Carbohydrate Digestion | Dr. Ibrahim El-Husseiny

Good evening, doctors! I hope you're all well. Today, God willing, we're starting a new chapter in the GIT module on the digestive system. In this module, we'll primarily cover the chemical reactions of carbohydrates, or as we call them, starches or sugars, and the chemical reactions of proteins. All chemical reactions that occur within the body fall under the term "

metabolism." So, let's use the word "metabolism" because you'll see it often. It refers to chemical reactions, whether they are building or breaking down. We'll begin, with God's blessings, by discussing carbohydrate metabolism. But before we talk about the chemical reactions, we need to understand how carbohydrates are digested, absorbed, and put into the body. We'll look at

all of this in detail together. So, let's begin, in the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Carbohydrate metabolism... but before I tell you anything, I'll remind you of a brief introduction we covered in carbohydrate chemistry before. So, what's this introduction about? Sugars come in different types. We divide them into three types based on their chemical structure.

If you find a sugar standing alone like this, it's called a monosaccharide. The word "mono" means one, and "saccharide" means sugar. This introduction is important and only for the mouth. If you find two sugars next to each other, attached to each other, that's called a disaccharide. The "

d" means two, and "saccharide" means one. Now, the most common monosaccharide we'll deal with is a sugar called glucose. It's a three-carbon compound, like this: here's its oxygen, here's the first carbon, here's the second, here's the third, here's the fourth, and here's the fifth. And above it is an "a." That's all very simple. What I