Seminario 13 Diferenciacion sexual humana - Rodolfo Rey

Hello, my name is Rodolfo Rey and I welcome you to this class on human sexual differentiation. Continuing with unit 8 of the genetics part of the program, today we are going to focus essentially on the genetic basis of primary sexual differentiation in XX and Xi individuals and on the anomalies. that affect the

sex chromosomes, that is, the inherited traits linked to the sex chromosomes and to autosomes related to sexual differentiation. To do this, we will first look at some concepts about sex and gender, and then we will focus on the embryology of sexual differentiation. We will look at the anatomical and physiological aspects of this process and then

delve into the genetic aspects. We will discuss the importance of the existence of a chromosome and the genes involved in the process of sexual differentiation during intrauterine life and the underlying genetic mechanisms. Let's look at some illustrative examples of genetic abnormalities of sexual differentiation, for which this acronym DSD is used, which comes from English and

refers precisely to abnormalities of sexual differentiation. We will then look at some examples of diagnostic methods used from a genetic point of view , of course, to try to diagnose these abnormalities, and finally some clinical or experimental examples to illustrate this lesson. Starting then with the genetic aspects of sexual differentiation, we can talk

about chromosomal sex or genetic sex. Here we will talk about typically dimorphic characteristics. What do I mean by this? 99% or more of the population has an XX or XI karyotype in their sex chromosome pair. In other words, there isn't a gradient, but rather two main possibilities that cover more than 99% of cases.