Seminario 23 Algunos mecanismos de carcinogénesis - Federico Waisberg

Hello everyone, I'm Fede Weisberg. This is seminar number 24, while I try to figure out how to enable the signal ball to work. Okay, let's look at some mechanisms of carcinogenesis. In Argentina, it is estimated that there are 130,000 new cases of cancer per year. This is a statistic from 2022 and with an approximate mortality rate of 50%.

It is estimated that up to age 75, 15% of patients will die from cancer, with the most frequent tumors in the population being breast cancer, followed by colorectal, lung, prostate, and pancreatic cancer. It is speculated that in the future, although today it is the third leading cause of death in Argentina, it is thought that within a few decades

one out of every two people will die from cancer. The process of carcinogenesis at the tissue level begins with proliferative phenomena, which we will call hyperplasia, the increase in the number of cells, which will then tend to become disorganized, to have alterations in the tissue, in some cases to have a more evident nucleus or with a greater

nucleus-cytoplasm ratio, some mitotic figures will begin to be seen and this process, which may affect the entire tissue or not, or only have a partial impact on the tissue, as seen in this case, will be called dysplasia. The phenomenon of cancer will initially occur in a non-invasive form, affecting all the tissue, but without

breaking the basement membrane, and then we will distinguish the phenomenon of malignant cancer, which is the ability to invade or disrupt the basement membrane and to invade lymphatic vessels of the surrounding tissue. This phenomenon is what allows some tumors to metastasize, which will condition and probably affect to a greater extent the possibility