Cardiovascular Pharmacology (Ar) - 01 - Therapy of hypertension

Welcome to the first video series where we'll be explaining the cardiology chapter. The cardiology chapter begins with a very long and important topic: hypertension. In our explanation, we'll have to dedicate a series of videos to it— maybe two or four—to explain and cover hypertension. Before we delve into hypertension itself, I want to discuss some

key points at the mechanical level. We need to see exactly how vasoconstriction and vasodeletion occur at the physiological level. This is because it will be very helpful in understanding many things related to medications. If you're talking about blood vessels, this is a cross-section of blood vessels, and I want to take a single cell and sac,

expand on it, and discuss what might be happening to cause vasoconstriction. What is the mechanism behind vasoconstriction or vasodeletion? Let's assume that this square is called Diaco. You know that you have an ion called calcium, and calcium is a main-extra ion. Its concentration outside your body's cells is approximately 100 times that of its concentration inside. So, it's an

extra cell, 10 times greater. You also have another ion, sodium, which is also a main-extra ion. Sodium's concentration outside the plasma is 140 mIU/mL, while inside it's 4 mIU/ mL. In contrast, you have a main-intra- serious ion, which is magnesium, also a divalent ion. You feel like it's standing opposite calcium, a divalent ion

opposite sodium. Sodium outside is opposite something inside the cell, which is potassium, a monovalent ion. Magnesium and potassium are also monovalent. We call these the "good ions," sometimes referred to as "housekeepers," which protect us from the harm of these two. Because if you hear about calcium or sodium, and I've told you this more than once, it can never be a