due at this moment

we are taking the appropriate precautions in line with the scale of eruption the evacuation of the elone vicinity is currently underway for those in states bordering Wyoming we ask you to follow standard State advice remain indoors seal all doors and windows and stock up on sufficient food and water for 3 days I ask my fellow Americans to

stay calm and to use your usual good sense at this time thank you Mr L Mr L up until now you've been extremely measured in your statements about Yellowstone do you agree with secretary Foster in what he just said now

uh yes yes I do thank you

what we able to put a bust to the ball passengers on flight ha356 to San Francisco hi to move the plane left hand side boing pass please left hand side sir towards the rear of the plane okay thank you hi what's anything up here hello no I'm back there important business in Washington and USGS has you

sitting in the back of the plane I recommend a sweet publishing Deal TV star like you yeah oh there I take it you had a gun to your head this afternoon uh yeah yeah you could say that Fiona and William well they're on a plane to London I'll see you

H okay guys the last number's in fingers crossed

just what are we looking at here uh 1500 cubic km of melt 1500 that's just the top of the chamber is it eruptible magma is it uh too viscous is it too sticky to go anywhere and this is this is what we don't want is it accumulated in one

place this model is telling us that even a moderate eruption near Norris could destabilize the rest of the chamber and trigger a uh be8 super eruption Jesus you're letting yourself be spooked I am video game there's going to Interruption okay we know that I don't need you to tell me what harmonic tror means

[Music] [Music]

sorry sir please sit down the captain hasn't turned F seat Bel sign off yet sir off sir I have to ask you to turn your phone off I think he's over

here don't touch my [Music] arm this is a m it's stopped it

[Music] a

[Music]

this eror is or not a magma chamber underneath Yellowstone National Park yes and is this magma chamber of sufficient size that if there was an eruption there it could potentially be raed as a super eruption could right precisely could if there is an eruption then there is a good possibility that uh it's going

to be a moderate one this isn't enough Rick if there's even the slightest chance of this happening I want to know what that means and we would be looking at between 2 and 3,000 cubic kilometers of rock gas and Ash erupting across the United States in a pattern that looks like [Music] this expects an eruption anytime soon

and possibly with devastating consequences for America and the world Jesus R just be honest with me I'm being honest with you yes this is going to be a big eruption you've got to come with us I don't need you to tell me what harmonic tramer means if I upgrade to a red everyone's going to think that we've

got a super eruption on our hands I am not going to be held responsible for some kind of mass panic Mr Li Mr Li Mr yes are you still denying the possibility of a super ruption it's twice as likely as an asteroid strike According to some experts and half as unlikely as being

struck by lightning Miss chinnan and how many of us lose sleep over that

[Music] down hasn't turned the fast SE out this is it m it started

[Applause]

[Music] nice dress I'm sorry to haul you way a problem who have I got from USGS no one what you can't get through to the field do at the moment hey D Michael Elders is on his way over is this uh vacuum all we have on this yeah and it's only a projection

what okay Air Force I need to plan up there as close as it can get taking a look at this thing let's brief the White House and little we know so far Dave get back on the line I want to talk to Governor Marshall in Wyoming Joe Foster at Homeland and keep trying the

Yellowstone field office Bob please get me something else to wear sure Mary [Music]

Jesus you got you need to take a look man you need to see what's going on make contact with Dave let him know what's happening go okay there are two kinds of the volcanic eruptions red and gray in a red eruption the magma it's actually called lava when it's erupted flows freely from the

ground um you've seen it on TV this slow moving flow of molten material it's damn destructive in its own way but slow very slow you can literally outpace a lava flow without breaking a sweat not so with a gray eruption what you have there you've got magma trapped by overlaying Rock okay the pressure builds and builds to the

point the whole thing blows the magma Under Pressure turns to foam and gas which bursts upward in a vertical column at twice the speed of sound 50 km up into the stratosphere sir there are no cell phone permitted on this aircraft sir I have to ask you to turn your phone off my name

is Richard liberman I'm the scientist in charge of Yellowstone Volcano Observatory I'm receiving news of an emergency here that could affect the flight path and safety of this aircraft my God has something happened I need I need to speak to the captain please

okay Dave come in Dave this is Matt damn it Dave this is Matt hey Matt it's me I'm heading out to Boseman where are you just to the northeast of Norris what are you seeing Oh it's a single vent moderate size for the moment how far from bosan are you about an hour

