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chapter 5 vitamin — Transcript · YTtoTranscript

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chapter 5 vitamin

ٍSameh Abu Ajwa · 3,149 words · 16 min read · EN

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Below is the complete, readable transcript of chapter 5 vitamin by ٍSameh Abu Ajwa on YouTube. Read the full text, copy any part you need, or generate a transcript for any video with our free tool.

Dear students, may God bless your time. We meet today in the fifth lecture. God willing, we will talk about vitamins. We previously discussed macronutrients, carbohydrates, protein, and fats. Today, God willing, in our lecture, we will meet in these few minutes and talk about vitamins. What are vitamins? What is the classification of vitamins? What are the functions of vitamins? God willing, we will

learn about them during this meeting. Now, when we talk about vitamins, we know that there are 13 essential vitamins, which are organic compounds. These are very important for the body's processes. Therefore, today we are classifying vitamins from what we know as micronutrients and minerals. We have macronutrients, which we have discussed: carbohydrates, protein, and fats.

Today, God willing, we will discuss the first micronutrient, which is vitamins. As you know, there are 13 essential vitamins. We also have water-soluble vitamins, vitamins B and C, and... We will discuss the fat- substitute vitamins, which I call vitamins A, D, E, and K. We will talk about them during this meeting. When we talk about vitamins, we will discuss

vitamins that are broken down when exposed to high temperatures. Let's look at which vitamins. First, there's thiamine. As you know, this vitamin is a heat-sensitive vitamin and is destroyed by high temperatures. Next, we will discuss riboflavin. We will learn about it in more detail during our meeting. Approximately 50 to 90% of riboflavin is

lost through processing or storage, such as cooking. Therefore, some people consider the presence of vitamins very beneficial, but their effectiveness is reduced due to exposure to heat, which breaks them down. We will also discuss the water-substitute vitamins, which we mentioned: vitamin C plus B. Fat sulfate vitamins, of course, these are vitamins A, D, E, and K. Let's learn

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about the characteristics of each vitamin, whether fat sulfate or water sulfate vitamins. When we talk about major vitamins, fat sulfates are called A, D, E, and K. Water sulfates are vitamins B and C. Absorption: Fat sulfate vitamins are absorbed through the lipid system, entering the immune system and then the sclerotia in the bloodstream.

Water sulfates, however, are absorbed directly into the bloodstream through direct blood transport. During transport, fat sulfate vitamins bind to protein carriers because they don't dissolve in water. Therefore, they are always attached to proteins. However, they move freely because they are part of the water environment of blood and cells. Now, if we look at some things, we'll find

in mind that consumption is... If you're going to import fat-soluble vitamins, they're primarily stored in the body's fat stores or liver. But water-soluble vitamins are excreted through urine and aren't stored in fat. That's why water-soluble vitamins are always non- toxic, while fat-soluble vitamins are always toxic because they're stored in fat and liver. This leads to an increase in

their levels beyond normal, resulting in a negative effect and causing problems. Now, let's look at the sources of vitamin C. We always find it in citrus fruits and strawberries. And here's vitamin B1 [clears throat], which is rich in broccoli, grains, fish, and dairy. So, we'll call these the B vitamins. If we take each water-soluble

vitamin separately, we'll talk about vitamin C. It's destroyed by exposure to high temperatures, so it can't be utilized. Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, is essential for the body. The

body needs a daily amount of ascorbic acid, called the Recommended Daily Intake ( RDI). The body needs 90 milligrams daily. Vitamin C plays a crucial role in teeth, bones, gums, and the formation of bones, muscles, and hair. It also contributes to bone health, which is important for providing

guidance to patients in hospitals and for health education. Furthermore, it aids in the absorption of iron (iron), which is why we advise people taking iron supplements to drink citric acid or orange juice. Vitamin C also helps increase iron absorption in the body. Vitamin C acts as an antioxidant, which can help prevent damage. Scarf is

any medical condition that causes abnormal bone formation due to vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency can cause a disease called scarf. It's related to increased immunity and also to the metabolism of amino acids. If vitamin C deficiency is the first thing that causes scarf, it's called bleeding gums, gingivitis, bone regression,

