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Dr Paari - Threats to biodiversity and ecosystems — Transcript · YTtoTranscript

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Dr Paari - Threats to biodiversity and ecosystems

Centre for Concept Design · 1,305 words · 7 min read · EN

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Below is the complete, readable transcript of Dr Paari - Threats to biodiversity and ecosystems by Centre for Concept Design on YouTube. Read the full text, copy any part you need, or generate a transcript for any video with our free tool.

hello everyone this session is about the common threats to biodiversity and ecosystem human interventions impact the biodiversity of our planet in multiple ways the biggest threat to biodiversity to date has been the way humans have reshaped the natural habitats that accidentally and deliberately have an impact on the ecosystems we all know that the human population requires

resources to survive and grow many of those resources are being removed unsustainably from the environment causing a threat to biodiversity and ecosystems there have been several major biodiversity loss events throughout Earth's history each with significant impact on the planet's ecosystem and species some of the most notable biodiversity damages in the history are

perian Triassic Extinction which occurred approximately 252 million years ago that wiped out approximately 96% of marine species and 70% of terrestrial vertebrate species the KT Extinction which occurred around 66 million years ago that resulted in the extinction of the non-avian dinosaur along with many other species and Ardo wec an Extinction that occurred approximately 443 million

years ago go that damaged 85% of the marine species the causes are thought to include glaciation and a subsequent global warming period leading to significant changes in sea levels and ocean chemistry late devonian Extinction that occurred around 360 million years ago witnessed the loss of around 75% of the species primarily marine organisms

possible causes were due to climate change Oceanic anoxia and volcanic activity trixic Jurassic Extinction which roughly happened 2011 million years ago that lead to the extinction of approximately 50% of the marine gendra and numerous terrestrial species possible causes were volcanic eruption climate change and the release of greenhouse gases the sixth mass extinction also known as the hosin

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extinction refers to the ongoing Extinction event characterized by a rapid decline in biodiversity largely attributed to human activities while Extinction events have occurred throughout the Earth's history the current Extinction crisis is unique in that it is primarily driven by human actions rather than natural phenomena some of the most significant threats include habitat destruction and

fragmentation climate change pollution invasive species overe exploitation land use change and ocean acidification according to a study by the Royal Society the main direct cause of biodiversity loss is land use change which drives an estimated 30% of biodiversity decline globally second is the overe exploitation of Natural Resources for things like food medicines

and Timber which drives around 20% of biodiversity loss climate change is the third most significant factor for biodiversity loss which together with pollution accounts for 14% biodiversity loss invasive alien species accounts for 11% of biodiversity loss to know about habitat destruction and fragmentation habited destruction refers to the complete elimination or significant alteration of a habitat making it

unsuitable for the species that originally inhabited it habitat destruction is often driven by human activities such as urbanization agriculture logging Mining and infrastructure development when habitats are destroyed the plants animals that depend on them for food shelter and other resources may be displaced or unable to survive leading to population declines or local extinctions habitat

fragmentation occurs when large continuous habitats are divided into smaller isolated Patches by human-made barriers such as roads cities agricultural fields or other forms of development habitat fragmentation can result in the formation of habited islands surrounded by a matrix of unsuitable or inhospitable habitat fragmentation can lead to reduced habitat quality and also restrict the

movement of animals fragment populations and increase the risk of genetic isolation and inbreeding which can reduce genetic diversity and compromise the long-term viability of species the combined effect of habitat destruction and fragmentation pose a significant threat to biodiversity and ecosystem health they are major drivers of species Extinction and can contribute to decline

in populations loss of genetic diversity and alterations of ecosystem structure and function let's see about the effect of climate change on biodiversity law Rising temperatures changing precipitation patterns and extreme weather events associated with climate change can disrupt the ecosystem alter the habitats and cause shift in species distribution species that cannot adapt or migrate quickly enough May face

Extinction changes in temperature and precipitation can also impact vegetation patterns such as changes in the timing of flowering leafing affecting the availability of food and resources for the species that depend on them climate change can disrupt the timing of key ecological events such as the timing of the migrations breeding seasons and the

emergence of insects or availability of prey this can lead to mismatches between species interactions such as pollinators and plants or predators and prey which can have a cascading effects through the ecosystem addressing pollution as a threat to biodiversity loss requires concerted efforts at local National and international levels to reduce emissions improve waste management practices

promote sustainable resource use and Implement policies to protect ecosystems and species chemical pollutant such as heavy metals pesticides fertilizers and Plastics can contaminate water bodies this contamination affects aquatic species directly causing deformities reproductive issues and even death it also disrupts food chains and can lead to the collapse of entire aquatic ecosystem pollutants released into the

atmosphere such as nitrogen oxides sulfur dioxide ozone and particular matter can harm both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem acid Rin for for example caused by air pollution damages vegetation and Alters soil chemistry affecting the plant growth and soil dwelling organisms many pollutants such as carbon dioxide and methane contribute to global warming and climate change

these changes in temperature and precipitation patterns can disrupt the ecosystem and alter the distribution of species some species may struggle to adapt or migrate to suitable habitats leading to population Decline and Extinction the widespread use and improper disposal of plastic products have lead to plastic pollution in terrestrial and in Marine environments marine animals often ingest plastic

debris or become entangled in it leading to injury Suffocation and death plastic pollution also impact Marine ecosystem by altering habitats and introducing toxic chemicals into the environment industrial chemicals Pharmaceuticals and pesticides can accumulate in the environment posing a risk to Wildlife and ecosystem these chemicals can disrupt hormonal systems impair reproduction weaken the immune system

and cause genetic mutations in exposed organisms overe exploitation is a threat to biodiversity unsustainable harvesting of resources such as over fishing illegal Wildlife trade and logging can deplete populations of species and degrade ecosystem overe exploitation because when living resources are harvested are utilized at rates exceeding their natural reproduction are replenishment rates leading to depletion

and decline in populations this can have a significant consequence for biodiversity and ecosystem Health unsustainable fishing practices such as bottom thring long laning can lead to depletion of fish populations collapse of Fisheries that affects the biodiversity of marine ecosystems pouching trafficking of endangered species such as elephants rhinos tigers and pangolins threaten their survival

and disrupt ecosystem illegal Wildlife trade also contribute to the spread of dis diseases habitat destruction and destabilization of ecosystem land use change is another cause for biodiversity loss conversion of natural habitats for agriculture Urban Development infrastructure projects and Mining Alters the ecosystem and reduces the available habitat for wildlife land use change can fragment Landscapes isolate

populations and increase human Wildlife conflicts deforestation for Timber extraction agriculture urbanization and infrastructure development can lead to the loss of habitat for countless plant and animal species including many that are endemic are threatened with Extinction addressing these threats required concerted efforts at local National and Global levels to conserve biodiversity protect ecosystem and

promote sustainable development practices this may involve measures such as habitat conservation sustainable Resource Management Pollution Control invasive species management climate change mitigation and international cooperation on conservation initiatives individual contribution on environment conservation have a huge impact let us be the part of this Noble cost thank you [Music]