okay listen Rick is on his way back from Washington got shaken up pretty good back at the field office it's completely down what can you do for us I'll be up and running in 30 minutes it's been estimated that within the first hour 100 million tons of humus Rock and Ash were ejected powered

out by something with the explosive force of a thousand hoshima bonds then the wind carried the top of the column eastwards within an hour or so pomas and dash began to fall in towns hundreds of miles away from yellow stor Codi Billings ID Falls bosan were B was can you give me a hand I just got a few

things in the back of the truck to unload thanks a lot Rick Rick it's Dave Dave listen has this seismic activity this is has it triggered an eruption yeah Matt said it's a single vent okay Dave I need to determine the size of this vent I need to do that as soon as

possible all right all the equipment's down and Matt can't get a clear view from the chopper just put that down anywhere I'm booting up a link to please tell me you have a highspeed data point oh yeah it's right over there oh thank God thank you sorry Rick yeah um I'll have a satellite uplink in a few minutes

should be able to see the ashcloud and I'll patch him the back okay listen Dave I need you to talk to Michael elridge in Washington okay get a hold of him just you know inform him about what's happening and tell him that we need him to declare red level three emergency all right you got that red level three I got

it all right and if this vent gets any bigger anything else opens up that I need to know about that Dave well we'll do

boss they're completely wrecked in there we need get here fast the other Chopper go me why because I see so go no you're hurt dog we'll take the T youo youo you need a

doer the biggest Danger from an explosive eruption is the pyroclastic search it happens when the uh when the pressure of propelling the the eruption column up into the air fluctuates for just a second and part of the column spills from the side of the volcano the serges from mounts and hens flattened every tree within miles and

killed over 50 people let's just say we weren't going to hang around to watch that happen at yellow [Music] stor get going

you never know

right oh oh my

God a on F we can't out run it

was the field office too close with hindsight yes but you have to be close to get accurate information and um no one no no one could have anticipated the size of that search its direction its speeds pyroclastic surgeries can travel at up to 800 km hour with temperatures of up to 500° they incinerate everything in their

path absolutely everything it's uh hell coming towards you they didn't stand a chance all of them you're about to leave the field office the last got away in the are you sure yes I'm sure I'm just oh Jesus uh all right um where's jock on us uh no no I'm walking into FEMA now

just hang on listen I'm going to pass you over to Wendy I've got Dave Price on the line he's in the backup field office in both here let's catch him through everyone this is Michael Eldridge from USGS Dave this is Wendy rice at do you have any update on the size of the

eruption uh yeah Jo galin left the scene by Chopper a little while back and said it was a single vent but the GPS and SRI data show signs of swelling all over the park and increasing earthquake swarms my guess is it's only a matter of time before we see new vents opening up thank you Dave stay on the line and

keep us up to date we'll do it Denver bring all usar teams to standby inform Governor Marshall this could be bigger than anticipated are we recommending Evac it's his call but we're advising against it's safer inside than on the highway well as I was saying our flight plan has us about 348 nautical miles

south of Yellowstone at our closest point so if ash from your volcano does head our way the volcanic ash advisory Center will divert us long before we get anywhere near it okay how often does a vac check the satellite about every half hour we can put in a call now for an update would make you feel better yeah I

I I I'd appreciate that if you keep me informed sure thank [Music] you we're just getting reports unconfirmed so far of a major volcanic explosion in Wyoming in the United States will early reports from Wyoming say the eruption has killed literally thousands of people people many cities near the volcano in the midwest have been

destroyed authorities now fear a humanitarian catastrophe on an unprecedented [Music] scale whoa who whoa what is the idah house reporting a Citywide blackout I'm getting reports of rolling blackouts must the Yellowstone ash fall on power on relay stations I can tell our FEMA offices in Montana Nebraska Utah and The Dakotas to shut down their power grids

and switch to backup generators as of now and make sure those generators are protected against the ash I'd also advise them to shut down all air conditioning units we as get everywhere okay all federal buildings need to seal up and start recycling their clear [Music] air is Air Force Trigger 2 over go ahead

trigger two I'm now monitoring the erupt level 5 indic are below about 290 the wind is Westerly but above that it Bears around to West you got those coordinates 290 the wind is [Music] West oh man it's directly across major commercial air routes Hank I want all airspace across the central USA cleared and put east and

west coast on standby Michael where is your guy I need him here Rick Lieberman yes he's in there somewhere he was flying back tonight anyone need some blankets there you go so it's a it's a single vent single vent yeah so mounts and Helens then yeah like you said yeah