anemia, tonsillitis (soft teeth), fragility, bleeds, or bleeds. It increases the risk of infection because if immunity decreases, a vitamin C deficiency can weaken our immunity. So, what happens if vitamin C levels increase? Everything has a balance; why does it increase beyond that? In colloquial terms, we say that if we exceed the recommended amount of vitamin C, it causes nausea,

diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and kidney stones. So, where do we get vitamin C from? Everyone knows that vitamin C comes from citrus fruits, tomatoes, strawberries, guava, broccoli, and lemons. These are all sources of vitamin C. If we were to say we can get vitamin C from animal sources, no, we can't because it's a

water source. Now, let's talk about vitamin B1, its scientific name is MIND. One ounce is 1.2 milligrams. Thiamin can be broken down into thiamine, so there might be some benefit to its function. B1 is a carbohydrate, anionic acid, and a coenzyme in metabolism. It helps maintain the normal functional system. Patients suffering from nerve disorders are often given B1 as a B

complex. It also plays a role in strengthening the nerves and preventing certain problems. We'll call it beriberi. Prevention of beriberi: What is beriberi? It's a disease characterized by inflammation of the neurons. You'll learn about the types of beriberi. We have three types: white, dry, and innate beriberi. It also helps in the production of hydrochloric acid, which

maintains normal energy levels in the human body and helps in the maintenance of normal heart function. This, of course, helps in the process of organ and blood formation. Now, if we have a deficiency of vitamin B1, it causes a disease we call beriberi. As we said, it's neurological inflammation. Beriberi is divided into three types. Dry beriberi

always affects the peripheral nerve system and causes inflammation. A characteristic of dry beriberi is difficulty walking, weakness, and fatigue. You'll always find the patient or person suffering from weakness in their hands and feet. They may lose the ability to transmit nerve signals to the brain. Paralysis may also occur. It works, it works, it works, it works,

and it works. All of this is what causes erythema. We have another type called erythema, and this affects the heart and circulatory system. The dry erythema affects the nervous system. The wet erythema affects the heart and circulatory system. We have a third type, innate erythema, and this affects people with heart conditions, especially

breast cancer. It is always characterized by catarrh, diarrhea, edema, and heart failure. Toxic erythema does

not cause any type of erythema because it is a water source. Source B1 can be found in grains, legumes, liver, and cereals. All of these are sources of B1, which I call erythema. Now we come to the second vitamin, B2, the scientific name is riboflavin. Its RDA is 1 milligram daily. Its function is to help cells create energy from the

metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fat. It helps in The conversion of tryptophan to niacin, and this is an amino acid formation of RBCs, also red blood cells, which plays a role in the process of normal growth and antibody production. It

also produces antibodies and helps in the process of improving skin health. It is also related to vision and light adaptation, the eye's adaptation in the stage of light and darkness. Okay, if we are deficient in B2, it causes something called stomata. What are stomata? This is an inflammation of the corner of the mouth, which is the inguinal canal.

You'll find that the corner of the mouth becomes inflamed, which can cause dermatitis, anemia, and other disorders. It also causes physical and mental depression. This is vitamin B2. Does it have toxicity? No, it doesn't. It has no toxicity. Where is it from? The source of riboflavin or B2 is from the liver, milk, fish,

cheese, meat, and some grains. If we look at this picture, we find that fish, eggs, grains, and kidneys are sources of B2. Now we come to vitamin B3, which is niacin. The recommended dose is 6 milligrams. This stabilizes the body in heat, oxidation, or kidneys. B3 is thiamine. Niacin, excuse me, has a function called coenzyme for

carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. We can prevent this with flagella. It's a disease that works in the skin. It

can prevent all these things, and it also improves skin health. It also plays a role in improving growth and development. It also plays a role in cholesterol, especially by increasing good cholesterol (HDL) and decreasing LDL (bad cholesterol). Now, if we have a deficiency of vitamin B3, it causes something called pellagra, dermatitis, or glutamates on the

tongue or in the mouth. It causes diarrhea, dementia, memory loss, and can even cause death if it's not treated. Now, if B3 is too high, it causes flaking, gastritis, scrofula, hypotension, chycardia, hypoglycemia, and liver disease. Where do we get the source of niacin? From beef, fish, cows, and milk. All these are sources of vitamin B3, as

