Clase Arellano - La Guerra de las Ciencias

Today I'm going to talk to you about a war that has been taking place between us for centuries, a hidden conflict that occurs without our realizing it. But first, some concepts that I think are important for you to understand, which will help you understand this text and, ultimately, the entire unit.

First, the differences between epistemology, ontology, and methodology. In the article we're working on, Arellano's, the author begins to mention these terms, and I think it's important that you understand them so you don't get too lost in the discussion. Ontology refers to that which exists. It can be a philosophical discipline that addresses this, but all sciences,

all disciplines, even the different theoretical proposals and models have their ontology; that is, that which, for this theory, for example, exists. Atoms, the unconscious—these are elements that are assumed to exist in one way or another. Then we have epistemology, which refers to the way in which we know. Epistemology is the study of what knowledge is and how

we learn it. That would be a rough definition. I'm going to talk about very general things at this point so you have some idea, but a thousand details would need to be made about all of this. Then we have methodology. Once a science or theory is a discipline, it assumes, in some sense, what

exists and how it is known. It then proceeds to establish some kind of steps or procedures with which to reliably access that knowledge. Understand that these are not logical steps that a science has to follow when it is established; they occur more or less simultaneously. So this is what is being talked about when referring to