yeah what's that come on that that smell sulur oh je stall one okay we lost two and we're lost back I have

beginning take your seat now

[Music] Dave you getting this yeah yeah I got it does the guy have a zoom can you get him to zoom in Trigger 2 can you zoom in wait oh hey you see that Michael another one yeah yeah that's bed number two opened up now while it was just a single eruptive column there was still a chance that

things would be okay but the the second eruption clearly there was so much magma pressure in the chamber that it couldn't vent through a single column instead the the whole Caldera began to unzip and a series of smaller eruptions once that started we had we had no idea how long it would go on for days weeks

months we just didn't know

Wing anti ice engine anti [Music]

ice ladies and gentlemen this is Captain Frank we'll very shortly be making a precautionary Landing in Cheyenne the ashcloud has blasted the cockpit window we're Landing blind on the back of the seat in front of you CL your hand under your KNE

[Music]

on average worldwide about four planes each year unexpectedly fly into ash clouds and on that night 35 did and that was just over the US flying into one of these ash clouds is is worse than getting a dump truck full of sand thrown into your engines because volcanic ash was Rock The Ash melts over fuel

nozzles the turbine various engine parts really amazing amazing thing is is how often the engines survive and and restart once you get back into into clean air so we were uh among the lucky ones we we got down one piece uh and by the time we did get down no one else was taking off uh anywhere

we're getting reports of large numbers fleeing into Canada along inter state 15 to 29 Link in Nebraska is on standby to evacuate stand them down I need to clear those roads and get me a transportation update on the Coast Guard the Air Force is evacuating its planes at a bases at Minot Grand Forks ellworth Nellis

kurtland offen Peterson Edward is there anywh they're not evacuating the East Coast basically thank you Wyoming's declared a state of emergency they've asked for a federal disaster to be called did you get that d uh guys hey guys looks like we got another vent opened up God three vents open Michael how bad

is he going to

get hello hey it's me Rick where are you what's that noise it's Sirens listen yellow Stones erupted what I I can't talk now I'm with Ken and we're making for the FEMA office in Denver Denver what when I get there I'll call you no wait a minute listen you know I feel hello Rick are you there

[Music] Rick initial reports suggest that a team of scientists from the US Geological Survey who are monitoring the site from a field office within the park itself have been killed the local towns of West Yellowstone and Boseman are being evacuated amid scenes of panic and confusion well meanwhile the growing ash cloud is spreading south and east from

Yellowstone raining down its potentially lethal contents across a vast area the ash is bringing the RO Road and freeways to the find military installations what are you doing on come on [Music] okay okay there is a military installation about four clicks this way they might have a calm link to FAL we're not going to walk we can't stay here K

po the trunk no Rick Rick for God's sake Rick it's volcanic ash we can't go out it when vus erupted the people of Pompei stayed in their houses how do we know that Ken reserved in volcanic ash we we'd already seen from previous eruptions m in hens monzerat P we we'd already seen that the terrible damage

that even small amounts of volcanic ash can do if it gets in your eyes it can blind you when it's breathed in it will mix with the the moisture in your your lungs to form a suffocating cement uh it's also unbelievably dense just 20 cm can collapse a roof half that amount of the Ash gets

wet only people living within a 100 km radius of Yellowstone had been evacuated everyone else caught under the ash cloud was in serious danger Dave are you getting this yeah I'm seeing it two more makes five I'd say the cder is definitely opening up what do you think Michael I concur with [Music]

that Dave are we losing you I believe that's here on the roof hold on [Music]

it's Thomas coming down hard Dave you got to get out of there now what go where you got a secret Highway no one knows about what about the people in the motel some have gone but most are staying inside hoping to ride it out man I'm just hoping the room service gu is still around

Mom I'm off to the shop so it won't be long but it's not even 8:00 yet yeah I want to be first in the queue what makes you so sure there's going to be a queue this is London mom there's news of a coming crisis of course there's going to be a bloody

queue hello no no no no no thanks for letting me know yeah yeah okay bye that's Rick's boss we're still trying to locate him don't worry darnie I'm sure it'll be all right I me mom he's under the largest ashcloud ever witnessed so is Ken do you not get it I'm sorry I'm

sorry I'm sure you're right I won't be long okay keep an eye on will

hello is that is anybody there

will you stay your business yeah my name is Richard liberman is your communication equipment working yes sir it is you need to contact Wendy rice at FEA and Washington it's Richard Lieberman yvo hold on a second [Music] there'll be a living hell beneath the AST it will be swelteringly hot it will be sticky and it will be extremely