shown in the picture. Pyrodoxine, pyridoxine, and of course, RD. The 1.3-3 mg daily function also includes coenzymes for protein and fat metabolism. It also plays a role in the process of RBC formation, which helps in the health of the immune system. It also helps in the health of the nerves and skin. It

also plays a role in the absorption of vitamin B12. What are the signs of the condition? If vitamin B6 is lacking, it can cause skin problems, including dermatitis and acne. It also causes somatitis and glutathione, and it can cause anemia because, as we said, it plays a role in improving all these things. So, if it's lacking, it will turn into the opposite of

what's normal. What are the signs of the condition if it increases? If it increases more than 200 mg daily, it can cause extreme difficulty in the body and also cause a loss of balance. Where is vitamin B6 sourced? From poultry, fish, and liver. Kidney beans, bananas, spinach, and all these can be sources of legumes, spinach,

bananas (which are potatoes), and liver. Now let's talk about vitamin B9. Vitamin B9 is called folic acid. The recommended daily intake is 400 micrograms. Vitamin B9 is very important. It's what I call folic acid. You'll learn about it. It's very important for blood. First, its function is in protein metabolism. Second, it's very important for DNA and RNA. It

also has a role in the metabolism of red blood cells. It also plays a role in preventing something we call spina bifida. It affects some children who are born with a lack of part of the spinal cord. So, if a woman doesn't take folic acid, it can cause spina bifida. This is when part of the spinal cord and the

manganese are exposed, which is the part outside the spinal canal. Now, if we talk about folic acid, it causes something I call microcytic anemia, where you find red blood cells. A large, immature cell in the body is unable to transport oxygen, so the patient often complains of hypoxia, delayed growth, and also of swollen lymph nodes. They may also experience

redness and inflammation of the tongue. The source of folic acid is citrus fruits, some fried foods, lentils, and liver. Now let's move on to vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin. Its RD (radioactive protein) is in micrograms. Its function is related to DNA synthesis, maintaining melanin sheet and nerve cell structure. It also plays a

role in coenzymes for protein and carbohydrate metabolism and fat metabolism. It also prevents a condition called pernicious anemia, which is often referred to as macrocytic anemia. Therefore, it's important to maintain adequate levels of vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is essential in the body to prevent anemia. If we are deficient in vitamin B12, it will definitely cause anemia,

which we call pernicious anemia. It also has other roles. If we want to know, it will cause glucositis, anoxia, gestational diabetes, and it can cause constipation or weight loss. If it's too high, it's not toxic. Where do we get vitamin B12? You all know it's from meats, lean meats, seafood, eggs, and dairy products, which are dairy

derivatives like cheeses. Now let's talk about vitamin B5, which I call pantothenic acid ( RDA). 5 milligrams of RDA is what it does. It's related to metabolism, providing carbohydrates, protein, and fat. Vitamin B5 also plays a role in producing antibodies and supporting the endocrine system, so it's related to human immunity. It's also related to

thyrotropin (the production of serotonin). So, if it's low, what's the effect? Symptoms of excess vitamin B5: The source of vitamin B5 is, of course, fish, eggs, meat, and animal foods. Now let's talk about vitamin B7, biotin, which is 30 micrograms. This is heat-sensitive. Its function is major in the processes of coenzymes for fatty acids and amino acids. It is

related to the metabolism of protein, fat, and carbohydrates. It is very necessary for strength. It is the source of vitamin B7. It can cause something called alopecia, hair loss, and also causes thinning of the skin, inflammation, anemia, weakened immunity, congestion, and inflammation of the eyelids ( eyes). If it increases, it has no effect.