dangerous and what could people try to do to help themselves well if they're caught out in it they're going to have to try and seek shelter or if they're living in buildings which aren't well constructed then the roofs are going to collapse so they need to find somewhere [Music] safe yeah yeah uh she's here don't don't

hang out Wendy Wendy rice let him in give him anything he wants they found R living

me I'm sorry to Jeffrey Johnson hope you guys understand the precautions thank you thank you for letting us in there's water downstairs thank you after you

guys follow me what is this place it's an old Cold War bunker sometimes used as a relay station for norat are you based here no sir I just service the equipment I Tour all these sites spend two three days in each one you've got food and water for 5 days what man meanwhile Panic buying strip shelves

across the Midwest as fear grows over the duration of the Yellowstone eruption financial markets have

[Music]

been this is what I call a g a global geophysical event it's going to affect everyone on the planet the government has to start planning now for how we're going to eek out the supplies we have because well we really are in for a hell of a

time the scale of the eruption is still the subject of conflicting and confusing reports while officials claim it is the small to moderate event predicted the ash cloud has spread well beyond the area that's been evacuated problem fears that the eruption is much bigger than anticipated

[Music] oh God I can't believe I forgot about it

try that again we can go back to what you had before there we are are you getting this Rick yeah almost what do you make of it show me the satellite image mapping bring up satellite okay go closer it's amazing okay uh can you give me the thermal

image hey Wy what's he doing gauging how big the eruption is trying to figure out how long it'll last well looks to me as if the uh various vent are beginning to define the rim of the new Caldera so I I suspect that uh eventually they'll all merge to unzip themselves into a single massive vent

Rick can you give me any idea of how long this eruption will last well this looks about half as big again as the previous Caldera so I think we're you know you're looking at something 60 km by 90 kilm I mean we are we are looking at an event on the scale of the Hu Berry

Ridge eruption was the first at Yellowstone and the biggest and and uh if that ejected 2500 cubic kilm of material then we have to make some kind of estimate for the rate of ejection and then you do the math and you got your duration give me a figure Rick say that again a figure give

me a figure well you want me to guesstimate yes I I we're looking at a duration of between 5 and 9 days but it doesn't matter how long it lasts when you make no mistake we are looking at a VII here so there's no question anymore what happened lost the link let's get that

signal back vi8 Michael super eruption yeah the worst case since scenario no it isn't ja gvin he was uh at the field office when the eruption worst case scenario isn't a super eruption the worst case scenario is a super eruption which goes on and on if a volcano ejects more than 1,000 cubic km of magma it's a

vi8 the magma chamber under Yellowstone has the capacity of 25,000 cubic kilm problem is we don't know how much of that is eruptible magma but that that is what will dictate whether this eruption goes on for days or for

[Music] weeks by day three the volcano showed no signs of slowing

the ash cloud had covered 34s of the United States cities like Chicago St Louis Detroit Minneapolis they were a total standstill roads Railways airports were all closed the power supplies failed the water was polluted every day it moved eastwards by another 150 km and all we could do was sit and watch so you guys are

brothers-in-law you married my sister I didn't approve she needed some sanity in her life oh well she got that didn't she married to a man now work sometime of an enormous volcano where is she now Fiona she's uh in London well at least she's okay she's not okay she's not okay and as long as this eruption

continues there's nobody on the planet that's going to be okay I can't afford to think like that oh come on toss a coin heads we live Tails we die it's that random Rick don't you try and be reasonable not now oh come on we're running out of water we're running out of food the air is

slowly turned into poison you believe in God sir God yeah you think you believe this is old God's WTH Johnson I believe in his Mercy oh nice well you can go outside and you can tell those hundreds of thousands of people who have just died in this sudden cataclysmic eruption of God's mercy I'm

not trying to help Rick you expect optimism at the end of the world H if that's what it is then you should probably go upstairs and take a big Vel air then cuz otherwise what what are we sitting down here for are we delaying the inevitable is that what we're doing in my book that's exactly what

we're doing well in my book I'd like to think that I get to see Fiona and will again you know and in Johnson that he gets to see his family I think as long as we remain focused on that we're going to be a lot better off yeah well my book's more pessimistic

in yeah well your books always

are we have no clear idea of how long it might last or what devastation

listen to the advice of your local emergency services follow it may God be with you all hundreds of thousands of US citizens are homeless as they've fled from the ash cloud that now covers three quarters of the country thousands of others have been trapped in their homes and the Federal Emergency Management agency admits it could be weeks before

they can get Aid to them good morning sir morning morning [Music] all 1 hour ago Air Force One took off from Andrews on route to a military bunker in Florida that information does not leave this room you can't run a country under several feet of volcanic ash but some sections of the media will still say

she's running away now can we get to business Wendy how many people in The Fallout zones about 25 million casualty estimat so far in the immediate Zone 90% excluding those that got out early in zone two we estimate 10% mortality that's approximately 35,000 people Zone 3 5% mortality that's 122,000 people Zone 4

3% mortality 85,000 people zone 5 estimate 1% mortality to 2 20,000 people total estimated deaths for the first week 462,000 and that's assuming Zone one is clear these are all from the ash mainly either directly from Ash inhalation or indirectly from roof and building collapse uh Power failures especially in the hospitals um Ash related accidents

sir standard advice to people was that they store enough food and water for only 3 days today is day three then what are we going to do oh excuse me Wendy rice well even even when it ends we won't be able to fly for weeks with the ash to blower around so what are we actually talking

about you find a way you don't just write off 25 million people uh good put them through we' got Rick liberman here Rick can can you hear me yeah hang on yeah we got we got you uh Rick we have four more vents open since yesterday all right has has Dave been able to model

these we can't raise Dave was say that again I'm sorry Rick we we can't raise Dave secretary Foster here Rick we need to know how long this eruption is going to last so we can plan how to rescue 25 million people what all due respect Mr Foster I think you've got to change your game

plan what you have told people is to stay put and to sit this out and to wait for your help I believe there's simply no realistic way for you to honor that sir and I I I think that if you do people are going to die waiting for you you need to retract your

advice you need to retract your advice you need to tell them to come to you Mr liberan fima will draw on every resource possible to rescue these people that's our federal obligation no sir this is not about protocol Mr Foster this is this is about survival and nothing more I mean when when this

ashall stops and and and the and the and the the air starts to clear the people who are trapped are going to like like we are are going to start walking they're going to start walking rather than stay here and wait to die and and they're they're certainly not going to make it sure without your

help you you need you need to help us you need to tell us where to walk we need to have supplies dropped for us along the way I mean if we are going to walk for life then it's up to you guys to help us damn it he wants people to walk through the

a is he crazy

the added complication was that eight out of 10 FEMA centers who had normally helped to coordinate the rescue were out of action because they too were under the ashcloud it was only the very eastern and western coast with a very fine covering of Ash who were still functioning so we had to look outside

for help with our allies South America Europe Australia you see it was about that time 3 to 4 days in that people outside the US started to wake up to the fact that this wasn't just our catastrophe it was theirs too they could see it because that was the time it took for the sulfur aerosols

from Yellowstone to go right around the globe and start a global [Applause] disaster meanwhile the first effects of the disaster are being felt closer to home as sky turn red over large areas of Britain due to the huge concentrations of sulfur dioxide released by the eruption Al has been reported on cars and buildings all over the country how

serious the new twist will be the onslaught of really heavy rainf when you get big options like this tin

as act as a nuclear for water droplets so you get torrential rain hundreds of thousands of us CI Lahar from the volcano swep 23,000 people to their debts the phone right now but if you like thousands of others have been how

serious will become Lely depend long this isick sorry where are you I just keep thinking you know could I have done something different you know should I have done something different you know just been more decisive or stronger if I could have you know made the call earlier you know maybe maybe that would have changed

things maybe that would have saved some lives I guess that's up to other people to judge uh and my family it's it's it's them who will be left with the uh with the Fallout of that these these men that I'm with they think that if we stay they think if we stay but that we're going to be

rescued but I honest God believe that if we if we just if we wait if we just watch Wait God take that we as good as

dead by day five over 2,000 cubic kilm of Ash and pomus had been dumped across the United States 2 and a half thousand times more than the Fallout from mounts and hens but that was only about 10% of what was in the magma chamber how much more would come out depended on how much more eruptible

magma was down there the country was already on its knees thousands of people dead millions of others homeless if it didn't stop soon well let's just say we were running out of [Music] options we have just received reports that Mexican authorities closed the Border 4 hours ago according to Aid workers in the area 3 million people

have now gathered at the Mexican border many of them without shelter food or money Maggie chin K cbz news they closed the border to US citizens yes that's totally unacceptable they're condemning people to death the Mexicans say they can't cope with the numbers well we're going to have to kick some ass well I