Where is vitamin B7 sourced? It is from fish, spinach, tomatoes, tomatoes, eggs, watermelon, watermelon, and

broccoli. All these are sources of vitamin C. Now, if we look at the picture, vitamin B7 is from mushrooms, corn, and sweet potatoes. Avocado and broccoli are also good sources of folate. If we look at the picture, we'll see that they are rich in folate. Everything in them—vegetables, avocados, beans, broccoli, okra, peppers,

red peppers, and radishes—is a good source of folate. Now, let's move on to the second part of the vitamins, called Fat Soluble Vitamins. We said it's like this, or I'll give you four vitamins. Let's start with the first vitamin, Vitamin A. We said its scientific name is Retinol, or Retinol, or Retinic Acid. The RDA is 900 micrograms.

Its role and function is to play an important role in the body's processes of growth and development. It also plays a role in the retinoid system. Secondly, it's involved in the formation of the mycoses and prevents something called xerostomia. This is a medical condition that causes a condition called glaucoma, which can lead to a stage called blindness. It's called the

inability to see. What is the condition if it happens? Night blindness, nighttime dry eyes. And it can cause what is called dry membranes, which can increase the risk of infection, and it can cause growth retardation, tooth cracking, and decay. It can cause cell death if it increases. Vitamin A can cause anoxia, stagnation, and liver damage.

All of this can happen if we get too much of it. Vitamin A is found in foods like creams, butter, and leaves. We also have some provitamin A, such as beta- carotene. The best source of beta-carotene is carrots ( carrot oil), sweet potatoes, spinach, broccoli, mangoes, cantaloupe, and honeydew melon. Now we come to

the second vitamin from FatSub Vitamins: Vitamin D, scientifically known as cholecalciferol, RDA 15 micrograms. Of course, Vitamin D can be in two forms: Vitamin B3 or Vitamin B2 ( cholecalciferol) or ergocalciferol. This Vitamin D is very important for dermatology, especially when Vitamin D is present. Vitamin D is active under the skin and is activated when a person is exposed to

the sun, especially at the known times in the morning and evening. The function of vitamin D is to help in the absorption of calcium, prevent hypocalcemia, especially hypocalcemia, and also improves bone and teeth development. It also increases immunity and prevents a condition in children called osteoporosis (softening of the bones). The signs and symptoms of

vitamin D deficiency are called rickets in children, especially since some children have a condition like bulges in the bones. You find the patient comes in a form of bone formation. Two things, we may have tooth decay because we do not have vitamin D, and at the end of the children's clonidine does not work in the bones. Of course,

if vitamin D is too high, it can cause uremia ( heart disease). So where do I get the source of vitamin D? Through sunlight, we get vitamin D, which is activated by the sun's rays. We also get vitamin E from foods like milk, fish, liver, eggs, and butter. If we look at the picture, we'll find

vitamin E sources in liver, fish, cardamom, cheese, sweet potatoes, and pumpkin. We also have vitamin D sources in fish, milk, butter, and some cereals. The best way is to get vitamin D from sunlight, which activates the vitamin D in the body. Vitamin E is called tocopherols (RD), 15 mg. Its functions include: First, it's a

very important antioxidant that helps in the red blood cell formation process. It helps with membrane integrity, which is essential for reproduction. It also boosts immunity. A deficiency in vitamin E can cause something called cystic fibrosis, malformation syndrome, and especially cystic fibrosis or short power syndrome. If the levels of vitamin K increase, it can cause

toxicity, which is what we call " toxin" in the long term. Therefore, we must avoid taking excessive amounts. Sources of vitamin K include some legumes, some vegetables, fruits, soybeans, beans, and flowers. These are all potential sources of vitamin K. We're talking about vitamin K, which is the fat vitamin. The recommended daily allowance (RDA) is 120

micrograms. Vitamin K exists in two forms: vitamin K1 and K2. This is very important, which is why we call it mendiamine. It's crucial for the process of blood protein formation because it plays a major role in the activation of proteins in the body. If there's a deficiency of vitamin K, it can cause homeopathy. That's why

premature babies or those in incubators are given vitamin K because it's not yet fully mature. There's a problem with this, so we give them... Vitamin K, if excess, can cause hemolytic anemia and liver atrophy. Sources of Vitamin K include vegetables such as broccoli, spinach, grapes, apples, kiwi, cabbage, and avocado. This concludes our discussion

on the topic of solubilin (vitamin K). We will now meet again in the coming days for Chapter Six, God willing. Best wishes for your success and may God bless you.