think the president might feel that right now is a bad time to invade Mexico Bob can we move on yes sir all right our best case scenario is if the eruption stops in two days if that's the case access to zones one and two won't be possible until at least 3 to four weeks after that so it's

unlikely we'll find any survivors we can start supply drops into zones 3 through five about 2 weeks after the eruption ends if the weather is with us but it's going to have to be peace meal depending on whether the satellite can find clean skies for the aircraft that's too long what about Rick's walk to life we

can't advise people to walk through the ash it's just too dangerous so are we asking people just to sit there and starve to death there are hundreds of thousands maybe millions of people stumbling around out there looking for help

sir all right we'll go with walk to life I need to hear a plan out of this room as to how to do that fast

well still raining Ash save the battery you're going to need it

outside Johnson yeah what the Air Force be looking for you for me yeah you know leave no man behind and all that that's the Rangers so the Air Force does leave them behind I guess I should have join the Rangers Cheyenne's our best bet we should head there FEMA FEMA knows we're here they'll send somebody K fma's got

25 million people to save by the time they find us we'll have starved to death not if we Johnson try it definitely a book in this one we get oh I don't know one doesn't like to say I told you [Music] so we assumed that when all the vents merged together to form a new Caldera

then the pressure would drop and the eruption would stop that was our thinking then on s our seism graphs began to pick up massive qus and we realized that the ground within the nuala room was beginning to collapse collapse into the empty space left by the ejected

magma that's all the major drop points the Pentagon has 45,000 pallets 800 planes and 560 Choppers ready to go is a safe to fly information Leets with the ass jumpers and all the pallets you need to see

this does this mean this means that the pressure holding the eruption column in the air is beginning to drop it it's a good thing it's a good thing and now to the news that America has been waiting for the end of the super volcanic eruption at Yellowstone National Park at 9:17 a.m. local time

the eruption column began to

collapse huge pyroclastic urges which radiated out over 100 Mil from the base of the column overwhelming the US Air Force drone that's been moned coruption Across America the overwhelming task of trying to bring aids to the estimated 29 million people trapped by the ash fall begins authorities now admit it'll take weeks if not months to reach those

trapped closest to the volcano we're going to head back toward the interstate and then turn north any abandoned vehicles we come across along the way I think we should stop and check them for water in the washer bottle food anything we can use okay okay how far outskirts of Cheyenne are approximately 25

km you know I've got to say Richard this has been a crappy book tour so

far flashlight ready okay come on come on all right all right you okay right

[Music]

[Music]

[Music] it used to be BC and AD before and after Christ well now it's B Y and a y before and after Yellowstone before and after the world changed out of all recognition suddenly utterly irrevocably the global effects were not fully felt until a month or so after the eruption had stopped billions of tons of sulfur

dioxide ejected by the volcano wrapped their way around the Northern Hemisphere cutting down the sunlight within weeks temperatures started to plummet as much as 20° in some places then the aerosols jumped the equator and started to cool the Souther H the monsoon failed adding Dro to the better cult climatologists say it will start

getting better in a few years but let's just just say I don't think I'll live to see another

[Music] turn to clear up the scale of what we still have to do all this time on 80% of the USA covered by Ash 20% rendered unusable or uninhabitable cities and towns per permanently abandoned Billings Cheyenne Denver Salt Lake City I don't know how we've kept going to be honest I mean just the

animals the livestock Millions dead rotted where they fell and the people

if it hadn't been for walk to life 7.3 Million Lives saved that was [Music] inchi and it was Rick's achievement not knowing was the hardest part he called from Cheyenne from the airport with Ken and and then I didn't hear anything until Michael idge called from FEMA to say they were in this this bunker

place but safe but then when there was no news I gave up all hope of ever seeing them

again you okay sir I believe this is yours [Music] why did I choose to come back it's hard to say really to face the reality of what nearly happened I suppose how close we actually came to never leaving this place at all we were picked up in Cheyenne and when the ash finally stopped falling

we were transported to Denver where we waited with thousands of others for our turn to be rescued it would be 3 months until the transatlantic routs opened up again and I made it back to my family and England but I soon realized I couldn't stay there not until I'd seen for myself what

had happened to Yellowstone the place I'd spent my whole life trying to [Music] understand things will get better they will eventually nature will recover the world will recover this after all is not only how life ends it's also how life begins and one day someday Yellowstone will erupt again but not on my watch

[Music]

a [Music]